4 帮助文档hypermesh PDF

Altair
Hyperworks10.0
Hypermesh
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optistruct

Hypermesh abaqus
Hypermesh dyna
Hypermesh
ANSA
Ncode7.0(design life) ()
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so easy
NVH
Ncode
patran Patran PCL Workshop
Notes
HyperworksansaMSC.patran,nastrandytran
LS-dynaabaqusadamsansysmadymoMoldFlowMARC, Ncode
Optistruct
QQ290538306
zzuzhangyanhua@163.com
CAE
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HyperMesh Tutorials
Suggested Order Getting

Started with HyperMesh- HM-1000
File Location HyperWorks

<install_directory>/tutorials/hm/.
HyperWorks
<install_directory>
G global
template file:
<install_directory> PC
templates/ directory UNIX
hm/ directory
Finding the
Installation Directory
<install_directory>

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contents
Basics
Getting Started with HyperMesh- HM-1000 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~10
Opening and Saving Files - HM-1010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~13
Working with Panels - HM-1020 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17
Organizing a Model - HM-1030 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~23
Controlling the Display - HM-1040 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~31
Geometry
Importing and Repairing CAD - HM-2000 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~39
Generating a Midsurface - HM-2010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~47
Simplifying Geometry - HM-2020~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(49)
Refining Topology to Achieve a Quality Mesh - HM-2030~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~56
Creating and Editing Line Data - HM-2040~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~64
Creating Surfaces from Elements - HM-2050~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~75
Creating and Editing Solid Geometry - HM-2060~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~83
Geometry and Mesh Editing Using the Quick Edit Panel - HM-2070~~~~~~~~~~~~~95
Meshing
1-D Elements
Creating 1-D Elements - HM-3000~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~102
2-D Elements
AutoMeshing - HM - 3100 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~106
Meshing without Surfaces - HM-3110~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~114
2-D Mesh in Curved - HM-3120~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(120)
QI Mesh Creation - HM-3130~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(123)
Batch Meshing - HM-3140~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(127)
Meshing a Model Using Shrink Wrap - HM-3150~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(135)
3-D Elements
Tetrameshing - HM - 3200 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(142)
Creating a Hex-Penta Mesh using Surfaces - HM-3210~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(150)
Creating a Hexahedral Mesh using the Solid Map Function - HM-3220~~~~~~~~~~(162)
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CFD Mesh - HM-3230~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(169)
CFD Mesh - HM-3240~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(179)
CFD Mesh - HM-3250~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(185)
CFD Mesh Plane 2-D Meshing with Boundary Layers - HM-3260~~~~~~~~~~~(196)
Using the TetraMesh Process Manager - HM-3270~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(207)
Quality
Checking and Editing Mesh - HM-3300~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(215)
Penetration - HM-3320~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(226)
Assembly
Creating Connectors - HM-3400~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(238)
Creating Area Connectors - HM-3410~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(254)
Creating Bolt Connectors - HM-3420~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(259)
Part Replacement Through Connectors - HM-3430~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(262)
Morphing
Freehand Morphing - HM-3510~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(267)
Sculpting - HM3520~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(268)
Changing a Curvature Using Map to Geometry - HM-3530~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(270)
Changing a Profile Using Map to Sections - HM-3540~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(272)
Morph Volume - HM-3550~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(273)
Basics of Domains and Handles - HM-3560~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(276)
Altering Cross-Sections Using Domains - HM-3570~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(281)
Morphing About an Axis Using Domains - HM-3580~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(283)
Morph Adhesive Layers - HM-3590~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(285)
Morph Tube to Different Configurations - HM-3600~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(288)
Shaping a Dome Using Cyclic Symmetry - HM-3610~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(292)
Shaping a Bead Using Cyclic Symmetry - HM-3620~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(296)
Morph a Symmetric Part onto a New Geometry - HM-3625~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(302)
Morphing with Shapes - HM-3630~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(306)
Interpolating loads Using Shapes - HM-3640~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(311)
Creating Shapes Using Record - HM-3650~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(315)
Maintaining Area Using Constraints - HM-3660~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(318)
Positioning a Dummy Using Limiting Constraints - HM-3670~~~~~~~~~~~~~(321)
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Preserving a Shape Using Cluster Constraints - HM-3680~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(323)
Remeshing Domains After Morphing - HM-3690 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(327)
Analysis Setup
Setting up Loading Conditions- HM-4000~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(331)
Formatting Models for Analysis - HM-4010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(336)
Obtaining and Assigning Beam Cross-Section Properties using HyperBeam - HM-4020~(342)
Defining Composites - HM-4030~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(353)
Working with Loads on Geometry - HM-4040~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(358)
Working with Include Files - HM-4060~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(367)

OptiView - HM-4070~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(374)
Customizing Scripts
Creating a Macro - HM-8010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(377)
Create a Utility Menu Macro From a Command File - HM-8020~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(379)
Create a Utility Menu Macro to Create Constraints on a Plane - HM-8030~~~~~~~(382)
Create a Utility Menu Macro from a Tcl Script - HM-8040~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(387)
Create Forces on Nodes and Add a Button on the User Page - HM-8050~~~~~~~(390)
Calculate the Resultant Sum of Forces - HM-8060~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(395)
Create Spline Surfaces on Tria Elements - HM-8070~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(397)
Calculate the Radius of an Arc - HM-8080~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(400)
Create an OptiStruct PSHELL property - HM-8090~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(403)
Post-Processing
Exporting Data for Fatigue Analysis - HM-9000~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(408)
Free Body Diagram - HM-9010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(409)
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Finding the Installation Directory

<install_directory>
connector
tutorials
<install_directory>\..\
<install_directory>
1.
2. Help Updates.
HyperWorks Update Information Altair Home:
HyperMesh
<install_directory>\tutorials\hm.
HyperMesh
<install_directory>\tutorials\hm\interfaces\<solver>.
Go to HyperMesh Tutorials
Basics
Getting Started with HyperMesh - HM-1000

Opening and Saving Files - HM-1010
Working with Panels - HM-1020
Organizing a Model - HM-1030
Controlling the Display - HM-1040
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Getting Started with HyperMesh -

HM-1000
HyperMesh 10.0
Overview
Tools
HyperMesh
Title bar

Menu Bar
HyperMesh
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Toolbars

Model browser Model Model browser
Utility tab Disp
Disp
QA/Model ()Geom/Mesh () User (

)
Utility
Graphics area
Main menu

Main menu pages
Geom
1D, 2D, 3D
Analysis
Tool
Post
Command window HyperMesh
Viewcommand window
Status bar status status
GeometryStatus

HyperMesh status
: status
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HyperMesh
HyperMesh, Start > Programs > Altair HyperWorks >

Altair HyperMesh.
UNIX HyperMesh,
1.
HyperMesh (<altair_home>\altair\scripts\hm)
2. ENTER

user home directory user .alias .cshrc
3. alias
HyperMesh "start directory" HyperMesh

1. HyperMesh (hm.mac, hmmenu.set, etc.)
HyperMesh (command.cmf)
2. (hmmenu.set)
en, save, save as, import, export HyperMesh
3. /
4. Image (.jpg) F6
To determine the start directory on Windows, perform the following

steps:
1. HyperMesh .
2. Properties.
3. Shortcut Start In
On UNIX, the start directory is determined by the following:

HyperMesh
Your "home" directory
HyperMesh
Help HyperMesh and Batch Mesher

HyperMesh

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Model Files
HyperMesh tutorials
<install_directory>\tutorials\hm\
<install_directory> Finding the Installation

Directory <install_directory>
Opening and Saving Files - HM-1010
HyperMesh
HyperMesh
HyperMesh HyperMesh
IGES
OptiStruct
HyperMesh
IGES
OptiStruct HyperMesh
1: Opening and Saving Files
bumper_cen_mid1.hm, bumper_mid.hm, bumper_end.igs, and bumper_end_rgd.fem.
Step 1: Open the HyperMesh model file, bumper_cen_mid1.hm.

1. Open File
File Open...
Open ( )
2. bumper_cen_mid1.hm.
bumper_cen_mid1.hm
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HyperMesh model file, bumper_cen_mid1.hm, opened in HyperMesh
Step 2: Import the HyperMesh model file, bumper_mid.hm, into the

current HyperMesh session.
1. Import
File Import
Import ( )
tab Import Import HM model .

2.
3. File selection ( )bumper_mid.hm.

4. Import
bumper_mid.hm
HyperMesh model file, bumper_mid.hm, imported on top of existing data in the HyperMesh session
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Step 3: Import the IGES geometry file, bumper_end.iges, into the

1. tab Import Import Geometry .
2. File type: Iges
3. ( ) bumper_end.iges.
4. Import.
IGES geometry file, bumper_end.igs, imported into the session
Step 4: Import the OptiStruct input file, bumper_end_rgd.fem, into the

tab Import Import FE model .

1.
2. File type: OptiStruct
3. File bumper_end_rgd.fem.
4. Import.
OptiStruct bumper HyperMesh

bumper
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OptiStruct input file, bumper_end_rgd.fem, imported on top of data in the current HyperMesh session
Step 5: Save the HyperMesh session as a HyperMesh model file called

practice.hm.
1. File Save As...
2. practice.hm
3. Save.
HyperMesh practice.hm HyperMesh
Step 6: Export the models geometry data to an IGES file called

practice.iges.
1. Export
File Export
Export ( )
2. Export Export Geometry .
3. File type: Iges

4. File practice.igs.
5. Save.
HyperMesh () practice.iges
6. Export
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Step 7: Export the models mesh data to an OptiStruct input file called
practice.fem
Export Export FE model

1.
2. File selection File type: OptiStruct
3. File selection File .fem.
4. save
HyperMesh ()
practice .fem
5. Export
Step 8 (): Delete all data from the current HyperMesh session.
1. New HyperMesh Model
New
New .hm File ( )

2. "Do you wish to delete the current model? (y/n)" Yes
Step 9 (): Import the IGES geometry file you created,

practice.igs.
Step 3
Step 10 (): Import the Optistruct input file you created,

practice.fem, into the current HyperMesh session.
practice.fem hypermesh HyperMesh
Step 4
Steps 8, 9, and 10 HyperMesh Step 5

hm
Step 11 (): Save your work

Working with Panels - HM-1020
HyperMesh attributes controls
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Step 1: Open and view the model file, bumper.hm
Step 2: In the translate panel, select nodes from the graphics area
1. Tool translate
2. nodes
Node selector --
HyperMesh
Node Handles
reset
3.
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Step 3: Select and unselect elements from the graphics area.
switch ( ) elems( elems.)

1.
Entity selector with its switch

2. elems
()
Element Handles
3.
Step 4: Select and unselect elements using the quick window selection
method.
1. elems
2.
3. SHIFT + SHIFT

4. SHIFT +
5. SHIFT
Quick window pop-up menu
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6.
7. SHIFT + SHIFT
Step 5: Select and unselect elements by using the extended entity

selection menu
1. elems reverse ( elems >> reverse.)
Extended entity selection menu
2. elems >> by adjacent.
Step 6: Shade the elements, reset the selection, and select a few
adjacent elements.
1. Visualization Shaded Elements and Mesh Lines, .
translate reset ( )
2.
3. elems
Step 7: Specify a direction vector (N1 and N2 only) along which to

translate the selected elements.
direction switch ( , ).
1.
Direction selector along with the node selectors to define the direction vector
Direction
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2. N1, N2, N3
N1
elems
3. N1
N2
4. N1 N2 .
N3 N3
N1 N2 N1 N2
N3
:
Step 8: Specify a distance to translate the selected elements and then

translate them.
1. toggle ( ) magnitude = magnitude = N2-N1.

2. translate +
N1 N2 N2-N1
translate
3. translate +
4.
N2-N1
5. translate-2 .
N1-N2
Step 9: Measure the distance between two nodes

1. F4 Geom translate distance
translate
translate
2. two nodes
N1
3. N1 .
N2
4. N1 N2 .
distance = N1 N2
5. distance =
6. CTRL+C
7. return translate
8. translate distance
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Step 10: Specify a distance to translate the selected elements and then
translate them.
1. magnitude = N1-N2 magnitude =
2. magnitude =
3. CTRL+V distance distance =
4. Click translate +.
N1 N2 magnitude =
5. translate
N1-N2
Step 11: Calculate 5.5 * 10.5 and specify the resulting value for
magnitude =.
1. magnitude =
2. 5 . 5 () enter.
3. 10 . 5 ().
4. X.
57.75.
5. exit.
57.75 magnitude =
magnitude =
Step 12: Specify a new vector and translate the elements again.
direction reset ( ).
1.
2. N1
3. r N1, N2, N3
4. translate +
57.75
5. return
Step 13 (): Save your work.
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Organizing a Model - HM-1030
HyperMesh

ID 1 1

Overview
Step 1: Retrieve the model file, bumper.hm.
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Step 2: Create a component named geometry to hold the models

geometry.
1. component collector
Collectors Create Components.
Collectors component collector ( ).

2. G create
3. comp name= geometry.
4. color
5. card image=
6. property type no property.
7. create geometry.
: "The component was created" status
HyperMesh () status
geometry status

8. return
Step 3: Create two geometry lines and organize them into different
components.
1. lines
Geometry Create Lines.
Geometry Lines.
2. from nodes
3. node list 2
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4. create
5. geometry geometry.
6. status geometry.
7. rigid.
8. status rigid.
9. collector lines
node list opposite and diagonal to each other on another
10. element.
11. create
12. rigid rigid.
13. return
Step 4: Move all the models geometry surfaces into the component,
geometry.
1. Tool organize
2. collectors
3. entity surfs.
4. surfs >> all.
surfs >> all.

5. dest = geometry
6. move geometry
Step 5: Move all the models shell elements (quads and trias) into the
component, center
organize
1. elems.
2. elems >> by collector.

3. mid1mid2 end.

4. select
5. dest = center.
6. move center .
center
7. return
Step 6: Rename the component, center, to shells

1. Tool rename .
2. individually
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3. comps.
4. original name = center
5. new name = .
6. shells.
7. rename
8. return
Step 7: Identify and delete all of the empty components.

1. Tool delete
2. comps.
3. preview empty.
status "3 entities are empty."
mid1, mid2, end

4. comps

5. return delete
6. delete entity.
status "Deleted 3 comps."
Step 8: Delete all the geometry lines in the model.

delete
1. lines.
2. lines >> all.
3. delete entity.

4. return
Step 9: Move the component, geometry, to the front in the components

list.
1. reorder
Collectors Reorder Components.
Tool reorder
2. comps
3. switch name(id)( name name(id).)
4. IDsShells ID one rigid ID five geometry ID six.
5. geometry.
6. select .
7. move to: front.
8. reorder geometry
9. status "The selected collectors have been moved."
10. comps
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11. geometry, ID 6.
12. return
Step 10: Renumber the components to be the same as their position in

the list.
1. renumber
Collectors Renumber Components.
Tool renumber .
2. single
3. comps.
4. comps
5. comps >> all.
6. select
7. start with = 1.
8. increment by = 1.
9. offset = 0.
10. renumber
11. comps
12.
13. return
Step 11: Create an assembly containing the components, shells and

rigid.
1. assemblies
Collectors Create Assemblies.
Tool assemblies .
2. create
3. assem name =, elements.
4. card image =
5. comps .
6. shells rigid.
7. select .
8. create
9. return .
Step 12: Create a load collector named constraints.

1. Load collector
Collectors Create Load Collectors
Collectors Load Collectors Panel
2. create
3. loadcol name =, constraints.
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4. color
5. card image =
6. create
status "The loadcol was created."

7. HyperMesh () status
loadcol constraints status constraints
8.
9. return .
Step 13: Move the models one constraint into the load collector,
constraints.
loads,
organize constraints.
1. Tool organize
2. collectors
3. loads.
4. loads >> by config.
5. config = const.
6. displayed all.
7. select entities.
8. dest = constraints.
9. move selected (constraints) constraints.
Step 14: Open the Model browser.

tab area Model tab View Model browser.
Step 15: Create a component from the Model browser.

1. Model browser
2. Create > Component.
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3. color
4. Create
The component named component1 is appended to the list.
Model browser, Components + Component1

5.
Step 16: Review the existing assembly elements from the Model
browser.
Assembly Hierarchy + elements +
1. 2 rigid shells
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assemblies
Model browser
Step 17: Add the components, geometry and component1, to the

assembly, assem_mid, using the Model browser.
1. , geometry,
2. CTRL component1.
CTRL
assem_mid assem_mid
3.
assem_mid
SHIFT Model browser
SHIFT
Step 18: Rename the assembly, assem_mid to assem_geom, from the

Model browser.
1. assem_mid Rename.
Assem_mid
2. assem_geom ENTER.
Step 19: Delete component1 from the Model browser.

1. component1 Delete.
2. confirm yes
Component1
Step 20: Set the current component from the Model browser.
1. shells Make Current.

2. staus shells.
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Controlling the Display - HM-1040
HyperMesh

display mask Utility
Model browser

Step 1: Retrieve the HyperMesh model file, bumper.hm.
Step 2: Manipulate the model view using the mouse controls.

CTRL +
1.
2. CTRL +

3. CTRL
HyperMesh (
)

4. CTRL +
5. CTRL

6. CTRL +
7. CTRL +
HyperMesh
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8. CTRL +

9. CTRL .

10. 9

11. CTRL +
12. CTRL +
Step 3: Manipulate the view of the model using the rotate functions on
the toolbar.
1. View Controls dynamic rotate, .
status "Move the mouse into the graphics region."

2.

3.
CTRL +
4.

5.
6. View Controls dynamic rotate, ,

7.

8.

9.

10.
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Step 4: Manipulate the view of the model by using the zoom in and out
functions on the toolbar.
1. View Controls circle / dynamic zoom, .
status "Circle the data to be zoomed in on."

2.
3.
HyperMesh
CTRL +
4. Standard Views fit, .
5. View Controls zoom in / out, .
options

7. Preferences Meshing Options Geometry Options.
8. geometry mesh
9. zoom factor =, 4.
10. return .
12. View Controls circle / dynamic zoom, .
status "Move the mouse into the graphics region."

13.

14.
Step 5: Manipulate the model view using the arrows and view panel on
the toolbar.
1. View Controls rotate ( , , ).
options
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2. Standard Views view, .
view
3. top Z-
4. view
5. Preferences Meshing Options Geometry Options.
6. rotate angle =, 90.
7. return main
8. rotate ( , , ).
90
9.
10. CTRL +
11. CTRL +
12. Standard Views view, .

13. save1 = my view.
14. save1 = .
15. top .
16. restore1 save1 =.

17. view .
Step 6: Control the display of components using the toolbar.
1. Visualization Shaded Elements and Mesh Lines, .

2. .
Shaded Elements and Mesh Lines, , Shaded Elements and
3. Feature Lines, .
4.
5. Shaded Elements and Feature Lines, , Shaded Elements, .

6.
7. Wireframe Elements (Skin Only),
Step 7: Control the display of components using the Visual Attributes

panel.
1. Visualization Geom/Mesh Styles, .
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2. hidden line, .
3.

4. all
5.
Icon Display Mode
Wireframe
Hidden Line The element is displayed as a filled polygon.
Hidden Line with Mesh Lines The element is displayed as a filled

polygon with the feature edges drawn in mesh line color.
Hidden Line with Feature Lines The element as a filled polygon with the
feature edges in mesh line color.
Transparent The element is displayed as a filled transparent polygon.
6. return
Step 8: Control the visibility of various entity categories using the

Model browser.
1. tab Model tab.
2. browser Expand All .
Model browser
Model browser Display none, .

3.
4. Display all, .

5. browser Component (5) .
Display none, .
6.
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browser Display all, Display none, Display reverse

()

7. browser
browser
Display reverse, .
8.
9. Component view, .
browser
10. Elements + Geometry, , Elements, .
Display all, Display none, Display reverse
Display none, .
11.
Elements + Geometry, .
12.
Display reverse, .
13.
Step 9: Control the visibility of individual components using the Model

browser.
1. elements, mid2, end, rigid
2. center mid1
3. F
4.
5. geometry, , mid2 end.
6.
mid2 end center mid1
Step 10: Control the display of entities using the mask panel.
1. mask
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display Mask,
Tool mask l
2. G mask
3. elems elems >> by collector.
4. mid1.
5. select
6. center
7. mask
mid1
Model browser center mid1 ( )
8.
9. mask unmask all display unmask all, .
center mid1
the Display panel

10. return .
Step 11: Control the display of entities using the find panel.
1. find
display find, .
Tool find .
2. find entities
3. elems >> by collector end
4. find
end
Model browser end( )
5.
6. find attached
7. attached to: elems >> displayed.
8. find
mid2 rigid
( )
9. return
10. display Unmask All ( ).
find

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Step 12: Change the display of entities using the Mask By Config tab.
1. Model browser
Display none ( ).
2.
3. Display all ( ).

4. Mask By Config
5. Isolate component 1
connectors
6. Components connectors.
7. Hide Elements .

8. LoadCollectors equations.
9. Loads
10. Show Constraints +.

11. Elements 0D/rigids, springs/gaps, 1D, 2D, 3D.
12. Isolate 0D/Rigids 1
isolate
rigids components
13. Isolate components 1

isolate (components, groups, loadcollectors, morphing, multibodies, and
systemcollectors)
Step 13: Change the color of components using the Model browser.
1. Model tab Model browser.
mid2 ( )
2.
3. color .
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4. mid2 .
Geometry
Importing and Repairing CAD - HM-2000

Generating a Midsurface - HM-2010
Simplifying Geometry - HM-2020
Refining Topology to Achieve a Quality Mesh - HM-2030
Creating and Editing Line Data - HM-2040
Creating Surfaces from Elements - HM-2050
Creating and Editing Solid Geometry - HM-2060
Geometry and Mesh Editing Using the Quick Edit Panel - HM-2070
Importing and Repairing CAD - HM-2000
importing and repairing CAD

: Importing and Repairing CAD Geometry Data

clip_repair.hm.
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Step 1: , clip_repair.hm.
Step 2: View the model in topology display toolbar and shaded mode to
evaluate its integrity.
1.
2. autocleanup
Geometry Color auto ( ).
Wireframe Geometry ( ) Shaded Geometry and Surface Edges ( )

3.
4. Visualization ( ) Topology
Visualization

5. Free

6.
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7.
Free edges indicating surface discontinuities of the clip geometry
8. Non-manifold
9. - non-manifold
-

10. .
11. Close
12. Shaded Geometry and Surface Edges ( )

13.
14.

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Surface overhanging an edge and a missing surface
An edge that has apparently been collapsed
Area of collapsed edge
14. Wireframe Geometry ( ) .
Step 3: Delete the surface that overhangs the round corner.

1. Delete
Geometry Delete Surfaces
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F2
2.
3. delete entity return.
4.
Step 4: Create surfaces to fill large gaps in the model

1. surfaces
2. spline/filler
3. keep tangency
keep tangency

4. lines.
5. auto create (free edges)
auto create HyperMesh

6.
Area of missing surfaces
7. ()
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HyperMesh
8. 4.7
9. return.
Step 5: Set the global geometry cleanup tolerance to .01

1. O options
2. geometry
3. cleanup tol = 0.01 0.01 .
4. return
Step 6: Combine multiple free edge pairs at one time with the
equivalence tool.
1. edge edit
Menu Bar Geometry Edit edges
Geom PageEdge Edit
2. equivalence
3. equiv free edges only
4. surfs >> all.
5. cleanup tol= 0.01 options
6. equivalence edge pair
Step 7: Combine free edge pairs, one pair at a time, using the toggle
1. toggle
2. cleanup tol = 0.1.
3.
4.
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Area where free edges need to be toggled
5. toggle
Step 8: Combine the remaining free edge pair using replace.

1. replace
2. user views ( )
3. restore1
4. moved edge: edge
retained edge:
5.
7. replace.
HyperMesh
"Gap = (.200018). Do you still wish to toggle?"
8. Yes
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Edges to retain and move for replacement
9. return
Step 9: Find and delete all duplicate surfaces.

geom cleanup
1. Defeature
Menu Geometry Defeature
Geom Page Defeature
2. duplicates
3. surfaces >> displayed.
5. find.
status "2 surfaces are duplicated."

6. delete
Step 10: Observe the model again to identify any remaining free edges,
or missing or duplicate surfaces.

Use the topology display and shaded modes to perform
1. this task.
2. return
Step 11 (): Save your work
46
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Generating a Midsurface - HM-2010
CAD FEA
:
HyperMesh
(
). clip_midsurface.hm
midsurface
Step 1:
clip_midsurface.hm.
visualization visualization Shaded Geometry And Surface Edges
1. ( ).
2. visualization Geometry Color Mixed ( ).
3. wireframe ( )
Step 2: Generate a midsurface from midsurface panel.

1. misurface
Geometry Midsurface
Geom midsurface
2. auto midsurface
3. closed solid surfs .
4.
47
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5. extract
Middle Surface
Middle Surface
Step 3:
1. Model browser lvl10 Middle Surface
solid
Midsurface generated from a volume of surfaces
2. model browser lvl10
3. visualization transparency ( ).
4. comps lvl10
comps

5. transparency
lvl10
6. .
48
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Close-up of the midsurface with the lvl10 component set to full transparency
7. visualization wireframe ( ).
Step 4 ():
Summary

Simplifying Geometry - HM-2020
49
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clip_defeature.hm
2.5
Step 1: clip_defeature.hm
1. File Open....
2. clip_defeature.hm Open.
Step 2: lvl10
lvl10 (
)
1. Model browser
2. Elements/Geometry Geometry
3. lvl10 lvl10
Step 3 (): Mesh the clip to view mesh quality before defeaturing.
1. Shaded Geometry and Surface Edges ( ).
50
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2. automesh
Mesh Create 2D AutoMesh
3. surfs.
4. size and bias
5. element size = 2.5.
6. mesh type: mixed.
7. interactive automatic.
8. toggle elems to surf comp
9. surfs >> displayed
10. mesh
Initial mesh on the clip model
11. return
Step 4 ():
check
elems
1. check elems
Mesh Check Elements Check Elements
Tool check elems
2. 2-d
3. length 1.
4. length
51
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: Wireframe
Geometry ( ).
5. return.
6. Model browser lvl10
Step 5: Remove the four small pinholes.

Pinholes
1. defeature
Geometry Defeature
Geom Page Defeature
2. pinholes
3. diameter 3.0.
4. surfs >> all.
5. find 3
52
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xP HyperMesh

Pinholes identified using a 3 mm diameter
6. delete
Step 6: Remove all surface fillets in the clip

1. defeature
2. surf fillets
3. Shaded Geometry and Surface Edges ( ).

4. find fillets in selected surfs >> displayed.
5. min radius 2.0.
6. find 2
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--Surface fillets identified for removal
7. remove.
Step 7:
defeature
1. edge fillets
2. surfs >> displayed.
3. min radius 1.0.
4. bottom all fillets
5. find.
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--Edge fillets identified for removal
6. fillets entity
7. F .
8. remove
Step 8: Mesh the defeatured geometry and view quality.

1. automesh
2. surfs>>displayed.
3. mesh.
Step 9 ():
Summary--
2.5
55
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Refining Topology to Achieve a Quality

Mesh - HM-2030
Step 1: clip_refine.hm
clip_refine.hm
Step 2:
1. automesh
2D automesh
2. surfs.
3. size and bias
8. mesh
56
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Initial mesh on the defeatured clip model
Step 3:
1.
2. Check Elements
Mesh Check Elements Check Elements
Tool check elems
3. 2-d
4. length 1.
5. length
6.
7. return
8. Model browser lvl10 .
Step 4: Remove short edges by combining fixed points.

1. point edit
Geometry Edit Points
Geom point edit
2. replace
3. moved points.
4. fixed point
5. retained point
6.
7. replace.
57
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Selecting fixed points to be combined
Step 5: Remove the fixed points interior to all surfaces.

1. Points
2. suppress cursor option.
3. .
58
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Fixed points to be removed
4. return
Step 6:
1. surface edit
Geometry Edit Surfaces
Geom surface edit
2. trim with nodes
3. node normal to edge node.
4.
5. lines.
edge
Select fixed point and line to split the surface.
6. 6.3, 6.4 6.5
59
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7. 6.3, 6.4, 6.5
8. 6.3, 6.4 6.5
60
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Select fixed point and line to split the surface
Step 7: Add edges to the surfaces to control the mesh pattern

1. trim with surfs/planes
2. with plane surfs.
3.
Surfaces to be selected for splitting
4. N1, N2, N3 N1
5.

2 N1 N2
6. F4 distance .
61
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7. three nodes
7.6
8.
Select fixed point and line to split the surface
9. .
N1, N2, N3

HyperMesh index and type, Picking
Nodes on Geometry or Elements.
10. circle center
11. return surface edit
12. B
13.
14. trim.
15. return
Step 8: Suppress shared edges causing a small edge

1. edge edit
2. (un)suppress
3. suppress.
suppress
62
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Surface edges to suppress by toggling
Step 9:
2.5
1. Model browser lvl10
2. automesh
3. elem size = 2.5 mesh type mixed.
5. mesh.
Step 10:
1.
2. Check Elements
3. 2-d
4. length 1.
5. length

6. automesh
7. QI optimize
8. elem size = 2.5 mixed.
9. edit criteria.
10. Target element size 2.5.
11. Apply OK.
12. surfs >> displayed .
13. mesh.
63
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"There is a conflict between the user requested element size and quality
14. criteria ideal element size," Recomute quality criteria 2.5
15. qualityindex
Mesh Check Elements Quality Index
2D qualityindex
16. pg1 comp. QI 0.01.
Step 11 ():
Creating and Editing Line Data -

HM-2040

ID

X-Y

CAE
Step 1:
1. components
components ( ).
Collectors Create Components.
64
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2. comp name = geometry.
( ) card image = no card image.

3.
4. color yellow.
5. create.
6. return.
Step 2:
1. Isometric View( ).
2. create nodes
Geometry Create Nodes.
Geom nodes
3. type in
X, Y, Z create
4. node
Node X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 0 0 25
3 0 0 37
4 0 5 25
5 0 5 -2
5. return
6. f
Step 3: IDs
1. Tool numbers Numbers .
2. nodes.
3. nodes all.
4. on IDs.
5. return.
Step 4:
1. circles
From the Menu Bar Geometry Create Circles
Geom circles
2. center & radius
3. node list 2.
65
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( ) X-axis.
4.
5. base point ( ) 2
6. ( ) circle.
7. radius= 5.
8. create.
9. Circles: Center and Radius .
Step 5:
1. Toggle circle arc
2. node list 2.

3. X-axis.
4. ID 2
5. angle = 180.
6. radius = 2.5.
7. offset = 90.
8. create .
9. return circles
10. Rear ( ).
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Step 6:
1. lines
Geometry Create Lines
Geom lines
2. from nodes
3. ID=45
4. create 4 5
5. return.
Step 7:
1. translate
Geometry Translate Lines
Tool translate
2. lines.
3. 4 5
lines duplicate current comp
4. (Geometry).
5. plane and vector y-axis.
6. magnitude = 10.0.
7. translate -.
8. return.
Step 8: Edit lines by splitting at a line

1. line edit
Geometry Edit Lines
Geom line edit
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2. split at line
3. lines .
4. cut line 4 5 .
5. split.

6. 3/4
7. return.
Step 9: Display the line IDs.

1. numbers
2. lines.
3. lines all .
4. on IDs.
5. return.
Step 10:
1. delete
Collectors Delete ( )
Tool delete
2. lines.
3. ( IDs 5 10).
4. delete entity
5. return.
Step 11: Duplicate and reflect an arc.

1. reflect
Geometry Reflect Lines
Tool reflect
2. lines.
3. ( ID 2)
4. plane and vector switch z-axis.
5. 2
lines duplicate original comp
6. (Geometry).
7. reflect .
8. return.
68
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Step 12: --Create two tangent lines.

1. Lines at tangents .
2. ID 3
3. line .
4. semi-circular ID=8.
: ID //
5. find tangent.

6. .
7. 4-5.
8.
9. return tangent .
Step 13: Redisplay the line IDs.

1. Numbers
2. lines.
3. lines all .
4. on IDs.
5. return numbers .
Step 14: Split curves by tangent line and delete redundant line.
1. Line Edit split at line
2. lines 8 cut line 12
69
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: ID
3. split 12 8
4. 3-5 line edit 13 8.
5. F2 line edit delete
6. 12 13
7. delete entity
8. return .
Step 15: Create a component collector for surfaces.

1. components
2. name = surfaces.
3. creation method switch no card image.
4. color purple.
5. create.
6. return components
Step 16: Create a surface square on an X-Y plane.

1. Planes
2D planes
2. square
3. orientation vector z-axis.
4. base node 1
70
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5. Switch mesh, keep surf surface only.

6. size = 30.
7. create .
8. return planes .
Step 17: Create a line that connects two parallel lines on an X-Y plane.
1. Lines
2. at intersection .
z-axis (l elements with plane lines with plane
3. )
z- X-Y
4. base 1 .
5. lines with plane
6. line list X-Y

7. intersect .
8. return
Step 18: Switch the current working component surfaces to geometry.

1. Model browser geometry Make Current.
geometry
Step 19: Extend a line to a surface edge.
1. standard views User Views ( ).

2. Iso1.
3. Line Edit
4. extend line
5. distance = to
6. entity type node line.
7. line step 17 1
V
9. line -- iso1
11. extend +.

12. return Line Edit
71
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Step 20: Create a fillet between two lines.

1. line
Geometry Create Lines.
Geom lines.
2. fillets
create
3. trim original lines.
4. radius= 5.
5. 1st linestep 19
6. 2nd line step 19
status "Please select "HyperMesh fillet quadrant

7. X fillet quadrant
72
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HyperMesh fillet
8. return Lines .
Step 21: Trim a line by plane and delete a redundant line segment.

1. Line Edit
2. split at plane .
3. lines
4. orientation vector z-axis.
5. node 1 .
6. split X-Y line 4 .
7. F2 delete
8. entity type lines.
9. X-Y delete entity
10. return
Step 22: Remove all temp nodes.

1. temp nodes
Mesh Delete Nodes
Geom temp nodes
73
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2. clear all
3. return
Step 23: Change the rendering mode.
1. visualization Shaded Geometry ( ).
Step 24: Export all geometry as an IGES file-- IGES

1. Files Export IGES Geometry.
2. Export Export geometry .

3. File type: Iges.
4. File name.
5. Export
IGES CAD UG, Catia, ProE
74
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Creating Surfaces from Elements -

HM-2050

Plot elements

FE
fe_to_surf.hm
Step 1: Open the model file and create shell elements

1. wireframe mode

IGES
75
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2. faces
a. Tool faces
b. comps
c.
d. find faces.
HyperMesh ()
^faces
3. Model browser tetras element
Faces (shell) elements
Step 2: Obtain surfaces from elements

collectors surfaces FE (faces)
Components ( ) Components surface

1.
2. ^faces FE surf
76
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1.Geom surfaces from FE

2. elems displayed
3.Toggle auto defect features mesh based auto tolerance.
Auto detect features 1-D plot

options

Mesh-based auto tolerance
4./
5. surface complexity: 5
6. create 40
3.
User Views ( ) views 1 5
4. delete
5. ^faces
FE surf
plot
Step 3: Capture features with plot elements plot

plot
plot
plot edges, features, edit element plot

features
77
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features plot tria (^faces )

break
1. angle =30
1. surfaces FE features features
Tool features features

2. elems.
3. elems displayed.
4. feature angle = 30
5. advanced analysis
()
6.
7. features.
Plot elements representing features-- plot
plot plots
^feature feature
8. User Views ( ) views 1 5

2. view view1
78
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plot plot

3. features edit
element features to remove elem plot
1.
2. remove.
--Features to be removed
4.
1. features edit
2. nodelist
3. nodelist by path.
79
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4.
5.
add
6.
Nodes to create a new feature
5. User Views ( ) view2
Z
1. features edit
element features to remove elem plot
2.
3. remove.
Features to be removed
80
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6. sub-step 3.4 ().
New features added-
cleanup
7.
Model with corrected features--
plot surfaces plot

plot
feature angle
feature angle plot plot

81
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feature angle plot

plot
features plot
plot

plot
8. Model browse surfaces Make Current.

9. surfaces from FE
1. elems by collector
2. ^faces select
3. auto detect features toggle feature edges
4. feature edges by collector.
5. ^feature select.
6.
7. create.
10. ().
Surfaces generated
plot
plot
82
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Creating and Editing Solid Geometry - HM-2060

3-D
0 x, y, z

: Creating and editing solid geometry

solid_geom.hm
Step 1: , solid_geom.hm
Files
File Open
files
Step 2: Create solid geometry from the bounding surfaces.

1. Geom solids
2. bounding surfs
83
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3. auto select solid surfaces

4.
5.
6. create
7. status
8. return
Step 3: Create a solid geometry cylinder using primitives.

1. primitives surfaces-Cylinder full
Geometry Create Primitives
Geom primitives
2. cylinder/cone
3. Toggle full cone full cylinder
4. bottom center
5. normal vector
6.
7. base radius= 1.5.
8. height= 25.
9. create solid.

10. return
Step 4: Subtract the cylinders volume from the rest of the part.
1. solid edit
Geometry Edit Solids
Geom solid edit
2. boolean
3. operation type: simple (combine all).
4. operation: A-B (remove B from A).
84
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5. A:
B:. solids
6. step 3
7. calculate.
8. shaded
Step 5: Split the solid geometry using bounding lines

solid edit
1. trim with lines
2. bounding lines: solids
3. lines
4. trim
85
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Step 6: Split the solid geometry using a cut line

solid edit trim with lines
1. with cut line: solids 5
2. User Views ( ).
3. restore1.
4. drag a cut line.
5.
86
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6.
7.
8. with cut line:
87
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9.
10. User Views ( ) restore2.

11. cut line:
Step 7: Merge solids together.

solid edit
1. merge
2. to be merged: solids
88
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3. merge
Step 8: Split the solid geometry with a user-defined plane

solid edit
1. trim with plane/surf
2. User Views ( ) restore3.

3. with plane: solids
89
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4. plane N1, N2, N3.

5. N1
6.
N1 N2
7. 2
90
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8. trim
Step 9: Split the solid geometry with a swept line

solid edit
1. trim with lines
2. with sweep lines: solids
3. line list step 8 N1, N2, N3.
91
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4. sweep to: switch N1, N2, N3 x-axis.

5. plane sweep all
6. trim
Step 10: Split the solid geometry with a principal plane.

solid edit
2. with plane: solids
3. plane N1, N2, N3 z-axis.
4.
5.
6.
7. trim
92
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8. return
Step 11: Split the solid geometry by creating surfaces inside the solids.
1. surfaces
Geometry Create Surfaces
Geom surfaces
2. spline/filler
3. auto create(free edge only) keep tangency
4.
5. create
6. return
7. Geom solid edit
9. with surfs: solid
10. with surfs: surfs
11. trim.
12. return.
13. Geom surfaces
14. spline/filler
15.
93
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16. create.
17. return.
18. solid edit
Geometry Edit Solids
Geom solid edit
20. with surfs: solids
21. with surfs: surfs
22. Extend Trimmer .
23. trim.
24. return
Step 12: Suppress extraneous edges on the part.

1. edge edit
2. (un)suppress
3. lines >> by geoms.
4. solids
94
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5. add to selection
6. breakangle = 45
7. suppress
8. return
Geometry and Mesh Editing Using the

Quick Edit Panel - HM-2070
qucik edit quick edit
HyperMesh
base_bracket.hm
95
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Step 1: Load the model and create a baseline mesh

1. base_bracket.hm
2. automesh
Mesh Create 2D Automesh
2D automesh
F12
3. size and bias
4. element size = 0.1
6. elements to surf comp

8. mesh.
9. return
HyperMesh
Prefrences / Meshing Options topology revision
remesh keep mesh delete mesh
base
"washer"
Step 2: Simplify the geometry by removing unnecessary holes

1. Geom quick edit.
96
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2. unsplit surf: line(s).

3. ()
Step 3: Modify geometry around remaining small holes

1. V
2. split surf-line node.
3.

4.
97
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Step 4: Trim a washer layer into the surface around each of the four
holes
1. washer split offset value 0.05.
2. washer split line(s)
3.
4. adjust/set density line(s)
adjust edge density

5.
6. line(s)
set edge density

7. washer ( 7 8) .
8. washer 8
98
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9. adjust set edge density
washerWasher
10.
Step 5: Adjust the mesh around the large holes on the side surfaces

split surf-line
step 5
99
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Step 6: Remesh the newly trimmed surfaces

1. F12 automesh
2. 12 surface patches
3. size and bias
4. interactive.
5. mesh type: quads.
6. mesh
7. density 6 1 2
8. mesh style mesh method map as pentagon set all

9. mesh
10. return automesh
11. return automesh
12. Geom
13. quick edit.
Step 7: Adjust the mesh on the mounting flange

x- ( split
surf-line ) 1 2 ( adjust density f
)
100
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Meshing
1-D Elements
Creating 1-D Elements - HM-3000
2-D Elements
AutoMeshing - HM-3100
Meshing without Surfaces - HM-3110
2-D Mesh in Curved - HM-3120
QI Mesh Creation - HM-3130
Batch Meshing - HM-3140
3-D Elements
Tetrameshing - HM-3200
Creating a Hex-Penta Mesh using Surfaces - HM-3210
Creating a Hexahedral Mesh using the Solid Map Function - HM-3220
101
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CFD Mesh - HM - 3230

CFD Mesh Plane 2-D Meshing with Boundary Layers - HM-3260
Using the TetraMesh Process Manager - HM-3270
1-D Elements
1-D
: Creating 1-D Elements

1d_elements.hm.
102
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Step 1: --Retrieve the model file.

1. HyperMesh 1d_elements.hm.
2. Preferences User Profiles....
3. Default (HyperMesh).
4. OK
Step 2: Create 1-D bar elements 1-D bar

1. bars
Mesh Create 1D Elements Bars
1D bars
2. bar2
3. ax = 0.
4. ay = 0.
5. az = 0.
bar
6. property = property1.

7. pins a = 0.
8. pins b = 0.

9. update switch components
10. x comp = 1.
11. y comp = 1.
12. z comp = 1.
y-
13. node A
14. node B
two-noded bar
15. return
103
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Bar 2
Step 3: Create 1-D elements along a line 1-D

1. line mesh
2. lines
3.
4. segment is whole line
5. element config: rigid.
6. mesh.
element density
7. set segment
8. elem density = 20.
9. set all.
10. return 2
line mesh Rigids
104
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Step 4: Create 1-D elements from the feature in the model.

1. Model browser
2. Model brower feature_elements
3. features
Mesh Check Components Features
Tool features
4. Comps feature_elements
5. select
6. feature angle = 30.
7. ignore normals
8. create: plot elements.
9. features.
plot
10. return
105
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2-D Elements
Meshing a Model Using Shrink Wrap - HM-3150
automesh
channel.hm.
106
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Step 1: --channel.hm
HyperMesh ( etc.).
Step 2: Mesh all the parts surfaces at once using an element size of 5
and the mixed element type ()
1. automesh
2D automesh
2. size and bias
4. element size= 5.
6. interactive ( automatic).
7. status Middle Surface.
elements to surf comp/elements to current comp toggle elems to current
8. comp.
9. mesh
meshing density

10. return
automesh

107
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Step 3:
1. delete
Collectors Delete ( )
F2
2. entity selector elems.
3. elems >> all.
4. delete entity.
5. return automesh
Step 4:
automesh size and bias
1.
2.
3. mesh
4.
Step 5:
density f.
local view fill.
Step 6:
1. density adjust : edge
2.
3.
4.
5. mesh
Step 7: menu
density
1. elem density= 10.
2. set : edge .
3. 10.
4. mesh
5. set all to 10.
6. mesh
Step 8: menu
108
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density
1. elem size= 7.
2. calculate: edge
3. =7
7
4. mesh
5. recalc all 7
6. mesh
Step 9: Change all edge element densities to reflect the initial element
size of 5.
1. elem size= 5.
2. recalc all.
3. mesh
4. Return size and bias
Step 10: rib

1. surfs rib
2.
3. mesh
4.
5. local view rear rib
Step 11: rib

1. checks
2. aspect 5
3. status 1.67.
4. jacobian 0.8.
5. jacobian 0.8
6. status 0.71.
7. jacobian 0.7.
8. 0.7. ( jacobian.)
9. 45
10. _____.
11. 135
12. _____.
109
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Step 12: Change the ribs mesh pattern by changing the mesh method
used for its surface.
1. mesh style
rib
2.
rib
3. mesh method: map as rectangle ( autodecide).

4. mesh method set all
5.
6. mesh
110
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Step 13: rib

1. checks
2. 5 .
_____.
3. 0.7 .
_____.
4. 45.
_____.
5. 135.
_____.
6. map as rectangle
Step 14: Change the ribs mesh method back to free (unmapped)
1. mesh style
2. mesh method: free (unmapped).
3. mesh method set all.
4. mesh
5. return automesh
Step 15: Preview a mesh of all displayed, unmeshed surfaces

1. V iso 1.
2. automesh
3.
4. failed surfs.
status "There are no surfaces with meshing errors"

5. unmeshed surfs
6. mesh
7.
Step 16: trias

1. mesh style
2. elem type toggle surf.
()
3. element type: trias.
4. element type: set surf. ( set surf.)
5. 2 trias.
6. mesh
111
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Step 17: Adjust the node spacing on surface edge (biasing)

1. biasing
2. bias intensity ( 0.000)
3. bias style linear.
This style corresponds to the positive slope of a straight line over the interval [0,1] of the
real line. For a positive bias intensity, smaller elements are at the start of the edge.
4. adjust: edge
5. biasing intensity 0.1
biasing
6. biasing intensity 3.0.

7. mesh
8. intensity= 10.
112
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9. calculate: edge.
10. bias intensity 10.
11. mesh
12. bias style: bellcurve.
biasing intensity

13. set: edge
14. linear bias style bellcurve bias style.
15. mesh
16. return automesh
Step 18: Remesh the channels bottom two surfaces

interactive automesh
Interactive
2. surfs channel 2 ().
3. element size = 10.
4. mesh
5. .
break connectivity
6. return
Step 19 ():
channel
113
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HyperMesh
:
bracket.hm
Step 1:
().
Step 2: scale
2
1. scale
Geometry, Scale Lines
Tool scale
114
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2. uniform 2.0
3. F4 distance
4. three nodes
5. N1

N1 2
6. N2 N3
7. circle center

8. return scale
9. entity type lines
10.
11. lines >> duplicate >> original comp.
12. origin:
13.
14. scale +.

15. return.
Step 3: Create a radial mesh between each of the concentric circles

using the spline panel
1. spline
Mesh, Create 2D Elements, Spline
2D spline
2. entity type lines,
3. mesh, keep surf mesh, dele surf.

4. keep tangency .
5. create.

6. density elem density 8.
7. set all to
8.
8. mesh.
9. return.
10. spline
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Step 4: Mesh the rest of the top face using the spline panel
1. entity type lines
2. create

3. density mesh
4. return
Step 5: Mesh the back face of the bracket using the line drag panel.
1. line drag
Mesh, Create, 2D Elements, Line Drag
2D line drag
2. drag geoms
3. drag: node list line list.
4.
5. along: line list
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6. 2
7. toggle use default vector
8. creation method mesh, w/o surf.
9. drag.

10. density mesh
11. return 2
Step 6: ruled
1. ruled
Mesh Create 2D Elements Ruled
2D ruled
2. node list.
3. node list by path.
node path.
4.
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5. node path show node order.

6. entity type line list.
7.
8. creation method mesh, keep surf mesh, w/o surf.
9. auto reverse
auto reverse
10. create.

11. mesh
12. return 2
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Step 7: skin rib

1. skin
Mesh Create 2D Elements Skin
2D skin
2. line list rib
3. mesh, keep surf mesh, dele surf.
4. toggle auto reverse.
5. create.

6. mesh
7. return
Rib
Go to the HyperMesh Tutorials
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Chordal deviation HyperMesh biasing
: Controlling the 2-D Mesh Concentration in Curved Areas

chordal_dev.hm
Step 1: , chordal_dev.hm
chordal deviation
Step 2:
1. automesh
2D automesh
2. automatic ( interactive).
3. min elem size = 15.000.
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5. Toggle elems to surf comp.
6. surfs > >by collector >> use size
7. select.
8. mesh
9. return.
The Maximum Deviation Parameter
maximum deviation biasing
Step 3: chordal deviation

1. automesh
2. edge deviation
3. min elem size = 1.000
TAB
4. max elem size = 15.000.
5. max deviation = 0.500.
6. max angle = 90.000.
Step 4:
1. surfs >> by collector >> deviation ctrl
2. select.
3. mesh
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chordal deviation

1. max angle = 20.000.
2. surfs >> by collector >> angle ctrl.
3. select.
4. mesh
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chordal deviation

1. max elem size = 30.000.
2. surfs >> by collector >> max size ctrl.
3. select.
4. mesh
2-D
HyperMesh qualityindex
HyperMesh QI automesh, smooth,

qualityindex
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1: 2-D
planar.hm
Step 1: , planar.hm
Step 2:
qualityindex
qualityindex
1. qualityindex
Mesh Check, Elements Quality Index
2D qualityindex
comp.Q.I.= 71.09
2. node optimize
node optimize

comp. Q.I
3. element optimize
element optimize

comp. Q.I
4. return
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Step 3: Resetting the part by remeshing

smooth
1. automesh
2D automesh
2. size and bias
3.
4.
previous settings
automatic.
5. mesh.

6. return automesh
Step 4: Using QI optimization smoothing

smooth qualityindex
1. smooth
Mesh Cleanup Elements Smooth
2D smooth
2. plates
3. elems >> displayed.
4. Algorithm QI optimization. ( autodecide.)
5.
Controls
target quality index QI

time limit

feature angle smooth

use current criteria Q.I.
recursive single optimization step recursive

optimization optimization procedure
procedure single optimization step
single optimization step
6. smooth.
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HyperMesh QI
7. continue.
status approximate quality index=0.10. 71.09

quality index 71.09
8. return.
Step 5: Using the QI settings in the automesh

automesh quality index
1. automesh
2. QI Optimize
3.
4.
elem size= 18.
mesh type: quads.
smooth automesh QI optimized

Controls
use current criteria Q.I.

in QI panel
Smooth across
common edges
feature angle smooth

Break connectivity
5. mesh.

6. return.
7. qualityindex
1. qualityindex
2. comp. Q.I.= = 0.10 71.09
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post-batch
Batch Mesher CAD

Batch Mesher
Batch Mesher
washer
quality index (QI) QI

QI
hm
Tools
Batch Mesher
Start Programs, Altair HyperWorks 10.0, Batch Mesher.

hw_batchmesh (~altairhome\hm\batchmesh\hw_batchmesh).
UNIX Batch Mesher

hw_batchmesh hw_batchmesh -nogui GUI

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Step 1: Batch Mesher

1. Start Programs, Altair HyperWorks 10.0, Batch Mesher.
Input Model Directory folder ( )
(
2. <installation_directory>\tutorials\hm directory.)
Output Directory folder ( ) .hm
3.
select files, .
4.
Type of Geometry CAD HyperMesh
5. HyperMesh
HyperMesh
( CTRL )part1.hm, part2.hm
6. bm_housing.hm.
7. Select.
Step 2: Define a configuration for the batch mesh run

1. Configurations ( configurations)
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2. Add Entry, .
3. Mesh Type mesh type
Criteria File Find Criteria Param File, .

4.
bm_housing.criteria. (
5. <installation_directory>\tutorials\hm )
Parameter File Find Criteria Param File, .

6.
bm_housing.param. (
7. <installation_directory>\tutorials\hm .)
Run Setup
Step 3: User Procedures set up a simple script to perform

a tetramesh on the housing
1. Add Entry,
TCL File Find TCL File, .

2.
bm_housing.tcl. (
3. <installation_directory>\tutorials\hm )
4. TCL Procedure tet_all.
5. Name (tetmesh).
Run Setup post-batch
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Step 4: On the Run Setup tab, begin defining a configuration for the
batch mesh run.
1. Mesh Type
bm_housing.hm: Step 2
part1.hm: use 8mm auto.
part2.hm: use 8mm auto.
2. Post-Mesh bm_housing.hm Step 3 (tetmesh)
3. Submit
Submit At job
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Run Status Working Pending

Done
4. Working Details
Batch Mesher QI
5. Done Load Mesh HyperMesh
6. Run Details
Batch Mesher config

Run Status Load Mesh
Step 5 ():
1. Configurations
2. Mesh Type
3. Edit File.
Criteria and Parameter Editor
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Criteria
QI
Parameters
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133
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134
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Meshing a Model Using Shrink Wrap -

HM-3150
shell shrink wrap

shell shrink wrap
solid shrink wrap
Shrink Wrap
: Meshing a Model Using Shrink Wrap

shrink wrap
shrink wrap
wrap
shrink wrap ( wrap ) 2-D 3-D
shrink wrap shrink wrap (

2-D 3-D)
automesh shrink wrap

( shrink wrap
)
shrink wrap
shrink wrap shrink
wrap
shrink wrap -
generate solid mesh
shrinkwrap.hm
<installation_directory>\tutorials\hm
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Step 1: shrinkwrap.hm
Step 2: loose_gap shell shrink wrap

1. Shaded Geometry Surface Edges
2.
3. Mesh Create Shrink Wrap Mesh

4. loose
5.
6. element size=4
7. mesh shrink wrap
8. Model browser Component
9. surfaces
10. return
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Step 3:
1. Model browser block
2.
3. Model browser block
Step 4: loose shell shrink wrap

1. Model browser loose_gap
2. loose Make Current
3. Mesh Create Shrink Wrap Mesh
4. loose
5. comps block
6. element size=10
7. mesh
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8. reject
9. element size 5.
10. reject
11. element size 3.
12. mesh
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The shrink wrap mesh with the geometry hidden
13. reject
Step 5: tight_shell shell shrink wrap

1. Model browser loose
2. tight_shell Make Current.
3. Shrink Wrap tight
4. comps block
5. element size = 3.
6. mesh
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Step 6: tight_solid tight solid shrink wrap

1. Model browser tight_shell
2. tight_solid Make Current
3. generate solid mesh
4. comps block
5. minimum jacobian 1
6. mesh
7. reject
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8. minimum jacobian 0.7.

9. mesh shrinkwrap.
10. Mask
11. elems.
12. SHIFT +
13. mask
14. return
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Step 7 (): minimum jacobian 0.3

1.
2. comps block
3. minimum jacobian 0.3.
4. mesh
3-D Elements
Creating a Hex-Penta Mesh using Surfaces - HM-3210
Creating a Hexahedral Mesh using the Solid Map Function - HM-3220
CFD Mesh - HM-3230
CFD Mesh - HM-3240
CFD Mesh - HM-3250
CFD Mesh Plane 2-D Meshing with Boundary Layers - HM-3260
Using the TetraMesh Process Manager - HM-3270
Volume tetra mesher

Standard tetra mesher
tetra

HyperMesh volume tetra mesher
standard tetra mesher
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tetramesh
A region is considered enclosed if it is entirely
bounded by a shell mesh (tria or quad elements) where each element has material on one side
and open space on the other
Step 1:
housing.hm
cover
Step 2: volume tetra mesher cover

1. tetramesh feature
Mesh CreateTetra Mesh
3D tetramesh
2. volume tetra
3. surfs

4. 2D trias 3D: tetras.

5. use curvature use proximity
6. element size= 10.
7. mesh
8. shaded elements ( ).
9. volume tetra mesher
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volume tetra equilateral triangles (2D: trias)
10. reject
Step 3: Use the volume tetra mesher and right triangles to create a tetra
mesh for the cover
tetramesh / volume tetra
1.
2. 2D R-trias.
3. mesh
2D: R-trias (90-45-45 )
5. 2D: trias (60-60-60 )
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volume tetra (2D: R-trias)
6. reject
Step 4: volume tetra mesher

volume tetra
1.
2. use curvature.
use curvature

3. elem feature ang = 30.
4. min element size = 1.0.
5. mesh tetra
6.
8. fillets
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volume tetra use curvature
9. reject
Step 5: Use the volume tetra mesher to create a tetra mesh with more
elements around small features
volume tetra
1.
2. use proximity
use proximity

3. mesh tetra
4.
volume tetra mesher
5.
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volume tetra use curvature use proximity
6. return
Step 6: Prepare the display to tetra mesh the hub component using
the standard tetra mesher
1. Model browser
2. hub
3. Model browser
4. hub tetras
hub tetras
5. return
Step 7 ():
edges check elems
1. edges
Mesh Check Components Edges
Tool edges
2. comps hub tria.
3. find edges.
status "No edges found. Selected elements may enclose a volume."
tetra mesher
4. return
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5. check elements
Menu Bar MeshCheckElementCheck Elements
Tool check elems
6. 2-d
7. aspect 5
Aspect ratio
hub Aspect ratio 5

8. 20 tria (trias: min angle)
Hub 20

9. return
Step 8: standard tetra mesher hub

1. Model browser tetras
2. 3D tetramesh
3. tetra mesh
4. select trias/quads to tetramesh comps hub
HyperMesh surface triads tetra

sub-step 5
() no fixed trias/quads fixed trias/quads
5. comps
6. mesh
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Step 9: hub
1. Model browser tetras
2. check elems
3. 3-d
4. length
5
5. (tria faces: min angle)
tria face 10
6. tet collapse 0.3
tet collapse = 1
value =0
status tetra collapse 0.3
Step 10: tetra collapse 0.3

check elements
1. tet collapse 0.3 tet collapse
2. save failed
tetra collapse
3. return
4. mask
display Mask ( ).
F5
5. elems elems >> retrieve.
check elems
6. elems >> reverse.
7. mask
tetra collapse tetra

8. return
9. display unmask adjacent ( ).
10. unmask adjacent ( ) 2
unmask adjacent Tool

findfind attached
Step 11: hub tetra tetra collapse

1. tetramesh
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2. tetra remesh
4. remesh
()
5. return
6. check elems
7. tet collapse tetra collapse
status tetra collapse

8. return
Step 12 :
tetra tetra
Creating a Hex-Penta Mesh using

Surfaces - HM-3210
--Create solids using different functions

--Check and fix improper model connectivity
: Hex-Penta
arm_bracket.hm HyperMesh
IGES 1) 2)
3) 4) the boss
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Step 1:
arm_bracket.hm
Step 2: , L-
1. base
status comp
Model browser base Make Current
2. Model browser base
3. automesh
Mesh Create2D Automesh
2D automesh
L- Shaded Geometry and Surface
4. Edges( )
5. size and bias

6. automatic
7. element size = 10
8. element type quads.
9. mesh
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10. return
Step 3:
1. elem offset
2. solid layers
3. elems
4. number of layers = 5.
5. total thickness = 25.
6. offset+.
--Hex mesh on base
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Step 4:
1. Model browser arm_curve
2. F5 mask
3. elements >> by config hex8.
4. select entities.
hex8
5. elements >> by config penta6
6. select entities.
penta6
7. mask
8. return
Step 5:
spin
distance / 3 nodes
1. F4 distance
2. three nodes
3. N1

4.
5. N1 N2 N3
6. circle center
7. return
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Step 6: spin
1. arm_curve
2. spin
3. spin elems
4. elems >> by window L-
5. select entities.
Elements to select for spin function
6. angle = 90
7. x-axis (Y-Z ).
8. (B)
9. on spin = 24.
24
10. spin -.
11. return
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spin
Step 7:
1. faces
2. comps arm_curve
3. find faces.
3-D 2-D ^faces
^faces wireframe mode

arm_curve shaded mode
4. Shaded Elements & Mesh Lines
^faces
Step 8:
1. arm_straight ^faces
Step 9: Mesh the L-shaped set of surfaces between the arm_straight

and boss components
1. arm_straight
2. automesh
3. arm_straight boss
arm_straight
4. interactive.
5. mesh
6. density
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Densities to correspond to the mesh on the end face
7. mesh
8. return automesh
9. return
Step 10: linear solid

1. linear solid
Mesh Create3D ElementsLinear 3D
3D linear solid
2. from: elems ^faces
elems >> by face

to: elems arm boss
3. automesh
from: alignment: N1 10.2 "from elements"
4.
to: alignment: N1 10.4 "from element"
5. "to element"
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Example selection for alignment nodes --
6. density = 12.
7. solids
--Linear solid mesh
8. return
Step 11: boss

1. Model browser boss
Step 12: boss

1. boss
2. automesh
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3. boss
4. mesh
5.
Boss
6. mesh
7. return 2
Step 13: Project a node to the bottom face of the boss

1. project:
2. to line
3.
4. nodes >> duplicate.
5. to line boss top face
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--Projecting a node to a line
6. along vector: x- axis.

7. project
8. return
Step 14: Generate hexas for the boss using the solid map panel
1. solid map
Mesh CreateSolid Map Mesh
3D solid map
2. general
3. source geom: (none).
4. along geom: mixed.
5. along geom: mixed lines
6.
7. node path
8.
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13 boss arm_straight
boss
Along nodes for solid map
9. elems to drag: elems >> by collector boss

10. destination geom: surf boss
11. mesh.
--Completed mesh of the arm bracket
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12. return
Step 15 ():
1. faces
2. comps
3. comps >> all.
4. faces
5. find faces.
6. Model browser
7. ^faces
8. return
9. Post hidden line ( F1)
10. cutting
11. xz plane trim plane
12. fill plot

13.
boss arm connectivity

Hidden line view of faces
14. return
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Step 16 (): Correct the connectivity of the model

1. ^faces
2. solidmap
3. faces
5. preview equiv.
arm boss
6. tolerance = preview equiv
7. 16.6 60
8. equivalence.
ID .
9.
Step 17 (): connectivity

Step 16 Step 16
Step 18 ():
3-D
Creating a Hexahedral Mesh using the

Solid Map Function - HM-3220

3-D
:
solid_map.hm.
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Step 1: , solid_map.hm
Step 2: Mesh the 1/8th sphere-shaped region
1. toolbar Shaded Geometry and Surfaces ( ).

2. solid map
Mesh Create Solid Map Mesh
3D solid map
3. one volume
4. along parameters: elem size= 1
5. r volume to mesh
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6. mesh.
7. toolbar Shaded Elements and Meshlines ( ).

8.
9. mesh.
10. return
Step 3: automesh
1. automesh
MeshCreate 2-D AutoMesh
F12
2.
164
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3. size and bias interactive.

6. mesh.
7. elem density = 4.
8. set all to.
4.
9. mesh.
10. return
Step 4: Step 3
1. MeshCreateSolid Map Mesh solid map
2. one volume
3.
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4. along parameters: elem size= density==10.

5. mesh.
6. automesh
Step 5:
solid map
1.
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2. source type: mixed.

3. Under along parameters:, toggle density= to elem size= and enter 1.5.
4. mesh.
5.
6. return
Step 6 ():
--Automated Solid Map Meshing
Mappable -
-
Step 7:
1. F2 delete
2.
3. delete entity.
4. return
Step 8: Use the mappable visualization mode
1. toolbar Shaded Geometry and Surfaces ( ).
2. geometry visualization Mappable ( ).
1-
3-
mappable () Preferences > Color
By mappable display control (solids)
ignored map
not mappable
1 dir. map ( 3-D )
3 dir. map ( 3-D )
3- 1-
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Step 9: multi-solid
1. Menu MeshCreatSolid Map Mesh solid map .
2.
3. source shell type mixed elem size= 1.
4. Mesh.
Step 10 ():
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CFD Mesh - HM-3230
CFD mesh CFD ( Fluent, StarCD)

Generate boundary layer type meshes with an arbitrary number of layers and thickness
distribution
/ CFD
FLUENT
FLUENT
Step 1:
1. toolbar open .hm ( ).

2. manifold_surf_mesh.hm
3. Open .hm
Step 2: CFD
1. Menu PreferencesUser Profiles.
2. CFD
3. OK
4.
/ wall

Step 3: wall, inlet, outlets

1. Tool edges wall, inlet outlets.
2. find edges.
status no edges were found

3. free edges T-connections.
4. find edges.
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Status "No T-connected edges were found."
Step 4: CFD
1. MeshCreatetetramesh Tetramesh
2. CFD mesh
3. smooth BL option

boundary layers
4. boundary layer tetrahedral core

number of layers = 5
first layer thickness = 0.5
growth rate= 1.1 ()
simple transition: ratio= 0.8 ((pyramids)
BL
Optimize mesh quality

interpolate (()).
simple transition BL
uses one pyramid element to transition from a BL hexahedrals quad face to the
tetrahedral core mesh.
0.3-0.8
5.
tetramesh panel

boundary layer
boundary layer only

^CFD_trias_for_tetramesh
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tetra meshinner core tetrahedral mesh
CFD_boundary_layer CFD_tetramesh_core

optimize mesh quality

6. interpolate.
elements/components boundary layers

7. float / fixed boundary layer selector
8. comps wall
elements/components float w/o boundary

9. layer
10. comps.
11. inlet outlets.
12. float w/o boundary layer switch remesh.
inlet outlets
13. mesh CFD
CFD_boundary_layer CFD_Tetramesh_core
Step 5:
1. F5
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Step 6:
CFD ( FLUENT, StarCD, CFX, )
FLUENT inflow, outflow, wall
You have selected two new names that are not already in your HyperMesh database and at
the same time are compatible with the prefixes required by FLUENT to recognize boundary
types according to their names.
You are going to reuse the surface mesh contained in collector wall because this mesh
remained unchanged by the CFD mesh process as this component was specified as fixed
with boundary layer. However, the surface areas associated with the original collectors inlet
and outlets have been completely regenerated and you need to create new components that
will be named inflow and outflow, respectively.
Step 7: fluid
1. CFD_Tetramesh_core fluid.
3-D
2. Tool organize CFD_boundary_layer fluid.
Step 8: fluid face

Tool faces ^faces fluid
Mesh Check ComponentsFaces
Step 9: 2 inflow outflow

inflow outflow
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Step 10: faces inflow outflow

^faces inflow outflow
1. Model browser ^faces
2. Toolorganize inlet/inflow ()
3. elements by face.
^faces inlet/inflow
inflow move^faces outlets
4. outflow
5. Model browser inflow outflow
Step 11: ^faces CFD_boundary_layer

1. ^faces wall
2. ^faces CFD_boundary_layer
Step 12: FLUENT

FLUENT fluid, inflow, outflow, wall
1.
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2. CFD Utility CFD I/O Fluent CAS/MSH files: Write.
3. .cas Yes
4. .cas -- manifold Save.
5. .cas No.
.cas /.msh
6. manifold.cas
7. OK.
Step 13: FLUENT

FLUENT manifold.cas FLUENT
1. FLUENT 3d 3ddp.
2. File Read Case....
3. manifold.cas.
4. OK.
FLUENT outflow, inflow, wall

and the 3-D volume zone fluid. Zone interior-* is automatically created by FLUENT
containing all the interior faces shared by two 3-D cells.
5. Define Boundary Conditions.
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Select zone inflow, and set the appropriate boundary condition such as mass-flow-inlet
6. and velocity inlet.
7. Change the boundary condition type for the remaining surface zones, outflow and wall.
HyperMesh allowed you to perform the most time consuming tasks of generating the volume
mesh and identifying the boundary zones. Now inside FLUENT the rest of the simulation tasks
can be executed easily.
: Boundary Layer Mesh with Distributed Thickness Ratio

The boundary layer type mesh generated in this tutorial was generated with uniform thickness.
This is OK for a model like this manifold as long as the total boundary layer thickness does not
lead to collision or interference that can occur when the sum of the BL thickness is close to or
larger than the distance separating boundary layer walls. When such collision or interference
occurs you have the following options:
A. Decrease the global boundary layer thickness (throughout / for all the BL surfaces)
Use distributed boundary layer thickness ratios on nodes or collectors/components. This
is a capability in HyperMesh that allows you to specify a local value of boundary layer
thickness by specifying the ratio of the local value to the global value. For example, if the
ratio specified on certain nodes or all the nodes belonging to a collector is equal to 0.1,
then the boundary layer thickness generated around those nodes will be only 10% of the
B. global boundary layer thickness.
The CFD User Profile has a tool (Utility, Generate Mesh: Generate BL Thickness) to
generate automatically distributed boundary layer thickness ratios at each node of the
surface mesh so that boundary layer collision is avoided when using the global or nominal
C. boundary layer thickness. The usage of this tool is explained in Tutorial HM-3240.
B BL
Step A: Prepare data to generate a CFD mesh (boundary layer and core
mesh) using a distributed boundary layer thickness.
wall_thinner_bl wall
1.
2. Tool edges wall, wall_thinner_bl, inlet outlets.

3. Find Edges no edges were found will appear
4. Utility Generate Mesh Volume CFD mesh
5. smooth BL
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This option is strongly recommended for most cases because it produces boundary layers
with more uniform thickness and better element quality.
6.
growth rate= 1.1 (This non-dimensional factor controls the change in layer thickness
from one layer to the next).
simple transition: ratio= 0.8 (This is a non-dimensional scaling factor that controls the
relative height of the pyramids generated on top of the last quad face of all hexahedral BL
elements).
The default simple transition uses one pyramid element to transition from a BL
hexahedrals quad face to the tetrahedral core mesh. The ratio is the relative thickness of
the transition layer as compared with the average size of the elements. The larger this
7. ratio the thicker is the transition layer. In general a value in the range 0.3-0.8 works well.
8. Now you will select the type of tetrameshing algorithm.
There are four options available; the first three options are described in the tetramesh
panel documentation.
tetra mesh normally
optimize mesh speed
optimize mesh quality
boundary layer only
The last option, boundary layer only, is available to generate the boundary layer alone
and stop before generating the tetrahedral core. This option modifies adjacent surface
meshes to reflect changes introduced by the boundary layer thickness, and creates a
collector named ^CFD_trias_for_tetramesh, that is used to generate the inner core
tetrahedral mesh using the tetramesh sub-panel.
Collectors CFD_boundary_layer and CFD_tetramesh_core are automatically created if

they do not exist. However, if these collectors exist they should be empty collectors. For
most cases it is best to select the optimize mesh quality option.
9. tetrahedral core interpolate.
This avoids the problem of generating tetrahedral elements that are too large at the center
of the core mesh.
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Step B: Define a distributed boundary layer thickness on certain

components
1. switch distributed thickness
distributed thickness
2. Nodes Components
3. Components.
4. Select Components wall_thinner_bl.
5. 0.3 Assign.
Notice that the summary message now indicates the number of BL thickness ratio loads on
components:
BL
6. Contours of BL Thickness Ratio contour
Press contour to inspect the distribution of BL Thickness Ratio on the surface of your
domain. At any time you can go back to the CFD mesh panel by clicking on Back to CFD
7. mesh panel.
Select all the elements/components that define the surface area on which you need to
generate boundary layers. This selection is done with the float / fixed with boundary
8. layer selector.
9. comps wall wall_thinner_bl.
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Select all the elements/components that define the surface area on which you do not
want to generate boundary layers. This selection is done with the float w/o boundary
10. layer selector.
11. comps inlet outlets.
The switch below float w/o boundary layer selector is set to remesh. This means that the
meshes in the zones defined by collectors inlet and outlets will be remeshed after being
deformed by the boundary layer growth from adjacent surface areas.
12. mesh CFD
2 CFD_boundary_layer CFD_Tetramesh_core
Inspect the relative size of the boundary layer thickness by masking some of the elements
as shown in the following image. This image shows that the BL thickness on component
13. wall_thinner_bl is only 30% of the global BL thickness.
The manual approach followed previously is useful when you need to reduce the BL
thickness throughout a component, or at a clearly identified group of nodes.
When you have a very complicated geometry and BL collision is likely to occur, the best
approach is to use a tool available in the CFD User Profile (Utility, Generate Mesh:
Generate BL Thickness) to generate automatically distributed boundary layer thickness
ratios at each node of the surface mesh. This tool performs a collision study and assigns a
BL thickness ratio to each node of the surface mesh that requires a reduction of the
baseline BL thickness to avoid collision. Usage of this tool is explained in Tutorial
HM-3240.
The previous steps illustrate simple and effective steps to reduce the BL thickness on surface
components. This approach is very easy to use and effective when you know how much you
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want to increase or decrease the BL thickness all over a component. A similar approach is
followed to increase/decrease BL thickenss on groups of nodes.
See also:
CFD Mesh - HM-3240
Generate meshes for Moldflows Flow3D and most CFD codes (e.g. Acusolve, CFD++,
CFX, Fluent, StarCD) using the CFD mesh sub-panel.
Generate boundary layer type meshes with an arbitrary number of layers and thickness
distribution.
Generate automatically a distributed thickness distribution to prevent boundary layer
interference / collision in zones where the distance between opposing walls is too small to
accommodate the baseline or nominal boundary layer thickness.
Step 1: CFD
1. Menu Preferences User Profiles.
2. CFD.
3. OK.
Step 2:
1. toolbar Open .hm File ( ).

2. tutorials\hm molding1.hm
3. Open HM --
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4.
The boundary mesh can have any combination of tria/quad elements. You will want to
generate boundary layers on all the surface elements contained in collector wall.
Step 3: wall
1. Tool edges.
2. wall.
3. find edges.

4. find edges.
status No T-connected edges were found.
Step 4: Generate a BL distributed thickness loading to prevent

boundary layer interference.
CFD Utility CFD mesh Generate Mesh Generate BL
1. Thickness.
Generate Boundary Layer distributed thickness values Add
2. collectors with surface elements
components selection
3. wall proceed
4. Boundary Layer options
Specify that you want to generate 3 layers with a first layer thickness value 0.5 and a
growth rate value 1.0. All layers will have the same thickness (except for mesh
1. smoothing operations such as hyperbolic smoothing at corners).
Specify a Minimum Tetrahedral Core / Boundary Layer thickness ratio value 0.5.
This means that in areas where there is not enough room to grow the nominal BL (3 layers
of 0.5 each), the boundary layers thickness will be reduced so that the tetrahedral core
thickness is at least 0.5 times the total boundary layer thickness, except for mesh
smoothing operations such as hyperbolic smoothing at corners, and convex/concave
2. areas.
3. Bound Layer thickness at corners, is a coefficient that controls the hyperbolic
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growth where walls make an angle. The smaller this value is, the thinner the total BL
thickness in such areas is.
Now you are ready to generate the Distributed BL Thickness loading. Make sure that
none of the elements specified in the boundary collectors are masked. If they are masked
an error message will indicate that there is a discrepancy between the total number of
elements in the components and the tria3/quad4 elements found. If you have masked
5. elements, you can access mask (F5), and press unmask all.
Click Generate Distributed BL Thickness Ratio.
If the model already contains boundary layer thickness ratios, then a pop-up message box
will ask you if you want to keep such loading or if you want to delete them. Most of the time
you will want to clear the existing boundary layer thickness ratios; press Yes. In some
special cases you may want to keep them, if more than one loading value is specified at a
1. node, the minimum value is used when generating the mesh.
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distributed boundary layer thickness

6. values^CFD_BL_Thickness
CFD mesh () distributed thickness CFD mesh

7. Generate Boundary Layer distributed thickness values Close
Step 5: Generate the boundary layer and tetrahedral core mesh

1. Utility Menu Generate MeshVolume CFD mesh
2. smooth BL
Select the same boundary layer options used before when generating the distributed BL
3. thickness ratio:
growth rate= 1.0 (This non-dimensional factor controls the change in layer thickness
from one layer to the next).
BL quad transition= all prisms (prism to all layers) This means that if there are any
quad elements in the surface mesh, those will be split into two trias each so that there is
no need to transition from quad faces to tria faces when transitioning from the last
boundary layer to the tetrahedral core. This option is very important when there are quad
elements on areas with (low) distributed BL thickness atio, because in such areas the
thickness of the transition elements (e.g., simple pyramid) was not taken into account
when doing the interference study to assign distributed BL thickness ratio to those
elements.
The last two options control the tetrahedral core mesh. Optimize mesh quality is the
tetrahedral mesh generation algorithm, and interpolate is the grow rate, which means to
interpolate the tetrahedral element size from the size on the surface mesh (boundary of
the tetrahedral core volume).
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generate boundary layers. This selection is done in the float / fixed with boundary layer
4. selector.
: whenever possible set the switch to float with boundary layer instead of fixed with
boundary layer, as using float will allow diagonal swapping which leads to enhanced
volume element quality.
5. comps wall.
6. select.
distributed thickness mesh CFD_boundary_layer
7. CFD_Tetramesh_core 2 Yes
CFD_boundary_layer CFD_Tetramesh_core.
8. return
Step 6: Mask elements to inspect the boundary layers thickness on

thinner areas.
1. F5 mask
2.
3. mask.
BL BL
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Step 7: Generate a pure tetrahedral mesh for moldflow.

You need to generate a mesh consisting of tetrahedral elements only, therefore you need to
split all the penta / wedge elements into tetras.
1. 3D split
2. solid elements
3. switch split into tetras.
5. CFD_boundary_layer.
6. select.
7. split.
Now you have a mesh consisting of tetrahedral elements only.
The objective of this tutorial is to illustrate how you can generate very thin boundary layers
without interference. However, such thin boundary layers can lead to element with a high
aspect ratio if the size of the surface mesh is not small enough. If you need to limit the
tetrahedral elements aspect ratio (e.g., < 5), then you need to use a fine enough mesh on the
wall component so that thin boundary layers do not produce high aspect ratio elements. For
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example, in this case, the minimum value of tetra collapse of all tetrahedral core elements was
0.2, but after you split the BL penta / wedge elements into tetras, the minimum value of tetra
collapse of all tetrahedral elements becomes 0.04. This occurs because the BL penta
elements are thin compared to their triangular face area size.
HyperMesh allowed you to generate high-quality boundary layer meshes on parts with very
thin walls. To accomplish this you first need to use the CFD utility Generate Distributed BL
Thickness Ratio to generate load collector ^CFD_BL_Thickness. This load collector is then
used by the CFD mesh sub-panel when you enable distributed thickness. As shown in the
cross-sectional images, the mesh is very smooth and is of excellent quality.
CFD Mesh - HM-3250
Mesh generation in domains bounded by surfaces that are very close to one another in
some areas.
CFD mesh CFD ( Acusolve, CFD++, CFX, Fluent, StarCD,

SC/Tetra)
Generate boundary layer type meshes with arbitrary number of layers and thickness
distribution in domains defined by surfaces that are very close to one another in some
areas. More specifically, in some areas the clearance or separation of bounding surfaces
is not enough to accommodate the user specified nominal boundary layer thickness.
Generate a distributed thickness loading that prevents boundary layer interference /
collision in zones where the distance between opposing walls is too small to accommodate
the baseline or nominal boundary layer thickness.
Step 1: CFD u
2. CFD.
3. OK.
Step 2:
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1. Open .hm File ( ).

2. tutorials\hm manifold_inner_cylinder.hm
3. Open
4.
You would like to generate boundary layers on all the surface elements contained in
components wall and wall_cyl. However, there is an area close to the end of wall_cyl
where the clearance between wall and wall_cyl is very small. This can be easily observed
in this case by changing the visibility of component wall as shown, following.
In more complex models it is not possible to visually identify all the zones where there is
not enough space to growth the baseline or nominal boundary layer as specified in terms
of the number of layers, first layer thickness and growth rate. This is not a problem
because the automatic distributed thickness loading computation takes into account all
possible interference cases. This is demonstrated in this tutorial.
Step 3:
1. Tool edges.
2. edges inlet, outlets, wall wall_cyl.
3. find edges.

5. find edges.
status No T-connected edges were found.
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Step 4: Generate a BL distributed thickness loading to prevent boundary

layer interference.
CFD Utility MenuCFD mesh Generate Mesh Generate BL
1. Thickness.
Generate Boundary Layer distributed thickness values Add
2. collectors with surface elements.
selection
inlet, outlets, wall wall_cyl proceed.
3. Generate BL Thickness
Bound Type You want to generate a boundary layer

from components wall and wall_cyl, therefore, you will leave wall as their Bound Type,
but you need to change the Bound Type of components inlet, outlets to in/outlet as
4. shown, following:
:
A component with Bound Type: wall indicates that you are going to generate a boundary
layer mesh on the component later on when you generate the mesh with the CFD mesh
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sub-panel. Therefore, in the CFD mesh sub-panel the same component should be
consistently specified in the comps selector fixed or float with boundary layer.
A component with a Bound Type: slip, symmetry, in/outlet, or farfield indicates that you
are NOT going to generate a boundary layer mesh on the component. Therefore later on
when you generate the mesh with CFD mesh sub-panel this component should be
consistently specified in the comps selector fixed or float w/o boundary layer.
5. Boundary Layer options
Specify that you want to generate 5 layers with a first layer thickness value 0.5 and a
growth rate value 1.2. All layers will have the same thickness except in areas affected by
the distributed thickness loading and also mesh smoothing operations such as
1. hyperbolic smoothing at corners.
Specify a Minimum Tetrahedral Core / Boundary Layer thickness ratio value 2.0.
This means that in areas where there is not enough room to grow the nominal BL (5 layers
starting with a thickness of 0.5 and increasing with a grow rate of 1.2), the boundary layers
thickness will be reduced so that the tetrahedral core thickness is approximately at least
2.0 times the total boundary layer thickness, except for mesh smoothing operations such
2. as hyperbolic smoothing at corners and convex/concave areas.
The last option, Bound Layer thickness at corners, is a coefficient that controls the
hyperbolic growth where walls make an angle. The smaller this value is, the thinner the
total BL thickness is in such areas; values less than 1 produce thinner layers and values
3. greater than 1 produce thicker layers.
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Now you are ready to generate the Distributed BL Thickness loading. Make sure that
none of the elements specified in the boundary collectors are masked. If they are masked
an error message will indicate that there is a discrepancy between the total number of
elements in the components that you specified and the number of tria3/quad4 elements
found (displayed). If you have masked elements, you can use mask (F5), and press
unmask all.
6. Generate Distributed BL Thickness Ratio.
If the model already contains boundary layer thickness ratios, then a pop-up message box
will ask you if you want to keep such loads or if you want to clear/discard them. Most of the
time you will want to clear the existing boundary layer thickness ratios; press Yes. In some
special cases you may want to keep them, if more than one loading value is specified for a
node, the minimum value is used when generating the mesh.
After a few seconds you will see a pop-up message indicating the number of Distributed
7. Boundary Layer Thickness Values included in collector ^CFD_BL_Thickness.
Note: This is the collector name automatically used by the CFD mesh sub-panel when you
enable (button becomes green) distributed thickness in the CFD mesh sub-panel as
shown in the following image:
8. Generate Boundary Layer distributed thickness values Close
Step 5: boundary layer tetrahedral core

Utility (CFD ) Generate Mesh Volume CFD mesh
1.
2. smooth BL
Select the same boundary layer options used before when generating the distributed BL
3. thickness ratio:
growth rate= 1.2 (-)
BL quad transition= all prisms (prism to all layers). This means that if there are any
quad elements in the surface mesh, those will be split into two trias each so that there is
no need to transition from quad faces to tria faces when transitioning from the last
boundary layer to the tetrahedral core. This option is very important when there are quad
elements on areas with (low) distributed BL thickness ratio, because in such areas the
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thickness of the transition elements (e.g., simple pyramid) was not taken into account
when doing the interference study to assign distributed BL thickness ratio to those
elements.
The last two options control the tetrahedral core mesh. Optimize mesh quality is the
tetrahedral mesh generation algorithm, and interpolate the tetrahedral grow rate, (this
interpolates the tetrahedral element size from the size on the surface mesh (boundary of
the tetrahedral core volume)).
generate boundary layers. This selection is done in the float / fixed with boundary layer
4. selector. Click comps and select collectors: wall and wall_cyl, and then click select.
Note: Whenever possible set the switch to float with boundary layer instead of fixed with
boundary layer, as using float will allow diagonal swapping which leads to enhanced
volume element quality.
5. Switch to distributed thickness, (button in previous image becomes green).

Select all the elements/components that define the surface area on which you do NOT
want to generate boundary layers. This selection is done in the float / fixed w/o boundary
layer selector. Click comps and select collectors: inlet and outlets, and then click select.
As before, whenever possible set the switch to float with boundary layer instead of fixed
6. with boundary layer.
Note the switch set to remesh below the float / fixed w/o boundary layer selector. This
means that the surface meshes associated with those components will be remeshed or
rebuilt after shrinking due to boundary layer growth from adjacent boundary layer
7. components.
Click mesh to generate the mesh. If collectors CFD_boundary_layer and
CFD_Tetramesh_core are present, you will be asked if you want to delete the elements in
8. those collectors. Almost always you select Yes.
When this task is finished two collectors are created: CFD_boundary_layer and
CFD_Tetramesh_core.
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Step 6:
xz Left Plane View ( ).

1.
2. F5 mask
Select elements to be masked by pressing SHIFT and the left mouse
3. button, then move the cursor so that the rubber band covers the upper half of the model.
4. mask.
5. xy Top Plane View.
Zoom in into the area where the bounding surfaces come close together. The following
6. image illustrates how BL interference has been avoided by reducing the BL thickness.
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Step 7: Arrange volume and surface components before exporting the

mesh for CFD solvers.
First you need to put in the same component all the elements that represent a single fluid
and/or solid domain. In this case you have a single fluid domain, therefore you proceed as
follows:
CFD_Tetramesh_core Model browser

1. CFD_Tetramesh_core Rename, fluid.
2. CFD_boundary_layer fluid.
1. CFD User Profile Organize
Tool organize.
3. CFD_boundary_layer .
4. select.
5. dest collecctor = fluid.
6. move.
Now you have all the volume elements in component fluid. The surface mesh of this
component is typically different from the surface mesh that was used to define the
boundary of the domain. For this reason, and to have consistent surface zones to impose
boundary conditions in most CFD solvers, you are going to create new boundary
components that will be used when exporting the mesh for the CFD solver of your choice.
To accomplish this you first extract the surface mesh of component fluid. You do this by
3. generating the surface elements with the CFD user profile.
fluid find faces.
^faces
() to place the elements from ^faces so that when these components are later
4. exported, they can be used to set a boundary condition in your CFD solver.
1. Model browser Component Create.
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2. wall_exterior.
3. Card image None.
4. Create.
Repeat this process to create empty components with names wall_cylinder,
5. inlet_annulus, and outlets3.
Move the elements from component ^faces into the newly created components. This is
done for clarity; however, most of the time you create one fewer component and you
rename ^faces which retains the remaining elements after you move elements to the
newly created surface components. Access the Organize sub-panel using the CFD User
5. Profile.
6. dest= wall_exterior
7. elems switch by face.
This will recursively select all the elements attached to the picked element as long as the
adjacent elements are within a break angle less or equal to the value specified in the
feature angle field (Preferences Geometry Options mesh ).
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The surface mesh in ^faces is such that the zones that you want to organize/move make
an angle close to 90 degrees and their boundaries, therefore this is a very easy job to do
with a default feature angle of 20 or 30 degrees.
Having selected all the elements that should go to component wall_exterior, press button
8. move.
Select dest= outlets3 and pick at least one element on each one of the three separate
9. outlets as shown in the following image.

Having the elements on the three outlets selected press move and those elements are
11. moved to component outlets3.
12. dest= inlet_annulus
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14. inlet annulus move inlet_annulus
Now that all the remaining elements in component ^faces are the elements that you want
to move to component wall_cylinder.
15. dest= wall_cylinder.
16. elems switch by component.
17. ^faces.
18. select.
19. move.
wall_cylinder
more often than not it is easier to rename/recolor component ^faces.

Verify that only the components that you want to export are displayed. All other
components should NOT be displayed, as illustrated in the following image of the Model
20. browser.
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Now you can access the CFD I/O section of the CFD User Profile. Select the CFD file
format of your choice (such as Acusolve, CFD++, CFX, CGNS, Fluent, or StarCD) to
21. export the grid or mesh.
: solvers like Acusolve and FLUENT have certain requirements when the domain
contains different fluids and/or solids. This is described in other sections of the HyperMesh
Help system.
HyperMesh allowed you to generate high-quality boundary layer meshes on parts where the
clearance or separation of the bounding surfaces is not enough to accommodate the user
specified nominal boundary layer thickness. To accomplish this you first used the CFD utility
Generate Distributed BL Thickness Ratio to generate load collector ^CFD_BL_Thickness.
This load collector is then used by the CFD mesh sub-panel when you enable distributed
thickness. As shown in the cross-sectional images, the mesh is very smooth, free of collisions,
and is of excellent quality.
CFD Mesh Plane 2-D Meshing with

Boundary Layers - HM-3260
2-D Boundary Layer Mesh generation in domains bounded by edges
Generate 2-D boundary layer type meshes with an arbitrary number of layers and
thickness distribution in domains defined by edges.
Generate 2-D boundary layer type meshes in areas where the clearance or separation of
bounding edges is not enough to accommodate the user specified nominal boundary layer
thickness / number or layers.
Step 1:
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1. Menu FileOpen.
<installation_directory>\tutorials\hm
2. manifold_inner_cylinder_2d.hm
3. Open
4. Inspect the edges elements that will be used to generate the volume mesh.
The boundary mesh should only consist of PLOTEL (elem type) elements. You want to
generate boundary layers on all the edges contained in the collectors called wall and inner
wall.
Step 2: CFD
1. Menu Preferences User Profiles.
2. CFD.
3. OK.
Step 3: Check that all the elements in collectors wall, inner wall, inlet, and
outlets define a closed loop. (This step is for information only; it is
optional for this tutorial).
Usually, this step is not necessary because the collectors containing edge elements
(PLOTEL) are extracted from 2-D surface meshes that naturally have free edges forming
closed loops. However, there is a possibility that there may be duplicate nodes, and for this
reason it is advisable to perform the following test:
1. Tool edges.
2. comps.
3. wall, inner wall, Inlet, Outlet.
4. select.
5. Ensure that the tolerance value is smaller than the minimum element length.
1. Mesh CheckElementsCheck Elements.
2. 1-d.
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3. length.
3.09 3
6. Preview Equiv status 0 nodes were found
Step 4: 2-D BL
1. Tab area Utility
2. CFD Mesh
Generate Mesh Plane 2D mesh fom edges Generate 2D Boundary
3. Layer Mesh
4. Set the default values to be assigned when adding collectors:

1st Layer Thickness = 0.5
Growth Rate = 1.1 (This non-dimensional factor controls the change in layer thickness
from one layer to the next)
Bound Type = Wall (Will generate a boundary layer mesh)
Number of boundary layers = 6 ( value must be >= 0, as a zero value leads to no
boundary layers even when Wall type is specified)
5. Add collector.
6. edges comps.
7.
8. select.
9. proceed.
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Generae 2D Boundary Layer Mesh Component

Default values of boundary layer mesh (1st Layer Thickness, Growth Rate, and Bound
Type) will be assigned to each component. To remove one or more components from the
group, select those components from the list and press Remove.
Generate 2D Boundary Layer Mesh Inlet Outlet
10. In/Outlet Bound Type
The objective is to not generate boundary layers along the Inlet and Outlet components.
11. Generate 2D BL Mesh
2DBLMesh 2DcoreMesh

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components with Bound type In/Outlet will be remeshed based on the

adjacent elements size. The two following figures illustrate the case where an inlet/outlet is
defined with a single large element, after meshing the element size in this area has been
reduced to obtain a smooth element size transition, leading to and excellent mesh quality.
Step 6:
Often it may happen that boundary layer elements will have bad quality due to high aspect
ratio. Such elements are created because of the large boundary edge length as shown in the
following image.
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This problem can be resolved by limiting the maximum perimeter elements aspect ratio. The
maximum boundary elements aspect ratio can be achieved using two approaches:
By addition of new nodes on the boundary / perimeter.
By node movement on the boundary / perimeter.
1. Allow boundary node insertion
Refine the boundary edges by insertion of nodes on boundary edges. New node insertion
is controlled by the specified maximum perimeter element aspect ratio.
Or
Activate the Allow boundary node movement checkbox.
This option is used to move boundary nodes along the original boundary. Boundary node
movement is controlled by the specified maximum perimeter element aspect ratio.
Enter the maximum perimeter element aspect ratio as shown in the following image:
2DBLMesh 2DcoreMesh then a pop-up message will ask you if

you want to delete components 2DBLMesh and 2DCoreMesh before mesh creation or if
you want to add newly created elements to the same collectors. Most of the time you will
want to clear the existing mesh: click Yes. In some special cases you may want to keep
them.
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When this task is finished, two collectors 2DBLMesh and 2DCoreMesh are updated with
new elements as shown in the following image:
3. F10 2D
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When the perimeter has sharp angles as shown in the following image, triangular elements
are added to the boundary mesh to achieve a smoother transition of element sizes, and
mesh smoothing also contributes to increase the mesh quality.
Also note that the automatic mesh generator performs a collision detection and avoids
boundary layer interference by reducing the boundary layer thickness, as shown in the
following inset:
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Step 7: Use a distributed boundary layer thickness to generate

a boundary layer and core
The boundary layer type mesh generated in this tutorial was generated with uniform thickness.
This is OK for a model like this manifold as long as the total boundary layer thickness does not
lead to collision or interference that can occur when the sum of the BL thickness is close to or
larger than the distance separating opposite walls. When such collision or interference occurs
you have the following options:
Decrease the global boundary layer thickness (throughout / for all the BL edges).
Decrease locally the boundary layer thickness (BL edges around critical zones only).
Decrease locally the boundary layer thickness.

1. Generate 2D Boundary Layer Mesh Reject
2DBLMesh 2DCoreMesh
2. Close
Create new components (empty) to place the PLOTEL elements at critical zone (area
where boundary layer elements may lead to collision).
3. Model browser
4. Component Create.
5. wall_critical.
6. Card image = none.
7. Create.
8. Tool organize
Select the boundary edges (PLOTEL) around the area where boundary layer elements
9. may lead to collision. Refer to the following image for element selection.
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dest group/dest component dest componenet = wall_critical

10.
11. move PLOTEL
12. Tab area Utility

13. CFD Mesh
14. Generate Mesh Plane 2D mesh from edges.
Generate 2D Boundary Layer Mesh

15. Add collector.
16. edges comps.
17. 5
18. select.
19. proceed.
wall_critical
20. wall_critical 1st First Layer Thickness 0.4.
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2DBLMesh 2DcoreMesh
Now you can zoom in around component wall_critical and notice how boundary layer
interference has been avoided by reducing the total boundary layer thickness as shown in
22. the following image:
In this tutorial you generated 2-D meshes with boundary layers on a complex cross section.
You obtained a high quality mesh by allowing boundary node insertion and movement.
HyperMesh automatically cuts back the number of layers when boundary layer collision occurs,
thus producing a consistent mesh even in narrow areas. In narrow passages you can also
reduce the total boundary layer thickness by starting with a smaller first layer thickness and/or
a smaller growth rate.
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Using the TetraMesh Process Manager -

HM-3270
TetraMesh Process Manager

HM

()

2-D
2-D

Process Manager

Step 1: Process Manager

Menu MeshCreateTetraMesh ProcessCreate New Process
1. Manager
2. my_session
:

3.
4. Create
Step 2:
tab area TetraMesh Process tab TetraMesh Process Flow
Geometry Import Tetramesh Process Manager
Process Manager Task ( ) HyperMesh

HyperMesh Panel Process Manager
Process Manager
1. Import Type HM Model.
Open .hm File ( )

2. <installation_directory>\tutorials\hm\ tetmesh_pm.hm
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3. Import.
Geometry Import
Step 3:
Geometry Color Mode ( ) By Topo Shaded
1. Geometry ( ).
2. Edge Tools
3. Isolate.
--Isolated Surfaces with free edges.
4. Free Edges Equivalence.
Tolerance

5. Edge Tools Isolate
No edges found
6. Display All.
7. ACCEPT.
Geometry Cleanup
Step 4:
1. + ( )

2. D< 3.3
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0 3.3 Range
3. 5 10
HyperMesh 0 - 3.33.3 55 10
4. Auto Organize.
10
5. Model
solidholes +
Transparent view of model showing all holes and bores organized
6. TetraMesh Process
7. Num Circumference Elems 12
8. Longitudinal Elem Size 1
Num Circumference Elems Longitudinal Elem Size

9. ACCEPT.
Organize & Cleanup Holes
Step 5:
Mesh Type R-tria regular R-tria
union jack R-tria regular Mesh All. (R-tria union jack
1.
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2. ACCEPT.
Mesh Holes
Step 6:
1. + ( )
2. Define New Faces OK

3. 5
4. proceed.
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Faces that need to be picked
Organize grp_Faces
5. move return.
6. + ( )
7. Define New TopHole OK.
8.
: proceed HyperMesh

9. proceed.
10. Organize move return.
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11. ACCEPT.
Step 7: fillets
1. Components.
2.
3. proceed.
Min Radius =0 Max Radius=5 Suppress Fillet Tangent Edges
4.
5. Cleanup.

6. ACCEPT.
Step 8:
Step6
1. Faces Mesh Type trias.

2. Elem Size= 0.5.
3. TopHole Mesh Type R-tria union jack
4. Elem Size=0.5.
5. Mesh All.
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Union Jack
6.
7. ACCEPT.
Step 9:
1. ACCEPT.
Step 10: /
1. Element Size= 1.
2. Mesh Type trias.
3. Mesh.
4. ACCEPT.
Step 11:
1. Components.
2. proceed.
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(Min Size 0.25, Max FeatureAngle 60.0, Normals Angle

3. 150.0) AutoCleanup.

() Manual t-
4.
5. ACCEPT.
: Tetramesh Process Manager user mark

HyperMesh
Step 12:
Process Manager TetraMesh floatfixed

1. select trias/quads to tetra mesh elems.
general mesh selection

meaning that the diagonals of the underlying tetra elements can be flipped from the
generated shell elements if HyperMesh determines a better element quality will result.
2. fixed trias/quads elems.
fixed HyperMesh

3. mesh.
4. Tab area Model
5. Components
6. tetmesh
7. Isolate Only.
8. Mask ( ).
9. SHIFT
10. mask.
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Step 13 ():
1.
Quality
Checking and Editing Mesh - HM-3300

Penetration - HM-3320
Checking and Editing Mesh - HM-3300
cover.hm.
215
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Step 1: HyperMesh
<installation folder>\tutorials\hm cover.hm
Step 2:
1. edges
Menu MeshCheckComponents,Edges
Tool edges
SHIFT+F3
2. comps

3. find edges.
1-D ^edges 1-D

^
:
4. Shaded Elements and Mesh Lines ( ).

5. ()
6.
:
7. Model browser / shells
216
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8. shells.
Step 3: edges
1. tolerance= 0.01.
2.
3. preview equiv.
status "81 nodes were found."

4.
5. tolerance = 96
96
equivalence
F10 check elems 2-d length
217
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status The min length is 1.49< 1.49

return edges
preview equivalence
6. equivalence.
96
7.
8. delete edges.
^edges
: edges
Step 4:
1. find edges.
1-D ()
:
2. Model browser shells
3. delete edges
218
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Step 5:
1. normals normals
Menu Mesh Check Elements Normals
Tool normals
SHIFT+F10
2. elements toggle vector display normals.
3. comps
4. display normals.
()

5. size = display normals
size = 0 10%
6. Toggle vector display normals to color display normals.
7. display normals.

8.
9. orientation: elem
10.
11. adjust normals.
Status "[X] elements have been adjusted."
comps
elems reverse normals
12. return.
219
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Step 6: check elems

1. check elems
Menu MeshCheckElementsCheck Elements
Tool check elems
F10
2. 2-d
3. jacobian < 0.7.
4. jacobian jacobian 0.7.
jacobian 0.7
5. jacobian 0.7.
status
6.

7.
8. standard assign plot.
9. jacobian
A legend for jacobian jacobian

0.7
10. quads: min angle < 45.
11. min angle 45
12. 2 45.
13. max angle > 135.
14. max angle 135
15. 135.
16. return.
Step 7: automesh
1. automesh
Menu MeshCreate 2D AutoMesh
2D automesh
F12
2. size and bias
3. elems.
4. Toggle interactive.
5. element size= 3.5.
6. rib
7. 2
220
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Example of elements to select
8. elems >> by face
by face
9. mesh.

10. density rib 9
11. rib 5
12.
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13. mesh style

14. mesh method free (unmapped).
15. mesh method set all.
16. mesh
17. checks jacobian, quads: min angle, quads: max angle.
18.
2 jacobian 0.7 jacobian 0.68

19. return
Step 8: smooth
1. Mesh Cleanup ElementsSmooth Smooth
2. plates
3. smooth: elems
4. elems >> by face.
5. iterations = 10.
6. autodecide shape corrected.
7. smooth.
8. return.
Step 9: edit element tria split

combine
1. 2D edit element
2. split
3. splitting line: points
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4. delete line
5. split.
6. combine toggle combine to quad.

7.
8. combine
9. 11.7 11.8
10. edit element
223
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Trias to select Combining trias into quads
Step 10: Dynamically move nodes on the mesh area modified in the
previous step to improve element quality
1. cleanup displayed elems
2. cleanup
element cleanup /

Step 112
3. warpage jacobian max angle
4. 3
5. node
6. 12.4
7. return
Step 11: For the same area of elements you focused on in the previous
step, optimize element quality by clicking nodes and elements
1. 2D qualityindex
2. node optimize
qualityindex

3. element optimize
4.
qualityindex

()
()
5. return.
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Step 12: washer

Utility Utility Menu HyperMesh View
1. Utility Menu.
2. Geom/Mesh Add Washer.
3. nodes
Example node to select
4. proceed.
Add Washer along a Circular Hole

5. Toggle Width, Value =3.0.
6. Minimum number of nodes around the hole
7. Density: = 12.
Add Washer along a Circular Hole
8. Add.
9. Close.
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Resulting mesh around the smaller hole--
Step 13 ():
Go to HyperMesh tutorials
Penetration - HM-3320
penetration
Menu Mesh Check Components Penetration
Tool penetration
Penetration
elements, components groupsgroup

( Abaqus/LS-DYNA)
226
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Strategy
2-D 3-D 2-D 3-D

Include self interference

all interfacesIntersections only penetrations
only
allowable interference depth
uniform thickness
thickness multiplier
227
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2 11
(ID, Elems, Depth, Comps) IDs
()/
228
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tab
229
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Options ()
230
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penetration_check.hm
Step 1: , penetration_check.hm
1. Menu FileOpen....
2. penetration_check.hm Open.
4. LsDyna
LS-DYNA HyperMesh

5. OK
231
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Step 2:
1. penetration
2. comps
3. comps all select.
4. check.
Penetration 2 11

232
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// Rocker Fwd Top Panel

RH () Rocker Inner Panel RH ()
Rocker Inner Panel RH () Rocker Fwd Top Panel RH ()
one-to-one one-to-many
( Rocker Inner Panel RH)

Step 3:
1. Penetration Intersections
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Display Components with Failed Elements Fit View to Failed Elements

2.
3. Intersections Rocker Inner Panel RH
Review Failed Elements ( )

4.
Step 4:
HyperMesh 2
1. Intersections Rocker Fwd Top Panel RH.
234
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2. Manual Fix Tools ( )
3. Elements from Tree Selection

4. Move in Normal Direction
5. distance = 2.
6. 2
7. Recheck ( ) 11
"Current results will be lost by rechecking the model. Would you like to
continue?" Yespenetration
automatic
1. penetration_check.hm
2. penetration
3. comps
4. comps all select.
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5.
6. Penetration Intersections
2
Automatic Recursive Intersection Fix the wrenches
Automatic Recursive Intersection Fix Automatic
7. Intersection Fix ()
8. Recheck
Step 5:
1.
2. C-Pillar Bot Inner Panel RH.
3.
depth
(/)
C-Pillar Bot Inner Panel RH 18 (/)

0.159
236
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Step 6:
2 automatic penetration fix

automatic recursive penetration fix automatic
automatic recursive
iterative automatic
Penetrations
Lock Component
C-Pillar Bot Inner Panel RH

Unlock Component
Iterative Fix
1. Penetrations
2. Automatic Recursive Penetration Fix.
237
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"Model changes to specific tree items are not possible once process is
initiated. The Penetration tab will appear and disappear repeatedly during the process.
Would you like to continue?" Yes.
Assembly
Creating Connectors - HM-3400

Creating Area Connectors - HM-3410
Creating Bolt Connectors - HM-3420
Part Replacement Through Connectors - HM-3430
Creating Connectors - HM-3400
2 front trusses
connectors 2 front trusses
rails connectors front trusses

NASTRAN/OPTISTRUCT ACM ()rear trusses
connectors connectors 2-
238
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frame_assembly.hm 2 front trusses
Step 1:
1. frame_assembly.hm.
2. HyperMesh ().
3. Menu PreferencesUser Profiles....
4. RADIOSS Bulk Data.
5. OK
Step 2: assem_1
1. tab area Model View Model browser.
2. Model browser Model view ( ) Assembly Hierarchy
3. entity selection ( ) Elements and Geometry ( ).
Model browser
4. assem_1 Isolate.
assem_1
Step 3: Connector browser.
239
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1. View Connector Browser.

2. Connector browser
Connector browser connectors

connectors connector
connectors connectors
Connector browser connectors connectors
Step 4: 2 front trusses welds

connectors 2 connectors
connector connectorrealization connector
connectors connectors spot, bolt, seam, area

connectors create realize
1. spot
Connector browser Connector window Create >> Spot
1Dconnectorsspot
Connector browser spot ( )
2. spot
3. Con_Frt_Truss.
4. location: points.
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5. 6 points >> by collector Con_Frt_Truss.

6. select.
7. connect what: comps Front_Truss_1 Front_Truss_2.
8. select.
9. connect what:toggle elems geom.
10. tolerance = 5 Connector 5
11. type= weld.
12. create.
13. return.
6 connectors ()Connectors
Connectors () Con_Frt_Truss
Connectors ( )( )( )
()
connectors
241
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fixed points
fixed points
Step 5: Connector browser.

1. Connector browser Connector window RBAR +
6 connectors RBAR connector
Entities connector ID Links State State
2. Connector browser Component window Front_Truss_1 Find.
Connector window 6 connectors

Front_Truss_1
3. Front_Truss_1 Find Attached.
connectors Front_Truss_1
component Front_Truss_1 Front_Truss_2

Step 6: 2 front truss
242
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1. F12 automesh
2. size and bias
3. automatic. ( interactive.)
5. elem size = 10.
6. mesh type mixed.
7. toggle elems to surf comp. ( elems to current comp.)
8. mesh
9. connector fixed point
10. return
Step 7: assem_2
connectors 2 front trusses
2 front trusses
1. tab area Model ViewModel browser.
Elements and Geometry ( )

2.
3. R assem_2 Isolate.
Step 8: connectors
connectors
1. status Set Current Component Con_Truss_Plate
2. tab areaConnector
3. connector window Create >>Spot.
4. create
5. location: points.
6. points >> by collector Con_Truss_Plate.
7. select.
243
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8. connect what:
Front_Truss_1
Front_Truss_2
Reinf_Plate
9. select.
10. connect what:, toggle geom to elems.
11. num layers total 2.
12. connect when: now.
13. create connectors
status "8 spot connectors created with comps and links."
connectors Con_Truss_Plate
Connector browser connector 8 connectors

14.
undefined + 8 connectors
15. connectors connector
Step 9: Con_Truss_Plate connectors

1. realize
2. connectors >> displayed.
3. type= weld.
For tolerance = 5.
5. mesh dependent mesh independent.
mesh dependent connector

6. realize connectors
7. Connector browser.
Reinf_Plate component window .
8 connectors connector window RBAR
undefined connector type
8. 8 connectors
9. return
244
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The two front trusses welded to the reinforcement plate with weld elements at the connectors
Weld the two right rails to each other and to the two front trusses by creating connectors from a master connectors file.
Step 10: assem_3


2.
3. assem_3 Isolate.
245
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Step 11: connectors front trusses

1. Import tab
Menu FileImport....
Import ( ).
2. Import connectors
3. File type Connectors.
4. file ( )rails_frt_truss.mwf.
5. Import.
connectors Connectors CE_Locations

6. close Import tab.
Step 12: CE_Locations connectors

1. status set current component CE_Locations.
2. Connector Tab.
3. connector Create >> Spot.
4. realize
6. type= weld.
7. tolerance = 5.
8. mesh dependant
10. return
246
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Right rails welded to each other and to the front trusses with weld elements at the connectors
Weld to the two front trusses by duplicating and reflecting selected connectors created from the master connectors file
Step 13: assem_4


2.
3. assem_4 Isolate.
Step 14: connectors

1. component collectors
247
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collectors Components ( )
Menu Collectors Create Components
2. create
3. name = CE_Locations_Dup.
4.
5. property= no property.
6. create
7. return
Step 15: master connectors connectors

1. reflect
Menu Connectors Reflect Connectors
Toolreflect
2. entity connectors.
3. Model browse CE_Locations.
4. connectors >> by collector CE_Locations.
5. connectors >> duplicate >> current comp.
connectors connectors CE_Locations_Dup

6. plane x-axis.

7. B 2 base
8. x=.
x=, y=, z= 0.000

9. return reflect
10. reflect connectors.
11. return
connectors ()
Step 16: left rails connectors left rail link

1. Connector browser.
2. connector window RBAR
3. State connectors
tab area State connectors

4. State connectors
Entities connector connector
SHIFT connector
5. connectors
6. Entities Update Link Connector browser connector
248
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7. Link1 Link2
connectors Right_Rail_1 Right_Rail_2 master
8. connectors 2 left rails
9. update window Search Link Type comps
10. Search Link Select
11. component Right_Rail_1.
proceedConnector browser Search Link Select
12. Right_Rail_1
13. Replace Link Type comps
14. Replace Link Select component
15. component Left_Rail_1.
proceed This updates the Connector browser Search Link
16. Select left_Rail_1
249
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17. Update connectorslinks

18. 16.9 16.19 Left_Rail_2 Right_Rail_2
connectorsconnector right rail
19.
20. Update X Update window.
Step 17: CE_Locations_Dup connectors

1. spot: realize .
2. connectors >> by collector CE_Locations_Dup.
3. type= weld.
4. tolerance = 5.
5. mesh dependent
Step 18: connectors connectors pair

1. Connector browser connector RBAR
connector State connectors
2.
3. front trusses rail
connectors pair
4. visualization Visualization Options ( )

5. Connectors Color by: Layer
6. Visualization tab Layers 2t (2 two thickness)
connectors 2
Because the pairs of connectors create a series of two

weld elements
7. close Visualization tab.
250
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Step 19: 2t connectors

1. Model browser
2. find
Menu EditFind
Tool find
3. between
4. entity type connectors.
5. entity selector comps.
6. Front_Truss_1 Front_Truss_2.
7. select.
8. find 6 connectors
comps
9.
10. Front_Truss_1 Right_Rail_1.
11. find 3 connectors
.
12.
13. Front_Truss_1 Left_Rail_1.
14. find 3 connectors.
15. return
Step 20: connectors

1. unrealize
Menu ConnectorsUnrealize
1D connectorsunrealize
"9 connectors added by 'displayed'. Total selected 9."

3. unrealize connectors.
connectors
4. return
Step 21: 2t connectors 3t connectors

1. connector quality
Menu Connectors CheckConnector Quality
1D connectorsquality
2. connectors (unrealized) connectors >> displayed.
3. tolerance = 5.
4. preview combine.
status "6 connector(s) found that need to be combined."

5. combine connectors.
251
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status "3 connectors deleted." connectors

3
6. return
Step 22: Con_Frt_Truss 3t connectors

1. Con_Frt_Truss
2. spot: realize
4. element config: weld.
5. tolerance = 5.
6. Toggle mesh dependent
Connector browser connector window
8. 6 links
9. return
10. visualization Visualization Options ( )

11. Connectors Color by: State
Step 23: assem_5

1. tab Model tab View Model browser.
browser window Elements and Geometry ( )

2.
3. assem_5 Isolate.
Step 24: ACM connectors

fe absorb connectorsCon_Rear_Truss
1. Automated Connector Creation FE Absorption
Menu ConnectorsFE Absorb
Connector browser FE Absorb GUI ( )
252
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2. FE Configs: custom.
3. FE Type: optistruct 69-71 acm.
4. Elem filter: All Select.
5. Elem filter: Elements
elems HyperMesh
6. elems >> by collector Con_Rear_Truss.
7. proceed
8. Move connectors to FE component
9. Absorb connectors.
Connectors ACM 2t connectors

Con_Rear_Truss ACMs
10. Close
253
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Creating Area Connectors - HM-3410
left rails .
frame_assembly_1.hmarea connectors
FE
area connector automesh ( locations types
)
area bolt connectors
create area connectors.
realize
Step 1:
1. frame_assembly_1.hm.
2. (rotation, zooming, etc).
4. RADIOSS Bulk Data.
5. OK
Step 2: Connector browser

1. View Connector browser.
Connector browser connectors Component

window connectors
Connector window connectors Connectors

Step 3: Left_Rail_1 Left_Rail_2

1. Model browser Left_Rail_1 Left_Rail_2
2.
3. Model browser Create >> Component.
4. Left_Rail_Adhesive.
254
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5. area
Connector browser connector Create >> Area.
1D connectors area.
Connector browser area ( ) area

6. location: elems.
7. Left_Rail_1 .

8. elems by face
9. connect what: comps Left_Rail_1 Left_Rail_2.

10. select.
11. tolerance= 10. 10connector
12. type= adhesives.
13. adhesive type shell gap
14. create.
15. area connector return.
16. unrealize 1D connectors unrealize.
17 connector.
18 unrealize.
255
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19 return.
20. area
Connector window Connector browser Create >> Area.
1D connectors area.
Connector browser area ( ) realize

21 connectors connector.
adhesive type (T1+T2)/2 ( shell gap) density= 3
22. hexas 1~3
23. realize.
For the other set of flanges you will manually create an area connector and mesh it accordingly.
Step 4: Left_Rail_1 Left_Rail_2

1. area
2. area
3. location nodes
4. node list by path.
Left_Rail_1 outer flange Left_Rail_1
5.
256
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5. width = 10.
6. offset = 3.
7. Left_Rail_1 Left_Rail_2.
8. select.
9. create.
mesh independent connectors 10(when choosing by

nodes/lines/surfs)
10. edit
11. area connector.

12. element size= 3.
13. mesh.
connector
14. realize
257
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15. connector.
16. type (T1+T2)/2 const_thickness 0.3.
17. realize.
area
18.
258
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Creating Bolt Connectors - HM-3420
2 rear trusses
frame_assembly_2.hm bolt
connectors RBE connector spiders washers
bolt-type connectors connector
bolt
bolt bolt connectors
create bolt connectors
realize bolt connectors
Step 1:
2. (rotation, zooming, etc.).
4. RADIOSSBulkData.
5. OK
Create a bolted connection between the two rear truss parts.
259
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Step 2: assem_5
2. Model browser Model View ( ) Assembly Hierarchy
entity selection ( ) Elements and Geometry ( ).
3. Model browser
4. assem_5 Isolate.
assem_5
5. Model browser Make Current Con_Rear_Truss


window connector Connector window
connectors
Step 4: connector
1. bolt
Connector browser connector window Create >> Bolt
1D connectors bolt
Connector browser bolt ( )

2. location nodes Rear_Truss_1
260
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3. connect what: comps Rear_Truss_1 Rear_Truss_2.

4. select.
5. tolerance= 50.
Connector 50
6. type= bolt (general).
connector
7. hole diameter: max= 60
8. create
9. return
261
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--Bolted connection
Part Replacement Through Connectors

- HM-3430
rear truss Rear_Truss_1 connectors

connector
connector
frame_assembly_3.hm
connector
262
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connector
Step 1:
2. ().
4. RADIOSSBulkData.
5. OK


window connector Connector window
Step 3: rear_truss_1_new.hm link
1. Model browser Rear_Truss_1.
2. Import tab
Menu FileImport...
Standard Toolbar Import ( )

3. browser window Import HM model.
4. file ( )rear_truss_1_new.hm.
263
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5. Import.
rear_truss_1_new rear_truss_1
Step 4: Connector browser, connector links

Connector browser Component window Rear_Truss_1 Find
1. Attached.
2. Connector browser connector Update Link
3. Search Link Select

4. component Rear_Truss_1
5. proceed
6. Replace Link Select

7. component Rear_Truss_1.1.
8. proceed
9. Update connector
264
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Step 5: Con_Rear_Truss connectors

1. Con_Rear_Truss
Connector browser spot ( ) Spot

2.
3. realize
4. connectors >> displayed
5. type=: weld.
6. tolerance = 5.
7. mesh dependent
8. realize connectors.
9. return
Step 6: connector XML
1. Connector browser Export connectors (XML) ( ).
2. XML Save
XML
3. XML connectors
Step 7:
1. Export tab
Menu FileExport...
Export,
2. browser window Export FE model.
3. File type RADIOSS.
4. Template Bulk Data standard format.
5. file ( ) .fem
6. Export Options
7. Include connectors
8. Export
.fem connector

9. HyperMesh connector
265
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Morphing--
Freehand Morphing - HM-3510
Sculpting - HM-3520
Changing a Curvature Using Map to Geometry - HM-3530
Changing a Profile Using Map to Sections - HM-3540
Morph Volume - HM-3550
Basics of Domains and Handles - HM-3560
Altering Cross-Sections Using Domains - HM-3570
Morphing About an Axis Using Domains - HM-3580
Morph Adhesive Layers - HM-3590
Morph Tube to Different Configurations - HM-3600
Shaping a Dome Using Cyclic Symmetry - HM-3610
Shaping a Bead Using Cyclic Symmetry - HM-3620
Morph a Symmetric Part onto a New Geometry - HM-3625
Morphing with Shapes - HM-3630
Interpolating Loads Using Shapes - HM-3640
Creating Shapes Using Record - HM-3650
Maintaining Area Using Constraints - HM-3660
Positioning a Dummy Using Limiting Constraints - HM-3670
Preserving a Shape Using Cluster Constraints - HM-3680
Remeshing Domains After Morphing - HM-3690
266
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Freehand Morphing - HM-3510
:
freehand morphing 100
1:
2:
Step 1:
hm propeller.hm
Step 2: blade
1. move nodes
MorphingFree Handmove nodes
Tool HyperMorphfreehandmove nodes.
2. morphing method translate.
267
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3. translate z= -100.
4. toolbar User Views ( ).

5. restore1.
6. moving nodes fixed nodes 3
3:
7. affected elements
8. mv bias fx bias (1.00).
9. morph
100 affected elements
Sculpting - HM-3520
: --Conforming a Seat to a Dummy Profile
1:
268
cae ,
Step 1:
hm dummy_position_solid.hm.
Step 2:
1. sculpting
Morphing Free Handsculpting
Tool HyperMorphfreehandsculpting
2. mesh.
3. sculpting tool: dummy
4. affected elements: seat ( 2).
5. base dummy ( 2).
6. N1 N2 ( 2).
7. taper angle 85 ().
8. mesh compression compress by factor.
9. mesh compr= () 0.5.
2:
10. push
269
cae ,
3:
11.
Changing a Curvature Using Map to

Geometry - HM-3530
:
line difference section line
1:
270
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Step 1:
bumper_morphing.hm.
Step 2:
1. map to geom
Morphing Map to Geometry
Tool HyperMorph map to geom
2. line difference.
3. 2 from line to line
4. () map domains map nodes.
5. nodes >> displayed.
6. no fixed nodes ( 2 2 ).
7. map by line axis 1.0 mvbias fxbias ( 3).
2: from to
8. map.
271
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Changing a Profile Using Map to

Sections - HM-3540
:
map to sections
1:
Step 1:
car_section.hm.
Step 2: --Morph the roof

1. map to geom
Morphing Map to Geometry
Tool HyperMorphmap to geom
2. mapping section type map to sections.
3. map to sections lines line list.
4. map domains map elements ().
5. no fixed nodes fixed nodes ().
6. blend all
7. rotate nodes
8. 3 map by line normal.
9. line list Line A Line B
272
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10. to line list Line A Line B.

11. map to elements elems by collector
12. Roof.
13. select.
14. toolbar User Views ( ) right

15. fixed nodes nodes >> by window 2
16. select entities.
17. map.
2:
Morph Volume - HM-3550
: Morph Volume B-
morph volumes B-
273
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1: B-
Step 1:
body_side.hm.
Step 2: morph volumes

1. morph volumes > create
Morphingcreate Morph Volumes
Tool HyperMorphmorph volumes
2. creation method pick on screen.
3. handle placement corners only.
4. auto-tangent
5. 2
2:
: morph volume

1. Morph volumes > split/combine
274
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Morphing create Morph Volumessplit/combine

Tool HyperMorphmorph volumessplit/combine
2. split toggle split mvols : by edges
3. 1 morph volume ( 3).
3:

4. split.
morph volume 2
Step 4: b-
1. morph > move handles
MorphingMorph move handles
Tool HyperMorphmorphmove handles
3. along X, Y, Z.
4.
X=0
Y = 100.00
Z=0
5. 4 8 handles
275
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4: Select handles for morphing
6. morph.
b-
B-
Basics of Domains and Handles -

HM-3560
: Domains and Handles

domains handles
Step 1:
HM morphing_1.hm
Step 2: 2-D domains handles

1. domains > create
Morphing Create Domains
276
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Tool pHyperMorph domains

2. create method auto functions.
3. generate.
domains domains
local handles
Step 3: 2-D domain.

1. domains > create
2. 2D domains.

3.
4. elems >> by window 1
1: --Elements to select to move into a new domain
5. partition 2D domains
6. create domain
Local handles local domains

new domain

Step 4: Split the edge domain of the radius to have more control when
morphing.
1. domains > edit edges
Morphing Create domains edit edges
Tool HyperMorphdomainsedit edges
2. split
3. domain 2 edge domain
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edge domain node domain

edge domain
2: Edge domain
4. node
5. 3 Y-
3: Node selection to split the edge domain of the radius
6. split edge domain

7. edge domain 4
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4: edge domain
8. return
Step 5: local handles 2-D domain

1. handles > create
Morphing Create Handles
Tool HyperMorphhandles
2. name=, local.
3. attached to: domain
4. 2-D 2-D domain
5: handles 2-D domain
5. by nodes: nodes
6.
7. create handles 2-D domain.
8. return
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Step 6: domains handles

Morphing Morph move handles
ToolHyperMorphmorphmove handles
2. () handles 6 X- handles
handlethose handles follow the handle you drag ( Step 6.6)

3. on domains on plane.
4. N1
5. N1, N2, N3,
6. morph.
7. pick handles and move to new location
8.
9.
local handle
step 6.2
local handle 2-D domain
2-D domain local handles ()
edge domains local domains
2-D domain
10.
6:
11. undo.
HyperMorph
HyperMesh
handles.
12.
13. () handles global handles.
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14. morph.
15. global handle
global handle
Step 6.2 handles
global handles ()
local handles edge domains
Altering Cross-Sections Using Domains

- HM-3570
: Increasing the Gauge Thickness of the Spring Wire

domains handles
1:
Step 1:
spring.hm.
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Step 2:
1. domains > create
Morphing CreateDomains
Tool HyperMorphdomains
2. domain type 2D domains.
3. elements toggle all elements.
5. create.
6. morph > alter dimensions
Morphing Morph alter dimensions
Tool HyperMorphmorph alter dimensions
7. morphing method radius.
8. center calculation by normals.
9.
domains ( edge and 2D ) 2D domain two edge domains 2
10.
2: Domains to select for altering the gauge radius
edge domain radius

11. radius 12.
12. morph.
7.5 12.0.
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Morphing About an Axis Using

Domains - HM-3580
Step 1:
HyperMesh spring.hm.
Step 2:
1. domains > create
Tool HyperMorphdomains
3. elements toggle all elements.
5. create.
6. morph > alter dimensions
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Morphing Morph alter dimensions

Tool HyperMorph morpalter dimensions
7. morphing method radius.
8. center calculation by axis.
9. z-axis.
2: Domains and base node to select for altering the coil radius
10. domains ( edge and 2D ) 2-D domain 2 edge domains.

11. z-axis 2
12.
13. add to current.
14. radius 20.
15. morph.
20
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Morph Adhesive Layers - HM-3590
morphing
3D domains > by component domains alter dimensions
285
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Step1:
1. Morph_Adhesive_Layers.hm.
Step 2: Create domains handles

1. MorphingCreateDomains
2. domain type 3D domains
3. element selector all elements
4. divide by comps partition 2D domains
5. create domains
6. return domains
Step 3:
1. Model browser^morphface
^morphface Outer Adhesive_Outer
2.
elements >> by face elements >> reverse
mask
3. domains handles Mask By Config

4. Morphing +
5. Local Domains/Handles Morph operates on displayed elements.
6. Show + domains handles
7. ^morphface
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Step 4: 5
1. Morphing Morph morph
2. alter dimensions
3. dimension type radius.
4. add to current
5. domains edge domains 2-D domains

7. z-axis.
8. B
9. radius= 5
10. morph.
11. save shape
12. name= sh1.
13. as node perturbations.
14. save.
15. undo all
16. ^morphface
17. apply shapes
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18. shapes sh1.

19. select.
20. animate.
Deformed Shape
21. model units scale factor.
22. scale factor 1.
23. linear
24.
: Adhesive_Inner 5
Morph Tube to Different Configurations

- HM-3600
morphing
Domains, morph
1:
288
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Step 1:
1. tube.hm.
Step 2: domains handles

1. Menu MorphingCreateDomains.
2. create
4. element selector all elements.
6. create.
Step 3: --partition the outer domain

1. domains > create
2. Model browser solid
3. mask ( )^morphfaces

mask
4. return domains
5. domains handles Mask By Config tab.
6. Morphing +
7. Local Domains/Handles Morph operates on displayed elements
9.
11. all elements elems.
12.
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2: Elements to partition
13. create
14. return
Step 4:
1. Morphing Morph morph
2. alter dimensions
3. dimension type radius
4. center calculation by edges
5.
6. 2 edge domains 2D domain
3: Edge 2D domains.
7. radius= 27.
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8. morph
9.
4:
Step 5:
1. mask ( ) unmask all

2. mask ^morphfaces
mask
3. return domains
4. domains handles Mask By Config tab
5. Morphing +
Local Domains/Handles Morph operates on displayed elements
6.
8. domains >> displayed 2 edge domains 2D domain
6: edge domains

10. y-axis.
11.
12. radius= 3.
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13. add to current.

14. morph
7:
Shaping a Dome Using Cyclic

Symmetry - HM-3610
: Using Cyclical Symmetry to Assist in the Morphing of a Bottle

morph volumes
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1:
Step 1:
HyperMesh bottle.hm

MorphingCreate Morph Volumes
ToolHyperMorphmorph volumescreate
2. create morphvol create matrix.
3.
x density = 3
y density = 8
z density = 5
buffer % = 5
4. global system local system.
5. t elems >> displayed.
6. syst
7.
8. create morph volumes.
morph volumes morph volume
9.
10. return
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Step 3:
1. symmetry > create
Morphing CreateSymmetries
Tool HyperMorphsymmetrycreate
2. domain morph volumes.
Symmetries domains morph volumes
symmetries morph volumes

3. 1 plane cyclical.
4. 180 degrees set freq.
5. # of cycles 8.
6. syst
7. create.
cyclical symmetry
8. return
Step 4:
1. morph volumes > update edges
MorphingCreateMorph Volumesupdate edges
ToolHyperMorphmorph volumeupdate edges
2. update nodes update ends.
3.
4. continuous free ( 2).
5. return
2: Updating tangencies

MorphingMorphmove handles
294
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Tool HyperMorphmorphmove handles

7. 3
3:

9. along xyz
10. z val = 10
11. morph.

12. domains handles Mask By Config tab
13. Morphing Morph operates on all elements
14. Hide - morphing entities
4 morph volumes
Free
Fixed connectivity
Master-slave morph volume (
master edgeslave edge
)
Continuous 2 morph volume
morph volume tangent

update edges
295
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Shaping a Bead Using Cyclic Symmetry

- HM-3620
: --Creating a Circular Bead on the Bottle
1: Adding beads to the bottle
continuous free
Step 1:
hm bottle.hm

Morphing CreateMorph Volumes
Tool HyperMorph morph volumes create
2. create morphvol create matrix.
3.
x density = 3
296
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y density = 8
z density = 5
buffer % = 5
4. global system local system.
6. syst
7.
8. create morph volumes.
morph volumes morph volume

9. return
Step 3:
Morphing Create Symmetries
Tool HyperMorphsymmetrycreate
2. domain morph volumes.
domains morph volumes morph volumes

3. 1 plane cyclical.
4. 180 degrees set freq.
5. # of cycles 8.
6. syst
7. create.
cyclical
8. return
1. User Views ( ) left.

2. morph volumes split/combine
Morphing CreateMorph Volumessplit/combine
Tool HyperMorphmorph volumes split/combine
3. toggles split mvols > by edges.
4. single split=0.8.
5. Morph Volume 1 ( 2).
6. split.
7. single split 0.2.
8. Morph Volume 2 ( 2).
9. split.
10. return
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2: Splitting morph volumes
Step 5:
Morphing Morphmove handles
Tool HyperMorph morph move handles
3. translate along xyz.
4. x-val = -5.0.
5.
6. 3
7. morph.
298
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3: --Selecting a handle for morphing
299
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4: morph volumes
8. undo
Step 6: morph volume

morph volumes
1. morph volumes > update edges
Morphing CreateMorph Volumesupdate edges
Tool HyperMorphmorph volumes update edges
2. update nodes update ends.
3. edge tangency free.
4.
5. return
300
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5: Selecting edges to update the tangencies
6: Changing the tangencies from continuous to free
Step 7: --Morph the part

MorphingMorphmove handles
Tool HyperMorphmorph move handles
3. translate along xyz.
4. x-val = -5.0.
5.
6. 3
7. morph.
301
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7:
Morph a Symmetric Part onto a New

Geometry - HM-3625
3-D domains, symmetry, interactive morphing.
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1: --Mesh to morph
Step 1:
1. Open ( ) fe_only.hm.
2. Import ( ).
3. Import Import geometry new_design.igs.
Step 2: domains and handles

1. HyperMorphdomains create
3. element selector all elements.
5. create domains.
6. HyperMorph
Step 3:
1. symmetry
2. symmetry type cyclical.
3. symmetry angle 180 degrees set freq.
4. # of cycles 18.
5. syst.
6.
7. domains >> all.
8. create.
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9. return.
Step 4:
1. morph move handles
2.
2: Mesh, domains handles and the new geometry
3. morphing method move to point.

4. from: handle
5. to: point
3: --Morphing handle to point
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4:
6.
5: Handles to map
7.
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6:
Morphing with Shapes - HM-3630
: Morphing a Yoke via Morph Volumes and Shapes

morph volumes
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1--Yoke model
Step 1:
1. HyperMesh yoke.hm.
2. Model browser yoke_1 yoke_2 Hide.
Step 2: hexas morph volume.

1. morph volumes > convert
Morphing CreateMorph Volumesconvert
Tool HyperMorphmorph volumes convert
3. hexas.
4. select.
5. convert.
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2: Converting hexas volumes to morph volumes
morph volumes
Step 3: --Increase the prong diameter.

1. Model browser Tag Show
Tool HyperMorph morphmove handles
3. mode selector move to node.
4. options mvols: active ( inactive active).
5. return.
6. handle 1, node, tag 1.
7. 35
3: Using tags to change the morph volumes
308
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Step 4: --Save the morphed shape

1. shapes > save as shape
Morphing Create Shapes save as shape
Tool HyperMorph shapes save as shape
2. name= Prong1.
3. Toggle as handle perturbations as node perturbations.
4. save.
5. undo all
Step 5:
1. Model browser Shape MorphingVolume Hide for.

2. Geometry Create Systems Systems
3. create by axis direction
4. origin node "origin."
5. X-axis node "X."
6. XY plane node "Y."
7. create.
8. return.
Step 6:
1. Morphing Create Symmetries.
2. name = symm1.
3. domains morph volumes ().
4.
5. syst
6. create.
7. return.
Step 7: --Reflect shape

1. Morphing Create Shapes.
2. apply shapes.
3. shapes apply shapes reflect shapes.
4. apply only apply & create.
5. auto-envelope.
6. shapes
7. reflect using: symmetries
8. reflect.
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1.
Step 8:
1. Model browse Title Show.

2. Model browser yoke_2 Show.
3. apply shapes shapes reflect shapes position shapes.
4. scale no scale.
5. shapes
6. from: N1, N2 N3.
7. to: N1, N2 N3.
8. position.
9. return.
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2 2
11
Interpolating Loads Using Shapes -

HM-3640
: Using Shapes to Interpolate Loads

Shapes shapes vice versa shapes
shapes
they act on a volume equivalent to the initial volume, but at
the new location. In this regard, can be used to interpolate loads on a mesh given the loading
at the boundaries of a volume.
shapes
311
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1:
Step 1:
HyperMesh s_bend_tube.hm.
Step 2: Convert temperatures to shapes

1. shapes > convert
MorphingCreate Shapes convert
Tool HyperMorphshapes convert .
2. conversion type temperature to shapes.
3. loadcols temperature.
4. select.
5. convert.
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2: The base and the node for translating the shape
shape vectors
shape vectors
shape
Step 3: Translate the shape.

1. apply shapes
2. operation translate shapes.
3. apply only create new.
4. envelope auto-envelope.
5. shapes temperature.
6. select.
7. from: base 2
8. to: node 2
9. translate.
base to 0 1 shape
( 1).
Step 4: Convert shape vectors to temperature loads

1. convert
2. conversion type shapes to temperatures.
3. shapes temperature1.
4. select.
5. convert.
Shape
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Step 5:
1. Model browser Shape Hide
2. Model browser cube Hide.
3. Model browser LoadCollector Hide.
4. BCs BCs Contour.
BCs contour
5. temperature1.
6. Accept.
contour
7. simulation = temperature1.
8. data type = temperature.
9. contour.
3:
Using shapes
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Creating Shapes Using Record -

HM-3650
: Recording Shapes
record shapes
node edit > align node Record shape bead

shape
1: Location to record the nodal movements on and reflect
Step 1:
HyperMesh floor.hm.
Step 2: -- Start recording nodal movements

1. freehand > record
Morphing Free Hand record
Tool HyperMorph freehand record
2. start.
3. HyperMorph
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Step 3: bead --Change the bead profile

1. GeometryEditNodes Node
2. move node
3.
2: first set of nodes to align
4. 1 end: 2 end:
st nd
5. ( 3)
3: Second set of nodes to align
Step 4: --Stop the recording.

1. freehand > record
Morphing Freehand record
Tool HyperMorphfreehand record
2. finish.
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Step 5: Save the morphed shape.

1. save shape
2. name= Morph1.
3. save option as node perturbations.
4. save.
5. undo all
Step 6:
1. GeometryCreateSystems.
2. create by axis
3. origin origin
x-axis x-axis node
xy-plane xy-plane node
4. create.
5. return
Step 7: --Create symmetry.

Morphing CreateSymmetries
Tool HyperMorphsymmetry
2. name = symm1.
3. symmetry type 1 plane.
4. align with x-axis.
5. syst
6. create.
1 plane
7. return
Step 8: -- Reflect shape

1. shape > apply shapes
Morphing Create Shapesapply shapes
Tool HyperMorph shapesapply shapes
2. shape option reflect shapes.
3. reflect shapes option apply & create.
4. shape Morph1.
5. symmetries symm1.
6. reflect.
shape (Morph1) shape 1
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Maintaining Area Using Constraints -

HM-3660
: Using Morph Constraints to Keep the Area of a Windshield

Constant while Changing its Shape
1:
Step 1:
HyperMesh windshield.hm.
Step 2: Create a shape to define the degree of freedom for the mesh
1. freehand > move nodes
Morphing Free Hand move nodes
Tool HyperMorphfreehandmove nodes
2. method translate.
3.
x = 0;
318
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Y = -5 ( 5);
Z=0
4. moving nodes: nodes >> by sets move_node.
5. select.
6. fixed nodes: nodes >> by sets fix_node.
7. select.
8. affected elements: elems >> displayed.
9. morph.
10. freehand > save shape
11. name =, Shape1.
13. save.
14. undo all
shape
Step 3: --Create a constraint

1. morph constraints > create/update
Morphing Create Morph Constraints
Tool HyperMorph morph constraints
2. name = const1.
3. constraint type area.
4. shapes, Shape1.
6. area equal to.
7. calculate
1.085e+06.

8. create.
matching-mesh.
9. Model browser Shape Hide
10. Model browser MorphingConstraint Hide
Step 4: -- Create morph volume

Morphing Create Morph Volumes
ToolHyperMorphmorph volumes
2. method create morphvol.
3. entity type enclose elems.
4. t elems >> displayed.
5. coordinate system global system.
6. create.
morph volume
319
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Step 5: Morph the part

Tool HyperMorphmorph move nodes
2. morph type move to node.
3. from: handle handle1 ( 2).
4. from: node 1 ( 2).
5.
2: From handles from nodes
Step 6: Save the morphed shape.

1. save shape .
2. name = Shape2.
4. save.
Step 7: -- Check the result.

1. Model browser MorphingVolume Hide.
2. Tool mass calc
3. comps windshield.
4. select.
5. calculate.
1.085e+06

shape1
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morph
Positioning a Dummy Using Limiting

Constraints - HM-3670
: Using Limiting Constraints and Freehand Morphing to Position a

Dummy and Morph the Seat
H-
limiting constraint
freehand morphing.
Step 1:
HyperMesh dummy.hm
Step 2:
321
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Tool HyperMorphmorph constraints

2. name= const1.
3. on elements.
4. nodes bounded.
5. project along: normal.
6. distance= 2.
2
7. nodes >> by collector cushion.
8. select.
9. elems >> by collector dummy.
10. select.
11. create.

1. Model browser MorphingConstraint i Hide.
2. freehand > move nodes
Morphing Free Hand move nodes
ToolHyperMorph freehand move nodes
3. moving method translate.
4. moving nodes nodes >> by collector cushion.
5. select.
6. fixed nodes nodes >> by collector dummy.
7. select.
8. affected elements elems >> by collector cushion.
9. select.
10.
x=0
y=0
z = 80
11. morph.
2 mm.
limiting constraints
322
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Preserving a Shape Using Cluster

Constraints - HM-3680
: Using Cluster Constraints to Preserve the Wheel Shape while

Lengthening the Body of a Truck
morph
1: --Truck model
Step 1:
HyperMesh truck.hm.
Step 2: --Create a coordinate system.

1. HyperMorph
2. Go to the systems > create by axis direction sub-panel.
3. origin origin.
4. x-axis x-axis
5. xy-plane xy-plane
6. create
7. toolbar User View ( ) right.

8. return
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Step 3: morph volume.

MorphingCreate Morph Volumes
Tool HyperMorph morph volumes
2. creation method create morphvol.
3. entity type enclose elements.
4. elems >> all.
5. global system.
6. buffer % = 5.
morph volume
7. create morph volume.
8. split/combine
9. operation split mvols.
10. Toggle to split the morph volume by edges.
11. type of split single split.
12. single split = 0.44.
13. morph volume
14. split morph volume.
morph volume 2 morph volumes.

15. return
Step 4: -- Create a symmetry.
1. toolbar view ( ) restore1.

Morphing Create Symmetries.
Tool HyperMorphsymmetries.
3. name = symm1.
4. domain morph volumes
domains morph volumes morph

volumes symmetry morph volume
5. symmetry type 1 plane.
6. syst step 4.2
7. create
1 plane
8. return

2. morphing mode translate.
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3. along along xyz.

4.
X val = 500
Y val = 0
Z val = 0
5. 3 2 handles
6. morph
500 morph volumes

7. all morphs.
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Step 6: --Create a cluster constraint

cluster

Tool HyperMorph morph constraints
2. name = const1.
3. constraint type cluster.
4. nodes >> by collector .
5. comps >> by id.
6. id = 1-8
7. select
8. create

9. return
10. Model browser MorphingConstraint Hide

Step 5 500
500 mm
morph volumes
326
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Remeshing Domains After Morphing -

HM-3690
: Domains
mprphingHyperMorph
domain
1:
Step 1:
HyperMesh arm2D.hm.
Step 2: morph
1. morph options
Morphing Assign Morph Options
Tool HyperMorph morph options
2. auto qa
3. auto quality check 2D jacobian.
4. limit = 0.7.
Step 3: domains handles.
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1. domains > create

Morphing Create Domains
Tool HyperMorph domains
2. creation type 2D domains.
3. all elems elems.
4. elems >> by sets set_1.
5. select.
6. create domain.
7. elems >> by sets set_2.
8. select.
9. create domain.
2 2D domains
Step 4: washer.
2. mode translate.
3. along along vector.
4. 2 N1 N2
2: N1 N2
5. dist = 0.25.
6. washer 2
7. morph washer
washer (jacobian < 0.7)

( 3).
328
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3: --Elements after morphing
Step 5: Remesh the domain

1. domains > update
Tool t HyperMorph domains
2. update
3. update remesh 2D.
4. new mesh type: quads.
5. 2-D domains
6. calc avg
7. remesh domain
329
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5:
domains handles
330
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Analysis Setup
Setting up Loading Conditions - HM-4000

Formatting Model for Analysis - HM-4010
Obtaining and Assigning Beam Cross-Section Properties using HyperBeam - HM-4020
Defining Composites - HM-4030
Working with Loads on Geometry - HM-4040
Working with Include Files - HM-4060
OptiView - HM-4070
Setting up Loading Conditions -

HM-4000
channel (RADIOSS SPC)

(RADIOSS FORCE)
(RADIOSS SUBCASE)
RADIOSS
RADIOSS RADIOSS
HTML
:
channel_brkt_assem_loading.hm
channel
331
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Step 1: channel_brkt_assem_loading.hm
Step 2: RADIOSS (Bulk Data)

1. Preferences User Profiles.
2. RADIOSS.
3. BulkData.
4. OK
Step 3: 2 pressing_load constraints
1. load collectors ( ) Collectors

2. create
3. loadcol name =, pressing_load.
4.
5. creation method no card image.
6. create pressing_load.
7. loadcol name = constraints.
8.
9. create constraints.
10. return
Step 4: Apply constraints (RADIOSS SPC) to the channels line

geometry
1. Model browser channel geom ( )
2. toolbar User Views ( ) iso1.

3. constraints
332
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Menu BCsCreate Constraints

Analysis constraints
4. create
5. lines.
6. channel
7. (dof) 1 ~ 6.
RADIOSS 1, 2, 3 x-, y-, z-

4, 5, 6 x-, y- z-
8. Load Types = SPC.
9. create
10. size = 5.

11. label constraints.

12. return
Step 5: Map the constraints (RADIOSS SPC) on the geometry lines to

the channel nodes associated to the lines
1. load on geom
Menu BCsLoads on Geometry
Analysis load on geom
2. loadcols >> constraints.
3. select
4. map loads.
333
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5. return
6. Model browser
Step 6: Prepare to create forces (RADIOSS FORCE) on the bracket for

the pressing load case
1. toolbar User Views ( ) restore1.

2. Model browser pressing_load Make Current.
pressing_load
Step 7: 2 (RADIOSS FORCE)

1. forces
Menu BCsCreateForces
Analysis Forces
2. create
3. nodes 2
4. magnitude =, 5.
5. direction selector N1, N2, N3 y-axis.
6. load types = Force.
7. create
8. magnitude % = 200.0.

9. label loads.
FORCE = 5.00e+00.
334
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10. return
Step 8: Define the load step for the pressing load case
1. load step
Menu SetupCreate Load Steps
Analysis load steps
2. name =, pressing_step.
3. SPC LOAD
4. SPC =
5. name name(id).
ID
6. constraints
= 2 ID
7. LOAD = pressing_load
8. type: linear static.
9. create pressing_step.
status "The load step has been created."
10. return
335
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Step 9: ()
1. Model browser pressing_step
constraints pressing_load
2. pressing_step
3. return
Formatting Model for Analysis -

HM-4010

HyperMesh

HyperMesh config
HyperMesh
HyperMesh
HyperMesh
: RADIOSS
channel_brkt_assem_Analysis.hm channel
336
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Step 1: channel_brkt_assem_analysis.hm
Step 2: RADIOSS (Bulk Data)

1. Preferences User Profiles
2. RADIOSS.
3. Menu BulkData.
4. OK
Step 3: bracket RADIOSS

1. collectors card edit ( ) Card Editor

2. elems.
3.
4. edit.
card image RADIOSS CQUAD4

CTRIA3 quad tria EID ID PID ID
G(X) ID
CQUAD4 CTRIA3
5. return card
Step 4: steel card image

channel
1. Model browser Material steel.
2. steel Card Edit.
337
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card image RADIOSS MAT1.

3. [NU] 0.3 0.28.
4. return
Step 5: aluminum
1.
2. Create >> Material.
Create Material
3. Name: aluminum.
4. Card image: = MAT1.
5. Create/Edit
card image
6. [E] 7.0e4

7. [NU] 0.33

8. return
Step 6: (PSHELL card image) channel
1. collectors Properties ( ).
2. create
3. prop name=, channel.
4. type= 2D.
5. card image= PSHELL.
6. material= Steel
7. create/edit.
card editor
8. [T] 3.0
3.0
9. return 2
Step 7: channel channel
1. collectors Components ( ).
2. assign
3. comps >> channel.
4. select
5. property=, channel.
6. assign.
338
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7. return
Step 8: bracket PSHELL card image, 2.0,

aluminum
1. Properties
Menu PropertiesCreate
Collectors properties ( )
2. update
3. props >> bracket. ( props )
4. select
5. card image = PSHELL.
6. material = aluminum. ()
7. update/edit card image
ID MID 2 bracket aluminum ID

8. [T] = 2.0.
9. return Properties
10. return
Step 9: HyperBeam bar(RADIOSS CBEAM)

1. 1D HyperBeam
2. standard section
3. standard section type: solid circle.
4. create HyperBeam
HyperBeam HyperMesh ( HyperBeam HyperMesh

)
20.0000
HyperBeam
5. 20.0000 6 ENTER.
339
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6. auto_standardsection_1.

7. 6mm_Beam_Sect.
8. HyperBeam File Exit.
9. "save data?" Yes.
10. return
10: bar (RADIOSS Bulk Data) bars_prop

1.
Properties create
Model browser
2. bars_prop.
3. card image.
properties type= 1D card image= PBEAM.
Create Properties Card Image: PBEAM.
4. material steel.
5. create/edit
6. card image beamsec >> 6mm_Beam_Sect.
PBEAM 6mm_Beam_Sect
7. return
Step 11: CBEAM PBEAM

1. Properties: assign
2. elems>>by collector bolts
3. select.
4. type= 1D.
5. property= bars_prop
6. assign.
7. return
Step 12: control cards H3D

1. control cards
Menu SetupCreate Control Cards
Analysis control cards
2. FORMAT.
next
FORMAT H3D RADIOSS Hyper3D (H3D)

HyperView Player HTML H3D

3. number_of_formats = 2.
340
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FORMAT
4. H3D HM.
RADIOSS HyperMesh HyperMesh

5. return control cards
FORMAT RADIOSS
6. return
Step 13: RADIOSS

1. File Export....
2. Export Export FE model
3. File: channel_brkt_assem_loading.fem.
RADIOSS .fem
4. Export RADIOSS .fem
RADIOSS
Step 14: channel_brkt_assem_loading.fem
(Notepad, Wordpad, Vi, etc.)

1. channel_brkt_assem_loading.fem.
2.
FORMAT HM HyperMesh
(RADIOSS Bulk Data SUBCASE) pressing_step HyperMesh

(RADIOSS ID )
3. "FORCE."
(RADIOSS FORCE) ID ID 1 2
4. "SPC" (HyperMesh ).
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(RADIOSS SPC) ID ID 2
5. "pressing_load"
pressing_load and constraints ID
HyperMesh IDs
6. channel_brkt_assem_loading.fem.
Step 15 ():
Obtaining and Assigning Beam

Cross-Section Properties using
HyperBeam - HM-4020
HyperMesh HyperBeam

FEA 1-D HyperMesh 1-D (beam, bar,

and rod)
: HyperBeam
hyperbeam.hm
342
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().
Step 1:
1. <installation_directory>\tutorials\hm hyperbeam.hm
2. Preferences User ProfilesOptiStruct.
3. OK.
Step 2: HyperBeam
HyperBeam standard section
HyperBeam HyperBeam Geom

distance
Geom create nodes
1.
- Geom nodes
- on line
- lines
343
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- number of nodes = 3.
- create.
()

2. Geom distance
- Geom distance
- two nodes
- N1 N2
distance = 110
3. HyperBeam
- 1D HyperBeam
- standard section
- switch solid circle
- create.
HyperBeam (Section browser)

(Results window)
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HyperBeam ()
HyperBeam HyperMesh User's Guide / Building Models /

: Calculating Beam Properties HyperBeam
4.
-
- 110 ENTER.
Results window
HyperMesh User's Guide / Building Models /
Calculating Beam Properties / HyperBeam Cross-sectional Properties as
Calculated by HyperBeam
HyperBeam
:
5. Section browser Solid Circle
- Section browser auto1
- Solid Circle ENTER
6. File HyperBeam HyperMesh Yes
beamsect
beamsect
solid section
:
HyperMesh
HyperBeam
345
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Step 3:
HyperBeam shell section
shell_section
HyperBeam
distance
2
1. shell_section
- 1D HyperBeam
- shell section
- lines.
- lines by collector.
- shell_section select.
- cross section plane: fit to entities.
- plane based node specify node
-
- specify node >> base.
- return.
-
- part generation: auto.
- create HyperBeam
/
toggle cross section plane: fit to entities:--
:
fit to entities:

plane base node:

centroid
346
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--Shell section
--
Local Ys Zs
principal Vs Ws
2. 2
-
- 2 ENTER.
Results window
3. Trapezoidal Section.
4. File HyperBeam Yes
HyperBeam
Step 4: HyperBeam
HyperBeam edit section
HyperBeam
HyperMesh beamsect collectors
347
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1. edit section
Trapezoidal Section HyperBeam
- 1D HyperBeam
- edit section
- beamsect Trapezoidal Section
- edit.
HyperBeam

HyperBeam Tools

HyperMesh User's Guide / Building Models / Calculating Beam

Properties HyperBeam HyperBeam Help

HyperBeam
Tools
Break a Segment segment 1-4 ( 1 4 ) Move Vertices

2. segment 1-4 Break a Segment
- Tools Break a Segment.
segment
- 1 4
ID 5 1-4 1-5 5-4
348
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--Breaking a segment
View Vertex IDs

3. Move Vertices 5
- Tools Move Vertices.
- 5
--Moving a vertex
Tools Reorient Shell Section

y-
4. ()
- Tools Reorient Shell Section.
- Specify Origin at current centroid.
- OK.
349
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--Moving the origin to the centroid

5. Reorient Shell Section y- 2
- Tools Reorient Shell Section.
- Specify y-axis origin to vertex 2
- OK.
y- 2
y-
6. HyperBeam
HyperBeam
Step 5: --Create a solid section using surfaces

HyperBeam solid section
2-D solid_section
1. solid_section
- solid section
- surfs.
350
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-
- specify node
-
--Defining the solid section
- analysis type: first order.

HyperBeam
- create HyperBeam
HyperBeam

beamsect collectors Results window

File Export Selection

beam section file (.bm)
files import HyperMesh

2. Results window
- Results window
351
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- Save Results to File.

Save As
-
Results Window

3. "Solid Section"
4. HyperBeam
HyperBeam
properties
property collectors
Step 6: property collector

HyperMesh HyperBeam beamsect
collector
beamsect collector property collector
property collector
PBEAM Solid Circle beamsect collector
1.
Create/edit props name = standard_sectioncard image = PBEAM
- material = steel
- beamsec 2 Solid Circle
HyperBeam PBEAM (A, I1a, I2a, I12a, J, )

bars x-axis
2. standard_section
- 1D bars
- property = standard_section.
- switch vectors
- x-axis.
- node A
-
- 2 node A node B
352
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--Creating a beam element
beam
z- node A node B (x- y-)
x- y-
:
Beamsect collector ()
beamsect collectorproperty collector
Step 7 ():
HyperBeam
property collectors 1-D
1- Creating 1-D Elementsconnector 1-D

Creating Connectors.
Defining Composites - HM-4030
353
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ID

Step 1: composites.hm
1. composites.hm.
2. Preferences User Profiles
3. RADIOSS
4. Menu BulkData.
5. OK.
6. Visualization Shaded Element and Mesh Lines ( ).
tep 2: RADIOSS (Bulk Data)

1. 2D elem types
2. elems all.
(1-D, 2-D, 3-D)

3. update
4. return
Step 3: system ID
1. composites
2. material orientation
3. elems >> all.
4. Material orientation method toggle to by system ID.
5. system ( ID = 1).
6. color lines
7. size = 2.0.
review vectors
8. assign.
9. Collectors Card Edit ( ).

10. elems.
11.
12. edit.
13.
ID RADIOSS (Bulk Data)

CQUAD4 MCID ID=1
354
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RADIOSS (Bulk Data) RADIOSS CQUAD4 PCOMP(G)

HyperMesh x-
x-
14. return Card Previewer.
15. return Card Edit composites
Step 4: Assign element material coordinate direction using a system

axis
1. composites composites material orientation
2. elems >> all.
3. Material orientation method toggle by system axis:
4. system (system ID = 1)
5. system switch local 2-axis.
6. size = 2.0.

7. color review vectors lines
8. project.
9. collector Card Edit ( ).

10. elems.
11.
12. edit.
13.
material angle RADIOSS (Bulk

Data) node1 node2 ( x-)

RADIOSS (Bulk Data) CQUAD4 THETA

THETA
RADIOSS (Bulk Data) RADIOSS

CQUAD4 PCOMP(G)
HyperMesh x-
x-

Step 5: Assign element material coordinate direction using a vector

1. composites material orientation
2. elems >> all.
3. Material orientation method toggle by vector.
355
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4. switch vector.
5. r r-
6. B
7. size = 2.0.

8. color
9. project.
10. collectors Card Edit ( ).

11. elems.
12.
13. edit.
14.
material angle RADIOSS (Bulk

Data) node1 node2 ( x-)


THETA

CQUAD4 PCOMP(G)
HyperMesh x-
x-

Step 6: Assign element material coordinate direction using an angle

1. composites material orientation
2. elems >> all.
3. Material orientation method toggle to by angle.
4. angle = 45.00.
5. size = 2.0.

6. color
7. set

9. elems
10.
11. edit
12.
356
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45 RADIOSS (Bulk Data)

node1 node2 ( x-)

tools normals
45 45THETA

CQUAD4 PCOMP(G)
HyperMesh x-
x- **This option should
be used only in situations where great care has been taken to assure that the node1-node2
direction of the shell elements are initially aligned properly.**
Step 7: ply
1. composites ply directions
3. yellow_sample
4. select.
5. ply = 1.
ply
Yellow_sample PCOMP
yellow_sample PCOMP

7. props.
8. props.
9. yellow_sample.
10. select.
11. edit.
12.
The first ply defined on the PCOMP card is the most negative z-axis ply as determined from
the element normal. All ply angles on the PCOMP card are relative to the material
coordinate direction set in the above exercises using right hand rule.
tools normals RADIOSS
(Bulk Data) RADIOSS PCOMP(G)
15. size = 2.0.

16. color
357
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17. review
18. ply ID, review ply
ply Ply RADIOSS (Bulk

Data) PCOMP
Working with Loads on Geometry -

HM-4040
:
c-channel0.hm.
C-channel
Step 1: c-channel0.hm
c-channel OptiStruct
358
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1. c-channel0.hm.
2 C C-channel
3. OptiStruct.
4. OK.
Step 2: constraints, forces, pressure

1. Model browser CreateLoadCollector.
2. Name: constraints.
3.
4. Card image: none.
5. Create.
6. pressure forces no card images
Analysis forces, moments, constraints, pressures,

temperatures
constraints, pressure, forces
c- 8 8
()
359
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Step 3: Analysis constraints c- 8

1. Model browser constraints Make Current
2. BCs Create Constraints Constraints
3. create
4. lines.
5. c- 8
--Lines to constrain
6. size= 1.

7. label constraints
8. dof1, dof2, dof3, dof4, dof5, dof6
Dofs 1, 2, 3 x, y, z
Dofs 4, 5, 6 x, y, z
9. load types = SPC.
10. create.
label constraints
11. return
Step 4: pressures 25
1. Model browser Make Current pressure
2. BCs Create Pressures Pressures
3. create
4. surfs c-channel
360
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--Surfaces to apply pressure to
5. magnitude =25

6. magnitude % = uniform size =.

7. uniform size = 1.

8. label loads

9. load types = PLOAD.
10. create.
+
( PLOAD4) HyperMesh (P) options modeling

11. return
Step 5: 8
1. Model browser forces
2. BCs Create Forces Forces
3. create
4. points 8 c-channel
361
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--Fixed points to apply forces to
5. global system.
6. switch uniform size =.
7. uniform size = 1.
8. label loads
9. magnitude = 15.

10. magnitude = switch z-axis.
11. load types = FORCE.
12. create.
z-fixed points
13. return
--Loads on geometry
362
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loads organize
:
Step 6:
automesh ()
1. F12 automesh
2. surfs.
3. surfs displayed.
5. mesh type mixed.
6. toggle elems to current comp elems to surf comp.

7. automatic.
HyperMesh

8. mesh.
9. return
c-
363
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Step 7:
geom
elems
load on geom constraints

pressure
1. Analysis load on geom
2. loadcols constraints
3. select.
4. map loads.

elems
--Constraints mapped to the elements
5. 7.1 - 7.4 pressure
Step 8:
Export tab ASCII (

)
Custom
all
displayed
364
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display
()
1. Model browser
Model browser
2. File Export....
3. Export options ( )
4. Export: Displayed OptiStruct
display export displayed

RADIOSS FORCE

5.
6. Export
export
all/displayed disp
Step 9:
365
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1. automesh
2. surfs displayed.
4.
5. mesh.
automesh

Step 10: load on geom

1. Analysis load on geom
2. loadcols constraints pressure forces
3. select.
4. map loads.
Step 11 ():
366
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HyperMesh tutorials Modeling / Solver Specific
Go to HyperMesh Tutorials.
Working with Include Files - HM-4060
include
includes
includes
includes
include

HyperMesh include LS-DYNA 970

FEA include
"includes" HyperMesh
include Include browser includesInclude browser
include HyperMesh
include
Step 1: LS-DYNA
include Import ( )
Merge: includes
HyperMeshHyperMesh has no knowledge regarding individual include files with this
option.
Skip: INCLUDE
Include
Preserve: INCLUDE include
include include
HyperMesh include
( include ) hypermesh
367
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LS-DYNA LS-DYNA ( include )

include
2. LsDyna.
3. OK.
FE FE
4. Import ( )
5. Import FE model
Import option nclude Files: Preserve
6. <installation_directory>\tutorials\hm\master.k
7. Import.
master.k HyperMesh include wheels.key

frame.key engine.key
include HyperMesh
Step 2: Include browser

View Include browser
include Include browser
Include Browser
Include browser includes

config
1. View Include Browser Include browser.
368
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Master Model include browser Data

include (master model) include
( ) include
include

config
2. engine.key include
include Component, Material, Card, Property.

3. engine include Component
engine.key include
4. includes Master Model
wheels.key include groups sets

:
5. Collapse Include
6. Master Model Show, Hide, Isolate.
369
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7. Isolate includes
frame.key include
8. Include browser
Include browser includes
Include browser
Step 3: includes, includes entities

includes Include browser include
organize Include browser
( SHIFT CTRL ) include include master model
include organize locate
include organize
locate include
1. Master Model New Include File
master model include

: master model inlclude include
2. include doors.key
include include
: include include
3. Tool organize
4. includes comps
5. dest = doors.key
comps SHELL:
6. DOOR-LEFT, SHELL: DOOR-RIGHT, SHELL: DOOR-WINDOWG-LEFT
7. move include
/ doors.key include
8. doors.key include
9. doors.key Isolate
370
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doors.key
10. Display All.

11. organize includes mats
12. locate.

13. MATL1_38.
dest = include ( master)

wheels.key include
Include browser include

include locate include
Step 4: include
Master Model ( Include browser )

Include browser Make Current
include include include current include
Include browser Include File Options include

include
371
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Export Export options include
Merge: include
include
Preserve: include
include
includebarrier.dyn
include
1. Include browser Master Model New Include File.

2. include barrier.dyn.
include

3. barrier.dyn Import Includes.
Import
Select file... ( )
4. <install_directory>\tutorials\hm\barrier.dyn.
HyperMesh
5. barrier.dyn include
barrier.dyn barrier.dyn doors.key

engine.key,
frame.key, wheels.key includes
This is a visual representation of the export option that is set for each of these three
includes.
6. engine.key Include File Options.
372
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Include File Options
File path: Do not export

includes includes HyperMesh
master includes
frame.key, wheels.key engine.key master.k

( master.k )
includes Do not export
7. Do not export engine.key, frame.key wheels.key Set
includes
8. include Export All Includes.
Export all includes
373
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OK open file ( )
9. Save.
10. includes Include browser
include Export
: ( ) preserve
flat export merge
includes
include browser includes
OptiView - HM-4070

optimization problems
2 Run both problems

Step 1: HyperMesh
Step 2: cclip.fem
1. Import ( ) Import Fe Model ( ).
2. file type OptiStruct
File <installation_directory>\tutorial\hm\
3. select cclip.fem
374
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Step 3: Problem 1 optimization entities
Model browser Optimization View ( ).

1.
2. Optimization Repository.
Optimization Repository Info types children entities

3. Optimization Problems Create Optimization Problem

4. problem Topology
5. problem
problemproblem

Step 4: Define a new set of optimization entities

1. Model browser optimization view Create, Free Size Desvar.
Free Size Optimization free size design variable

2. shells free size design variable
/
Topology Free Size
Step 5: 2 optimization entities

Create Optimization Problem problem
1. Free Size
2. problem
Free Size 2 (design variables)

3. shell Remove from Problem.
375
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Step 6:
1. Topology problem Set Export.

2. OptiStruct
3. export options custom.
4. cclip_topology.fem.
5. OptiStruct
Optimization View .hm
6. Free Size HyperView
Customization
Scripts
Add a Button to the User Page on the Utility Menu - HM-8010
Create a Utility Menu Macro From a Command File - HM-8020
Create a Utility Menu Macro to Create Constraints on a Plane - HM-8030
376
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Create a Utility Menu Macro from a Tcl Script - HM-8040

Create Forces on Nodes and Add a Button on the User Page - HM-8050
Calculate the Resultant Sum of Forces - HM-8060
Create Spline Surfaces on Tria Elements - HM-8070
Calculate the Radius of an Arc - HM-8080
Create an OptiStruct PSHELL property - HM-8090
Scriptsscript

Add a Button to the User Page on the Utility Menu - HM-8010

Create a Utility Menu Macro From a Command File - HM-8020
Create a Utility Menu Macro to Create Constraints on a Plane - HM-8030
Create a Utility Menu Macro from a Tcl Script - HM-8040
Create Forces on Nodes and Add a Button on the User Page - HM-8050
Calculate the Resultant Sum of Forces - HM-8060
Create Spline Surfaces on Tria Elements - HM-8070
Calculate the Radius of an Arc - HM-8080
Create an OptiStruct PSHELL property - HM-8090
Add a Button to the User Page on the

Utility Menu - HM-8010
Utility User
Tools
Utility User
377
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Menu View Utility Menu

Utility User
Tcl/Tk userpage.mac
HyperMesh userpage.mac
UNIX userpage.mac
Userpage.mac HyperMesh Utility User
User Tcl/Tk userpage.mac

*createbutton
*createbutton(page, name, row, column, width, COLOR, helpString,
macroName [ , arg1 ])
page User 5
name " "
row
0

column (0-10)
width ( = 10).
COLOR RED, BLUE, GREEN,

CYAN, MAGENTA, YELLOW, GRAY, BUTTON
()
helpString " "
macroName " "
arg1 arguments
User HyperMesh lighting.tcl
Step 1: userpage.mac
userpage.mac
HyperMesh userpage.mac
378
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Windows My Documents UNIX

userpage.mac
userpage.mac
Step 2: --Add the command to create the button

1. userpage.mac
*createbutton(5,"Lighting",10,5,5,YELLOW,"Launch the lighting.tcl
script","EvalTcl","lighting.tcl")
EvalTcl HyperMesh globalpage.mac
Tcl
full pathreferencelighting.tcl
HyperMesh
A full path can be specified if the file is not located in one of the predefined paths that
searches to find scripts. TCL_INCLUDE

2. userpage.mac
HyperMesh .mac
1. userpage.mac
HyperMesh .mac Files Load Macro

hm\scripts\<profile name> .mac
hm\bin\<platform> hm.mac
Utility User Lighting Step 2

2. 10 5 Utility
Create a Utility Menu Macro From a

Command File - HM-8020
HyperMesh
379
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Utility
Utility User
Tools
Utility Tcl Utility
Utility templex *beginmacro

*endmacro
arguments $1, $2,

value .mac userpage.mac
Utility
*beginmacro(macroname)
command statements go here
*endmacro()
Utility HyperMesh Tcl
Utility User
1.
2. command.cmf
3. HyperMesh
4. command.cmf
5. userpage.mac
6. wrapper commands*beginmacro and *endmacro
7. *createbutton Step 6
8. .mac HyperMesh userpage.mac
9.
Step 1:
macro
one-button HyperMesh temp.hm
Menu FilesSave as.

Save.
Step 2: command.cmf
command.cmf HyperMesh HyperMesh

HyperMesh command.cmf
380
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HyperMesh
Step 3: HyperMesh
HyperMesh HyperMesh
command.cmf
1. Files Save as.
2. temp.hm

3. Save.
Step 4: command.cmf
1. command.cmf
2. command.cmf *writefile

3.
1. userpage.mac
2. userpage.mac command.cmf *writefile
Step 6: Modify as necessary and add Utility menu macro wrapper

commands
1. *writefile
*writefile("temp.hm",0)
Enclose the commands from Step 5 between the wrapper commands *beginmacro
2. *endmacro *beginmacro macroSave
*beginmacro(macroSave)
*writefile("temp.hm",0)
*endmacro()
macroSave *createbutton macroName

3. *writefile *answer(yes)
*answer(yes) yes temp.hm
381
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4. userpage.mac
Step 7:
User
1. userpage.mac
*createbutton(5,"Save File",20,0,10,GREEN,"Save file","macroSave")
page 5 (User ) 20 0
10 Step 6 macroSave
2. userpage.mac
Step 8: current .mac HyperMesh

userpage.mac
HyperMesh.mac Files Load choose
Macro hm\scripts\<profile name> mac
hm.mac in the hm\bin\<platform>
Step 9:
1. Utility User
User Save File

2.
*writefile HyperMesh
start-up ( temp.hm)
Create a Utility Menu Macro to Create

Constraints on a Plane - HM-8030

Utility
Utility User
382
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Tools
HyperMesh Utility Tcl
A Utility templex *beginmacro

*endmacro Macros arguments$1, $2,
argument macros .mac

userpage.mac
Utility
*endmacro()
Utility HyperMesh Tcl modify commands
load collectors
Menu Collectors Create Load Collector
Collectors load collectors
menu View Toolbars Collectors Collectors
load collectors
constraints
Analysis constraints
Menu BCs Create Constraints
constraints
Utility User
1.
2. command.cmf start-in
3. HyperMesh
4. command.cmf
383
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5. userpage.mac
6. wrapper *beginmacro *endmacro.
7. *createbutton Step 6
8. .mac userpage.mac
9.
Step 1:
one-button
load collectors

constraints
YZ
Step 2: command.cmf

hypermesh command.cmf
HyperMesh
command.cmf
Step 3: Perform the operations in HyperMesh

HyperMesh HyperMesh
command.cmf
1. Files Open c_channel-tcl.hm.
2. load collectors
3. create
4. name= constraints.
5. create
6. constraints
7. create
8. nodes on plane
XY z-z XY base node

select XY

9. create.
Step 4: command.cmf
1. command.cmf
2.
384
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*createmark ID
HyperMesh A mark is a storage buffer in HyperMesh.
ID mark
() 2
mark
1. userpage.mac
2. userpage.mac command.cmf
Step 6: Modify as necessary and add Utility menu macro wrapper

commands
Enclose the commands in Step 5 between the wrapper commands *beginmacro and
*endmacro. *beginmacro macroEdge_Const
1. command.cmf
*beginmacro(macroEdge_Const)
*collectorcreate(loadcols,"constraints","",11)
*createmark(nodes,1) 3358-3360 3296 3297 3142 etc
*loadcreateonentity_curve(nodes,1,3,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)
*endmacro()
macroEdge_Const *createbutton macroName

*createmark(nodes,1) *createmark(nodes,1) "on plane" 0 0 0
2. 1 0 0 0.5 1 0
"on plane" (0,0,0) (1,0,0)

0.5
YZ See the Input Collectors
macro
*beginmacro(macroEdge_Const)
*collectorcreate(loadcols,"constraints","",11)
*createmark(nodes,1) "on plane" 0 0 0 1 0 0 0.5 1 0
*loadcreateonentity(nodes,1,3,1,0,0,0,0,0,0)
*endmacro()
385
cae ,
3. userpage.mac
Step 7:
User
1. userpage.mac
*createbutton(5,"Edge Const",18,0,10,GREEN,"Add constraints to outer

edge of elements","macroEdge_Const")
page 5 (User ) 20 0
10 Step 6 macroSave
2. userpage.mac
Step 8: .mac HyperMesh

userpage.mac
HyperMesh.mac Files Load choose
Macro hm\scripts\<profile name> mac
hm.mac in the hm\bin\<platform>
Step 9:
1. Utility User
User Edge Const

2.
constraints
by plane YZ

*createmark
*createmark(elements,1) "by displayed"
*createmarkpanel *createmark
*createmarkpanel

Utility Tcl
hm_getstring

386
cae ,
Create a Utility Menu Macro from a Tcl

Script - HM-8040
HyperMesh
Utility
Utility User
Utility Tcl Utility

*endmacro
arguments $1, $2,

Utility
*endmacro()
Tcl Utility Tcl User
1.
3. HyperMesh
4. command.cmf
5. Tcl Tcl
6. utility Tcl
*createbutton Step 6 Tcl script
7.
387
cae ,
8. .mac HyperMesh userpage.mac

9.
Step 1:
one-button
Menu Files Save as.

Save.
Step 2: command.cmf
command.cmf HyperMesh
HyperMesh
HyperMesh
command.cmf

HyperMesh HyperMesh
command.cmf
1. Menu Files Save as.

2. temp.hm

3. Save.
Step 4: command.cmf
1. command.cmf
2. command.cmf *writefile

3.
Step 5: Tcl
savefile.tcl
1. savefile.tcl
2. savefile.tcl command.cmf *writefile
388
cae ,
3. () ,
*writefile temp.hm 0
4. *writefile *answer yes
temp.hm*answer yes yes
parentheses
5. savefile.tcl
Step 6: Utility Tcl

Utility
*evaltclscript
macro wrapper
1. *beginmacro *endmacro *beginmacro EvalTcl
*beginmacro("EvalTcl")
*evaltclscript($1,0)
*endmacro()
EvalTcl *createbutton macroName

2. userpage.mac
Step 7:
User
1. userpage.mac
*createbutton(5,"SaveFile TCL",15,0,10,GREEN,"Save file using TCL
macro", "EvalTcl","savefile.tcl")
page 5 (User ) 20 0
10 Step 6 EvalTcl
full pathreferencelighting.tcl
HyperMesh
2. userpage.mac
Step 8: .mac HyperMesh userpage.mac
HyperMesh.mac Files Load Macro

hm\scripts\<profile name> mac
389
cae ,
Step 9:
1. Utility User
User Save File

2.
*writefile HyperMesh
start-up
temp.hm
Create Forces on Nodes and Add a

Button on the User Page - HM-8050

Utility
Utility User
Utility Tcl Utility

*endmacro
arguments $1, $2,

Utility
*endmacro()
load collectors
Menu Collectors Create Load Collector
Collectors load collectors
Menu View Toolbars Collectors
390
cae ,
load collectors
forces
Analysis forces
Menu BCs Create Forces
forces
Tcl Utility Tcl User
1.
3. HyperMesh
4. command.cmf
5. Tcl Tcl
6. Utility Tcl
*createbutton Step 6 Tcl script
7.
8. .mac userpage.mac
9.
Step 1:
one-button
load collectors

forces

Step 2: command.cmf
391
cae ,
command.cmf HyperMesh
HyperMesh
HyperMesh
command.cmf
Step 3: HyperMesh
HyperMesh HyperMesh
command.cmf
1. Menu File... Openc_channel-tcl.hm.
2. load collectors
3. create
4. name= forces.
5. create
6. forces
7. create
8. nodes
a. z-axis
b. magnitude= 23.
c. Toggle magnitude % uniform size=15.
9. create
Step 4: command.cmf
1. command.cmf
2.
*loadsize(1,15,0,1)
*createmark(nodes,1) 3237
*loadcreateonentity_curve(nodes,1,1,1,0,0,23,0,0,23,0,0,0,0,0)
*createmark ID
HyperMesh A mark is a storage buffer in HyperMesh.
ID mark
() 2
mark
Step 5: create_force.tcl Tcl

1. create_force.tcl
2. create_force.tcl command.cmf
3. () ,
392
cae ,
*loadsize 1 15 0 1
*createmark nodes 1 3237
*loadcreateonentity_curve nodes 1 1 1 0 0 23 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0

*createmark magnitude *createmark
generic
4. *createmarkpanel *createmark
*createmarkpanel
*loadsize 1 15 0 1
*createmarkpanel nodes 1 "Select nodes for load creation"
*loadcreateonentity_curve nodes 1 1 1 0 0 23 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0
hm_getfloat
*loadcreateonentity_curve
5. magnitude
*loadsize 1 15 0 1
*createmarkpanel nodes 1 "Select nodes for load creation"
set mag_val [hm_getfloat "Magnitude=" "Enter force magnitude:"]
*loadcreateonentity_curve nodes 1 1 1 0 0 $mag_val 0 0 $mag_val 0

0 0 0 0
6. create_force.tcl
Step 6: Utility Tcl

Utility *evaltclscript Tcl wrapper
1. *beginmacro *endmacro*beginmacro EvalTcl
*beginmacro("EvalTcl")
*evaltclscript($1,0)
*endmacro()
EvalTcl *createbutton macroName
2. userpage.mac
Step 7:
User
1. userpage.mac
393
cae ,
*createbutton(5,"Create Force",16,0,10,GREEN,"Create z-direction

force on selected nodes","EvalTcl","create_force.tcl")
page 5 (User ) 16 0
10 Step 6
create_force.tcl
full pathreferencecreate_force.tcl
HyperMesh
2. userpage.mac
Step 8: .mac HyperMesh

userpage.mac
HyperMesh.mac Files Load Macro
hm\scripts\<profile name> mac
Step 9:
1. Utility User
Create Force User

2. Tcl z-

auto1
Tcl Tcl
Creating Tcl Scripts Running Tcl Scripts
394
cae ,
Calculate the Resultant Sum of Forces -

HM-8060
Tcl

Tcl if, foreach expr

hm_getentityvalue HyperMesh
HyperMesh x, y, z
HyperMesh Reference Guide > Scripts >
Introduction > Data Names
hm_getentityvalue data names

data
name
hm_getentityvalue entity_type id data_name flag
entity_type () id ID
data_name flag 0 1
ID12 x-
set force_x [hm_getentityvalue loads 12 "comp1" 0]
Tcl
x, y, z
1.
2.
3. Tcl
4.
Step 1:
395
cae ,
Step 2: Determine the data names to use to extract the force

components
comp1 x
comp2 y
comp3 z
config "1"
"2"
"8"
"9"
entitytype (1=, 3=, 10=set )
node node
when a load is applied to a node, this serves as a

pointer to the node
inputsystemid ID
Step 3: Tcl

*createmarkpanel loads 1 "Select forces to compute resultant";
set loads_list [hm_getmark loads 1];
set x_comp_sum "0";
set y_comp_sum "0";
set z_comp_sum "0";
if {$loads_list != ""} {
foreach load_id $loads_list {
set x_comp_sum [expr $x_comp_sum + [hm_getentityvalue
loads $load_id "comp1" 0]];
set y_comp_sum [expr $y_comp_sum + [hm_getentityvalue
396
cae ,
set z_comp_sum [expr $z_comp_sum + [hm_getentityvalue
hm_usermessage "Resultant force: $x_comp_sum, $y_comp_sum
$z_comp_sum ";
} else {
hm_errormessage "No loads selected";
Step 4:
Menu View Command Window Configuration Command
1. window
2. Command window
3.
source filename.tcl
Command window Tcl Tcl


as opposed to moments, pressures
as opposed to comps or sets,

4. status
Create Spline Surfaces on Tria

Elements - HM-8070
Tcl
397
cae ,
Tcl if, foreach, incr

hm_getentityvalue HyperMesh
HyperMesh x, y, z
hm_getentityvalue data names

data
name
entity_type () id ID
data_name flag 0 1
ID12 x-
set force_x [hm_getentityvalue loads 12 "comp1" 0]
Tcl
3-node IDs
1.
2. IDs data names
3. Tcl
4.
Step 1: --Define the process

IDs

Step 2: Determine the data names to use to extract the element type and
node IDs
config , 103
node1 (node pointer)
398
cae ,
Step 3: Tcl
Tcl
*createmarkpanel elems 1 "Select tria elements to create surfaces";
set elems_list [hm_getmark elems 1];
if {$elems_list != ""} {
hm_commandfilestate 0;
*entityhighlighting 0;
set success_count 0;
foreach elem_id $elems_list {
set config [hm_getentityvalue elems $elem_id "config" 0];
if {$config != 103} {
continue;
}
set node1 [hm_getentityvalue elems $elem_id "node1.id" 0];
*surfacemode 4;
*createmark nodes 1 $node1 $node2 $node3;
*splinesurface nodes 1 0 1 1;
incr success_count;
}
*clearmark nodes 1;
*clearmark elems 1;
hm_usermessage "$success_count splines created."

} else {
hm_errormessage "No elements selected";
}
Step 4:
1. Menu Files Open spline-tcl.hm
399
cae ,

2. window
3. Command window
4.
source filename.tcl
Command windowTcl Tcl


5.
if/elseif
pointerspointer
This means they point to the data names available for nodes
pointer pointer
In order to retrieve any data from a pointer, the data name requested for the particular
pointer must also be supplied.

The additional data names are separated by a period or dot (.).
*entityhighlighting hm_commandfilestate
*entityhighlighting *createmark
hm_commandfilestate
reset
Calculate the Radius of an Arc -

HM-8080
Tcl if expr hm_getentityvalue

HyperMesh
HyperMesh x, y, z
hm_getentityvalue
400
cae ,
entity_type )id ID data_name
flag 0 1 (0)(1)
ID 12 X set force_x [hm_getentityvalue loads

12 "comp1" 0]
Tcl
1.
2.
3. Tcl
4.
Step 1:
Step 2:
globalx x
globaly y
globalz z
Step 3: Tcl
Tcl
*createmarkpanel lines 1 "Select line to find radius";
set line_list [hm_getmark lines 1];
if {$line_list == ""} {
hm_errormessage "No lines selected";
} elseif {[llength $line_list] != 1} {
hm_errormessage "Only one line may be selected";
} else {
401
cae ,
*nodecreateonlines lines 1 3 0 0;
*createcenternode -1 -2 -3;
*createmark nodes 1 -1 -2 -3 -4;
set node_list [hm_getmark nodes 1];
set id [lindex $node_list 0];

set x1 [hm_getentityvalue nodes $id "x" 0];
set y1 [hm_getentityvalue nodes $id "y" 0];
set z1 [hm_getentityvalue nodes $id "z" 0];
set id [lindex $node_list 3 ];

set x2 [hm_getentityvalue nodes $id "x" 0];
set y2 [hm_getentityvalue nodes $id "y" 0];
set z2 [hm_getentityvalue nodes $id "z" 0];
set dx [expr $x1 - $x2];

set dy [expr $y1 - $y2];
set dz [expr $z1 - $z2];
set radius [expr sqrt(($dx*$dx) + ($dy*$dy) + ($dz*$dz))];
*nodecleartempmark;
hm_usermessage "Radius = $radius";
}
hm_markclear lines 1;
hm_markclear nodes 1;
Step 4:
1. Files radius-tcl.hm Open.
2. window
3. Command window
4. source
source filename.tcl
402
cae ,
Command window Tcl Tcl


5.
*entityhighlighting hm_commandfilestate
*entityhighlighting *createmark
hm_commandfilestate
reset
Create an OptiStruct PSHELL property -

HM-8090
Tcl

OptiStruct PSHELL

Tcl if *dictionaryload *attributeupdatedouble
-
ID
HyperMesh <altair_home>\templates\feoutput
- IDs
*defineattribute IDs
- HyperMesh
command.cmf
Property collectors
Menu Properties Create
Collectors property collectors
Menu View Toolbars Collectors
403
cae ,
Property collectors
Tcl
1.
3. HyperMesh
4. command.cmf
5. Tcl
6.
Step 1: -- Define the process

PSHELL
PSHELL
Step 2: command.cmf

HyperMesh
command.cmf

HyperMesh HyperMesh
command.cmf
1. OptiStruct
2. property collectors
3. create
404
cae ,
4. name=
5. card image= PSHELL.
6. material=
Tcl

7. create/edit
8. T
9. return.
Step 4: command.cmf
1. command.cmf
2.
Step 5: Tcl
1. Tcl
2. command.cmf Tcl
3. (), (;)
*collectorcreateonly properties "my_prop" "" 11;
*createmark properties 2 "my_prop";
*dictionaryload properties 2
"C:/Altair/hw10.0/templates/feoutput/optistruct/optistruct"
"PSHELL";
*attributeupdateint properties 1 3240 1 2 0 1;
*attributeupdatedouble properties 1 95 1 0 0 1;
*attributeupdatedouble properties 1 116 1 0 0 0.833333;
PSHELL
ID *Dictionaryload
4. *attributeupdate
405
cae ,

"PSHELL";

*attributeupdatedouble ID
5. ID ID ()
*createmark properties 2 -1
set prop_id [hm_getmark props 2];
"PSHELL";
*attributeupdatedouble properties $prop_id 95 1 1 0 0.25;
*createmark ID -1
6. hm_info
*dictionaryload properties 2 "[hm_info -appinfo SPECIFIEDPATH

TEMPLATES_DIR]/feoutput/optistruct/optistruct" "PSHELL";
*attributeupdatedouble properties $prop_id 95 1 1 0 0.25;

set prop_name [hm_getstring "Name="];
set prop_thick [hm_getfloat "Thickness="];
*collectorcreateonly properties "$prop_name" "" 11;
*createmark properties 2 "$prop_name";

*attributeupdatedouble properties $prop_id 95 1 1 0 $prop_thick;
7.
set prop_name [hm_getstring "Name="];
406
cae ,
if {$prop_name == ""} {
hm_errormessage "No name specified.";
return;
} elseif {[hm_entityinfo exist properties $prop_name byname] == 1}
{
hm_errormessage "Property already exists.";
return;
}
set prop_thick [hm_getfloat "Thickness="];
if {$prop_thick == "" || $prop_thick <= 0.0} {
hm_errormessage "Invalid thickness value specified.";
return;
}
*collectorcreateonly properties "$prop_name" "" 11;
*createmark properties 2 "$prop_name";
*attributeupdatedouble properties $prop_id 95 1 1 0 $prop_thick;
Step 6: --Test the script

Menu View Command Window Configuration
1. Command window
2. Command window
3. source
source filename.tcl
Command windowTcl Tcl

Post-Processing
Exporting Data for Fatigue Analysis - HM-9000

Free Body Diagram - HM-9010
407
cae ,
Exporting Data for Fatigue Analysis -

HM-9000
fatigue
Step 1:
keyhole.hmFE
/
1. Menu File Open....
2. keyhole.hm
Step 2:
1. Menu FileLoad Results File.
2. keyhole.res
Step 3:
1. Post fatigue
2. Toggle FE Analysis Type: static/modal.
keyhole.res
: transient dynamic /
3. Toggle Output File Format: ascii
: binary
Panels online Help fatigue

4. browse

5. data group =
data groups
: HyperMesh Panels online help fatigue
6. select simulation: all.
408
cae ,
output all
keyhole.res /
all / range
: selection
fatigue
FE
data group
nodes elements
/
setsdata group results HyperMesh
: "Results file doesnt contain nodal values."
7. elems.
8. elems >> by window.
9.
10. interior.
11. select entities.
12. write.
ASCII
Go to HyperMesh tutorials.
Free Body Diagram - HM-9010
409
cae ,
FBD
HyperMesh FBD

Perform free body diagrams within HyperMesh to understand load paths and export free
body loads to detailed models of interest as boundary conditions (BCs) within a
submodeling scheme
Global loads model of a generic wing.
Spar2 element set from the global loads model (middle Spar) with free body loads extracted.
Detailed model of Spar2 with free body loads applied as BCs from global loads model.
410
cae ,
1: Potato Plots
Creating Shear Moment Diagrams and Potato Plots from Global Loads
Model using Resultant Force and Moment Functionality
2: --
Extracting Free Body Loads from Global Loads Model and Transfering to Detailed Model as
Boundary Conditions - Submodeling Techniques
1: Potato
Plots
icw_ex1.hm
Step 1: spar2
1. HyperMesh icw_ex1.hm.
2. RADIOSS (BulkData)
1. Standard Load User Profile ( )

2. Toggle RADIOSS BulkData
3. OK
3. Menu Tools Set Browser.
Spar2 sets
Set Browser
4. Sets Elements
5. Spar2 Isolate
Spar2 visualization
Shaded Elements and Mesh Lines ( )
411
cae ,
Spar2 Menu Geometry Create Nodes

6. Create Nodes
7. Toggle between
8. create.
9. Spar2 step 1.8

10. return Create Nodes
11. Systems
Geometry Create Systems
1D systems
spar x- create by axis
12. direction
13. origin ( step 1.8)
14. ( step 1.9) x-
15. xy-
412
cae ,
16. rectangular create.

17. return Systems
Step 2: Spar2
Post Free Body Cross-Section FBD Cross-section
1. Manager

set

summation node

()
FDB Cross-section Manager Advanced options Auto
2. create cross-section
Spar2
potato plots
413
cae ,
3. Elements 2 Spar2
4. proceed.
5. Nodes 2 Spar2
6. proceed.
7. Element set prefix

Spar2_E Node set prefix Spar2_N.

set
set
414
cae ,
8. Sets accumulate
9. Accept.
Auto create cross-sections
10. Advanced options Auto create cross-sections

11. Display sections
Show model

(Spar2_E1; Spar2_N1) SHIFT
12. (Spar2_E8; Spar2_N9)

CTRL/SHIFT Summation Node
Result System
13. Result System 2
14. Spar2 -( Step 1 102) proceed.
: 102 Model browser (Model tab) Longeron2

102 102 x- spar y-

Z-web
415
cae ,
sum node centroid

15. Close FBD Cross-Section Manager
Step 3: Spar2
Menu
Post Free Body Resultant Force and Moment Resultant
1. Force and Moment tab
2. .op2 icw.op2
.op2 HyperMeshFBD
.op2 .op2 Subcases
FBD documentation in the HyperMesh User's guide
3. Loadsteps CTRL/SHIFT
Cross-sections CTRL/SHIFT
4. Spar2
5. Output options
Function
Coordinate System

Zero tolerance Defines any number less than this

number is set to zero for numerical
issues.
Create load collectors

Show summary table .csv (

)

416
cae ,
Create .csv file .csv

Create .fbd file .fbd

HyperGraph
potato plots
6. Coordinate system 2
7. Spar2 - 102 proceed.

8. Zero tolerance = 0.01

9. Create load collectors
10. Show summary table
Create .csv file select from list. ( ) .csv (

11. ) icw_res_force_moment.csv
Create .fbd file select from list. ( ) .fbd

12. () icw_res_force_moment.fbd
HyperMesh
13. Accept
Resultant Force and Moment Output Summary
()

(Mx, My, Mz) (rXF)

(Fx, Fy, Fz)
417
cae ,
() Excel .csv ()
14. icw_res_force_moment.csv
15. () .fbd icw_res_force_moment.fbd
HyperMesh
HyperGraph
potato plots
16. Close Resultant Force and Moment
Step 4: FBD
Menu
Post Free Body Results Manager FBD Results Manager
1.
2. Element Set 2
3. set Spar2_E2.
4. proceed.
FDB Results Manager Show model
5. set set
6. Results type Resultant Force and Moment
Loadsteps:
418
cae ,
7. Loadsteps SUBCASE1.
Node sets:
8. Node sets Spar2_N3.
Display options Fy ( Y-) Mz (

9. principal bending moment Z-)
FBD Cross-Section Manager

set set

10. () Update load collector color color
FBD

11. Accept
12. () Steps 4.2-4.14
13. Reset reset the form.
14. Close FBD Results Manager
Step 5: Spar2 potato plots

1. HyperView Menu Applications HyperView
419
cae ,
2. HyperView HyperGraph
Menu Utilities Free Body Diagrams Potato Plot Potato Plot
3.
4. Select from list. ( ) icw_res_force_moment.fbd
.fbd form
5. Sections Spar2_E1_Spar2_N1 potato plots.
Potato plots --
Potato plots
Spar2_E1_Spar2_N1 Spar2
Spar2
Potato plots
Fy Mz

6. Loadsteps CTRL/SHIFT
7. Potato Plots X component Fy ()
8. Y Component Mz ()
9. Add plot
X Y Add Plot potato plots

Delete Plots
10. () Plot Titles Title Subtitle
Plot Options Reverse sign
11. Spar2_E1_Spar2_N1
12. Reverse selected section
Step 6.11
13. Label points: Loadstep
14. Apply potato plots
()Potato plots
Spar2_E1_Spar2_N1 potato plot
/ SUBCASES 9, 11, 14, 16
spar
#2 FBD Spar2 FBD

spar
420
cae ,
Step 6: Generate shear moment diagrams for Spar2 for

selected subcases
1. HyperView HyperView
2. HyperView HyperGraph
Menu Utilities Free Body Diagram Shear Moment Plot Shear
3. Moment Plot
4. Select from list. ( )icw_res_force_moment.fbd
.fbd form
Sections CTRL/SHIFT Spar2
5. (Spar2_E1_Spar_N1 Spar2_E8_Spar2_N9)
Loadsteps SUBCASE 9, SUBCASE 11, SUBCASE 14, SUBCASE 16
6. Step 6.5
VMT Plots X component X(X) X
7. 102 x- Spar
X X, Y, Z (Step 3, part 6)
VMT Plots Y component Fy Mz Spar2
8.

set set

9. () Plot Titles Title Subtitle

Plot Options Reverse sign
10. Spar2_E1_Spar2_N1
11. Reverse selected section
421
cae ,

The option is useful since, for this particular plot, all cross-sections
were defined coming from the right. [Spar2_E1_Spar2_N1]
sets
nodal cross-section definition

12. Envelop results
/ Y envelop

13. Layout
One plot per loadstep, One plot per Y

Component, One curve per plot (=* Y )
4 2 Y 8
8 One Plot per loadstep

4 4 2 Y

One Plot per Y component 2 Y

4 4

14. Apply
S = My/I T = VQ/IT
M ( Mz) V ( Fy)
HyperBeam ( 1D HyperBeam)
422
cae ,
2: Extracting Free Body Diagrams from Global Loads Model and

Transfering to Detailed Model as Boundary Conditions

icw_ex2.hm
423
cae ,
Step 1: FBD Forces

1. 1 HyperMesh icw_ex2.hm
2. menu Post Free Body Force FBD Forces
3. icw.op2 .op2 file: icw.op2
.op2 HyperMeshFBD
.op2 .op2 Subcases
FBD documentation in the HyperMesh User's guide
Loadsteps SUBCASE 9, SUBCASE 11, SUBCASE 14, SUBCASE

4. 16 1Step 5
5. Entity selection Element Set 2
6. set Spar2
7. proceed
Spar2
Shaded Elements and Mesh Lines
( )
8. Result System 2

Spar2 ( 1step1 102 )
9. proceed

102 102 x- spar y-

Z-web
424
cae ,
10. Summation Node 2 proceed.
( all loads) 0
=0
( applied load only
reaction loads only) 0
FBD Forces Output options
Output Function
FBD type
(GPFORCE)GPFORCE
SPCMPC FBD types
include All loads (
GPFORCE )Applied loads only
() Reaction loads
only ( SPC MPC )
Zero tolerance Defines any number less than this number

is set to zero for numerical issues.
Create load collectors

425
cae ,
Show summary table .csv ()

Create .csv file .fbd

HyperGraph
potato plots
11. FBD type All Loads.

12. Zero tolerance 0.01.
13. Create load collectors
14. Show summary table.
15. Create .csv file icw_fbd_force.csv
16. Accept FBD
FBD Forces Output Summary FBD ()

(Mx, My, Mz)
(rXF) (Fx, Fy, Fz)
Free Body All Loads 0

SUM FBD 0

() Microsoft Excel icw_fbd_forces.csv

17.
18. Close FBD Forces
FBD vector review
426
cae ,
Step 2: Use FBD Results Manager to review FBD force vectors in

graphics area
Post Free Body Results Manager FBD Results Manager
1.
2. Element Set 2
3. set Spar2
4. select
5. proceed
() Show model
6.
7. Results type FBD Forces All Loads.
FBD Forces All Loads Loadsteps

8. Loadsteps SUBCASE 9.

9. Display options, Fy ( Y-).

set set
10. () Update load collector color color
FBD

11. Accept FBD

() steps 2.6 2.13 / FBD Forces All Load
12.
13. Reset
14. Close FBD Results Manager
427
cae ,
Step 3: FBD FBD .fem
Post Free Body Export Manager FBD Export Manger

1.
2. Element Set
3. set, Spar2.
4. proceed.
5. Results type FBD Forces All Loads.
FBD Forces
6. Loadsteps, SUBCASE 9, SUBCASE 11, SUBCASE 14, SUBCASE 16.
Create appropriate loadsteps Output file
7. spar2_fbd_forces.fem
8. Add to Export.
FBD
accept
FBD FBD result type accept

Reset
9. Export.
/
HyperMesh ( detailed model)
detailed model

10. Reset.
428
cae ,
11. Close FBD Export Manager

12. () File Save as HyperMesh icw_final.hm.
13. Menu Bar File Exit HyperMesh
Step 4: .fem FBD detailed model
1. HyperMesh spar2_ex2.hm
2. File, Import... Import
Import type: FE Model, File type: RADIOSS (Bulk Data), :
3. spar2_fbd_forces.fem.
4. Import.
Spar2 detailed model

Mesh Check Nodes, Equivalence Edges
5.

6. Toggle comps elems.
8. preview equiv.
18
9. equivalence Spar2
Spar2

R-(RBE2 RBE3)

10. return Edges
11. Collectors Delete Components Delete
12. comps.
13. TempMass.
14. select.
15. delete entity TempMass
16. return Delete
Model LoadCollector f Hide
17.
18.
(load collector) Collectors Create
1. Load Collectors loadcols
429
cae ,
2. create loadcol name = Const.

3. color
4. Toggle no card image.
5. create.
Note: Const
()
Mesh Assign
6. Node Analysis System Systems > Assign
7.
8. system.
9. 102 (x-y-z-)
Note: 102 Model browser (Model tab)

Longeron2
10. set displacement
11. return Systems
BCs Create Constraints

12. Constrains
13.
14. dof1, dof2, dof3.
15. create.
16.
17. dof1 dof3.

18. create
19.
20. dof3.

21. create
22. return constraints
19.
1. Setup Edit LoadSteps loadsteps
2. name = SUBCASE 9.
430
cae ,
3. Toggle linear static

4. SPC, =, Const
6. update.
7. SUBCASE 11, SUBCASE 14, SUBCASE 16
Setup, Create, Control Cards Control Cards
20.
21. FORMAT.
22. number_of_formats 2 ENTER
2 FORMAT
23. FORMAT HM OUTPUT2
return HyperMesh .res (HM) .op2 HyperView
24.
25. DISPLACEMENTS.
26. return
27. STRESS.
28. return
29. return control cards
30. File Save As spar2_ex2_analysis.hm.
Applications RADIOSS RADIOSS > bulk
31.
32. run options analysis.
33. export options, all.
Radioss RADIOSS options
34. optiskip Radioss
35. RADIOSS return RADIOSS
36. Post Deformed
37. Simulation = SUB9 PosShear PosMoment PosT.
38. data type = Displacements.
39. deform Spar2
40. return deformed
41. Post contour contour
42. Simulation = SUB9 PosShear PosMoment PosT.
43. data type = Von Mises Stress.
44. legend
45. Toggle find maximum maximum = 100000.
46. contour
47. () contour
48. return contour
49. () FileSave
HyperMesh spar2_ex2_analysis.hm
50. File Exit HyperMesh.
431
cae ,
432

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Suggested Order Getting

File Location HyperWorks

Opening and Saving Files - HM-1010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~13

Working with Panels - HM-1020 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17

Organizing a Model - HM-1030 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~23

Controlling the Display - HM-1040 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~31

Generating a Midsurface - HM-2010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~47

Simplifying Geometry - HM-2020~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(49)

Refining Topology to Achieve a Quality Mesh - HM-2030~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~56

Creating and Editing Line Data - HM-2040~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~64

Creating Surfaces from Elements - HM-2050~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~75

Creating and Editing Solid Geometry - HM-2060~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~83

Meshing without Surfaces - HM-3110~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~114

2-D Mesh in Curved - HM-3120~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(120)

QI Mesh Creation - HM-3130~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(123)

Batch Meshing - HM-3140~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(127)

Meshing a Model Using Shrink Wrap - HM-3150~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(135)

Creating a Hex-Penta Mesh using Surfaces - HM-3210~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(150)

Creating a Hexahedral Mesh using the Solid Map Function - HM-3220~~~~~~~~~~(162)

CFD Mesh - HM-3230~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(169)

CFD Mesh - HM-3240~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(179)

CFD Mesh - HM-3250~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(185)

CFD Mesh Plane 2-D Meshing with Boundary Layers - HM-3260~~~~~~~~~~~(196)

Using the TetraMesh Process Manager - HM-3270~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(207)

Creating Area Connectors - HM-3410~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(254)

Creating Bolt Connectors - HM-3420~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(259)

Part Replacement Through Connectors - HM-3430~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(262)

Changing a Curvature Using Map to Geometry - HM-3530~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(270)

Changing a Profile Using Map to Sections - HM-3540~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(272)

Morph Volume - HM-3550~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(273)

Basics of Domains and Handles - HM-3560~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(276)

Altering Cross-Sections Using Domains - HM-3570~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(281)

Morphing About an Axis Using Domains - HM-3580~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(283)

Morph Adhesive Layers - HM-3590~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(285)

Morph Tube to Different Configurations - HM-3600~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(288)

Shaping a Dome Using Cyclic Symmetry - HM-3610~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(292)

Shaping a Bead Using Cyclic Symmetry - HM-3620~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(296)

Morph a Symmetric Part onto a New Geometry - HM-3625~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(302)

Morphing with Shapes - HM-3630~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(306)

Interpolating loads Using Shapes - HM-3640~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(311)

Creating Shapes Using Record - HM-3650~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(315)

Maintaining Area Using Constraints - HM-3660~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(318)

Positioning a Dummy Using Limiting Constraints - HM-3670~~~~~~~~~~~~~(321)

Preserving a Shape Using Cluster Constraints - HM-3680~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(323)

Remeshing Domains After Morphing - HM-3690 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(327)

Formatting Models for Analysis - HM-4010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(336)

Obtaining and Assigning Beam Cross-Section Properties using HyperBeam - HM-4020~(342)

Defining Composites - HM-4030~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(353)

Working with Loads on Geometry - HM-4040~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(358)

Working with Include Files - HM-4060~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(367)

Create a Utility Menu Macro From a Command File - HM-8020~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(379)

Create a Utility Menu Macro to Create Constraints on a Plane - HM-8030~~~~~~~(382)

Create a Utility Menu Macro from a Tcl Script - HM-8040~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(387)

Calculate the Resultant Sum of Forces - HM-8060~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(395)

Create Spline Surfaces on Tria Elements - HM-8070~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(397)

Calculate the Radius of an Arc - HM-8080~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(400)

Create an OptiStruct PSHELL property - HM-8090~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(403)

Free Body Diagram - HM-9010~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(409)

Finding the Installation Directory

HyperWorks Update Information Altair Home:

Getting Started with HyperMesh - HM-1000

Getting Started with HyperMesh -