In Behaviouralism, the Qunatitative underpinning of the discipline of geography remained intact.

Comment.

The criticism of Quantitaive revolution mainly

that the normative laws did not explain the reality and hence the laws did not have any
predictive value.
Man becoming mechanical.
Overwheming effort to quantify.
Over emphasis to make geography as a natural science.

The above criticisms led to Behaviouralism phase in geography of the 1960s.

Movement of Behavioralism had 4 distinguishing features:

Differentiated environmental congition of people from the way they Act to that of the true
nature of the real world. This implied space possesses dual character. 1. Objective environment.
2. Behavioural environment.
Individuals shapes, behaves and responds according to his physical and social environments.
Tends to focus on individual approach rather than that of social group.
Multidisciplinary in outlook.

In Behaviouralism, the Qunatitative underpinning of the discipline of geography were not challenged
because:

The behavioural approach which had disillusionment with QR phase did not in any means question the
basic role of positivist approach which was the basis of QR phase. The dissatisfaction was mainly with
the general method and its underlying postulates.

The objective of behavioralism was to replace the simplistic and mechanistic conceptions of man-
environment relationships with a new theory that views human actors in space as thinking beings whose
actions are mediated by cognitive processes.

The behavioralist was concerned with the full spectrum from the subconscious impulse to the self-
conscious deliberation in the process of decision-making.

Statement made by Gold behavioralism has been gradual emergence and consolidation of a set of
approaches that aim to increase the scope of geographical explanation by seeking a fuller understanding
of the process that underpin real-world behaviour. This statement clearly states that behavioralism was
not a revolution but an evolution over QR phase with slight changes.

Another statement by Cox who termed Behavioualism as Business as usual is another indication that
behaviouralists could not revolutionarise the movement but was ultimately a positivist approach which
underpinned Quantitaive revolution in one way or another.