5/20/2016 DetermineTheInSituDryDensityOfSoilBySandReplacementMethod

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DetermineTheInSituDryDensityOfSoilBySandReplacement
Method
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ThistestisdonetodeterminetheinsitudrydensityofsoilbysandreplacementmethodasperIS:2720(PartXXVIII)1974.Theapparatusneededis
i)SandpouringcylinderconformingtoIS:2720(PartXXVIII)1974
ii)CylindricalcalibratingcontainerconformingtoIS:2720(PartXXVIII)1974
iii)Soilcuttingandexcavatingtoolssuchasascrapertool,bentspoon
iv)Glassplate450mmsquareand9mmthickorlarger
v)Metalcontainerstocollectexcavatedsoil
vi)Metaltray300mmsquareand40mmdeepwitha100mmholeinthecentre
vii)Balance,withanaccuracyof1g

ProcedureToDetermineTheInSituDryDensityOfSoilBySandReplacementMethod
A.Calibrationofapparatus
a)Themethodgivenbelowshouldbefollowedforthedeterminationoftheweightofsandintheconeofthepouringcylinder:
i)Thepouringcylindershouldbefilledsothatthelevelofthesandinthecylinderiswithinabout10mmofthetop.Itstotalinitialweight(W1)should
bemaintainedconstantthroughoutthetestsforwhichthecalibrationisused.Avolumeofsandequivalenttothatoftheexcavatedholeinthesoil(or
equaltothatofthecalibratingcontainer)shouldbeallowedtorunoutofthecylinderundergravity.Theshutterofthepouringcylindershouldthenbe
closedandthecylinderplacedonaplainsurface,suchasaglassplate.

ii)Theshutterofthepouringcylindershouldbeopenedandsandallowedtorunout.Whennofurthermovementofsandtakesplaceinthecylinder,the
shuttershouldbeclosedandthecylinderremovedcarefully.

http://www.engineeringcivil.com/determinetheinsitudrydensityofsoilbysandreplacementmethod.html 1/7
5/20/2016 DetermineTheInSituDryDensityOfSoilBySandReplacementMethod
iii)Thesandthathadfilledtheconeofthepouringcylinder(thatis,thesandthatisleftontheplainsurface)shouldbecollectedandweighedtothe
nearestgram.

iv)Thesemeasurementsshouldberepeatedatleastthriceandthemeanweight(W2)taken.
b)Themethoddescribedbelowshouldbefollowedforthedeterminationofthebulkdensityofthesand(Ys):

i)Theinternalvolume(V)inmlofthecalibratingcontainershouldbedeterminedfromtheweightofwatercontainedinthecontainerwhenfilledtothe
brim.Thevolumemayalsobecalculatedfromthemeasuredinternaldimensionsofthecontainer.

ii)Thepouringcylindershouldbeplacedconcentricallyonthetopofthecalibratingcontainerafterbeingfilledtotheconstantweight(W1).Theshutter
ofthepouringcylindershouldbeclosedduringtheoperation.Theshuttershouldbeopenedandsandallowedtorunout.Whennofurthermovementof
sandtakesplaceinthecylinder,theshuttershouldbeclosed.Thepouringcylindershouldberemovedandweighedtothenearestgram.

iii)Thesemeasurementsshouldberepeatedatleastthriceandthemeanweight(W3)taken.

B.Measurementofsoildensity
Thefollowingmethodshouldbefollowedforthemeasurementofsoildensity:
i)Aflatarea,approximately450sq.mmofthesoiltobetestedshouldbeexposedandtrimmeddowntoalevelsurface,preferablywiththeaidofthe
scrapertool.

ii)Themetaltraywithacentralholeshouldbelaidonthepreparedsurfaceofthesoilwiththeholeovertheportionofthesoiltobetested.Theholein
thesoilshouldthenbeexcavatedusingtheholeinthetrayasapattern,tothedepthofthelayertobetesteduptoamaximumof150mm.Theexcavated
soilshouldbecarefullycollected,leavingnoloosematerialintheholeandweighedtothenearestgram(Ww).Themetaltrayshouldberemovedbefore
thepouringcylinderisplacedinpositionovertheexcavatedhole.

iii)Thewatercontent(w)oftheexcavatedsoilshouldbedeterminedasdiscussedinearlierposts.Alternatively,thewholeoftheexcavatedsoilshould
bedriedandweighed(Wd).

iv)Thepouringcylinder,filledtotheconstantweight(W1)shouldbesoplacedthatthebaseofthecylindercoverstheholeconcentrically.Theshutter
shouldthenbeopenedandsandallowedtorunoutintothehole.Thepouringcylinderandthesurroundingareashouldnotbevibratedduringthisperiod.
Whennofurthermovementofsandtakesplace,theshuttershouldbeclosed.Thecylindershouldberemovedandweighedtothenearestgram(W4).

CALCULATIONS

REPORTINGOFRESULTS
Thefollowingvaluesshouldbereported:
i)drydensityofsoilinkg/m3tothenearestwholenumberalsotobecalculatedandreporteding/cccorrecttothesecondplaceofdecimal
ii)watercontentofthesoilinpercentreportedtotwosignificantfigures.
Asampleproformafortherecordofthetestresultsisgivenbelow.

http://www.engineeringcivil.com/determinetheinsitudrydensityofsoilbysandreplacementmethod.html 2/7
5/20/2016 DetermineTheInSituDryDensityOfSoilBySandReplacementMethod

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DayanidhiBalabantarayJune9,2012at6:21am

Thankyoucivilengineeringportal.itsveryhelpfulsiteforallcivilengineers.

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