Presenter: Ya-ching Hsieh

M 10341018
Conjunctions are joining Coordinating
words, phrases, clauses or
Conjunctions

sentences together.
Correlative
Example:
Conjunctions
Lucy is a good dancer and
her sister Mary is a good
Subordinating
athlete. Conjunctions
 The conjunctions that are used for joining
grammatical units of the same class or pattern
are called coordinating conjunctions.

of equal rank-->join independent statements or clauses

Example:
She has typed your letters and
posted two of them.
(Two verb phrases are connected.)
The commonly used coordinating conjunctions:

F A N B O Y S
for and nor but or yet so
 F- for introduces the reason for the first clause
(should have a comma before for)
Examples:
I go to the library, for I love to read.

The neighborhood had a memorial last weekend,

for a familys son had passed away.
 A- and joins two or more ideas together

Examples:
Mona cleaned the cupboard, and arranged the books.
The president arrived and gave an hour-long speech.
(It can also be used to connect a series of events)

Its good and cold. = Its very cold.

(Adj. + and = adv.)
 N- nor shows a non-contrasting, negative idea

Examples:
He didnt return my calls, nor did he respond to
any of my texts.

I didnt think that it would snow so early in the

year, nor did the weather forecast.
 B- but shows contrast or exception

Examples:
The dress was beautiful but slightly expensive.

I dont like to cook, but I do it anyway.

He applied to ten universities, but he only visited

three of them.
 O- or joins two alternative ideas

Examples:
He dont like ice cream or cake.

You can come buy groceries with me, or you can

stay home until I get back.

Shall we go now or when your father comes?

 Y- yet joins contrasting ideas

Examples:
He had been crying all day, yet the man made him
laugh.
The sauce was sweet yet had a spicy flavor to it.
 S- so shows consequence

Examples:
The traffic is a bit heavy on the main road, so try
taking a residential detour instead.

The mistake was already made, so theres not

much you can do about it now.
 F- for introduces the reason for the first clause
A- and joins two or more ideas together
N- nor shows a non-contrasting, negative idea
B- but shows contrast or exception
O- or joins two alternative ideas
Y- yet joins contrasting ideas
S- so shows consequence
Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction to connect
two independent clauses.

Co o rd in atin g
M a i n c lau s e Mai n clau s e
co n ju n ct ion

I dont like to cook but I do it anyway.

Do not use a comma between two words joined by a coordinating conjunction.

Bruce grows tomatoes
tomatoes, and lettuce in his garden.
All coordinating conjunctions can be replaced with a comma,
colon, or semi-colon, except or and nor.

J as on love s to t rave l , but H arry li ke s s t ay ing at h om e.

J as o n love s to t rave l ; H a r r y li ke s s t ay ing a t h o m e.

Mas was good at arithmetic, __________ he
never got an A.

A.and
A.and
B.yet
B.yet
C.for
C.for
D.so
The record company noticed consumers today
prefer to purchase music electrically and
__________ to focus on Internet music sales.

A. decide
B. decided
C. decision
D. decisive
The government insisted that he had not
accepted bribes while in office, __________ had
he made secret deals with any companies.

A. and
B. but
C. so
D. nor