HUE UNIVERSITY

HUE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

----------

ASSIGNMENT
ENGLISH VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION

LECTURER : ON THANH TUN

STUDENT : HONG TH HA
STUDENT CODE : 15F7011023
GROUP : 3

Hue, 2017

1
 Topic: ECONOMICS

http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/business/145683/vietnam---china-economic-relations-
after-25-years.html

1. China is now the largest trading partner of Vietnam with a total turnover of nearly $60
billion in 2014 and the ninth largest investor of the 105 countries and territories investing
in Vietnam.

2. Vietnam and China normalized relations in November 1991. Since then, bilateral trade
and investment ties between the two countries have been restored and are growing
quickly. The two countries signed a bilateral trade agreement and both are members of
the ASEAN - China Free Trade Agreement. They are negotiating the Regional
Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP).

3. In the past 24 years, total trade turnover between Vietnam and China has increased more
than 1,930 times, from $30 million in 1991 to $58.6 billion in 2014. In particular, the
balance of trade is increasingly in favor of China. In the past 15 years, trade deficit with
this country has been on the rise, from $190 million in 2011 to $28.8 billion in 2014 and
up to $24.3 billion for the January-September period of 2015, according to the General
Statistics Department.

4. Vietnams main export items to China include minerals such as crude oil, coal and some
agricultural products like vegetables, rice, and cassava ... (equivalent to $5-6 billion in
2014). This figure is very small compared with tens of billions of US dollars that
Vietnam paid for imported raw materials, machinery, and consumer goods from China.

5. In the first decade (1991-2001), China's FDI in Vietnam was very modest compared with
its total overseas investment. As of December 2001, China had 110 projects with a total
value of $221 million in Vietnam. At present, the number of valid projects in Vietnam is
about 1,180, with total registered capital of $8.5 billion.

6. Previously China's FDI focused on the areas of hotel, restaurant and consumer goods
production on a small scale. Recently it has shifted to manufacturing processing industry,
electricity and real estate. The biggest project is the nearly-$2 billion Vinh Tan thermal
power plant I. Yet, this country's investment only focuses on the usual lines, not having
any hi-tech projects with huge investment.

2
 Ch : KINH T

http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/business/145683/vietnam---china-economic-relations-
after-25-years.html

1. Trung Quc hin l i tc thng mi ln nht ca Vit Nam vi tng doanh thu gn 60
t la vo nm 2014 v l nh u t ln th chn ca 105 quc gia v vng lnh th
u t vo Vit Nam.

2. Vit Nam v Trung Quc bnh thng ha quan h vo thng 11 nm 1991. K t ,

quan h thng mi v u t song phng gia hai nc c khi phc v ang
pht trin nhanh chng. Hai nc k mt hip nh thng mi song phng v c hai
u l thnh vin ca Hip nh Thng mi T do ASEAN - Trung Quc. H ang m
phn v i tc Kinh t Ton din Vng (RCEP).

3. Trong 24 nm qua, tng kim ngch thng mi gia Vit Nam v Trung Quc tng
hn 1.930 ln, t 30 triu la nm 1991 ln 58,6 t la vo nm 2014. C th, cn
cn thng mi ang ngy cng thun li cho Trung Quc. Theo Tng cc Thng k,
trong 15 nm qua, thm ht thng mi vi nc ny tng ln, t 190 triu USD nm
2011 ln 28,8 t USD trong nm 2014 v ln ti 24,3 t USD trong giai on thng 1- 9
nm 2015.

4. Cc mt hng xut khu ch yu ca Vit Nam sang Trung Quc bao gm cc loi
khong sn nh du th, than v mt s mt hng nng sn nh rau, go, sn ... (tng
ng vi 5-6 t la vo nm 2014). Con s ny rt nh so vi hng chc t la M
m Vit Nam tr cho nguyn liu, my mc v hng tiu dng nhp khu t Trung
Quc.

5. Trong thp k u tin (1991-2001), FDI ca Trung Quc Vit Nam rt khim tn so
vi tng u t nc ngoi. Tnh n thng 12 nm 2001, Trung Quc c 110 d n
vi tng gi tr 221 triu USD Vit Nam. Hin ti, s lng cc d n hp l Vit
Nam l khong 1.180, vi tng vn ng k l 8,5 t USD
.
6. Trc y, FDI ca Trung Quc tp trung vo cc lnh vc sn xut khch sn, nh hng
v hng tiu dng trn quy m nh. Gn y n chuyn sang sn xut cng nghip
ch bin, in v bt ng sn. D n ln nht l nh my nhit in gn 2.000 t la
M. Tuy nhin, u t ca nc ny ch tp trung vo cc tuyn ng thng thng,
khng c cc d n cng ngh cao vi u t ln.

3
 Topic: ECONOMICS

http://bdg-vietnam.com/de/about/news/details/items/vietnam-economic-outlook-2017/

1. A large number of experts believe that Vietnam will be able to achieve its target
economic growth of 6.7% in 2017. This is due to three main factors: a sustainable rise in
FDI, local production recovery and improvements in domestic business environment.
Vietnam in recent years has actively fostered integration by signing different free trade
agreements with industrialized economies, which serves as an impetus for foreign
investors to enter and develop in Vietnam. With sustained strong levels of FDI inflows,
Vietnams exports are expected to surge in 2017 and consequently contribute to the
overall economic growth.

2. Other than gaining investment from the outside, Vietnamese government is also
showing enormous effort in reforming the domestic market by equitizing the state-
owned companies. For example, in 2016, the government decided to sell the entire stake
in large state-owned enterprises such as Vinamilk, Sabeco, Habeco, etc. Following this
effort, domestic business environment is expected to improve because these companies
can now be managed more effectively while at the same time, the market becomes more
competitive.

3. By the end of 2016, the inflation is successfully kept at below 5%. However, this figure
is expected to be higher in 2017 due to economic pressures and the budget deficit. The
government could potentially increase the money supply causing the inflation to rise to
5-8%.

4. Despite enormous effort in integration, Vietnams economy still depends largely on

China. The Chinese economy is foreseen to decelerate in 2017 leading to a weaker
Chinese Yuan. Thus, this will be likely to reduce the amount of exports from Vietnam
while increase the amount of imports from China, which would restrain the overall
economic growth of Vietnam.

5. Uncertainties in global economy also become a challenge for Vietnam. Political events
such as Donald Trump became a new elected US president and Brexit are likely to
affect the global growth and international trade. Other uncertainties derived from
fluctuated prices of commodity and energy, unusual monetary policy from developed
countries, natural disasters and so on.

4
 Ch : KINH T

http://bdg-vietnam.com/de/about/news/details/items/vietnam-economic-outlook-2017/

1. Mt s lng ln cc chuyn gia tin rng Vit Nam s c th t c mc tiu tng

trng kinh t ca n l 6,7% trong nm 2017. iu ny l do ba yu t chnh: s gia
tng bn vng trong FDI, phc hi sn xut trong nc v ci thin mi trng kinh
doanh trong nc. Vit Nam trong nhng nm gn y tch cc bi dng hi nhp
bng cch k hip nh thng mi t do khc nhau vi cc nn kinh t cng nghip,
phc v nh l mt ng lc cho cc nh u t nc ngoi nhp v pht trin ti
Vit Nam. Vi duy tr mc mnh m ca dng vn FDI, xut khu ca Vit Nam d
kin s tng trong nm 2017 v do gp phn vo s tng trng kinh t ni chung.

2. Ngoi vic thu ht u t t bn ngoi , chnh ph Vit Nam cng ang cho thy n
lc rt ln trong vic ci cch th trng trong nc bng cch c phn ha cc cng ty
nh nc. V d, trong nm 2016, Chnh ph quyt nh bn ton b c phn cho cc
doanh nghip ln ca nh nc nh Vinamilk, Sabeco, Habeco vv Sau n lc ny, mi
trng kinh doanh trong nc d kin s ci thin bi v cc cng ty ny gi y c th
c qun l hiu qu hn trong khi ti cng mt thi im, th trng tr nn cnh
tranh hn.

3. n cui nm 2016, lm pht c gi thnh cng mc di 5%. Tuy nhin, con s

ny d kin s cao hn nm 2017 do p lc kinh t v thm ht ngn sch. Chnh ph
c kh nng c th lm tng cung tin gy lm pht s tng ln 5-8%.

4. Mc d n lc rt ln trong hi nhp, nn kinh t Vit Nam vn ph thuc phn ln vo

Trung Quc. Nn kinh t Trung Quc ang d kin chm li vo nm 2017 dn n mt
ng nhn dn t Trung Quc gim . Do , iu ny s c kh nng lm gim lng
xut khu t Vit Nam trong khi tng lng hng nhp khu t Trung Quc , trong
s cn tr s tng trng kinh t chung ca Vit Nam.

5. Nhng bt n trong nn kinh t ton cu cng tr thnh mt thch thc i vi Vit

Nam. S kin chnh tr nh Donald Trump tr thnh mt tng thng M c c mi
v Brexit c th s nh hng n tng trng ton cu v thng mi quc t. Bt trc
khc c ngun gc t gi bin ng ca hng ha v nng lng, chnh sch tin t bt
thng t cc nc pht trin, thin tai v vn vn.

5
 Topic: ENVIRONMENT

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2013/03/21/vietnams-climate-change-laws/

1. Vietnam is one of the fastest growing economies in southeast Asia. However, as a

relatively minor emitter of greenhouse gases, it has made no 2020 pledge under the
Copenhagen Accord or the Cancun Agreements.

2. Vietnam has the highest population density in southeast Asia (excluding Singapore)
and, as it lies in the tropical cyclone belt, it is vulnerable to weather-related hazards,
suffering from floods, droughts, saltwater intrusion and landslides.

3. It was recognised by the UN as one of 5 countries likely to be most affected by climate

change.

4. Vietnams National Climate Change Strategy states that between 2001 and 2010,
damage caused by weather-related disasters has led to 9,500 dead and missing people
and a loss of around 1.5% of GDP per year.

5. Consistent with the predicted impacts elsewhere, climate change is likely to hit hardest
those areas with already high levels of poverty. Given this vulnerability, and the
relatively low level of emissions of greenhouse gases, Vietnams approach to climate
change has been dominated by adaptation to the impacts.

6. Recognising the importance of Vietnams forests, the country has been chosen as one of
13 to participate in the UN Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation
Programme (UN REDD) and is focusing on win-win actions such as tackling erosion
and landslides.

7. Mitigation will become increasingly important. To power the predicted economic

growth over the next few years, electricity demand is predicted to treble by 2020.
Nuclear is expected to play a role and the government has set a target of producing 8000
MW from nuclear energy by 2025.

8. At the same time, renewable energy has been identified as the source of electricity with
the highest potential for development and modest targets have been set to increase the
share of renewable energy (excluding hydro) in electricity production from 3% in 2010
to 5% in 2020 and 11% by 2050.

6
 Ch : MI TRNG

http://www.climatechangenews.com/2013/03/21/vietnams-climate-change-laws/

1. Vit Nam l mt trong nhng nn kinh t pht trin nhanh nht ng Nam . Tuy
nhin, v mt lng pht thi kh nh knh tng i nh, n khng thc hin c
cam kt theo Hip nh Copenhagen hoc Tho thun Cancun nm 2020

2. Vit Nam c mt dn s ng nht ng Nam (tr Singapore), v nm trong di

nhit i nhit i, n d b nh hng bi cc nguy c v thi tit, l lt, hn hn, xm
nhp mn v st l t.

3. Vit Nam c Lin Hp Quc cng nhn l mt trong 5 quc gia c kh nng b
nh hng nhiu nht bi bin i kh hu.

4. Chin lc Quc gia v bin i kh hu ca Vit Nam cho bit t nm 2001 n nm

2010, thit hi do thin tai gy ra lm cho 9.500 ngi cht v mt tch v thit hi
khong 1,5% GDP mi nm.

5. Ph hp vi cc tc ng d on ni khc, bin i kh hu c th s nh hng

nhiu nht n nhng khu vc c mc i ngho cao. Vi tnh trng d b tn thng
ny v mc pht thi kh nh knh tng i thp, cch tip cn ca Vit Nam i vi
bin i kh hu b chi phi bi vic thch ng vi cc tc ng.

6. Nhn thc c tm quan trng ca rng Vit Nam, nc ny c chn l mt

trong 13 nc tham gia Chng trnh hp tc ca Lin Hp Quc v gim pht thi t
ph rng v suy thoi rng(UN REDD) v ang tp trung vo cc hnh ng "thng li"
nh gii quyt nn xi mn v st l t.

7. Gim thiu s tr nn ngy cng quan trng. Nhm thc y tng trng kinh t d
on trong vi nm ti, nhu cu in d kin s tng cao vo nm 2020. Ht nhn d
kin s ng mt vai tr v chnh ph t mc tiu sn xut 8000 MW t nng lng
ht nhn vo nm 2025.

8. ng thi, nng lng ti to c xc nh l ngun nng lng c tim nng pht

trin cao nht v cc mc tiu khim tn tp trung tng t trng s dng nng lng
ti to (tr thy in) t sn xut in t 3% nm 2010 ln 5% 2020 v 11% vo nm
2050.

7
 Topic: ENVIRONMENT

http://dtinews.vn/en/news/021/50373/national-programme-targets-42--forest-cover-by-
2020.html

1. Vietnams national forest cover is targeted to reach 42% of the total land area,
equivalent to 14.4 million hectares, by 2020

2. It is among the goals set out in the Prime Minister-approved national programme on
reducing greenhouse emissions through the limitation of deforestation and forest
degradation, preservation and improvement of carbon reserves, and sustainable
management of forest resources (Programme REDD+) until 2030.

3. The programme also seeks to contribute to eliminating greenhouse emissions via

REDD+ activities in the next three years, stabilise the area of natural forests by 2030 at
least at the same level as in 2020 and increase the national forest cover to 45%, thus
contributing to realising the national target of cutting 8% of greenhouse emissions by
2030 compared to a Business-as-Usual (BAU) scenario as committed in the Paris
Agreement on climate change.

4. The programme will be implemented on a national scale from 2017 to 2030, prioritising
the pressing regions with regard to deforestation and forest degradation, those
vulnerable to climate change and those with a high potential for forest carbon reserves.

5. Efforts will be made to review and adjust the forest and forest land use planning, aiming
to ensure that 16.24 hectares of forest land are used for forestry purposes by 2020;
support the sustainable agricultural and fishery production and prevent deforestation and
forest degradation; improve forest administration and livelihoods of the people living in
or near forests; and strengthen the enforcement of forestry laws.

6. Additionally, the programme will assess and replicate the models of high-yield forest
production and large timber forests; pilot, evaluate and replicate the sustainable natural
forest management models; protect, preserve and rehabilitate forests; and improve the
economic and financial environment for the forestry sector.

8
 Ch : MI TRNG

http://dtinews.vn/en/news/021/50373/national-programme-targets-42--forest-cover-by-
2020.html

1. Mc che ph rng quc gia ca Vit Nam l 42% tng din tch t, tng ng
vi 14,4 triu ha vo nm 2020.

2. l mt trong nhng mc tiu ra trong chng trnh quc gia v gim pht thi kh
nh knh thng qua hn ch mt rng v suy thoi rng, bo tn v ci thin tr lng
cacbon v qun l bn vng ti nguyn rng (Chng trnh REDD +) cho n nm
2030.

3. Chng trnh cng s gp phn xo b kh nh knh thng qua cc hot ng REDD +

trong ba nm ti, n nh din tch rng t nhin n nm 2030 t nht bng cng mc
vi nm 2020 v tng che ph rng quc gia ln 45%, gp phn thc hin mc tiu
quc gia Mc tiu ct gim 8% kh thi nh knh vo nm 2030 so vi kch bn BAU
nh cam kt trong Hip nh Paris v bin i kh hu.

4. Chng trnh s c thc hin trn quy m quc gia t nm 2017 n nm 2030, u
tin cc vng m ph lin quan n nn ph rng v suy thoi rng, nhng ngi d b
tn thng do bin i kh hu v nhng ngi c tim nng tr lng ccbon rng cao.

5. Cc n lc s c thc hin r sot v iu chnh quy hoch s dng t rng v

t lm nghip m bo rng 16,24 ha t lm nghip c s dng vo mc ch
lm nghip vo nm 2020; H tr sn xut nng nghip, ng nghip bn vng v ngn
chn nn ph rng v suy thoi rng; Ci thin qun l lm nghip v sinh k ca ngi
dn sng trong hoc gn rng; V tng cng vic thi hnh cc lut lm nghip.

6. Ngoi ra, chng trnh s nh gi v nhn rng m hnh sn xut rng c nng sut
cao v rng g ln; Th im, nh gi v nhn rng cc m hnh qun l rng t nhin
bn vng; bo v, Bo tn v ci to rng; V ci thin mi trng kinh t v ti chnh
cho ngnh lm nghip.

9
 Topic: TOURISM

https://www.vietnamonline.com/attraction/hue-imperial-citadel.html

1. Famously being one of Vietnams seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Imperial
City of Hue has long been a must-see attraction for tourists visiting a hidden charm of
Vietnam. The Imperial City of Hue was actually a walled fortress and palace belonged
to the ancient city of Hue which was a capital city of the Nguyen Dynasty for 140 years
date back from 1805 until 1945.

2. The grandeur architecture was planned to be built in 1803 by Gia Long an emperor
who founded the Nguyen Dynasty. During 27 years from 1805 to 1832, the Imperial
City of Hue was finally completed under the reign of Minh Mang, making it the most
massive structure being built in the history of modern Vietnam involving thousands of
workers, millions cubic meters of rock and huge volume of burden workload. It locates
on the northern bank of Huong River, turning South with total land area of 520 ha. The
place was made UNESCO Site in 1993 with the remained buildings being actively
restored and preserved after the destruction from the Vietnam War.

3. The Imperial City of Hue has a circumference of 10 kilometers with the height of 6.6
meters and 21 meters thick with forts being meanderingly arranged, accompanied by
cannons, artilleries and ammunitions. Initially the fortress was built solely by soil, only
to be replaced by bricks afterward. Surrounding the city is the complicated canal system
served not only as a protection but also as a waterway with nearly seven kilometers.

4. There are total of ten main majestic gates leading to the Imperial City of Hue, which can
be divided into two main parts excluding houses and mansions: The Citadel and The
Forbidden City. The former served to protect the important palaces inside while the
latter was where the emperor and the royal family stayed as well as the courts
workplace. All the typically traditional Eastern architectures including majestic palaces,
tombs and museums stand accordantly together to make an utmost amusing attraction
right in the heart of Vietnam.

5. There is no difficulty getting to the Imperial City. From Phu Bai International Airport,
head straight to 1A Highway and youll be standing right next to a massive gate leading
its way inside; just prepare 50.000 VND for the ticket and all theres left for you to do is
sightseeing the magnificence of the Imperial City of Hue.

10
 Ch : DU LCH

https://www.vietnamonline.com/attraction/hue-imperial-citadel.html

1. Ni ting l mt trong by Di sn Th gii ca UNESCO , Hong Thnh Hu t lu

l mt im thu ht ng xem cho du khch ving thm nhng nt quyn r b n ca
Vit Nam. Hong Thnh Hu tht s l mt pho i v cung in c tng bao quanh
thnh ph Hu c xa , vn l mt thnh ph th ca triu Nguyn trong 140 nm t
nm 1805 n nm 1945.

2. Kin trc hong cung c xy dng nm 1803 bi vua Gia Long - mt v hong
sng lp triu Nguyn. Trong sut 27 nm t 1805 n 1832, Hong Thnh Hu cui
cng c hon thnh di triu Minh Mng, cu trc ln nht c xy dng trong
lch s ca Vit Nam hin i vi hng ngn cng nhn, hng triu mt khi v khi
lng khng l cc cng vic nng nhc. N nm b pha bc ca sng Hng, xoay
v phaNam vi tng din tch 520 ha. Ni y c UNESCO cng nhn vo nm
1993 vi nhng ngi nh cn li c khi phc tch cc v bo tn sau khi chin tranh
Vit Nam tn ph.

3. Hong Thnh Hu c chu vi 10 km vi chiu cao 6,6 mt v dy 21 mt, pho i c

sp xp theo chiu dc, km theo khu pho, pho binh v n dc. Ban u pho i
ch c xy dng bng t, ch c thay bng gch sau . Xung quanh Hong Thnh
l h thng knh rch phc tp khng ch nh l s bo v m cn l mt tuyn ng
thy vi gn by cy s.

4. C tng cng mi cng hng v n Hong Thnh Hu, c th c chia thnh hai
phn chnh tr nh v bit th: Thnh c v T Cm Thnh. Ci trc dng bo
v cc th quan trng bn trong cung in , trong khi ci sau l ni hong v gia
nh hong gia li cng nh ni lm vic ca ta n. Tt c cc kin trc phng
ng truyn thng bao gm cc cung in hng v, ngi m v vin bo tng ng
chung vi nhau to s hp dn th v nht ngay ti trung tm ca Vit Nam.

5. Khng c kh khn khi n Hong Thnh Hu. T sn bay quc t Ph Bi , i thng

n Quc l 1A v bn s ng ngay bn cnh mt cng ln dn vo trong; Ch cn
chun b 50.000 VND cho v v tt c cn li bn lm l ngm cnh hng v ca
Hong Thnh Hu.

11
 Ch : TOURISM

http://en.vietnamplus.vn/hanoi-sees-strong-growth-in-international-arrivals/102281.vnp

1. Hanoi welcomed 3.2 million international tourist arrivals in the first ten months of 2016,
up 23 percent year-on-year and close to the figure recorded in 2015 (3.36 million),
according to the municipal Department of Tourism.

2. Of which, 2.3 million tourists made their stay in the capital, an increase of 24.4 percent
from the same period last year.

3. Hanois leading tourist sources included China, the Republic of Korea, Japan, Australia,
France, the United States, Germany and Thailand.

4. If domestic holidaymakers were included, Hanoi received over 18 million visitors

during the period, earning nearly 50.7 trillion VND (2.27 billion USD) in revenue.

5. Hanois tourism markets have been expanded, with international arrivals from 160
countries and territories. The capital city has been a destination of around 40 percent of
foreign tourists to Vietnam.

6. Moreover, Hanoi is making efforts to diversify its tourism products and services based
on its advantages and potential, including culture tourism, MICE, eco-tourism and farm
stay.

7. Cultural tourism is now a strength of the city with tours of historical sites, the Old
Quarter, French architectures, museums, craft villages and traditional art forms.

8. Hanoi has also focused on improving tourism infrastructure. It boasts 72 hotels from
three to five stars with 9,844 rooms.

9. Promotion activities have been carried out in order to introduce tourists to a friendly and
appealing Hanoi.

10. According to the department, in 2016, Hanoi hopes to welcome 4 million international
visitors, up 22.6 percent from last year, and 17.8 million domestic tourists, up 8.5
percent. Total revenue from tourism is expected to reach 62.3 trillion VND (2.8 billion
USD).

12
 Ch : DU LCH

http://en.vietnamplus.vn/hanoi-sees-strong-growth-in-international-arrivals/102281.vnp

1. Trong 10 thng u nm 2016, H Ni n 3,2 triu lt khch du lch quc t, tng

23% so vi nm ngoi (gn 3,36 triu).

2. Trong , 2,3 triu khch du lch li th , tng 24,4% so vi cng k nm ngoi.

3. Cc ngun du lch hng u ca H Ni bao gm Trung Quc, Hn Quc, Nht Bn,

c, Php, Hoa K, c v Thi Lan.

4. Nu tnh n khch du lch trong nc , H Ni nhn c hn 18 triu du khch

trong thi gian ny, t doanh thu gn 50,7 nghn t ng (2,27 t USD).

5. Th trng du lch H Ni c m rng, vi khch quc t n t 160 quc gia v

vng lnh th. Thnh ph th l im n ca khong 40 phn trm du khch nc
ngoi n Vit Nam.

6. Hn na, H Ni ang n lc a dng ha cc sn phm v dch v du lch da trn li

th v tim nng ca mnh, bao gm du lch vn ho, MICE, du lch sinh thi v ngh
dng nng tri.

7. Du lch vn ho hin nay l mt th mnh ca thnh ph vi cc tour tham quan cc di

tch lch s, khu ph c, kin trc Php, vin bo tng, lng ngh v cc hnh thc ngh
thut truyn thng.

8. H Ni cng tp trung ci thin c s h tng du lch. N t ho c 72 khch sn t ba

n nm sao vi 9.844 phng.

9. Cc hot ng xc tin c tin hnh gii thiu khch du lch n mt H Ni

thn thin v hp dn.

10. Theo phng, nm 2016, H Ni hy vng s n c 4 triu khch quc t, tng 22 ln.
6% so vi nm ngoi v 17,8 triu khch du lch trong nc, tng 8,5%. Tng doanh thu
du lch d kin t 62,3 nghn t ng (2,8 t USD)

13
 Topic : HIV/AIDS

https://www.avert.org/news/asia-performs-better-africa-keeping-people-adhering-hiv-
treatment

1. Weaker health systems and psychosocial factors may explain the differences in
adherence patterns between Asia and Africa, the worlds two most HIV-affected regions.

2. People living in sub-Saharan Africa are less likely to be adherent to their antiretroviral
treatment (ART) than people living in Asia, according to research comparing adherence
patterns between the two regions.

3. While adherence was generally good across both regions 4.8% of people in Asia had
suboptimal adherence compared to 7.3% people in Africa the authors note that the
difference in adherence patterns could be the result of weaker health systems in Africa
and different psychosocial and lifestyle factors between the regions.

4. Ensuring people take their HIV treatment as prescribed is an integral part of the delivery
of successful HIV treatment programmes. Antiretroviral drugs work by suppressing the
level of virus in the body to the point where it is at an undetectable level.

5. If a person does not take daily treatment as prescribed, the virus has a chance to rebound
in the presence of antiretroviral drugs, likely resulting in drug resistance and disease
progression.

6. The analysis focused on 3,934 people starting antiretroviral treatment, of whom 62%
were from sub-Saharan Africa and 38% from Asia. Low- and lower-middle income
countries made up 52% of the participants, with 48% from upper-middle or high-income
countries.

7. Viral load and adherence assessments were conducted at base, 12 months and 24 months.
The proportion of patients with viral suppression remained at 90% over the three follow-
up points in Africa, and 94%, 96% and 95% in Asia.

8. In Africa, suboptimal adherence was independently associated with being male, younger,
using other medicines and attending a public health facility. In Asia, men who have sex
with men (MSM) tended to adhere better to their treatment, while people with a history
of injecting drug use were less adherent.

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 Ch : HIV/AIDS

https://www.avert.org/news/asia-performs-better-africa-keeping-people-adhering-hiv-
treatment

1. H thng y t v cc yu t tm l x hi c th gii thch s khc bit v m hnh tun

th gia chu v chu Phi, hai khu vc b nh hng bi HIV nht trn th gii.

2. Theo cc nghin cu so snh m hnh tun th gia hai khu vc, ngi sng khu vc
tiu vng Sahara Chu Phi thng khng tun th iu tr(ARV)hn nhng ngi sng
chu .

3. Trong khi tun th iu tr ni chung l tt c hai khu vc - 4,8% ngi chu c

tun th di mc ti u so vi 7,3% Chu Phi - cc tc gi lu rng s khc bit v
m hnh tun th c th l kt qu ca cc h thng y t yu Chu Phi v cc li sng
tm l x hi , cc yu t li sng gia cc vng khc nhau.

4. m bo ngi dn c iu tr HIV theo quy nh l mt phn khng th tch ri ca

vic cung cp cc chng trnh iu tr HIV thnh cng. Cc thuc ARV hot ng bng
cch c ch mc virus trong c th n mc m n mc khng th pht hin c.

5. Nu mt ngi khng iu tr hng ngy theo quy nh, virus c c hi hi phc vi s

hin din ca thuc khng retrovirus, c th dn n khng thuc v tin trin ca bnh.

6. Phn tch tp trung vo 3.934 ngi bt u iu tr ARV, trong 62% l t chu Phi
cn Sahara v 38% Chu . Cc quc gia c thu nhp thp v trung bnh chim 52%,
vi 48% t cc nc c thu nhp trung bnh v cao.

7. nh gi vng mc v tun th c thc hin c s, 12 thng v 24 thng. T l bnh

nhn b c ch virus vn mc 90% so vi ba im tip theo Chu Phi, v 94%, 96%
v 95% Chu .

8. Chu Phi, tun th di iu tr c lin quan c lp vi nam, tr hn, s dng cc

loi thuc khc v tham d mt c s y t cng cng. chu , nam gii c quan h
tnh dc ng gii (MSM) c xu hng tun th iu tr tt hn, trong khi nhng ngi
c tin s tim chch ma tu li t tun th.

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