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Special imaging techniques such as three-dimensional imaging, WFOV CT

markedly enhance the efficient completion of the procedure

Unless shields are used to block scatter radiation, what body part of the operator p
not lense or thyroid

The organs of medical workers that have the highest lifetime risk f
breat and lungs

A person standing next to the image receptor when the beam is laterally oriented is
The collimator blades are visiable in the image

Which two measures of radiation dose are measured in mGv


dose area procduct and effective dose

The separator device distance for X-ray tube housings is shorter for some manufact
Make it easier to use the c-arm in steep beam angles

x-ray tubes for angiographic c-arm fluoroscopes are generally oriented with
Reduce the dose rate to the patient

radiation-induced cancer that has the shortest latent period is:


leukemia

radiation-induced skin injury from fluoroscopy:


A delay of 1 - 3 weeks typically occurs before erythema and itchiness commence

a nurse notices that the patient's arm is frequently in the image during an
Mention it to the physician at an appropriate moment
radiation monitors are an essential tool for fluoroscopists primarily
inform us as to whether our radiation habits are safe

The radiation-induced cancer that has the shortest latent period is


not lung, not colon, not breast

For complex fluoroscopically guided interventions, the risk of injury is more import
short term debillitating

Which of the following is least useful in managing radiation dose to the hands of
wear radiation protective gloves

to lessen radiation dose rate to the patient:


Minimize image receptor to skin distance

Radiation that exposes personnel primarily comes from the direction of:
the patien

Which of the two measures of dose are quantitatively the same when applied to d
absorbed dose and equiv dose

If standing at 1 meter form a source of diagnostic X-ray radiation, the least distanc
not 16, not 8, not 32

Reducing the pulse rate during fluoroscopy:

Decreases the fluidity of the perceived motion


the unavoidable mechanism that leads to biological effects in the X ray imaging
not supersonic speed of xray

The regulatory maximum exposure rate during the application of standard fluorosc
not 10r/min, not applies to both fluoroscopy, not can be used to estimate skin dose

The x-ray tubes for angiographic c-arm fluoroscopes are generally oriented
not to improve image quality

Filters that exist in angiographic units are often switchable by the machine and
not penetration of beam through patient-ski

Of the following, which one is the best readily available radiation monitor on all
not dose area product

Radiation dose management for the patient during complex


before procedure commences

Most radiation-induced injuries from fluoroscopy have the common feature t


multiple procedural factors

Under what conditions does reduced pulse rate during fluoroscopy not always resul
When pulse intensity is increased disproportionately for lower pulse rates

e radiation that enters the abdomen of an adult-size patient is about how many
50-200

Application of which one of the following will likely result in the least increase
not increased pulse frequency

The results of epidemiological studies in British radiologists, American radiologists


real concern

Filters that exist in angiographic units are often switchable by the machin
Penetration of beam through patient

Under what conditions does reduced pulse rate during fluoroscopy not always result
When pulse intensity is increased disproportionately for lower pulse rates

Unless shields are used to block scatter radiation, what body part of the operator
not lens, thyroids or hands
The dose to the lens of the eye of a patient during a neurointerventional stu
can be appropriately managed by blocking the lateral beam

When switching to magnified views during fluoroscopy


collimination is narrowed to area displated

Beam divergence from the X-ray source is an important factor in patient-skin dose
more intense

kVp at which the fluoroscope oerates is a compromise based on the trade-off


image contast and patient dose rate
The operator can influence how the machine determines the operating output durin
dose rate control

Narrowing collimation:
not reduces exposure rates, not increase overall carcinogenic rates

To assess potential risk to a pregnant patient from fluoroscopic radiation


potential radiation dose to the uterus and gestation age

Which of the following is least useful in managing radiation dose to the hands of
not work with hands on exit

When switching to magnified views during fluoroscop


Collimation is narrowed to the area displayed

As you increase beam angle to oblique and caudal-cranial projections, what happens
Increases
Narrowing collimation:
doesnt increase overall carcinoogneic risk to pt

Which one of the following is true regarding radiation injury from fluoroscopi
numerous cases

About how many statistically significant cases of radiation-induced heritable


not 10000, not 10000000

a physician is pregnant:
She may continue fluoroscopic procedures as long as shielding and monitoring are properly employed.

When HLC is selected which one of the following happens


Fluoroscopic image quality improves

Reduce the dose rate to the patient

radiation skin injury is best diagnosed b


shape, location, and temporal progression

Reduce the dose rate to the patient


c rays interact at atomic scale to cause ionization

The separator device distance for X-ray tube housings is shorter for some m
not better control xray radiatio

unless the machine is operating at its maximum legal output rate, entrance-skin-
not 1.5-2.5 higher, not 1.1-1.3

Fluorographic or image acquisition (DA, DSA, Cine) dose rates differ from fluoros
5-50 times greater

The kVp at which the fluoroscope oerates is a compromise based on the trade-off of
image contrast and patient dose rate

Regarding radiation-induced skin injury from fluoroscop


delay of 1-3 wks

What professional group established the early radiation safety committee that le
international congress of rads

Whenever discussing risks of radiation from diagnostic or interventional proce


are not unacceptavvle is study is negative

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