ASSIGNMENT #1:

1. Define (a) emf, (b) Electric current, ( c) Direct current, (d) Alternating Current ( c and d should be
supported by neat diagrams).

2. Define work, power and energy.

3. If a charge of 20C passes through a point P in a circuit in 20ms, find the current.

4. Define Ohms Law.

8. Find the current drawn by an electric iron, whose resistance is 110 , when driven by a supply of 220V.
Also calculate the power consumed by the iron.

9. A filament lamp is rated for 110 V, 100W. Find the value of the resistance to be used in series with this
lamp so that It can be operated from 230 V mains. What is the power lost in the series resistance?

10. State Kirchhoff's laws with the help of relevant diagrams.

11. A moving coil meter rated for 5mA full scale reading, has 5 internal resistance. Find the values of (a)
shunt resistance to convert this meter to read 10 Amps of current, and (b) series resistance to convert the
meter into a voltmeter that can read 150V at full scale.

12. Two resistors 20 ohms and 40 ohms are connected in parallel. Another resistor of 10 ohms is
connected in series to this combination. If the current flowing in the 10 ohms resistor is 2A, then find the
current flowing in the other two resistors, supply voltage, total power dissipated and power dissipated in
each resistor.

13. Two resistors are connected in parallel and a voltage of 200V is applied to the terminals. The total
current taken is 25A and the power dissipated in one of the resistors is 1500 W. What is the resistance of
each element?

14. A resistance R is connected in series with a parallel circuit comprising two resistors 12 and 8 Ohms
respectively. The total power dissipated in the circuit is 70 W when the applied voltage is 20 V. Calculate
R.

15. A current of 20 A flows through two Ammeters A and B joined in series. Across A the p.d. is 0.2 V and
across B, it is 0.3V. Show how the same current will divide between A and B when they are joined in
parallel.

16. The branches of a wheatstone bridge are made up as AB= 5 ohms BC= 12.5 ohms CD= 20 ohms DA=
20 ohms. Branch BD has a resistance of 10 ohms. If a supply of 5 V is connected between A and C, find the
current in branch BD.

17A resistance of 10 Ohms is connected in series with two resistances each of 15 Ohms arranged in
parallel. What resistance must be shunted across this parallel combination so that the total current taken
shall be 1.5 A with 20 V applied?

19. Define the following (a) Magnetic Flux, (b) Flux Density, ( c) Magnetic Field Intensity, (d)
Permeability,(e) Reluctance and (f) Permeance.
21. State Lenzs Law.

22. A toroidal air-cored coil has 1000 turns closely wound. The mean radius of the toroid is 30 cm and the
diameter of each turn is 4 cm. When a current of 10 Amps flows through the coil, find (a) the MMF of the
coil, (b) the flux produced and ( c) the flux density.

23. State Faradays laws of electro-magnetic induction.

24. State Flemings Right Hand Rule.

25. A conductor on the surface of the armature of a generator is 50 cm long and moves at 20m/s at right
angles to the direction of the magnetic field of density 1 Weber / sq. mtr. What is the induced emf in the
conductor?

26. Two coils A and B have N1 and N2 turns. If the current flowing in A (Ia) produces a flux of P webers in
time t seconds, coefficient of coupling is k. Prove that the expression for :

self inductance of coilA = N1.P1/Ia Henry

flux linked with coil B = kP webers

EMF induced in coil B = (N2.kP/t) volts and

mutual inductance of coil B = N2.kP/Ia Henry

26. A straight conductor, 1m long and carrying a direct current of 100a, lies perpendicular to a uniform
magnetic field of Density 1 Tesla. Find (a) the mechanical force in Newtons, (b) the power required to
move the conductor against the force at a uniform speed of 5 m/s, and ( c) the emf generated in the
conductor.

27. State Flemings Left Hand Rule.

29. Define (a) Inductance, (b) Mutual Inductance, and ( c) Coefficient of coupling.

30. Derive the expression for (a) Self Inductance and (b) Mutual Inductance.

31. Find the inductance of the toroid of 12.5 cm mean radius, 6.25 cm2 circular cross section, wound
uniformly with 3000 turns of wire. Determine the emf induced when a current increasing at the rate of
100 A/s flows in the winding.

32. Describe (i) Statically Induced EMF and Lenzs Law (ii) Dynamically induced EMF and Flemings Right
hand rule

Questions for Assignment # 2:

1. Define the following, with reference to an alternating signal:

(a) Instantaneous value, (b) Maximum value, ( c) Frequency, (d) Time Period, (e) Angular Frequency, (f)
Mean value, (g) RMS value, (h) Peak Factor, (i) Form Factor.
2. An alternating voltage has a rectangular waveform with a peak value of 100 V. Find the RMS and average
values, the peak and Form factors, with the help of a diagram.

3. Calculate the average and effective values of the saw tooth waveform shown in Fig. 3. The voltage
completes the cycle and by falling back to zero instantaneously after regular interval of time.

4. Find the Average value, RMS value and Form Factor of the output voltage of a half-wave rectifier, when
the input is a pure sinusoidal voltage.

5. A signal has a Form factor of 1.2, and a Peak factor of 1.5. Its maximum value is 100 Volts. Find the RMS
and Average values of the given signal.

6. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the concept of a Phasor diagram.

8. Drive the expressions for the current, and power in an AC circuit consisting of a pure resistance. Draw
suitable wave forms and phasor diagrams.

9. Drive the expressions for the current, and power in an AC circuit consisting of a pure inductance. Draw
suitable wave forms and phasor diagrams.

10. Drive the expressions for the current, and power in an AC circuit consisting of a pure capacitance.
Draw suitable wave forms and phasor diagrams.

11. If a bank of filament lamps takes 5 KW at 250 V, calculate the inductive reactance (with negligible
resistance) required to reduce the voltage across the lamps to 150 V, assuming that the resistance of the
lamps does not change. If the frequency of the applied voltage is 50 Hz, find the inductance of the coil.

12. A furnace with a non-reactive winding rated at 1kW and designed for 100V mains is to be operated
from A 230 V supply of frequency 50 Hz. Find the values of the components if this is to be done using: (i)
a resistor; (ii) a capacitor; and (iii) a choke coil having a resistance of 5 Ohms.

15. Explain the difference between the active, reactive and apparent powers with reference to an
alternating power signal. Mention the units for the same.

16. With the help of suitable phasor diagrams, derive the expressions for the applied voltage, Impedance
and power factors, when XL > XC , XL < XC , XL = XC in a series RLC circuit.

17. Draw the circuit of a series resonant circuit and draw the resonance curve, and explain its natural
frequency of oscillation. Why a series resonant circuit is called an Acceptor circuit?

21. Derive the expressions for the total current, and the phase difference between the applied voltage
and the total current for a parallel RLC circuit when IL < Ic , IL > Ic and IL = Ic.

22. Write the expressions for the Resonant Frequency and the impedance at resonance in a parallel
resonant circuit. Why is a parallel resonant circuit known as a rejector circuit?

23. A circuit consists of a 10 Ohm resistor, a 300 F capacitor and an inductance of 0.06 H (with negligible
resistance), all connected in parallel across a 200 V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate: (i) the current in each branch;
(ii) the total current; (iii) the power factor of the whole circuit; and the (iv) total power.

25. A series circuit having pure resistance of 40 Ohms, pure inductance of 50.07 mH and a capacitor is
connected across a 400 V, 50 Hz, AC supply. This R, L, C combination draws a current of 10 A. Calculate
(i) power factor of the circuit and (ii) capacitor value.

26. A parallel circuit of 25 Ohm resistor, 64 mH inductor and 80 F capacitor is connected across a 110 V,
50 Hz supply. Calculate the current in individual element, the total current drawn from the supply and the
overall power factor of the circuit. Draw a neat phasor diagram showing V, IR, IL , IC and I.

27. Find the complex power delivered by the source in the circuit shown in Fig. 27.

28. A series circuit consists of a resistor of 10, an inductor of 159 mH and a capacitance of 106 F and is
connected to a 230 V, 50 Hz mains supply. Calculate: (i) Current; (ii) power factor; and (iii) voltage across
each element.

29. List the advantages of a three phase AC supply over a single phase AC supply.

30. Describe the star and delta connection of 3 phase load with vector diagrams and equations.

31. Convert the delta connection shown in Fig. 31 into a star connection.

32. Convert the star connection shown in Fig. 32 into a delta connection.

Fig. 31 Fig. 32

33. A 3 phase star winding having equal impedances of (3+j4) ohms in each branch is connected across a
3 phase 400 V supply. Find the current in the three lines, three phase active power and three phase
reactive power of the load.

Repeat the above problem if the load is connected in delta.

Questions for Assignment # 3:

1. List the essential features of measuring instruments.

2. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the operation of a permanent magnet moving coil
(PMMC) meter.
3. With the help of a neat diagram and relevant expression, explain how the current range of a
permanent magnet moving coil meter can be extended.
4. A PMMC meter has an internal resistance of 10 and full scale range of 1 mA. Find the value of
the resistance required to extend its range to 1A.
 5. A PMMC meter has an internal resistance of 100 and full scale range of 100 A. Find the value
of the resistance required to convert this meter into a voltmeter with a full scale deflection of 1
Volt.
6. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the operation of a dynamometer. Derive an expression
to show that the torque (reading) developed by the moving coil is proportional to i2 .
7. Explain the two wattmeter method of measuring power in star and delta connections of a 3 phase
circuit, with the help of neat diagrams and relevant expressions .
8. Two watt-meters connected to measure 3-phase power for star connected load read 5.185 kW
and 10.37 kW. The line current is 10 Amps. Calculate (i) Line and phase voltages, and (ii) Resistance
and reactance per phase.
9. What is the need for earthing? Define earthing.
10. List the different methods used for earthing.
11. With the help of a neat diagram explain the method of pipe earthing.
12. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the wiring scheme for controlling a lamp with a single
switch.
13. With the help of neat diagrams, explain the wiring scheme for controlling a lamp using two
switches (staircase wiring).
14. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the wiring scheme for controlling a lamp using three way
control switches.
15. List the important points to be considered for planning a wiring scheme.
16. What are the regulations to be satisfied by the wiring scheme of a building?
17. List the types of wiring. Explain the conduit wiring.
18. Write short notes on : (i) Fuse, (ii) MCB, and (iii) ELCB

Questions for Assignment # 4:

1. What is the basic function of a DC Machine?

2. With the help of a neat diagram, describe the construction of a DC Machine.
3. Explain the function of the commutator.
4. What is the difference between slip ring and split ring?
5. List the differences between wave winding and lap winding.
6. Derive the emf equation of DC Machine.
7. Derive the torque equation of DC Machine.
8. Derive the speed equation of DC Machine.
9. A 215 V dc machine has an armature resistance of 0.4 V. It is supplying 5 kW as a generator when
run at 1000 r pm and is excited to give a terminal voltage of 215 V. At what speed would it run as
motor if it is fed at the same terminal voltage, draws the same armature current but the flux /
pole is increased by 10%?
10. A 500 V shunt motor has eight poles with a wave wound armature having 1208 conductors. The
flux per pole is 0.01 Weber. If the armature and field resistances are 1 and 250 Ohms respectively,
find the speed at which it would run, when taking a current of 40 Amps. from the mains.
11. A 4-pole, 230 V dc shunt motor has 888 wave-connected conductors. It draws a field current of
0.6 A to give a no-load flux of 5.4 mWb. The armature resistance is 0.8 . Calculate the motor
 speed at no-load current of 2 A. What would be the motor current (line) and speed when it
develops a torque of 29.6 Nm? What is the speed regulation from no load to this torque?
12. Explain the classification of DC Generators.
13. What is the difference between separately excited and self-excited Generators?
14. Which are the three types of self-excited generators? Explain each of them with relevant
diagrams.
15. What is armature reaction? What are its effects?
16. Describe the two methods used for minimizing the effects of armature reaction.
17. What are the losses in DC Machines? Briefly explain each of them.
18. A 100 KW belt driver shunt generator running at 300 rpm on 220V bus bars, continues to run as a
motor when the belt breaks. Then it takes 10 KW input power. What will be its speed? Armature
resistance is 0.025 ohms , shunt field resistance is 60 ohms and brush voltage is 1volt per brush.
19. Explain the applications of all types of DC Generators.
20. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the function of a DC Motor.
21. List the different types of DC Motors.
22. With the help of neat diagrams explain the different types of DC Motors.
23. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the operation of a three point starter for a DC Motor.
24. List some of the applications of DC Motors.
25. Describe the construction of a synchronous machine.
26. How is the Frequency of a synchronous machine determined?
27. Explain the operation of a 3 phase synchronous generator.
28. Explain the operation of a synchronous motor.
29. Explain the methods used for starting the synchronous motors.
30. A 6-pole synchronous generator driven at 1000 rpm feeds a 4-pole induction motor which is
loaded to run at a slip of 4%. What is the motor speed?

Questions for Assignment # 5:

1. What is a transformer?
2. What is the need for using transformers?
3. Explain how the transformers are classified.
4. With the help of neat diagrams, describe the construction of a transformer.
5. Explain the working principles of a transformer.
6. Derive the EMF equation of the transformer.
7. Define Turns Ratio and Transformation Ratio.
8. A single phase 50 Hz core type transformer is to be built for a 10,000 / 400 Volts ratio. The cores
have square section. Assuming a maximum flux density of 1.1 Wb/m2 and an induced emf of 10 V
per turn, find the cross sectional dimensions of the core and the number of turns in the primary
and secondary windings.
9. Explain the function of an ideal transformer on load with the help of schematic and phasor
diagrams.
10. Draw the equivalent circuit of a transformer and derive the expression for the output voltage
across the secondary winding.
11. What is per unit system? What are its advantages?
12. A 250 kVA, 6.6 kV / 220 Volts, 50 Hz, single phase transformer has per unit equivalent resistance
and reactance of 0.015 0.03 respectively. Calculate their ohmic values.
13. What is voltage regulation? What is the condition for maximum voltage regulation?
14. A 600KVA transformer has an efficiency of 92% at full load ,upf and also at half load 0.9pf.
Determine the efficiency at 75% load, 0.9pf.
15. A 40 KVA transformer has a maximum efficiency of 97% at full load, upf. Determine the iron loss,
copper loss and efficiency at half load , 0.8 pf.
16. Explain the losses in a transformer.
17. How is the efficiency of a transformer calculated? Derive condition for maximum efficiency.
18. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the construction of a 3-phase induction motor.
19. Show how a rotating magnetic field is generated in a 3-phase induction motor, with relevant
expressions.
20. Describe the principle of operation of a 3-phase induction motor.
21. What is slip in an induction motor? Why slip can never be zero?
22. Derive the expression for establishing the relationship between slip and the rotor frequency.
23. A 3-phase induction motor has 4 poles and is supplied from 400 V, 50 Hz mains. If the slip at no-
load is 1% and at full-load 4%, find the no-load and full-load speeds. What are rotor frequencies
at these loads?
24. A 6-pole, 3-phase, star connected, 400 V, 50 Hz slip ring induction motor is running with a slip of
0.01 pu at no-load and 0.05 pu at full-load. The rotor windings are also star connected. At stand
still, with rated voltages across the stator, the rotor gives 250 Volts across terminals. Find the
rotor induced emfs and their frequencies at no-load and full-load and also when the slip is 0.1 pu.
25. A 3-phase 400 Volts, star connected, 50 Hz slip ring induction motor is running with a slip of 5%.
At standstill, the rotor induced emf across lines is 100 V. Find the ratio between stator and rotor
turns, if the rotor windings are delta connected. The motor is found to run at 1490 rpm at no-
load, find the number of poles in the stator windings. At slip 5%, find the following: synchronous
speed; motor speed; speed of rotor mmf with respect to rotor windings; and drop in speed from
no-load to full-load.
26. Compare the features of squirrel cage and slip ring motors.
27. What are the methods used for starting the induction motors?
28. With the help of a neat diagram, explain the star-delta starter.