2011 Year 12 Mid-Year Examination Biology - Mapping Grid

2011 YEAR 12 MID-YEAR EXAMINATION
BIOLOGY MAPPING GRID
Exam Section Question Marks Syllabus/Course Content Targeted Answer

Outcomes Performance
Bands
Part A: 1 1 H6 9.2.1.2.4 2-4 D
Multiple 2 1 H14 9.2.1.3.2 2-4 C
Choice 3 1 H14 9.2.1.2.9 3-5 C
4 1 H6 9.2.2.2.2 2-4 A
5 1 H6 9.2.2.2.4 2-4 B
6 1 H4 9.2.2.3.5 4-6 D
7 1 H14 9.2.3.3.1 2-4 B
8 1 H1 9.3.3.2.1 2-4 A
9 1 H9 9.3.3.2.3 3-5 D
10 1 H9 9.3.4.2.1 3-5 C
11 1 H10 9.3.1.2.3 3-5 B
12 1 H10 9.3.1.3.2 4-6 B
13 1 H10 9.3.5.2.2 2-4 D
14 1 H10 9.3.5.2.3 2-4 C
15 1 H6 9.4.1.2.1 2-4 B
16 1 H2 9.4.3.2.1 3-5 D
17 1 H6 9.4.4.2.2 2-4 A
18 1 H8 9.4.5.3.1 2-4 C
19 1 H2 9.4.6.2.1 2-4 A
20 1 H14 9.4.3.3.2 3-5 B
21 1 H4 9.4.7.2.1 3-5 D
Part B: 22 3 H6, H13 9.2.3.2.3 2-4
Free Response 23 (a) 1 H6 (a) 9.2.2.2.1 (a) 2-4
(b) 3 H6, H13 (b) 9.2.2.2.5 (b) 3-5
24 4 H6, H14 9.2.1.2.8 2-5
25 5 H6, H14 9.2.1.2.1 3-6
9.2.1.3.1
26 (a) 2 H14 (a) 9.2.2.2.3 (a) 2-5
(b) 3 H13 (b) 9.2.2.3.6 (b) 2-5
27 (a) 4 H6, H13 (a) 9.2.3.2.5 (a) 3-6
(b) 3 H6 (b) 9.2.3.2.7 (b) 2-5
28 3 H9, H13 9.3.2.2.5 3-5
29 (a) 2 H9, H14 (a) 9.3.2.2.3 (a) 2-5
(b) 2 H1 (b) 9.3.2.2.7 (b) 2-4
30 4 H9, H13 9.3.4.2.2 3-6
31 5 H1, H10 9.3.1.3.5 2-6
32 (a) 3 H2, H9 (a) 9.3.3.3.3. (a) 2-5
(b) 2 H11, H12 (b) 9.1 11.2 (b) 2-5
33 7 H3, H6, H13, H14 9.3.3.2.5 2-6
9.3.4.2.6
9.3.5.2.1
34 3 H13 9.1-13.1 2-5
12 DISCLAIMER
Every effort has been made to prepare this Examination in accordance with the Board of Studies documents. No guarantee or warranty is made or
implied that the Examination paper mirrors in every respect the actual HSC Examination question paper in this course. This paper does not constitute
advice nor can it be construed as an authoritative interpretation of Board of Studies intentions. No liability for any reliance, use or purpose related to
this paper is taken. Advice on HSC examination issues is only to be obtained from the NSW Board of Studies. The publisher does not accept any
responsibility for accuracy of papers which have been modified.
MYBIO11_Guidelines 1
35 (a) 2 H14 (a) 9.4.3.2.2 (a) 2-4
(b) 2 H8 (b) 9.4.3.2.3 (b) 3-5
36 4 H6, H13 9.4.4.2.4 2-5
37 5 H4, H8 9.4.5.2.2 2-6
9.4.5.2.3
38 (a) 2 H14 (a) 9.4.1.2.1 (a) 3-5
(b) 2 H8 (b) 9.4.2.2.2 (b) 2-5
39 (a) 4 H13, H14 (a) 9.4.6.3.2 (a) 2-5
(b) 4 H2, H8 (b) 9.4.6.2.1 (b) 3-6
12 DISCLAIMER
2011 YEAR 12 MID-YEAR EXAMINATION
BIOLOGY MARKING GUIDELINES
Part A 21marks
Questions 1-21(1 mark each)
Question Correct Response Outcomes Assessed Targeted

Performance Bands
1 D H6 2-4
2 C H14 2-4
3 C H14 3-5
4 A H6 2-4
5 B H6 2-4
6 D H4 4-6
7 B H14 2-4
8 A H1 2-4
9 D H9 3-5
10 C H9 3-5
11 B H10 3-5
12 B H10 4-6
13 D H10 2-4
14 C H10 2-4
15 B H6 2-4
16 D H2 3-5
17 A H6 2-4
18 C H8 2-4
19 A H2 2-4
20 B H14 3-5
21 D H4 3-5
12 DISCLAIMER
Part B 56 marks
Question 22 (3 marks)
Outcomes Assessed: H6, H13
Targeted Performance Bands: 2-4
Criteria Marks
Correctly identifies role of excretion of nitrogenous waste and osmoregulation 3
in both fish and mammals
Correctly identifies roles of excretion and osmoregulation in either fish or 2
mammals
Correctly identifies one function in fish and mammal 1
Sample answer
In both fish and mammals, the kidneys are responsible for both osmoregulation and excretion
of nitrogenous wastes.
23 (a) (1 mark)
Outcomes Assessed: H6
Criteria Mark
Identifies forms correctly 1
Sample answer
Lipids carried as lipoproteins/chylomicrons/lipid+fat combination (in plasma).
23 (b) (3 marks)
Criteria Marks
Source of carbon dioxide identified (produced by respiration in cells)
Effect of carbon dioxide on pH described 3
One effect of pH change on cell/tissues identified
Two of above 2
One of above 1
Sample answer
Carbon dioxide is continually produced by cells in the process of respiration. Carbon dioxide
dissolves in water to form a weak acid, lowering the pH. This is dangerous to the cells and
tissues and a change in pH can denature enzymes/ damage cell metabolism.
.
12 DISCLAIMER
Criteria Marks
Correctly names endotherm and ectotherm 4
Identifies at least ONE response of each to rise in temperature and explains
how this assists in temperature regulation
Explain response
Comparison statement made
Three of above 3
Two of above 2
One of above 1
Sample answer
Endotherms such as red kangaroo can use physiological processes such as decreasing their
metabolic rate as a way to keep cool when temperature rises. Ectotherms are unable to do this
and so animals like the diamond python have to use behavioural adaptations such as
burrowing to stay cool.
A decrease in metabolic rate reduces the amount of heat produced in endotherm body.
In burrows the temperature remains relatively consistent compared to above ground and in hot
conditions the burrow will be cooler so the ectotherm remains cooler.
Criteria Marks
Effect of temperature described accurately (increase up to optimum, 4-5
denaturing above optimum)
Chemical composition identified
Denaturing effect of temperature described
Effect of temperature described in general terms 2-3
Chemical composition identified
Denaturing effect of temperature identified
Any one point 1
Sample answer
As temperature increases, so does rate of enzyme activity (due to increasing collisions
between substrate and enzyme molecules). This occurs up to the optimum temperature. Above
this, enzyme activity decreases rapidly to zero due to the denaturing of the enzyme. Enzymes
are made of proteins which have a definite 3-D shape. They have an active site which has a
complementary fit with a specific substrate molecule. Increased temperature changes the
12 DISCLAIMER
shape of the enzyme molecule changing the shape of the active site so the enzyme can no
longer combine with its substrate.
26 (a) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
Compares a structure in artery and vein
2
Relates to function
Compares a structure in artery and vein 1
Sample answer
Arteries do not have valves, while veins do. This is because the blood in veins is under low
pressure so valves are needed to ensure one-way flow of blood. In arteries blood is under high
pressure so valves are not required.
26 (b) (3 marks)
Criteria Marks
L.S section drawn
Xylem correctly drawn and labelled 3
Phloem correctly drawn and labelled
Two of above 2
One of above 1
Sample answer
L.S Tissues
12 DISCLAIMER
27 (a) (4 marks)
Criteria Marks
Correct description of passive transport
Appropriate example from kidney
4
Correct description of active transport
Appropriate example
One three from above 1-3
Sample answer
Because molecules are moving with the gradient passive transport does not involve
expenditure of energy to move materials across cell membranes while active transport does.
Active transport results in reabsorption of glucose and amino acids in the tubules, and water
then follows by osmosis, which is an example of passive transport.
27 (b) (3 marks)
Criteria Marks
Produced by hypothalamus
Acts on collecting ducts
Increases permeability to water/ increased re-absorption of water 3
Secreted when water needs to be conserved in body
(any THREE correct points)
Two of above 2
One of above 1
Sample answer
ADH is produced by the hypothalamus when water levels in blood are low and water needs to
be conserved. ADH acts on the collecting ducts in the kidney, making them more permeable
to water increasing the amounts of water reabsorbed into the blood producing smaller
volumes of more concentrated urine.
12 DISCLAIMER
Criteria Marks
Defines gene 3
Defines allele
Uses example to show difference
Two of above 2
One of above 1
Sample answer
A gene controls the production of a polypeptide which may express itself in the phenotype for
example as eye colour. Alleles are different forms of the gene, which produce a different
polypeptide and results in different phenotypes, e.g. brown and blue eye colour.
29 (a) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
Correct reference to dominant and recessive alleles OR heterozygous parents
2
Inheritance of recessive allele from each parent
One of above 1
Sample answer
(NOTE can be shown by use of punnett square)
The tall allele (T) is dominant over the short allele (t). If the parents are heterozygous (Tt)
then some of the offspring could inherit the t allele from each parent resulting in short
phenotype. Thus it is possible to get a mixture of short and tall from two tall parents.
x T t
T TT Tt
t Tt tt
12 DISCLAIMER
29 (b) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
Two reasons outlined 2
One reason outlined 1
Sample answer
Mendels work was not recognised at the time for various reasons including
- He was not a recognised member of the scientific community so scientists would not
have paid much attention to his findings
- He presented his work to only a small group of scientists who did not realise the
significance of his work
- His work was presented in German, while most science papers were in English or
French.
Criteria Marks
Flow chart used 4
Transcription and translation named and described
Correct reference to role of mRNA and tRNA
Flow chart used 3
Transcription and translation named and partly described
Some correct reference to role of mRNA and/or tRNA
Flow chart used 2
Transcription and translation named
Some reference to role of mRNA or tRNA
Flow chart used and ONE correct statement on process 1
Sample answer
In cytoplasm
In nucleus
- mRNA attaches to ribosomes In sequence amino
- DNA unzips and base
- tRNA with specific amino acids join together
sequence copied onto Transcription Translation
acids attached combine with forming polypeptide
mRNA
matching bases on mRNA
- Transcription
- Translation
12 DISCLAIMER
Criteria Marks
Outlines at least TWO theories of evolution (or ideas about origins of life 4-5
before and/or after Darwin)
Statement about social and/or political factors present at time
Assessment of how factors influenced development of theories
Two of above dot points 2-3
One of above dot points 1
Sample answer
In the early 1800s the church had most of the political and social power and many therefore
believed in biblical explanations of life namely in a Creation theory as described in the
bible. With an increase in discoveries of e.g. fossils, scientists questioned this belief and
started to propose alternative theories, Cuvier proposed a theory of Catastrophism (mass
extinction due to e.g. floods) to explain fossils. Darwin proposed his theory of Natural
selection to explain evolutionary change and these ideas are now accepted by many people.
The social factors present in the 1800s would have hindered or slowed the development of
these theories as they went against the views and beliefs of the majority. However later as
science was playing such a large role people were more inclined to accept a scientific
theory.
32 (a) (3 marks)
Criteria Marks
Organism and environmental factor identified
Outline of method include controlled variables 3
Type of data recorded what results obtained/what measured
Two of above 2
One of above 1
Sample answer
We did an experiment to show the effect of light on barley seedlings.
The seedlings were grown in two environments one in full light and the other in the dark,
over a period of several days, after which the height of the seedlings was recorded, as well as
a description of the appearance of the seedlings. In the two environments plants were kept in
the same conditions e.g. same soil type only presence or absence of light varied.
12 DISCLAIMER
32 (b) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
One way validity maintained
2
One way reliability maintained
One of above 1
Sample answer
- Validity refers to concept of a fair test does experiment measure what it sets out to?
The experiment was valid as the seedlings were genetically similar (controlled
variable) so any difference would be due to the environment and not the genotype.
There was only one independent variable.
- Reliability this refers to replication of the experiment to check that the same or
similar results are obtained each time. This was achieved as we used 20 seedlings in
each environment.
Criteria Marks
Roles of meiosis and sexual reproduction in producing variation explained 5-7
Reproductive technology identified and effects on population assessed
Roles of meiosis or sexual reproduction in producing variation outlined 3-4
Reproductive technology identified and effects on population stated
Roles of meiosis or sexual reproduction in producing variation outlined 1-2
OR
Reproductive technology identified and effects on population stated
Sample answer
Variation is caused through the rearrangement of alleles and the random processes that occur
during fertilisation.
The gametes formed through meiosis are used in sexual .................. homologous, not
homozygous,
During meiosis variation can be caused in two ways.
- crossing-over the exchange of sections of adjacent chromatids during synapsis (the stage
where homologous chromosomes pair up in the first division of meiosis)
- random segregation of chromosomes when the paired chromosomes are pulled apart, the
direction in which they move is random, so further increasing the possible variations in the
sperm and the egg cells
In sexual reproduction the process of fertilisation is also random which sperm fertilises
which egg is another source of variation.
Reproductive technologies such as artificial insemination still involve the process of sexual
reproduction. In this process, sperm is collected from a male and used to fertilise many
females. The process is used in farming e.g. cattle. Because the gametes are produced as
described above, the sperm from the male still carry variations and so offspring in a
12 DISCLAIMER
population will also still show variations. However, as the genes are only coming from one
male, as opposed to many males, there will be some reduction in overall variation within a
gene pool (the total number of different genes within a population).
Criteria Marks
Column/bar graph used 3
Axes labelled
Data plotted correctly with labels
Column/bar graph used 2
Axes labelled and data plotted with some minor errors
Line graph used 1
OR
Column/bar graph used with several errors
Sample answer
2005
Number of deaths-
Lung cancer - 4711
Prostate cancer - 2949
Breast cancer - 2707

Lung cancer - 2716
Bowel cancer - 2322
1843
Bowel cancer
Males Females
12 DISCLAIMER
35 (a) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
Organism identified
2
Appropriate disease
Two of above 1
Sample answer
Protozoa.
Disease caused amoebic dysentery.
35 (b) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
Role identified
2
Supporting reason
Role stated 1
Sample answer
Antibiotics would not have a role to play in treating this disease because antibiotics are
designed to work against bacterial pathogens and not protozoa.
Criteria Marks
Two adaptations described and reference to effect on spread of pathogen 4
1-3 of above 1-3
Sample answer
Inflammation response involves increased flow of blood around infected area, bringing
more phagocytes to area. This results in increased removal of pathogens.
Cell death to seal of pathogens in response to toxins from pathogens, cells die and can form
a granuloma around the pathogens. This stops them spreading round the body and contains the
infection.
12 DISCLAIMER
12 DISCLAIMER
Criteria Marks
Correct description of role of at least TWO T cells and B cells in immune 5
response
Correct reference to memory cells and/or primary and secondary responses
Application of above to vaccination
Correct description of role of ONE T cell and B cell in immune response 4
Reference to memory cells or 1, 2 responses
Correct description of role of two of T cell and B cell in immune response 3
Correct description of role of T cell or B cell in immune response 2
Correct description of role of T cell or B cell in immune response 1
Sample answer
Vaccinations involve injecting an antigen into the body in a form that does NOT produce
symptoms of the disease caused by the antigen. Antigens are chemicals usually proteins
which trigger an immune response. The injected antigen is detected by a type of T cell called
a helper T cell and this activates other cells that form the immune response. One of these cells
is the B cell which produces antibodies that work against and help destroy the antigen.
Another type of cell is the Killer T cell (or cytotoxic T cells) these can attach to a virus-
infected cell and destroy it so stopping the virus from reproducing. Another cell type formed
is the memory cell for the specific antigen. These remain in the body, often for many years.
When the body is exposed to a harmful form of the antigen (e.g. the live pathogen) the
presence of the memory cells results in the rapid production of the antibodies, destroying the
antigen before disease symptoms can appear.
12 DISCLAIMER
38 (a) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
Both terms defined 2
Problem relating to terms stated
Problem relating is ONE term stated 1
Sample answer
Health is defined as the state of physical, mental and social well-being while disease is any
condition which affects the normal functioning of the body.
One problem with these definitions is that different people may have different perceptions of
healthy. A young person may consider they are healthy if they lack any disease, while an
older person may have a disease but consider they are healthy if they are pain-free.
38 (b) (2 marks)
Criteria Marks
Role of water as carrier of pathogens identified 2
Examples of diseases caused
Role of water as carrier of pathogens identified 1
Sample answer
Clean water is important as water can carry pathogens. Diseases such as Giardia and Cholera
are caused by ingestion of contaminated water.
12 DISCLAIMER
39(a) (4 marks)
Criteria Marks
Name of non-infectious disease 4
At least TWO symptoms identified
Occurrence stated
Cause stated
Two other points
One other point
1-3 correct points for an infectious disease 1
OR
Name of non-infectious disease only correct
Sample answer
Name of disease Scurvy.
Symptoms teeth become loose and may fall out, excessive bleeding from wounds.
Occurrence very rare in modern Australia. Common in 1600s in sailors.
Cause lack of adequate Vitamin C in the diet.
39 (b) (4 marks) NEED TO ALTER ANSWER TO REFLECT MARKS

Criteria Marks
Three features described 3
Two features described 2
One feature described 1
Sample answer
- Large amounts of data need to be collected from many people with scurvy.
- Need to collect data on diets of people with and without the disease to identify cause and
effect.
- Monitoring of populations to assess effectiveness of treatments.
12 DISCLAIMER

2011 Year 12 Mid-Year Examination Biology - Mapping Grid

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

2011 Year 12 Mid-Year Examination Biology - Mapping Grid

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

2011 YEAR 12 MID-YEAR EXAMINATION

BIOLOGY MAPPING GRID

Exam Section Question Marks Syllabus/Course Content Targeted Answer

BIOLOGY MARKING GUIDELINES

Question Correct Response Outcomes Assessed Targeted

Lung cancer - 4711

Prostate cancer - 2949

Breast cancer - 2707

39 (b) (4 marks) NEED TO ALTER ANSWER TO REFLECT MARKS

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen