Sikh Bulletin May Jun 2015

The Sikh Bulletin jyT-hwV 547 nwnkSwhI May-June 2015
Ik oakr sa nm kar purak nirbao nirvair akl mra ajn saiba gur pars.
THE SIKH BULLETIN

GURU NANAK AND HIS BANI
May-June 2015 jyT-hwV 547 nwnkSwhI editor@sikhbulletin.com Volume 17 Number 5&6

Published by: Hardev Singh Shergill, President, Khalsa Tricentennial Foundation of N.A. Inc;
3524 Rocky Ridge Way, El Dorado Hills, CA 95762, USA Fax (916) 933-5808
Khalsa Tricentennial Foundation of N.A. Inc. is a religious tax-exempt California Corporation.
In This Issue/qqkrw WHAT SIKHS MUST KNOW ABOUT GURU NANAK

GURU NANAK BANI Guru Nanak was a child prodigy, showing early maturity when
A Special Issue questioning his teacher on meaning of life and his priest on
We are presenting this special issue of the
meaning of Janeu. A born linguist, he mastered Sanskrit and
Sikh Bulletin. It has entire Bani of Guru
Nanak in Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Arabic, two languages in which the Hindu and Islamic literature
was written, the literature that he read in depth, and Persian
We invite the readers of the Sikh Bulletin to which was the official language of his time, at a very young age.
email to us any good translations of any He communicated in the countries he visited in their language,
verses of Guru Nanak into English. wore their clothes and ate their food.
They would be incorporated into this issue.
To spread his message he travelled the length and breadth of the
Eventually an English version of Guru
Nanaks Bani can be published entirely in Indian-subcontinent to Nepal and Tibet in the north to borders of
English and from that language translations Burma in the East, Ceylon in the south and Mecca, Medina and
into other languages would become easy. the neighbouring countries in the Middle East to the west. Within
India he travelled extensively to meet and have discourse with
Contemporary of Copernicus and Martin Indian scholars of various faiths. He travelled to Mecca by sea
Luther, Guru Nanak was centuries ahead of with the Muslim pilgrims on Haj and returned to Panjab overland
other world Philosophers; only the world via Iraq, Iran and Afghanistan, along the well-travelled military
does not know it.
and trade routes.
He was a Deist two centuries before
European scholars discovered it; described Not much is known about the details of his travels in the Arab
the origin of species three centuries before world but reason and Guru Nanaks innate curiosity and search
Charles Darwins theory; origin of Universe for knowledge dictates that his travels in the realm of the
five centuries before the development of Ottoman Empire, which was at its peak in the 16th century
modern theories; an environmentalist five when Guru Nanak visited the Middle East, would have been a
centuries before the movement that is still in
its infancy today.
must and travel within it would have been safer than it is today.
Ottoman Empire was a powerful multinational, multilingual
empire controlling much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the
Technical Associate
Amrinder Singh Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.
This issue of the Sikh Bulletin is only in electronic format
being sent to those whose email addresses we have. If you It is more than likely that he must have, in addition to Mecca,
or someone you know would like to receive it please Medina and Baghdad, that is commonly referred to about his
provide the email address. You may also pass it along to
those on your email list.
Middle East travels, visited, Konya, Turkey. Konya was a
Centre of learning for Sufi Islam established by the followers of
The views expressed by the authors are their own. Please
send the feedback and inputs to: Maulana Jallaluddin Rumi, himself a transplant from present day
editor@sikhbulletin.com Afghanistan of Persian parents.
Our Website: www.sikhbulletin.com
K. T. F. of N. A. Inc. 3524 Rocky Ridge Way, El Dorado Hills, CA. 95762 1
Sufis consider themselves to be the original true todays research this is the closest we come to
proponents of this pure original form of Islam. Guru placing Guru Nanak in Istanbul, Turkey.
Nanak was drawn to Islamic scholars of Sufi Islam
than the Islam practiced in India by the rulers of his
time. During his studies of Islamic literature it stands
to reason that Guru Nanak had access to Rumis
writings and must have engaged in discussions with
Sufi scholars in India.
Guru Nanak must have found Rumis philosophy to

his liking:
Im not from the East or the west.
Im not Christian or Jew or Muslim.
Im not Hindu, Buddhist, Sufi or Zen.
I do not belong to any established religion or any
cultural system.
I/m neither body nor soul, for I belong to the Soul
of my Beloved.
If Guru Nanak did travel to Konya, his travels would

surely have taken him to Jerusalem, place sacred to
the three Semitic religions and on to Istanbul and
may be Baku, Azerbaijan. Background for Guru
Nanaks portrait below is intriguingly similar to
views of Straits of Bosporus in Istanbul today. With
Straits of Bosporus, Istanbul, separating Asia from Europe
[Rumi and Guru Nanak portraits and the inscription of

Commencing Verse of Aad Guru Granth Sahib in an ancient
Zoroastrian Temple in Baku, Azerbaijan are published with
permission from Dr. Devinder Singh Chahal from his book
Nankian Philosophy: Basics for Humanity.]
A narrative to his visits to Mecca, Medina and

Baghdad has been found in Babania Kahania by
Inderjit Singh Jhajj, given to me by Dr. Harbans
Lal:
During Guru Nanaks journeys in the Middle East,

a local author, Taajudin Naqshabandhi, joined
Guru Nanak and remained with him for roughly one-
and-a-half to two years. Taajudin documented his
time with Guru Nanak in great detail. Four centuries
later, a young man from Kashmir, Syed Mushtaq
Hussain, chanced upon Taajudins handwritten
manuscript while studying to become an Islamic
scholar. This manuscript changed Mushtaqs life. He
converted to Sikhism and went on to become the
renowned Sant Syed Prithipal Singh. I first saw it in Dr. Chahals magazine and then on
web under My Travels outside Bombay: Iran,
In the absence of any facility available for copying Azerbaijan. Baku by Ervad Shams-UI-Ulama Dr.
the book in facsimile, Mushtaq Hussain took notes Sir Jivanji Jamshedji Modi, B. A., Ph. D. C. I. E.
from Taajudin's manuscript. He also took notes from (1854-1933). He had gone on a pilgrimage to the
another book, Twarikh-e-Arab, written by Khwaja places associated with his Zoroastrian ancestors.
Jainul Abdin, a Muslim author who also
accompanied Guru Nanak during his travels to My latest exposure to reference to this inscription
Mecca. Mushtaqs notes later formed the basis of the came in 2014 when I read, A Journey from Bengal
Punjabi book, Babe Nanak di Baghdad Pheri. to England, through The Northern Part of India,
Inderjit Singh Jhajj, December 26, 2012 Kashmire, Afghanistan, And Persia, And into
Russia, by the Caspian-Sea By George Forster. In
Another intriguing look into Guru Nanaks travels to the Civil Service of The Honourable The East
the Middle East comes from My Travels outside India Company. Printed for R. Faulder, New
Bombay: Iran, Azerbaijan, Baku by Ervad Shams- Bond-Street, London, 1798. (Original Edition).
Ul-Ulama Dr. Sir Jivanji Jamshedji Modi, B. A., Ph.
D. C. I. E. (1854-1933). George Forester had left Bengal for this overland
Journey from Calcutta on March 23, 1782 arriving in
What you see here is the Commencing Verse of the London on March 31, 1784. Quite a feat! On March
Adi Granth, courtesy Dr. Devinder Singh Chahal. It 27, 1784 he visited this temple complex in Baku,
is inscribed in stone above a doorway of a temple saw these inscriptions both in Gurmukhi and
that originally was a prominent centre of Devnagri script and met a group of aging Moultan
Zoroastrianism in Baku, Azerbaijan, that fell into Hindu Traders who told him that they were the
disrepair after onset of Islam. Long ago, traders from last ones because their children are not interested in
India managed to get permission to convert a small following in their footsteps.
portion of this complex of Zoroastrian Temples as
their place of worship. Now this is something worth researching by a Sikh
scholar. Did Guru Nanak visit Konya and He possessed a brilliant mind. He was a Deist two
Istanbul in Turkey and perhaps Baku in centuries before European intellectuals coined the
Azerbaijan where he ran into Traders from term. Deism rejected revelation and authority as a
Multan from his backyard in Panjab? After all source of religious knowledge with the conclusion
these carvings were there in 1784 only two and a that reason and observation of the natural world
half centuries after Guru Nanak and trade between are sufficient to determine the existence of a
India and that part of the world had gone on for single creator of the universe. Deism gained
centuries. In fact it is highly likely where the prominence among intellectuals during the Age of
ancestors of many Panjabis came from. My last Enlightenment, especially in Britain, France,
name is Shergill, two Persian words put together, Germany and the United States, who, raised as
and meaning the same as in todays Panjabi. And, to Christians, believed in one god but became
boot, there is still a province of northern Iran along disenchanted with organized religion and notions
the south shore of the Caspian see called, Gilan, such as the Trinity, Biblical inerrancy and the
land of Gils/Gills. supernatural interpretation of events such as
miracles. Included in those influenced by its ideas
It is time for us to bring the teachings of Guru Nanak were leaders of the American and French
to the notice of the outside world. Best way to do Revolutions.
that is through the medium of English first and then
translation from English into other languages. What Guru Nanak threw away centuries old maryada. At a
I think we need to concentrate on is to take very young age he refused to wear the janeu;
advantage of the electronic media and use the discarded the caste system; preached against idol
pages of The Sikh Bulletin to coordinate the worship; recognised the equality of mankind;
translation of the Bani of Guru Nanak into asserted the equality of men and women; opposed
English. For sure there are several versions of it the practice of sati (self-immolation by widows
already but none of them do justice to what the Guru upon their husbands death, still prevalent in Hindu
is saying. society), rejected the then prevalent concepts of
karma, after life salvation, tapasya, heaven and
I ask the readers of The Sikh Bulletin in the hell, incarnation, transmigration, 84 lakh juni,
Diaspora to create a dharamsal in their own homes, yatra to holy places, fasting, multiple gods and
become missionaries for Guru Nanak and let their goddesses, and of course, unique only to Sikhism,
computer be the channel of communication and wished sarbat da bhala. He gave us nothing like
Social Media the Courier Pigeon. Ten Commandments or Sharia Law. Instead the
Guru simply says do not commit an act that you
Email to me one hymn of Guru Nanak and its will later regret and do not eat or drink that is
English translation that you think is worthy of being unhealthy for your body and mind. He wanted
brought to the notice of the population in the mankind to use bibek budhi, the only species that
countries of our residences. We will invite our has it.
readers opinions, arrive at a consensus and then
make it available for everyone to use. In this special issue some hymns have English
translation by Dr. Devinder Singh Chahal from
Guru Nanak was One of a Kind, just as his one of his articles and English translation of all the
concept of Kartar/Creator was One and Only. hymns quoted by Dr. Baldev Singh in his
The world had never produced anyone like him manuscript that we are planning on publishing this
before nor since. His philosophy is unique and is year.
applicable in all countries and cultures at all
times. This is an invitation to the readers who may wish
to join us in spreading the message of Guru
Nanak to the English speaking world. Our
estimate is that the printing cost of the book will he could not explain the mechanism. Answers came
be around US $1.00. If you wish to join us please half a century later with advancement in science.
contact us. The cost of shipment will be your
responsibility and it might come to more than *****
printing. But if you or your family often travel to DOES GURU NANAK BELIEVE IN DEISM?
India you can bring the books as personal
luggage. Contact email: Prof Devinder Singh Chahal, PhD
editor@sikhbulletin.com Institute for Understanding Sikhism
Laval, Canada
Some Contemporaries of Guru Nanak and some sikhism@iuscanada.com and www. iuscanada.com
who came later but developed their theories
It is generally accepted that Sikhism is Monotheistic
similar to Guru Nanaks on the basis of their own
religion and so are other religions like Christianity and
bibek budhi:
Islam. Although Hinduism is considered polytheistic
religion still it is also considered as a monotheistic
Guru Nanak (1469-1539): religion by them. On the other hand Buddhism does not
Nicolaus Copernicus, Poland, (1473-1543). They discuss God at all.
shared the modern concept of Cosmos.
Martin Luther, Germany (1483-1546). Guru, had Although around 1350 BCE certain religious thinkers
he met him, would have advised him against abandoned the polytheism of their ancestors and came
attempting reformation of Christianity because a to believe in the existence of just one God, not many.
religion can never be reformed. The monotheism being practiced in these days is as
Vasco da Gama, Portugal (1460-1524). follows: [1]
Michelangelo, Italy (1475-1564).
Henry VIII, England (1491-1547). Judaism (whose God, Yahweh, chose Mosses as
Babur, Uzbekistan (1483-1530). Started Mogul his Prophet).
dynasty in India. Christianity (whose God, the Christian God,
Galileo, Italy (1564-1642) believer in Copernicus chose his son Jesus as the Chief Prophet.
cosmic view; spent last nine years of his life under Islam (whose God, Allah, chose Mohammed as
house arrest. his Chief Prophet).
Environmentalism (2015) What a refreshing Although many Hindus believe in polytheism
change from the Vatican, in Galileos time and now. (many deities), however, they dont lag behind
Pope Francis Encyclical on climate change (2015) is to claim themselves as monotheists.
very refreshing and completely opposite to his
predecessors actions. Besides, it is fun to watch On the other hand Monotheism according to Guru
United States Republican 2016 Presidential Nanak is quite different than that of other religions
hopefuls, all totally devoid of conscience, quiver. It since their God, in one way or the other, exists in
took the world 500 years to catch up with Guru Trinity and has a specific Prophet or son for each. The
Nanak, and yet not all the world. Monotheistic God of Guru Nanak is ( 1
Charles Darwin (1809-1882) published his On the - One and Only That is Infinite) who is a source of
Origin of Species by means of natural Selection, was
published in 1859, 300 years after Guru Nanak had everything, does not occur in Trinity and does not
come into anthropomorphic form, has no particular
expressed it in his hymns.
prophet or son, existed before the time and space
Alfred Wagner (1880-1930), Germany
appeared, existed in the past, exists now and will exist
hypothesized in 1912 that the continents are slowly forever and pervades in everything in the universe.
drifting around the Earth. He too had used his bibek
budhi, as Guru Nanak did, by observing the coast Although almost all the Sikh theologians and
lines of worlds oceans and got laughed at because researchers accept that Guru Nanaks God is
Monotheistic but I think there may be a rare Sikh
theologian who would consider Guru Nanak as It appears from the paper of Craufurd as analyzed by
DEISTIC. However, I was surprised when I found in Dr Inderjeet Sing that philosophy of Guru Nanak has
the writing of a Scotsman, Quintin Craufurd, reported not been understood properly even by him (Craufurd),
by Dr Inderjeet Singh [2], University of although he may be the first to declare that Sikhs
Wolverhampton, that Sikhism believes in DEISM: believe in Deism.
The author (Quintin Craufurd) had some knowledge
about philosophy of religion(s) which is evident when On the other hand recently Schell [3] has expressed
he states that Sikhs possess deism. Deists typically the current situation about Sikhi founded by Guru
reject supernatural events such as prophecy and Nanak as follows:
miracles, tending to assert that God (or The Supreme
Architect) has a plan for the universe that is not to be However, the pristine concepts once propounded
altered by intervention in the affairs of human life. by Guru Nanak have over time degenerated into
Deists believe in the existence of one supreme God just another religion which preached one thing and
only. did quite another. I am convinced that Guru Nanak
wouldn't recognize his own teachings if he could
Deism is defined by www.dictionary.com as follows: come back to see what the situation has become.
1. Belief in the existence of a God on the evidence of
reason and nature only, with rejection of supernatural That is the main reason that The Sikh Bulletin is
revelation (distinguished from theism). publishing the bani of Guru Nanak in the current
2. Belief in a God who created the world but has since issue for its interpretation in its real perspective in
remained indifferent to it. the future issues. The Sikh Bulletin and the Institute
for Understanding Sikhism have been busy to make
He further writes that [2]: This account is taken from the humanity to understand Sikhism in its real
the book: Craufurd, Quintin. 1790. The History, perspective since 1999.
Religion, Learning and Manners of the Hindus.
Although the book has been in the public domain for Although Sikhs possess deism was noticed by
over 200 years but it has hardly been mentioned by the Craufurd in 1790 but many Sikh theologians remained
Sikh historians in the Punjab Past & Present, the unaware about this concept of Guru Nanak for the last
special commemorative issue on 500th birth centurial 225 years. Therefore, this topic needs to be discussed
of Guru Nanak contains a partial extract of the in detail in the following issues of the Sikh Bulletin and
Craufurd account on Sikhs. Understanding Sikhism: The Research Journal to
discover if Guru Nanaks God was deist or beyond
Dr Inderjit Singh again writes that: [2] that.
He (Craufurd) interprets that Guru Nanak became
admirer of Narghenny worship which in all probability REFERENCES
is the concept of Nirgun (a) found in Hindu philosophy
of Vedanta. In Sikh religion the God is both Nirgun 1. BRADLEY, R. Philosophy of Science: Did Einstein
(without attributes) and Sargun (with attributes). Guru believe in God?
Granth Sahib on page 250 states Nirankaar aakaar aap http://www.eequalsmcsquared.auckland.ac.nz/
nirgun sargun ayk. Aap akaar aap nirankaar (p863 sites/emc2/tl/philosophy/einstein_god.cfm.
GGS) Raaj joban prabh thoon dhanee, thoon nirguna 2. SINGH, I. (2015) A Scotsmans account on
thoon sarguna. Sikhs ~ Book Extracts
(http://www.sikhnet.com/news/scotsmans-
From the above quotes of Guru Arjan Craufurd account-sikhs-book-extracts).
declared that Guru Nanak believes in concept of 3. SCELL, J. (2015) A labour of Respect: Working
Nirguna found in Hindu philosophy which will take with Devinder Singh Chahal, PhD,
Guru Nanak away from his above observation that http://sikhbulletin.com/Bulletins/SikhBulletinM
Sikhism believes in Deism. If we analyze the bani of arApr2015.pdf.
Guru Nanak about Nirgun and Sargun that is quite
different than that of the concept in Hinduism. *****
Guru Nanak designed this special symbol < to

(:) represent the One and Only Entity that is
infinite, ineffable and unfathomable beyond
(1) human comprehension in totality. It is noteworthy
that Guru Nanak used the numeral 1 (1) instead of
Ik oakr sa nm kar purak nirbao nirvair
writing one in script as iek (Ik) to emphasize the
akl mra ajn saiba gur pars.
oneness of God.
The commencing verse of Guru Granth Sahib,
shown above, is accepted as Guru Nanaks 4. Hardev Singh Shergills translation:
description or definition of God.
My definition as published in the January-
1. Manmohan Singhs translation in Sri Guru February 2015 issue of the Sikh Bulletin:
Granth Sahib, published by Shiromani Gurdwara
Parbandhak Committee is as follows: There is One and Only, a Singular Reality,
whose True Name is The Creator, that created
There is but one God. True is His name, creative Itself; It has no human attributes such as fear,
His personality and immortal His form. He is enmity, limited life span, an image and therefore
without fear, sans enmity, unborn and self- it does not communicate with the Prophets
illumined. By the Gurus grace (He is obtained). directly or through others, as the Semitic
religions claim, nor does it incarnate as a human
2. Dr Devinder Singh Chahals translation as Hinduism claims. IT can only be
which prompted me to accept Guru Nanaks comprehended through knowledge.
description of God back in 1999:
That is also why Guru Nanak named the
The One and Only, Oh the Infinite; Exists; commune he established in his later life,
Creator; Without fear (Not governed by any Kartar Pur and salutation as Sat Kartar.
other-Not under any Law of University); Without His followers were called Nanakpanthi.
enmity; Timeless (Without effect of time and
space); Neither takes birth nor dies; (Never
comes into any anthropomorphic form); Created
by Itself; Enlightener; and Bounteous. (1)P
(1)
3. Dr Baldev Singhs translation:
(1)
That One and Only (IkO) -- known as Truth (Sat
Naam), Creator (Karta), Omnipresent (Purkh), True In The Primal Beginning. True
Sovereign and Self-Sufficient/Self-Sustaining Throughout The Ages. True Here And Now. O
(Nirbhau), without enmity and non-retributive Nanak, Forever And Ever True. ||1||
(Nirvair), Timeless Being/Deathless Being (Akal AGGS M1 p1
Moorat), does not incarnate /beyond birth and
death (Ajuni), Self-Created/Eternal (Saibhan), It was there before the Creation, at the time of
Enlightener (Gur) and Bounteous and Sustainer Creation, now and it will be there in the future, for
(Parsad). AGGS, Opening Verse, p. 1. ever and ever. It was there when there was sunn,
nothingness. Out of this nothingness It created the
cosmos, in an instant.
(1) (1)
(1) (1)
(1) (1)
(1)
Hukam creates the visible world (shapes/forms).
(1) Hukam is inexplicable (in totality). Life evolves
(1) and develops according to Hukam. Living beings
develop higher and lower levels of consciousness
and intelligence, and experience pain and
The Truth cannot be realized through endless
pleasure according to Hukam. Some are
ritual purifications nor can it be realized through
liberated (illuminated) through the
ascetic practices (withdrawal from active life) nor
understanding of Hukam and some wander
through amassing riches nor through endless
aimlessly forever due to ignorance of Hukam.
clever arguments based on conventional
Everything in the Cosmos is subject to Hukam.
wisdom/knowledge. Then how could one acquire
Nothing can happen without Laws of Nature.
the Truth and how could one get rid of ignorance
Nanak, it is only when one comprehends the
and falsehood that clouds ones thinking? The
Hukam that one subdues ones haumai (self-
answer says Nanak lies in the understanding of
centeredness).
Hukam a (Cosmic Law) and living in harmony
AGGS, Jap 1, p. 1.
with it. AGGS, M 1, p. 1
Harmony with Hukam means concern for the Guru Nanak observed that every action and
ecosystem; treating all beings with kindness and reaction (process) or phenomenon, happening in
respect for the environment. Then the question this universe and in all the living beings is
arises: How could one get rid of ignorance and governed under some laws/orders. Guru Nanak
falsehood? On the pages of AGGS it is mentioned calls these laws/order as (hukm).
again and again that Sabad (Knowledge, Truth,
Guru's teachings) destroys ignorance, falsehood,
superstition and doubt:
(1)
Guru Nanak emphasized that the purpose of life is
to realize God by living a truthful life. In the (1)
beginning of Jap (Japji), on the opening page of (1)
AGGS, he has described God as Sach, meaning
Eternal Truth. Then in the first stanza on the same (1)
page Nanak has enunciated the purpose of human (1)
life in a question and answer format.
(1)
(1)
(1) (2)
(1) (2)
(1) (2)

(2) (2)
(2) (2)
The Great Giver (Bounteous) keeps giving and (2)
the recipients get weary of receiving. Throughout
the ages they subsist on Its bounties. (2)
AGGS, M 1, Jap 3, p. 2. (2)

(2) (2)
(2) If one practices even one teaching of the Guru,
one is endowed with the wealth of wisdom like a
rich person with gems, jewels and rubies.
(2) AGGS, Jap 6, p. 2.
(2)
True is the Master, true is Its justice, love is Its
language and It is infinite. People pray and beg,
(2)
"give us, give us"; the Great Giver keeps giving.
AGGS, Jap 4, p. 2. (2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (2)
(2) (3)
(2) (3)
(3) (3)

(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) (3)
(3) What a great load there is on the bull!
There are countless earths beyond this earth.
(3) What power holds them, and supports their
(3) weight? AGGS M1, p 3
(3) Hindu philosophy believed that earth is supported

(3) by a mythical bull. Whenever that bull shifts the
weight of the earth from one horn to the other,
(3) earthquakes result. But Guru says this is not the
(3) only earth. There are countless earths. What power
supports their weight?
(3)
(3) (3)
(3) (4)
(3) (4)
(3) (4)
(3) (4)
(3) (4)
(4)
(3) (4)
(3) Numerous are fools, ignorant to the utmost.
Numerous are thieves, who devour others
The universe exploded from one source of energy
possessions. Numerous are tyrants who impose
(One - Singularity). It sprang from a single act
their will on others. Numerous are cutthroats
of Hukam generating innumerable currents of
who commit murders. Numerous are criminals
creation and started to expand.
who go on committing crimes. Numerous are
AGGS, Jap 16, p 3.
liars who keep repeating lies. Numerous are the
wicked who eat filth (make dishonest living).
(3) Numerous are slanderers who carry the load of
(3) calumny on their minds. Nanak, the
lowly/humble, has spoken his views.
(3) AGGS, Jap 18, p. 4.
(3)
Guru Nanaks commentary on the 15th century
(3) Indian society. It holds true today for the whole
(3) world.
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4) (4)
(4) (4)
(4)
(4) (4)
(4) (4)
(4) (4)
(4)
(4) (4)
(4) (4)
If hands are soiled with dust then cleansing
method is use of simple water. What was the moment or time or lunar day or
AGGS, Jap 20, p 4. day of the week or season or month when the
Cosmos was created? The learned pundits did not
know the time for otherwise they would have
(4) recorded it in the puranas (specific groups of
(4) Hindu scriptures). Nor did the learned qazis
know the time for creation, otherwise they have
(4) written it in the Quran. Neither do the yogis
(4) know the date or day or month or season when
the Cosmos was created. It is only the Creator,
(4) Who created the Cosmos, who knows. AGGS, M
(4) 1, Jap 21, p. 4.
Guru Nanak says that no definite time of origin of
(4) the universe is known in any religion.
(4)
(4)
(4) (5)
(4) (5)
People practice pilgrimage, penance/austerity, (5)
compassion, and charity; If there is any reward
for such activities then, It is equivalent to sesame
seed (means an insignificant achievement). (5)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(5)
(4) After an immense and tiring search, the authors
of Vedas concluded that there are hundreds of (5)

thousands of netherworlds under netherworlds
and skies above skies. The Semitic texts say that (5)
there are eighteen thousand worlds, but their (5)
Creator is One. However, the Cosmos is so vast
that number of celestial bodies cannot be (5)
counted. It is beyond the scope of (5)
counting/measurement, one would run out of
numbers if one were to undertake such a task. (5)
God is Great who knows the account (of the (5)
celestial bodies in the Universe).
AGGS, Jap 22, p. 5. (5)
(5)
There were different concepts about the vastness
of the universe in different religions. After (5)
explaining the old concepts Guru Nanak writes his
(5)
own observations about the infiniteness of
universe. (5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
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(6) (6)
(6)
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(6) (6)
(6) (6)
(6) (6)

(6)
(6)
(6)
How many are attempting to describe God? How (6)
many have departed doing the same. If God were (6)
to create as many more people as already created,

even then they would not be able to describe how
great God is. God is as great as Its Hukam (6)
(Cosmic Law). O Nanak, the True One alone
knows Its greatness. AGGS, Jap 26, p. 6.
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6) O yogi, make contentment your earrings, begging
bowl your modesty, meditation on God the ashes
smeared on your body, thought of death your
(6)
quilted robe, truthful living your way of life and
faith in God your staff. Make universal
(6) brotherhood your Aee Panth (the highest order
of yogis) and subdue your mind (haumai) to
(6) conquer the worldly temptations. Bow in
(6) reverence to the One Who is primordial,
immaculate (pure/perfect), without beginning,
indestructible and changeless throughout the

ages. AGGS, M 1, Jap 28, p. 6
(7)
Yogis (ascetics) looked down upon the (7)
householders though they lived on the charity of
the latter. Guru Nanak admonished them. (7)
(7)
(7)
(6) (7)
(6) (7)
Cosmic Law/God Itself is the Controller and It
controls everything; the desire to acquire (7)
fame/wealth through supernatural powers leads (7)
one astray from Truth. AGGS, Jap 29, p. 6.
(7)
(7)
(6)
There are two types of activities, the ones that (7)
bring about union with God/Truth and the others (7)
that cause separation. AGGS, Jap 28, p. 6.
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
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(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
The Creator has established storehouses in every (7)
habitat to take care of all. Whatever sustenance
was required was put there once for all. AGGS,
M 1, Jap 31, p. 7. (7)
(7)

Nanak, whether one is inferior or superior is (8)

found out when one goes to the court of God
(when one is tested on the touchstone of Truth). (8)
AGGS, Jap 34, p. 7. (8)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(8)
(7)
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(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8) In the smithy of self-control with the patience of
(8) a goldsmith, make intellect the anvil, knowledge
the hammer, dedication the bellows and hard
(8) work the heat of the fire. In the crucible of love
(8) mold God-consciousness, which is the true mint
to construct truthful thoughts. Those are blessed
(8) whose actions are guided by God-consciousness.
(8) O Nanak, this is the way the Merciful one grants
bliss. (Using metaphors Guru Nanak emphasizes
(8) self-discipline, intellect and knowledge in
(8) arriving at the Truth). AGGS, Jap 38, p. 8
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)

Air is the guru, water is the father and Earth is (8)

the great mother of all. Day and night are two
nurses in whose laps the whole world is at play.
AGGS, M 1, p. 8. (8)

Guru Nanak was an environmentalist half a
millennium ahead of his time. The positions of (9)
Guru, Father and Mother are the most highly
regarded in Indian culture. By associating those (9)
with the three most essential life support elements
Guru Nanak wants people to show the same (9)
consideration to these elements as they do to the (9)
three human relationships. In other words, do
nothing that will pollute them.
(9)
(8)
(8) (9)
Good and bad deeds are determined in the light (9)
(hadoor) of Truth (Dharam). According to their
deeds some are drawn closer to Truth (God)
whereas others move away. (9)
AGGS, Jap Slok, p. 8. (9)
(9)

(8) (9)
(8) (9)
(9)
(8) P (9)
(8) (9)
(8) (9)
(8) (9)
(8) (9)
(9)
(8) (9)

(9)
(8)
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(9) (12) P
(9)
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(9) (12)
(9) (12)
(9) (12)

(9)
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(9)

(9)
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(9)
(12)
(9) My wedding date has been fixed, now get-
(9) together and start the celebration by pouring the
oil over the threshold. O my friends give me your
(9) blessings as I am about to meet my Beloved.
(9) AGGS, M 1, p. 12.
(9)
(9)
(12)
(10)
(12)
(10)
(10)

(12)
(12) (13)
(12)
There are six different schools of Hindu (13)
philosophy by six different teachers with six
different sets of teachings. But the Teacher
(God/Truth) of teachers is One, Who is (14) P
interpreted in so many different ways.
(14)
AGGS, M 1, p. 12.
(14)
(14)
(12) (14)
(12) (14)
(12)
(14)
(12)
(14)
(13)
(14)
(14)
(13)
(14)
(13) (14)
(14)
(13) What would I gain if I were to become a sidha
(yogi) and acquire the so-called supernatural
(13) power (magical trickery) to perform miracles to
(13) disappear and appear at will so that people would
hold me in awe? I am afraid such temptations
(13) would make me forget God/Truth.
AGGS M 1, p. 14.
(13) (14)
(14)
(13) (14)
(13) O Nanak, if I were to become a king, raise a
large army, sit on the throne and have the
(13) authority to issue orders (hukam), it would all be
(13) in vain if I were to forget keeping God in my
mind. AGGS, M 1, p. 14.
(13)
(14) (15)
(14) (15)
(14)
(14) (15)
Nanak will stand by the lowest of the lowest, not
(14) with the elite. Societies that take care of the
downtrodden have the blessing of God. AGGS, M
(14) 1, p. 15.
(14)
(14)
(15)
(14)
(15)
(14)
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(15)

(15) (16)
(16)
(15) (16)
(15)
(16) (16)
(16)
(16) (16)
(16) O baba (respected one) food/diet which is
injurious to the body and mind should be avoided
(16) as it destroys happiness. AGGS, M 1, p. 16.
(16)
(16)
(16) (16)
(16)
(16) (16)
(16) (16)
(16)
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(16) (16)
(16) (16)

(16)
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(16) (16)
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(17) (17)
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(17) (17)
(17) (17)
(17)
(17) (17)
(17) (17)
(17) (17)
What happens to Jio when the body mingles with
the dust after death? All the (18)
intelligence/cleverness is burnt away when the (18)
suffering body becomes lifeless.
AGGS, M 1, p. 17. (18)
(18)
(17) (18)
(17) (18)
(17)
(17) (18)
(17) (18)
(17) (18)
(17) (18)
(17) (18)


(18) (18)
(18) (18)
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(18) (19)
(19)
(18) (19)
(18) (19)
(18) (19)
(18) (19)
(18) The lifeless body without consciousness (Jio) is
dreadful. It stops breathing when the fire
(18) (energy) that kept it alive is extinguished. The
(18) five sense organs that were exhausted by
corrupting influence of the world, cry in pain.
(18) AGGS, M 1, p. 19.
(18)
(19)
(18) (19)
(19)
(18) (19)
(18)
(19) (20)
(19) (20)
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(19) (20)
(19) (20)
(19) (20)
(20)
(19) (20)
(19) (20)
The True One created the air; air produced water (20)
and it is water wherein evolved the world of life
with Cosmic-consciousness (God-consciousness).
AGGS, M 1, p. 19. (20)
The Cosmos is continuously evolving, be it the (20)
Earth and the life on it. Guru Nanak postulates that (20)
life evolved in water and water is essential for the
survival of life.
O my mind, my dear friend listen, this is the only
time for you to meet God. Moreover, this
(19) opportunity will last only as long as the body is
healthy and full of vitality. AGGS, M 1, p. 20.
(19)
Guru Nanak rejects the concept of past or future
life when it lays utmost stress on the present life (21)

with a clear warning that this is the only
opportunity to realize God: (21)
(21)
(20) (21)
(20) (21)

(20) (21)
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(21) (22)
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(22) (22)
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(22)
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(23)
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(23)

(23)
(24)

(23) (24)
(23) Make your daily action the soil, plant the seed of
Sabad (Truth) and irrigate daily with the water of
(23) truthful living. Become such a farmer then your
faith will sprout. O ignorant one, this way you
(23) would understand the meaning of hell and
heaven. AGGS, M 1, p. 24.
(23)
(23)
(24)
(23)
(23) (24)
(23)
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(24)
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(25) (25)
(25) (25)
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(25) (25)
(25) (26)
(25)
(25) (26)
(25) (26)
God honors those who serve others in the world.
(25) AGGS, M 1, p. 26.
(25)
(25) (26)
(25)
(25) (53) P
(25) (53)
(53) continuous prayers (sincere efforts). Allah does

not consult anyone when It builds or destroys, or
(53) when It gives or takes away. Allah alone knows
(53) its qudrat (full scope of naturalism). It alone is
the Doer. It watches over all kindly and provides
(53) for them according to their needs.
(53) AGGS, M 1, p. 53.
(53) Guru Nanak challenged the superiority of Islam

(53) and bigotry of the Muslim rulers.

(53) (53)
(53) (53)
(53) (53)
(53) (53)
(53) (53)
(53) (53)
(53) (53)
As one understands Gods attributes one finds (53)
that describing Its greatness is like wracking the
(53)
brain. Those who describe God dont know Its
greatness or where It resides. All those who have (53)
tried to answer these questions with intense
contemplation have been unsuccessful. O baba (53)
(Sir), Allah is unreachable and infinite (beyond (54)
human comprehension in totality). Sacred is Its
name and sacred is Its abode and It is eternal (54)
and the cherisher of all. Pause. Even the power (54)
of Its immutable Hukam (Cosmic Law) is

indescribable, no one could write it down. If one
hundred poets were to get together to try to (54)
describe it, they would not be able to describe (54)
even a tiny bit of it after wracking their brains.
No one can evaluate Allahs greatness. They all (54)
merely repeat again and again what they have (54)
heard before. Pirs, prophets, spiritual teachers,
faithful ones, carefree mendicants, martyrs, (54)
sheikhs, mystics, qazis, mullahs and dervishes (54)
who are said to have reached Allah, couldnt
describe the greatness of Allah. Their (54)
accomplishments are Allahs blessings for their (54)
(54) (54)
(54) (55)
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(55) (56)
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(58) (59)
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(60) (61)
(60) (61)
(60) (61)
(60) (61)

(61) (61)
(61) (61)
(61) (61)
(61) (61)
(61) (62)
(61) (62)
(61) (62)
(61) (62)
(62)
(61) (62)
(61)
(61) (62)
(61) (62)
(61)
(62)
(61) One obtains peace and happiness through
Sabad-surat (God-consciousness/Cosmic
(61)
consciousness) by contemplating on Gods
(61) excellences, which are the source of bliss.
AGGS, M 1, p. 62.
(61)
(61)
(62)
(61)
(62)
(61)

(61)
(62)
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(62)
(62) The human body that is empty of love crumbles

into a heap of ashes (is wasted away).
(62) AGGS, M 1, p. 62.
(62)
(62) (62)
(62)
(62) (62)
(62) (62)
(62) (62)
There are so many stubborn (self-centered) (62)
people who perform austerities and so many who (63)
deliberate on the Vedas to obtain liberation. They
create so many obstacles and entanglements for (63)
themselves whereas a gurmukh (God-centered
(63)
being) obtains liberation. Truth is higher than
everything, but higher still is truthful living. (63)
(Because that is union with God). Regard
(63)
everyone as exalted as there is no one of low
caste. The One, Whose Light shines everywhere (63)
creates all. It is the immutable Hukam (Cosmic
(63)
Law) that one realizes God/Truth through ones
deeds only. AGGS, M 1, p. 62. (63)
(63)
(62) (63)
(62) (63)
(62)
(62) (63)
(62) (63)
(62) (63)
(63)
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(63) (64)
(63) (64)
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(63)
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(63) (64)
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(63)
(63) (71) P
(63) (71)
(64) (71)
(64) (71)
(64) (71)
(64)
(71)
(64) (71)
(71)
(64)
(71) (72)
(71)
(71)
(72)
(71) O Nanak, Satguru (True God), is the One Who
brings all together. AGGS, M 1, p. 72.
(71)
(71)
(72)

(72)
(72)

(72)
(72)
(72)
(72)
(72)
What constitutes a society (satsangat) of
saints/enlightened beings? There is satsangat
where there is deliberation/contemplation on (72)
the True One. AGGS, M 1, p. 72.
(72)
(72)

(72)
(72)
(72)
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: (83)

(83)
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Worthless is the caste and worthless is the status
(76)
attached to it, as the Protector of all is One. One
(76) may consider oneself high, but Nanak says,
High is the one who is approved by God. (91)

AGGS, M 1, p. 83.
(91)
Nanak rejected the caste system and the notions of (91)
karma and transmigration. It was the caste system
that atomized the Hindu society whereas it was the
Evil-mindedness is dumni (a woman of low caste
doctrine of karma and transmigration that
of minstrels), cruelty is a ksain (butchers wife), a
infused the Hindu psyche with the sense of
slanderous heart is a chuhri (sweeper woman)
fatalism, helplessness and hopelessness. He went
and wrath which ruins the world is a chandalni
to extraordinary lengths in denouncing these
(out-caste woman). What is the benefit of
doctrines. He emphasized frequently that it is only
drawing a boundary line around your cooking
truthful living that determines ones real worth.
place when these four are sitting inside you?
The real low-castes are those who turn their back
Make Truth your guide (self-discipline), truthful
on Truth [God]:
living the line you draw around the kitchen and
contemplation on God the ceremonial bath you
: (83) take. Nanak, God exalts those who do not lead
others on the path of wickedness. AGGS, M 1, p.
(83) 91.
(84)
In this hymn Guru Nanak condemns the caste
(84) system and the concept of ritual purity. He uses
(84) the most despised section of the Indian society,
low caste and untouchable women as metaphors.
(84) He says that the caste label does not make one
(84) dumni (fUmxI), a woman of low caste of minstrels
or ksain (kswieix), a woman from butcher caste or
(84)
chuhri (cUhVI), a sweeper woman or chandalni
(84) (cMfwlnI), an out-caste woman; rather it is an evil
: (85) mind that is dumni, cruelty that is ksain, slander
that is chuhri and anger that is chandalni. O
(85)
Brahman, an evil mind, cruelty, slander and anger,
(85) the four are within you. How will the marking of
your cooking-square with a line around it keep
(85)
your food pure, when the cook (Brahman) is
(85) already defiled? Guru Nanak advises the
Brahman that before God only Truth and truthful
(85)
living matters, not ones caste or social status in
(85) society:
: (91)
: (91)

(91) (91)

(91) (109)
(109) P (109)
(109)
(109) (109)
(109)

(109) (137) P
(109) (137)
: (137)
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(139) If a bloodstain defiles/pollutes the robe/garment
then how could the conscience of those who
(139) drink human blood (exploit, persecute and
It is Hukam (Cosmic Law) that puts murder people) be clean?
consciousness in the body. It is also Hukam that AGGS, M 1, p. 140.
takes away consciousness from the body. AGGS,
M 1, p. 139.
(140)
(140)
(139)
: (140)
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: (140)
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(140) (140)
(140)
Let mercy be your mosque, faith be your prayer
: (140)
mat, honest living be your Quran, and fidelity to
(140) your wife be your circumcision and good conduct
be your fast. This will make you a true Muslim. one, practice of charity the third one, cleansing
Make pious work your kaaba, Truth your the mind of evil thoughts the fourth one and
spiritual teacher, good deeds your prayer and contemplation on God's excellences the fifth one.
recognize your rosary as Gods Will. This And let good deeds become your kalma, the
conduct of yours will bring you honor in the foundation of your faith. If one practices the
court of God. AGGS, M 1, p. 140. above, only then one is a true Muslim
(gurmukh). Otherwise O Nanak, by practicing
Here Guru Nanak rejects conventional/ritualistic hypocrisy, one becomes false through and
prayers; instead he suggests universal human through. AGGS, M 1, p. 141.
values as a way of life not only for a Muslim but
for the entire humanity. Guru Nanak carried the same message that he gave
to the Brahman, to the Muslim audience. For
: (141) example, he explained the true meaning of the five
prayers and what is required to become a true
(141) Muslim (gurmukh):
(141)
(141) (141)
(141) (141)
(141) (141)
To violate or usurp someones right or take away (141)
what rightfully belongs to another is like eating
pork for a Muslim and beef for a Hindu. The (141)
spiritual guide (gur pir) would stand by only if (141)
the follower does not make an unlawful living.
Mere talk does not lead to paradise; salvation lies (141)
in right conduct. Adding spice to unlawfully (141)
earned food does not make it Halal (lawful).
Nanak, falsehood begets only falsehood.
AGGS, M 1, p. 141.
(141)
: (141) Nanak, Hukam acts and causes others to act and
It controls development/progress.
(141) AGGS, M 1, p. 141.
(141)
(141) : (141)
(141)
(141) (141)

The five prayers for the five different times (141)
during the day have five different names. Make
truth the first prayer, honest living the second
(141) Even under such conditions my longing to adore

God and sing Its praises would not diminish. (In
other words, I will not waver from the path of
(141) Truth). AGGS, M 1, p. 142.

Nanak proclaimed the freedom of conscience
(141) (religion) and universal liberty, equality and
(141) justice by declaring allegiance only to God:
(141)
(141) : (142)
(141) (142)

(141)
(142)
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: (141)
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: (142)
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If one submits to injustice or tyranny without
(142) moral resistance then all efforts to subsist are
fruitless. AGGS, M 1, p. 142.
(142)
I will adore God even if I was to be afflicted with
bodily pain under the influence of unlucky stars (142)
and I was to suffer under blood-sucking rulers.
(142) : (142)
(142) (142)
(142) (143)
: (142) (143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
(143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
(143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
What good is caste/social status? Ones true
worth is determined by Truth/truthful living. : (143)
Caste/social status is like holding poison in the (143)
hand. If one tastes it, one dies. AGGS, M 1, p.
142. (143)
(143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
(142) (143)
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(142) : (143)
: (142) (143)
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(143) (144)
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(143) : (144)
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(144) (145)
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(144) : (145)
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(144) (145)
(144) (145)
(144) : (145)
(144)
(144) (145)

(145)
(144) It is a murderous age, the kings are butchers,
(144) and righteousness has taken on wings. It is the
dark Amaavas night (fifteenth night of the
(144) descending moon) of falsehood as the moon of
: (144) Truth does not rise anywhere.
AGGS, M 1, p. 145.
(144)
Guru Nanak describes the rampant moral
degeneration that plagued the society: tyranny, (146)

injustice, cruelty, greed, corruption, exploitation,
falsehood, hypocrisy, pretension, deception and (146)
self-conceit. Not only was he deeply anguished by (146)
the sheer ignorance of the masses and their
exploitation by the powerful assembly of elite
(146)
ranks comprising rulers, government (146)
administrators, clergy and the rich, but also the
heartbreaking conditions of (146)
untouchables/outcastes and women who were (146)
thrust at the lowest rung of the social order. He
condemned the elite elements vigorously by (146)
calling spade a spade. (146)
(146)
(145)
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: (145) (147)
(145) (147)
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(145) (147)
(145) (147)

(147) (147)
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(147) (147)
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(147) (147)
(147) (148)
(147) (148)
(147) (148)
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: (147) (148)
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(148)
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: (148)
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: (149) (149)
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(149) (149)
(149) (150)
(149)
The Jain monks pluck their scalp hair, drink
(149) dirty water and beg for leftover uneaten food.
(149) They breathe the stench while scattering their
feces to save fecal worms, and refrain from
(149) bathing. Their scalp hair is plucked like sheep
(149) wool with hands smeared with ashes. They give
up the occupations of their parents leaving
(149) behind unhappy families. They do not perform
(149) the Hindu death rites like offerings of rice dishes
and lighting of earthen lamps, nor do they say
(149) where they will go after death (they dont believe
in hell and heaven). Nor do they pay homage at
sixty-eight Hindu centers or serve the Brahmans. (150)

They always remain dirty and do not put the
ceremonial mark on their forehead. They sit (150)
together with heads down as if in mourning and (150)
do not attend any congregation. With begging
bowls hanging from their waists, they walk in a (150)
single file with flywhisks in their hands. Neither (150)
do they follow the customs of yogis or jangams
(followers of Shiva) nor those of Muslims (qazi (150)
and mullah). The despised ones are lost in (150)
ignorance as they misunderstand compassion
and nonviolence. The entire lot is disgusting. (150)
AGGS, M 1, pp. 149-50. (150)
Nanak condemned the disgusting life negating- : (150)
practices of Jain monks who had taken
(150)
nonviolence to the extreme. They went naked and
begged for joothi food (leftover uneaten food). (150)
They remained filthy as they refrained from
(150)
washing themselves to avoid the killing of water
born organisms, plucked their scalp hair to avoid (150)
the killing of lice, swept the path and walked in
(150)
line to avoid trampling over insects and worms.
(150)
(150) (150)
(150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
(150) (150)
I was an unemployed bard (dhadi) when the
(150) Master (inner voice) called me to the abode of
Truth and gave me a job. The Master ordered me
(150) to sing the praises of Truth day and night and
honored me with the assignment of glorifying
Truth. I received the nectar of Truth as (151)

sustenance. Enlightened beings (gurmukhs) who
have eaten it to the full are blissful. I, the bard, (151)
openly proclaim the glory of Truth. Nanak has Neither the Jio dies, nor drowns or swims across
found the Perfect One by glorifying the Truth. (transmigrates). The One, Who has created the
AGGS, M 1, p. 150. Cosmos, also controls its working.
AGGS, M 1, p. 151.
(151)
(151) P
(151)
(151) Hukam creates, Hukam destroys and Hukam
pervades everywhere. AGGS, M 1, p. 151.
(151)
(151) (151)
(151) (151)
(151) (151)
(151) (151)
(151) (151)
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(151) (152)
(151) (152)
(151) (152)
(151)
(151) (152)
(151) (152)

(152) (152)
(152) (152)
(152) (152)
(152) (152)
(152) (152)
(152) (152)
(152) (152)
(152) (152)
(152) (152)
The body is made of earth (various elements) and (152)
it is the air (breath) that keeps it alive. O wise
one, then tell me who died because the body and (152)
the air it breathed are still here? It is (152)
consciousness that died along with disputes
caused by egotistical pride, but the One (Creator) (152)
who takes care of all does not die. (152)
AGGS, M 1, p. 152.
(152)
The meaning of the four pithy verses becomes (152)
abundantly clear when we consider that God is
both manifest as Cosmos and un-manifest as (152)
omnipresent Hukam. Death of the body affects (152)
only the manifest form of God - the matter
(elements) that constitutes the body. The matter (152)
goes back to earth and is recycled to create new
(152)
life. The Omnipresent One (Hukam), which
operates in all living beings and pervades (152)
everywhere is Everlasting. It is remarkable that
(152)
Guru Nanak defines death as the loss of
consciousness, which is similar to the modern (152)
understanding of death, medically speaking.
(152)
Cosmos is the manifest form of God, which is
continuously changing, but it does not change in
Its total content.
(152)
(152)
(152)
(152)
(152)
(152)
(152)
(152) (153)
(152) (153)
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(153) (154)
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(154) (155)
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(154) (155)
(154) (155)
(154)
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(154)
(155)
O my mind listen to my advice (inner (155)
voice/conscience)! Only good deeds count in life,
this is your only chance to realize God through
good deeds, as you wont have another life. (155)
AGGS, M 1, p. 154.
(155)
(155)
(154)
(155)
(155)

(155) (155)
(155) (155)

(155) (155)

(155)
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(155) (155)

(155)
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(155)
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(155) (156)
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(156)
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(157) P
(220)
(157) (220)
(157) (220)
(157) (220)
(157) (221)

(221)
(157)
(157)
(221)

Knowledge is anjan (antimony that is supposed to
(157) sharpen ones vision) that made me see
(157) (understand) Gurus teachings.
AGGS, M 1, p. 221.

(221)
(157)
(221)
(221)
(157)
(221)
(157)
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(157) (221)
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(221)
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(221) Amassing riches leads to moral degradation.
AGGS, M 1, p. 222.
(221)
(221)
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(223) (223)
(223) (223)
(223)
(223) (223)
(223) (223)
(223) To practice forgiveness is the true fast as it leads
to good conduct and contentment.
(223) AGGS, M 1, p. 223.
(223) (223)
(223) (223)
(223)
(223) (223)
(223) (223)
(223) What is the yogi afraid of? God is everywhere -
in the trees and plants (forest), within the
(223) household and outside as well.
(223) AGGS, M 1, p. 223.
(223) There is not a single aspect of nature that remains

(223) untouched by Guru Nanaks pen. His emphatic
proclamation of omnipresence of God and
(223) oneness of creation inspires/invokes awe and
(223) reverence for nature. The presence of God
everywhere and in each throbbing cell reminds us
(223) of the symbiotic and ecological harmony in the
world of life and environment:
(223)
(223)
(223)
(223)
(223)
(223)
(223)
The service to the Guru is to comprehend the (223)
philosophy of the Guru. (223)
What is that philosophy ?
Getting rid of ego and to do good deeds. (223)
AGGS, M 1, p 223 (223)
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(227) A gurmukh follows the Hukam (Laws of nature)
faithfully. AGGS, M 1, p. 227.
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People readily accept falsehood as the truth but
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(228) AGGS, M 1, p 229.

Guru Nanak had observed that people accept (242)

falsehood easily whereas the truth is not easily
understood by many:
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(349) not enhance or diminish Gods greatness. AGGS,

M 1, p. 349.
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(349) Those who forget God are degenerate. O Nanak,
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low/outcaste. AGGS, M 1, p. 10 and p. 349.
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(349) Recognize the Light that is present in all. Do not
ask anyone's caste as there is no caste under
(349) Gods domain. AGGS, M 1, p. 349.
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If all the people get together, even then after (349)
their best efforts they cant describe even an iota
of Gods greatness. Further, what they say does (349)

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My Master is One; O brother, It is One and Only.
(349) AGGS, M 1, p. 350.
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Make intellect the musical instrument and love
(350) the drum. Playing this music will produce bliss
Even the king does not accept the petition unless and lasting pleasure in your mind.
the petitioner bribes. If someone petitions only in AGGS, M 1, p. 350.
the name of God (justice), nobody listens. AGGS,
M 1, p. 350.
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(357) The Truth is my lamp and my suffering

(ignorance and falsehood) is the oil in the lamp.
(357) The flame of Truth burns the oil saving me from
(357) spiritual death (liberating me from ignorance
and falsehood). AGGS, M 1, p. 358.
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(357) An in-depth analysis of his compositions makes it
clear that Nanaks thoughts are centered on the

Eternal Truth:
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(359) bother about paradise or salvation? AGGS, M 1,

p. 360.

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After subjugating Khurasan (Afghanistan)
(360) Babur has frightened Hindustan (India) with
invasion. But the Creator did not send Mughal
(360) (Babur), the angel of death. There was such a
terrible slaughter that people wept and wailed for
help, but You the (Creator) were not moved. O

the Creator, You are the cherisher/sustainer of
(360) all. (The implication is that God does not take
sides in human conflicts). One may not feel
indignation if the conflict is between two equally
(360)
strong forces. Pause. On the other hand, if a
Vision (realization) of God is the nectar of Truth, powerful lion attacks a herd of cows then it is the
whosoever drinks it, becomes one with God. Why duty of the herdsman to protect the herd. (Here
should one who is in love with the vision of God Guru Nanak is talking about the overwhelming
superiority of Baburs army and he is holding the
Lodis (rulers) responsible for their defeat and the (411)

slaughter of the innocent subjects). Nobody will
mourn the death of these dogs (Lodis), who are (411)
responsible for the destruction of this priceless (411)
country. It is God (Hukam) Who creates order
and disorder. I marvel at Gods greatness and (411)
glory. If someone asserts his/her greatness and (411)
glory and enjoys worldly pleasures to satisfy
haumai then in the eyes of God such a person is (411)
like an insect/worm that subsists on grains. O (411)
Nanak, if one dies to self (subdues haumai), only
then one makes progress by contemplating on (411)
God/Truth. AGGS, M 1, p. 360. (411)
Guru Nanak denounced forcefully Baburs (411)
invasion and the atrocities committed by his army
(411)
on the civilian population:
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There is no other medicine, Tantric spells or (416)
magical mantras, but Naam Simran (dwelling on
God) destroys evil. AGGS, M 1, p. 416. (416)
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(417) The soldiers who dishonored them were ordered

to take them away. Honor or punishment is
(417) bestowed according to Hukam (Cosmic Law).
(417) Had the people (government officials) carried out
their duties beforehand they would not have
(417) faced this punishment! The Lodi rulers had
(417) forgotten their duty while reveling in pleasure
and sensuality. Since the imposition of Babars
(417) rule even the princes have no food to eat, not to
(417) speak of the common people. The five times daily
prayers of Muslims have been disrupted and the
(417) Hindus are not worshiping as well. Without
(417) sacred square how shall the Hindu women bathe
and apply the frontal mark to their foreheads?
(417) Those who never contemplated on Ram before
cant utter the word Khuda (Muslim name for
(417)
God) now. Those who have survived return to
(417) their homes. They meet other people to ask about
their well-being. Others keeping crying and
(417)
talking about their pain and say that this was
their destiny. Nanak, people say whatever pleases
(417) God, comes to pass, what a man can do? AGGS,
M 1, p. 417.
(417)
(417) Guru Nanak describes the battle scene and the
Those whose heads were adorned with braided plight of women at the hands of Baburs soldiers.
hair and vermillion in the parting of hair, are It needs to be pointed out here that Guru Nanak
now forcefully shaved with scissors and chocked did not believe in absolute pacifism because
with dust in their throats. They lived in palatial peaceful resistance alone cannot stop/prevent
mansions, but now they cant even go near them. injustice or tyranny or armed aggression. Baburs
Hail to You, O Baba (God), Hail to You. O easy victory was mainly due to the superior
Primal One, You are infinite, You keep creating firepower of his forces. He condemned the Indian
and beholding your creation. Pause. When they rulers for their lack of preparedness and failure to
were married, their husbands looked so provide protection to their subjects. He also deals
handsome beside them. They were brought in with the questions like: Did God send Babur to
palanquins and their arms were decked with punish them or why did not God feel pity for the
ivory bangles. Water was sacrificed over their victims of Babur's atrocities and not protect them?
heads to ward off evil and comforted with He makes it clear that God didnt send Babur to
glittering fans. They were showered with very punish them; it was the unjust rule of the Lodis,
expensive gifts worth thousands of rupees. They and their lack of adequate defense that invited
ate coconuts and dates and enjoyed the pleasures Baburs attack. When people become self-
of bed. But now there are ropes around their centered, their actions are governed by their
necks and their chains of pearls are broken. haumai, which result in wars and innocent people
Their wealth and beauty which gave them so too suffer for being a part of the society. That is
much pleasure have now become their enemies. why he says that rulers must be just and
benevolent.
(417) where are mirrors to look into? Nowhere to be

seen here. This world is Yours and You are its
(417) Lord. In an instant You create and destroy and
(417) distribute Your bounties. Pause. Where are those
homes, gates, pavilions, mansions and beautiful
(417) inns? Where are those luxurious beds and those
(417) charming women, whose beauty robbed their
lovers of sleep? Where are betel leaves and the
women who used to sell them? Where are the
(417) Muslim women who remained in seclusion in
harems? They all have disappeared like shadows.
(417)
For the sake of this wealth so many have been
(417) ruined and, because of this wealth so many have
been disgraced. Wealth cant be amassed without
(417) illegal deeds and it does not go with the dead.
Whosoever is corrupted by the temptations of the
(417) world loses virtue. The Mughals and Pathans
fought clashing swords on the battlefield. The
(417) Mughals took aim and fired their rifles whereas
(417) the Pathans attacked with their elephants. O
brother, who marched into the valley of death,
(417) dies. The veils and robes of the women, whether
Hindu or Muslim or Bhattis or Rajputs, that
covered them from head to foot were torn away.
(418)
Some ended in cemeteries and cremation
(418) grounds. And how did those women spend their
nights whose husbands did not return from the
(418)
battlefield? To whom should people complain
(418) when they believe it is Gods doing? Where can
they go and cry for help when they believe that
(418)
pain and pleasure are caused by God? The
(418) Commander (God) is satisfied as it is the
Command (Hukam) that controls the Cosmos. O
(418) Nanak, one earns according to what one has
done. AGGS, M 1, p. 417.
(418)
When they heard of the invasion of Mir (King)
(418) Babur, the Lodis engaged numerous pirs (spiritual
guides) for help. However, Mughals overran defense
(418) posts, burnt down forts and palaces, cut down the
princes to pieces and cast them into dust. The
supernatural power of the pirs could not blind a
(418)
single Mughal soldier.
Where are fun and games and stables and AGGS, M 1, p. 418.
horses? Where are the bugles and drums? Where
are fine wool sword belts and where are those
scarlet uniforms? Where are beautiful faces and
While condemning the exploitation of the masses (418)

by the elite (the government, the rich and the
religious establishment), Guru Nanak laid (418)
emphasis on honest living. According to tradition, (418)
he accepted the invitation of a poor carpenter of
low caste, Bhai Lalo, and spurned the invitation of (418)
an upper-caste rich landlord named Malik Bhago, (418)
to demonstrate that hard work and honest living
are divine whereas ill-gotten wealth is evil. (418)
(418)
Guru Nanak digs at the ignorant and superstitious
minds of the Lodi rulers and the hollow claims of
the supernatural powers of the pirs. The desperate (418)
Lodis engaged pirs (Muslim holy men) to perform (418)
miracles and sorcery to defeat the Mughals. The
hollowness of the supernatural powers of the pirs (418)
was exposed, as they could not blind a single
(418)
Mughal solider. It was the superior weaponry and
determination of Baburs army, which defeated the (418)
Lodis,
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(420) (421)
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(421) (421)
(421) (421)
(421) One who follows the Hukam does not face
obstacles (troubles). AGGS, M 1, p. 421.
(421)
(421) Hukam is an Arabic word and its Punjabi
equivalent is Bhana. In the AGGS, Hukam means
Cosmic Law, Gurus teachings or temporal law. It
(421) is also interpreted as order, command, decree,
mandate, permission and sanction. The
(421)
compliance with Hukam is called Raja, which is
(421) also an Arabic word. Cosmos is the
manifest/visible form of God whereas Hukam
(421)
(Cosmic Law) is Its invisible form that pervades
(421) the Cosmos. Hukam is infinite and ineffable
(incomprehensible in totality). It is immutable and (422)

it sustains and supports the Cosmos. Everything in
the Cosmos is subject to Hukam and nothing is (422)
beyond it. Every action and reaction and (422)
happening occurs according to Hukam. It is
ignorance of the Hukam, which makes people say (422)
that such a phenomenon or happening is a miracle. (422)
(422)
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(438) (462)

(438)
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: (462)
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(439)
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(439) : (463)
(439) (463)
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: (463)
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(463) (463)
(463) (463)
(463) (463)
(463) (463)
(463) (463)
(463) (463)
True are Your universes and True their parts. (463)
True are Your planets/habitats and True are your
creatures of different forms and shapes. True are (463)
Your actions/works and True are Your (463)
deliberations and decisions. True is Your
authority and True is Your justice. True is Your
Law and True is Your mandate. True is Your (463)
mercy and True are Your gifts. Hundreds of
(463)
thousands and tens of millions call You True. In
the True One is all the power and in the True
One is all the authority. True is Your Praise and
: (463)
True is Your adoration. O the True King, True is
Your creative power and creation. O Nanak, true (463)
are those who meditate on the True One (practice
truth). Those who do not realize the Truth waste (463)
their lives. AGGS, M 1, p. 463. (463)
Contrary to the prevalent life-negating (463)

(withdrawal from life) Indian views that (464)
emphasize the nothingness of the world by calling
it unreal or simply illusion, Guru Nanak's message (464)
is life affirming enjoying life with hope, (464)
confidence and optimism. He emphasized the Vismaad is Cosmic sound/music (Cosmic Law),
reality of the world as it is the creation of the True vismaad is Cosmic knowledge. Vismaad are the
One. He proclaimed that the Earth was created to creatures and flora, vismaad are their
practice righteousness and the objective of human differences. Vismaad are their forms and shapes,
life is to become a gurmukh (Godlike, God- vismaad are their colors. Vismaad are the
centered being, moral enlightened being). creatures without fur or feathers. Vismaad is air,
vismaad is water. Vismaad is energy that is
performing wonderful tasks. Vismaad is the
: (463)
Earth, vismaad are the myriads of species living
(463) on it. AGGS, M 1, p. 463.
(463)
Guru Nanak used the word vismaad (ivsmwdu) for
(463) describing the beauty and wonder of the Cosmos.
(464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) The wind blows forever under the fear.
Innumerable rivers flow under the fear. Energy
(464) works under the fear. Earth supports its weight
: (464) in compact form under the fear. Clouds move in
the sky under the fear. The mythical judge of
justice (action and reaction) performs its duty
(464) under the fear. Sun and moon travel tens of
millions miles endlessly under the fear.
(464)
AGGS, M 1, p. 464.
(464)
Instead of Hukam, Guru Nanak also used the
(464)
words bhai which literally means fear. But here it
(464) is fear of the Hukam (Cosmic Law), meaning
compliance with the Hukam. In other words
everything in the Cosmos is fearful (subject to) of
(464) the Cosmic Law:
(464)
(464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464) (464)
(464)
(464) (464)
(464) : (464)
(464) (464)
(464)
: (464) (464)
(464) (465)
(464) (465)
(464) (465)
(464) (465)
(465)
(465)
(465) (465)
(465) One who, deliberates on Gurus teachings and
follows them faithfully, crosses the ocean of
(465)
worldly temptation under the watchful eye of the
Benevolent One. AGGS, M 1, p. 465.
(465)
(465)
(465)
(465)

(465)
(465)
(465)
(465)
(465)
: (465)
(465)
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(465) (465)
: (465) (465)
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(465)
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: (465)

(465) (466)
(465) (466)
(465) (466)
(465)
(465) : (466)
(466) (466)
(466) (466)
(466) (466)
(466) (466)
(466) (466)
(466)
(466) (466)
There are living beings in water, on land and in (466)
the Cosmos. AGGS, M 1, p. 466.
(466)
Guru Nanak also postulated that there are other (466)
places with life in the cosmos
(466)
(466)

(466)
(466)
(466)
(466)
(466) (466)
: (466) (466)
(466) (466)
(466) (466)
(466) In haumai one comes and in haumai one goes.
In haumai one is born and in haumai one dies.
(466) In haumai one gives and in haumai one takes. In
(466) haumai one profits and in haumai one loses. In
haumai one is true or false. In haumai one
reflects on good or bad deeds and in haumai one
(466) experiences pain or pleasure. In haumai one
laughs and in haumai one weeps. In haumai one

thinks evil and in haumai one gets rid of evil. In
(466) haumai one loses social status and family
reputation. In haumai one becomes stupid and in (467)

haumai one becomes wise. In haumai one does
not understand the meaning of (467)
liberation/salvation. Haumai is maya - : (467)
corrupting influence of worldly temptations. The
whole world of life is created with innate haumai. (467)
When one understands haumai then one finds (467)
the path of Truth. Without
knowledge/understanding of haumai one babbles (467)
and argues. Nanak, it is Hukam that controls the
working of the Cosmos. However, one
(467)
acts/behaves like what one sees (environmental
influence). (467)
AGGS, M 1, p. 466.
(467)
Haumai has been translated as pride, ego, egotism, (467)
I-ness and self-centeredness, but these words are
inadequate to describe it fully. Guru Nanak (467)
pointed out that human activity from birth to death (467)
is under the control of haumai unless one submits

to God - Hukam (Cosmic Law) and it is haumai
that is responsible for human progress as well as (467)
suffering: (467)
(467)
(466)
: (467)
(466)
(467)
(467)
(467)
(467)
(467)
(467)
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: (467)
: (467)
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(467) (468)
(467) (468)
(467)
(467) : (468)
(467) (468)
(467) (468)
(467) (468)
(467) (468)
(467) (468)
(467) (468)
(467)
(467) (468)
(468) (468)
(468) Truthful is the one who follows the Truth and
shows compassion for all living beings and
(468) practices charity. AGGS, M 1, p. 468.
(468)
(468)
(468) (468)
(468) (468)
(468) (468)
(468) (468)
(468) (468)
: (468) (468)
(468) (468)
(468) (468)
(468) (468)
(468) (468)
(468)
(468) : (468)
(468) (468)
(468) (469)
(468)
(468) (469)
(469)
Truth has vanished and falsehood prevails
everywhere, as the society has gone astray due to
lack of morality. The Hindus have lost their (469)
honor due to their own actions (disunity). Now Greed is the king, sin is the prime minister, and
how can they restore their honor? It is only the falsehood is the treasurer. Sexual drive, the
whole grain that germinates when sowed in chief advisor, is consulted again and again to
proper season. O Nanak, raw fabric cant be devise schemes. The ignorant subjects (peasants
dyed in permanent color without first and artisans), who grope in darkness are
mercerizing it. (In other words, it is only when exploited and forced to pay bribes. The preacher
the Hindu society is united as one and fights for adorns himself in costumes, dances, plays music,
a common purpose with steadfastness that it can and sings in loud tunes the legends of warriors
restore its honor). AGGS, M 1, p. 468. and battles. The foolish greedy pundit (priest)
gathers wealth through chicanery and clever
Guru Nanak points out that it is the disunity of arguments. The religious ones waste their
Hindus that caused their defeat by the Muslim generosity/charitableness, as they ask for
invaders and he held the caste system and its salvation (heavenly rewards) as a reward. Some
hierarchy responsible. He reminded the Hindus give up the householder life and call themselves
that when people lose self-respect by submitting to jati (ascetic, celibate), but do not know the
tyranny or injustice without moral resistance, all righteous path (Truth). Everyone thinks oneself
their efforts to subsist are fruitless. In a poetic as perfect and no one admits shortcomings.
interpretation of the problem, he says, Only a However, O Nanak, ones true worth is
whole grain germinates to bear fruit, not a split determined when one is weighed on the scale of
one: Truth. AGGS, M 1, p. 468.
Guru Nanaks soulful commentary on Indian

(468) society of 15th century.
(468)
: (468) (469)
(469)
(468) (469)
(468)
(469) (469)
(469) (469)
Caste or worldly power is of no avail; under
(469)
Gods domain rules are different. Only those are
(469) honored there, who earn merit through truthful
living! AGGS, M 1, p. 469.
(469) (470)
(470)
(469) (470)

(470)
(469)
(470)
(469)
: (470)
(469)
(470)
(469)
(470)
: (469)
(470)
(469)
(470)
(469)
(470)
(469)
(470)
(469)

(470)
(469)
(470)

(469)
(470)

(469)
(470)
: (469)
(470)
(469)
(470)

(470)
(469)
(470)
(469)
(470)
(469)

(469)
(470)
(469)

(469) (470)
(469) (470)
: (470) (470)
(470) (470)
: (470) (471)
(470)
(470) : (471)
(470) (471)
(471)
(470) Make compassion the cotton, contentment the
yarn, continence the knot and truth the twist. O
O Nanak, sweetness (politeness) and humility are
pundit (priest), a thread of this type awakens the
the essence of virtues and goodness.
inner-self (conscience). If you have such a
AGGS, M 1, p. 470.
janaeu, then put it on me. AGGS, M 1, p. 471.
From early on, Guru Nanak rebelled against the

Hindu beliefs. According to Sikh tradition, to the
(470) embarrassment of family, friends and relatives, he
(470) refused to wear the sacred thread [janaeu] at the
ceremony by raising questions about its benefit:
(470)
(470) (471)
: (470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) : (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) : (471)
(470) (471)
(470) (471)
(470) : (471)
(471) (471)
(471) secretly but you behave like Muslims outside and

read Quran with them. Give up this hypocrisy!
(471) Salvation lies in practicing Truth.
(471) AGGS, M 1, p. 471.
(471)
: (471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471)
(471) (471)
(471) (471)
(471)
(471) (471)
(471) (472)
(471) (472)
(472)
: (471) (472)
(472)
(471)
(472)
(471)
(472)
(471)
(472)
(471)
(472)
(471)
(472)
You (Khatri official) are taxing the cow and
Brahman whom you worship; you are mistaken (472)
if you think that the cow-dung coating of your (472)
kitchen floor would absolve you of your sins. You
put on a ritual mark on your forehead, wear a (472)
dhoti (loincloth worn around the waist) and carry The man-eaters (Muslim rulers) perform
a rosary, but you eat the food of Muslims [you Namaaz (Muslim prayer). The ones who carve
are dependent on the Muslim ruler (malesh) to out the flesh for them wear the sacred thread
make a living]. You perform Hindu worship around their necks (Khatris). The Brahmans
blow the conch in the homes of Khatris to (472)

sanctify their doings. The Brahmans share the
ill-gotten bread of the Khatris. False is their (472)
(Khatris) capital and false is their trade. They (472)
make a living through falsehood (deception). The
sense of shame and morality is far from them. O (472)
Nanak, the Khatri are completely filled with : (472)
falsehood. They wear the ritual mark on their
foreheads and wear the ochre dhotis (sign of (472)
piety) but commit atrocities on the Hindu masses. (472)
They wear blue clothes to meet the approval of
Muslim rulers. They worship Puranas (name of a (472)
section of Hindu scriptures) but their livelihood (472)
depends on Muslim rulers whom they consider
malesh (polluted). They eat he-goat meat (472)
slaughtered in a Muslim fashion (halal) with the
(472)
chanting of Quranic verses but they do not allow
others to step into their kitchen. They sanctify (472)
their kitchens by plastering the floor with cow
(472)
dung, but do not allow others near it by drawing
a boundary around it. They, the liars themselves
sit in the kitchen while warning others not to (472)
enter. They cry out: Do not touch our food, lest
it be polluted. Their bodies are defiled with ill- (472)
gotten food. They clean their mouths by rinsing : (472)
with water while their minds are dirty with evil
thoughts. But Nanak says, Meditate on the True (472)
One, Who can be realized only through truthful (472)
living. AGGS, M 1, p. 471.
(472)
Nanak exposed the nexus between the Muslim (472)
rulers, Khatris, and Brahmans in a biting political
satire. It was the Muslim ruler, who was (472)
responsible for the persecution of Hindu masses, (472)
but it was the Khatri officials who executed the
orders of their master, and the Brahmans (priests) : (472)
that approved of the actions of the Khatris: (472)
(472)
(472)
(472)
(472)
(472)
(472)
(472)
: (472)
(472)
(472)
: (472)
(472) (473)
It is Hukam (cosmic Law), which causes birth (473)
and death or birth and death occur according to
Hukam (biology of death and birth). : (473)
AGGS, M 1, p. 472.
Physical death is the fate of all living beings as (473)

it is subject to Hukam (Cosmic Law) whereas (473)
moral death (moral degradation) is avoidable
and that is the point that is emphasized in the (473)
AGGS again and again. A gurmukh remains (473)
unaffected by moral death whereas a manmukh
experiences it all his/her life. We should be afraid (473)
of moral death and not of physical death, and we (473)
must strive to overcome moral death.
(473)
(473)
(472) From woman, man is born; within woman, man
is conceived; to woman he is engaged and
(472) married. Woman becomes his friend; through
(473) woman, the future generations come. When his
woman dies, he seeks another woman; to woman

he is bound. So why call her bad? From her,
(473) kings are born. From woman, woman is born;
(473) without woman, there would be no one at all. O
Nanak, only the True Lord is without a woman.
(473) That mouth which praises the Lord continually is
blessed and beautiful. O Nanak, those faces
shall be radiant in the Court of the True Lord. ||
(473) 2 ||Guru Granth Sahib page 473.
(473)
Women constitute one half of humanity but no
: (473) religion accords women the status that Guru
(473) Nanak demands for women:
(473)
(473) (473)
(473) (473)
(473)
(473) (473)
(473)
(473) (473)
(473) (474)
It is the wisdom not to denigrate anyone or (474)
debate with the ignorant. AGGS, M 1, p. 473.
(474)
: (473)
(474)
(473)
(474)
(473)
(474)
(473)
(474)
(473)

: (473)
(474)
(473)
(475)
(473)
(475)
(473)
(475)
(473)
(475)
(473)
(475)
(473)

(473) (475)
(473) : (475)
(473) (475)
(474) (475)
(474) (475)
(474) (475)
(474) (475)

(475)
(474)
(475)
(474)
(475)
(474)
(475)
(474)
(475)

(474)

(474)
(489) P
(474)
(489)
(489) (503)
(489) (503)
(503)
(489) (503)
(489) (503)
(489) (503)
(489) (503)
(489) (503)
(489)
(489) (503)
(503)
(489) (503)
(503)
(489)
(503)
(489)
(489) (503)
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(489) (503)
(489)
(503)
(489)
(489) (503)

(489) (503)
(489)
(503)
(489) (503)

(503) P (503)
(503)
(503) (503)

(503) (504)

(503) (504)
(504)
(503) (504)

(504) (504)

(504) (504)

(504)
(504)

(504) (504)

(504)
(504)

(504)
(504)

(504)
(504)

(504)
(504)
(504)

(504)
(504)
(504)
(504)
(504)
Respected one, I am neither of high nor low nor
medium caste; I serve God, Who is my Protector.
(504) AGGS, M 1, p. 504.
(504)
(504)
(504)
(504) (504)

(504) (505)
(505)
(505) (505)

(505) (505)

(505)
(505)
(505)
(505)
(505)

(505)
(505)
(505)
(505)
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(505) (505)

(505) (505)

(505) (505)

(505) (506)
(506)
(505) (506)

(505)
: (556) P
(505)
(556)

(556)
(505)
(505)
: (556)
(505)
(556)
(505)
(556)
(505)
(556)
(505)
(556)
(556) (557)
Hindus are utterly mistaken and going on the (557)
wrong path. They worship whatever Nard (a
prominent ancient Hindu sage) told them to (557)
worship. They are spiritually blind and dumb,
and are groping in the darkness. The ignorant
fools worship stones. How a stone that itself sinks (557)
in water help humans cross the ocean of worldly (557)
temptations (corrupting influences)?
AGGS, M 1, p. 556. (557)

(557)
(557) (557)
(557) (557)
(557) (557)
(557) (558)
(558)
(557)
(557) (558)
(558)
(557)
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(557)
(558)
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(557) (558)
(558)
(557) (558)
(557) (558)
(557) (558)
(558)
(557)
(557) (558)
(557)
(557) (565) P
(565) (566)
(565) (566)
(565) (566)
(565) (566)
(566) (566)
(566)
(566) (566)
(566) (566)
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(566) (566)
(566)
(566)
(566) (566)
(566) (567)
(566) (567)
(566) I am sacrifice to You, O the Everlasting One.
Your rule shall never end. Your rule is
(566)
changeless (invariant) and it shall never come to
(566) an end (Truth is eternal).
AGGS, M 1, p. 567.
(566)
(567)
(566)
(567)
(567)
(566)
(567)
(566)
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(567) (578)
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(579)
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(578) P

(578)
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(579) (580)
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(579) (580)
(579) (580)
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(580) (581)
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(581) (581)
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(581) (581)
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(581) (582)
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(595)
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(595)
(582)
O Nanak, one has as many chains around ones
neck as the number of vices/faults one has. If
(590) one possesses virtues then one can cut away the
chains. Virtues are like next of kin and true
(590) brothers who can set one free. AGGS, M 1, p.
595.
(590) (595)
: (594) (595)
(594) (595)
(594) (595)
: (594) (595)
Make your mind the farmer, your deeds the
(594)
farming, your modesty the water, your body the
(594) field, Naam (Gods excellences) the seed,
contentment/fortitude the field roller and
humility the fence. The bountiful crop of
universal love shall sprout and you will see
(595) yourself thriving. AGGS, M 1, p. 595.
(595)
To a farmer Guru Nanak explained the path to
(595) God realization in a farmers terminology.
(595) Similarly, to artisans like blacksmiths, carpenters,
goldsmiths, traders, boatmen etc., he explained his
(595) teachings in the terminology of their vocations and
(595) tools.
(595)
(596)
(595) (596)
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(595) (596)
(595) (596)
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(595)
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: (596)
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(596) (596)
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(596) (596)
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(597) (597)
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(597) (597)
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(597) (597)
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(597) (598)

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(598) (598)
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(598) (599)

(598) (599)

(598) (599)
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(598) (599)
(598)

(598) (599)
Nanak met the Guru, Who is infinite,
omnipresent and almighty. AGGS, M 1, p. 599.
(598)
(599)
(599) (634)
(599) (634)
(599) (634)
(599) (634)
(599) (634)
(599) (634)
(599) (634)
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(599)
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(599)
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(634) (635)
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(634) (635)
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(635) (635)
(635)
(635)
(635) (635)
(635) (635)
O brother pundit, false hopes and desires are (635)
entanglements as are ritualistic deeds and
obligations (krm Drm). Though alive to the
ritualistic vices and virtues (pwp, puMn), people are (635)
dying spiritual death by forgetting God/Truth. (635)
AGGS, M 1, p. 635.
(635)
Guru Nanak points out that ritualistic deeds
(karam kaand, krm kWf) and vices and virtues (636)
(pwp, puMn) are also the invention of the authors of (636)
Hindu texts:
(636)

(636)
(635)
(635)
(636)

(635) (636)
(635) (636)
(635) (636)
(635) (636)

(635)
(636)

(635) (636)

(636) (636)

(636) (636)
(636) (637)

(636) (637)
(636) (637)
(636)
(636) (637)
(637)
(636)
(636) (637)
(636) (637)

(636) (637)
(636)
(636) (637)

(636) (637)
O brother, you worship gods and goddesses.

What can you ask of them and what can they
(636) give to you? O brother, the stones/idols sink in
(636) water with which you wash them. How could
these stones help you cross the ocean of worldly

(636) temptations? AGGS, M 1, p. 637.
(636)

(636) (637)

(637)
(636)
(637)

(636) (637)
(636) (637)
(636) (637)
(637) (660)
(660)
(637) (660)
(660)
: (642)
(642) (660)
(642) There is Only One, Who is omnipresent and
eternal; there is no second. AGGS, M 1, p. 660.
(642)
(642)
(660)
(642)
(660)
(642)
(660)
(642)

(660)
: (648)
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(648)
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: (653)
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(660)
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(661)
(661) (661)
Do not live a life of isolation; interact with
others. Keep learning from others and teaching (661)
others as long as there is a breath of life, says (661)
Nanak. AGGS, M 1, p. 661.
(661)

(661)
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(662) A qazi (Muslim magistrate) tells lies and takes
bribes (instead of being the guardian of justice).
(662) The Brahman priest takes life (exploits ignorant
(662) parishioners and practices caste system), but
bathes ceremoniously. The blind yogi has lost his
(662) way in search of tranquility without knowing
(662) the Truth. The three are spiritually barren.
AGGS, M 1, p. 662.
(662)
Keeping his critical posture, Guru Nanak was
equally critical of the religious establishment for
(662) misleading and exploiting the masses instead of
(662) enlightening them. Furthermore, he lashed out at
these holies for refusing to speak out on behalf of
One gets what one does. What one sows, so shall the poor masses against their very exploitation and
one reap. AGGS, M 1, p. 662. persecution carried out by the government and the
power elements:
(662) (663)
(662)
(662) (663)
(662) Contemplation on God is the most sublime act in

(662) the world. However, people neither know yoga
(way to realize God), nor understand Truth. The
(662) places of worship in the world are defiled and the
A yogi is the one who recognizes the right way world is drowning in evil. They (yogis) close their
(Truth) and understands the One/God through eyes and hold their nostrils to deceive the world.
enlightenment. A qaji (Muslim judge) is the one Pause. The yogi holds his nostrils with a thumb
who remains unaffected by the corrupting and two fingers and claims to have the vision of
worldly temptations and carries out justice in the three worlds, but he cant see what is behind his
light of Truth. A Brahman is the one who back. What a strange lotus pose this is! The
contemplates on the excellences of God. Such a Khatris have abdicated their duties. Instead they
Brahman enlightens himself and all his kin. have adopted the language and manners of their
AGGS, M 1, p. 662. masters (Muslim rulers), whom they consider as
malesh (defiled/polluted). As a matter of fact the
whole Hindu society has degenerated, abdicating
moral obligations. The Brahman is busy talking
(662) about the rule of eight to study and analyze the
Puranas and Vedas. But Nanak submits humbly
(662) that without contemplation on God/Truth, there
(662) is no liberation. AGGS, M 1, p. 662.
(662) Nanak exposed the religious fraud of yogis and

Brahmans and the hypocrisy of Khatris (sub-caste
grouping of the second major order) and
denounced them for abdicating their responsibility
(662) to protect the country and the people against
foreign invaders:
(662)
(662) (663)
(662) (663)

(662) (663)
(662)
(663) (663)
(663)
(663) (663)
(663)
The sky is the salver, the sun and the moon are
the lamps, and the stars in the constellations are
(663)
the pearls. The wind carrying sandalwood
fragrance from the mountains is the incense, air
is the fan, and all the vegetation is the offering of (663)
flowers to the Luminous One. What a wonderful
and beautiful worship is this! O the
Emancipator, this is your worship. The unending (685)
Cosmic music is the sound of temple drums.
AGGS, M 1, p. 663. (685)
(685)
Guru Nanak expresses his thoughts with passion in
homage to the Eternal one with sublime imagery (685)
of beauty and wonder of nature. The futility of (685)
adoration of an idol with lights, incense and
flowers in Hindu temples inspired him to describe (685)
the harmonious worship of the Creator inherent in (685)
nature.
(685)
(685)
(663) (685)
(685)
(663) (685)
You have thousands of eyes, and yet You are
(685)
without eyes. You have thousands of faces, and
yet You are without a face. You have thousands (685)
of feet, and yet You are without feet. You have
(685)
thousands noses, and yet you are without a nose.
AGGS, M 1, p. 663. (685)
(685)
(663) (685)
(663) (685)
Within all there is Joti (Light/God-
(685)
consciousness) but it is the same Light. You are
that Light that illuminates all. (685)
AGGS, M 1, p. 663.
(685)
(685)
(685)
(663)
(685)
(663)
(685)
(686) (686)
(686) (686)
(686) (686)
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(686)
(686) (687)
(686) (687)
(686) (687)
(686) (687)
(686)
(686) (687)
Why take a ceremonial bath at a tirath as the real
(686) tirath is contemplation on Naam (God/Truth).
(686) Tirath is deliberation on the Sabad (Knowledge)
to realize God. The understanding of God/Truth
(686) is the true tirath and every day is as auspicious as
(686) the so-called ten holy days (last day of the dark
lunar fortnight, the night of full moon, luminous
(686) Sunday, sun eclipse, moon eclipse, two eighth
(686) day of the lunar half month and two fourteenth
lunar day) and the birthday of Ganges that is
(686) supposed to destroy ten sins (superstition).
AGGS, M 1, p. 687. (688)

(688)
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(688)
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(688)
One comes into this world according to Hukam,
yet one does not understand that
(688) improvement/progress comes through Hukam.
AGGS, M 1, p. 688.
(688)
(688) (688)
(688)
(688)
(688)
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(688) (688)
(688) (688)
(688) (689)

(689) (689)
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(689) (721)
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(689)
(721) (722)
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(722)

(721)
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(721) (722)
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(722) (722)
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(722) (722)

(722)
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(722)
(722)
(722) women read the Quran and call upon God for
mercy. Hindu women of low and high caste are
in the same situation. Nanak, in this marriage of
(722) carnage, songs of death are sung (weeping and
wailing) and blood is sprinkled in place of
saffron. In this city of corpses, Nanak
(722) contemplates on the Master and gives this true
account. The Creator (Hukam) who created the
(722) world with its corrupting influences controls it
alone while being detached from it. True is the
Master, true is Its justice and true is Its
(722) judgment. There would be such a terrible
massacre of people that Hindustan (India) will
not forget. The Mughals have come in 1521 C.E.
(722) and in due course of time (twenty years) would be
dislodged in 1541 C.E. when another warrior will
(722) rise to challenge them. Nanak speaks the Truth
and shall continue to speak the Truth, as the
purpose of human life is the understanding of
(723) Truth and truthful living. AGGS, M 1, p. 722.

(723) Guru Nanak denounced forcefully Baburs
invasion and the atrocities committed by his army
(723) on the civilian population:

(723)
(724)
(723) (724)
(724)
(723)
(725)

(723)
(725)
O Lalo, the way I understand the Master, so do I
speak. With a marriage of the party of sin (725)
(vicious army) from Kabul, Babur has invaded (725)
and wants to marry the bride by force (want to
rule over our country by force). The sense of (725)
modesty/shame and righteousness has (725)
disappeared and falsehood is the governing
force. Instead of Brahmans and qazis the devil is (725)
performing the marriage ceremony (Instead of
(725)
righteousness, falsehood prevails). In this
miserable and agonizing situation Muslim
(725) (728)
(725)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(728)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(725) (728)
(728)

(728)
(729)
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(729)
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(729)

(729)
(728)
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(728) (729)
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(728) (729)
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(728)
(729)

(729)
(728)
(729)
(729) (730)
(730)
(729) (730)
(729) (730)
(729) (730)
(730)
(729)
(729) (730)
(729) (730)
(729) One must not think that the benefit of deeds done
here will be rewarded in the next life. It is here in
(729)
this life that one reaps what one sows.
(729) AGGS, M 1, pp. 729-730.
(729)
Here Guru Nanak emphasizes that a healthy mind
(729) is a must for the realization of God:

(729)
(730)
(729) (730)
(729) (730)
(729) (730)
(729)
(729) (730)
(729) (730)
(729) (730)

(729)
(730)
(729)
(730)
(729)
(730)
(729)
(730)
(729)
(730)
(729)
(730)
walking stick or smearing ashes on the body or

wearing ear rings or shaving the head or blowing
(730)
the horn. Remaining unblemished by the
corrupting influence of worldly temptations is the
way to realize God. Mere talk does not bring
(730)
about union with God. The one who regards all
(730) as equal is a real yogi! Pause. God is not realized
by staying in graveyards/cremation grounds or
(730)
paying homage to tombs or sitting in a
(730) meditating posture or wandering in foreign lands
or taking a bath at sacred places/shrines
Remaining unblemished by the corrupting
(730) influence of worldly temptations is the way to
realize God. O yogi, realization of God/Truth
Jog (yoga, union with God) is not wearing a dispels doubts and worries. This way the
quilted robe or carrying a wooden club in hand wandering mind is restrained. The mind becomes
or smearing the body with ashes or wearing clean like a mountain spring when it is focused
earrings or shaving the head or blowing a horn. on God or consciousness becomes Gods abode.
Jog is remaining unaffected by the corrupting Remaining unblemished by the corrupting
influence of the world by contemplation on God. influence of the worldly temptations is the way to
AGGS, M 1, p. 730. realize God. O yogi, conquer your haumai (self-
centeredness) and be humble, practice this type
of yoga. You will attain the state of fearlessness
(730) when your horn blows without blowing (when
truthful living becomes your way of life).
(730) Remaining unblemished by the corrupting
influence of the worldly temptations is the way to
(730) realize God. AGGS, M 1, p. 730.
(730)
In his composition, Sidh Gost and other hymns
Guru Nanak rejected the ideology and practices of
(730) the siddhas/yogis. His attitude was the same for
other ascetic orders. He rejected and denounced
(730) celibacy and the ascetic way of life in no uncertain
(730) terms. For Guru Nanak the householder life is the
only proper way to realize God/Truth, as it is the

householder, who sustains society.
(730)
(730)
(730)
(730)

(730)
(730)

Union with God (realization of Truth) is not
achieved by wearing a quilted robe or carrying a (730)
(731) (750)

(731) (751)
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(766)
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(767)
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(767)
(766) (767)
(766) (767)
I (Nanak) do not believe in magical formulae, (767)
magical hymns (including diagrams of mystical
characters - yantra-mantra) and religious (767)
hypocrisies, because my mind is imbibed with the (767)
God. The collyrium is the teachings of the Guru,
that made (me) capable to understand the (767)
Almighty through the teachings of the (767)
Guru.AGGS, M 1, p 766.
(767)
(766) (767)
(767) (789)
(767) (789)
: (786) : (789)
(786) (789)
(786) (789)
(786) (789)
(789)
: (788) With falsehood in their minds and the actions of
thieves, people go to tiraths (sacred places) to
(788) wash-off their sins. By doing so they may clean
themselves externally but become twice as filthy
(788)
internally. Washing a kaura tuma (bitter
(788) pumpkin) from the outside does not remove its
internal poison/bitterness. A sadh (God-centered
(788)
being/moral enlightened-being) remains virtuous
(788) without bathing at tiraths whereas a thief
remains a thief no matter how much he bathes.
AGGS, M 1, p. 789.
(788)
: (789)
(788)
(789)
(788)
(789)
(788)
(789)
: (789)
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(789)

(789)
(789)
(789)
(789)
: (789)
(789)
: (789)
(789)
(789)
(789)
: (789)
(789)
(789) : (790)
(790)
: (790) (790)
(790)
(790) : (790)
(790) (790)
(790) (790)
(790) One, who has not known the love or the embrace
of the Beloved, is like a guest visiting an empty
(790) house, who departs disappointed for coming.
AGGS, M 1, p. 790.
: (790)
: (790)
(790)
(790)
(790)
(790)
(790) (790)
(790)
: : (791)
(790) (791)
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(790) (791)
(790) (791)
(790) (791)
(791)
: (790) (791)
(790) (791)
(790)
: (791)
: (790) (791)
(790) (791)
(790) (791)
: (791) (795)
(791) (795)
(791) (795)

: (791) (795)
(791) (795)

(791) (795)
(795)

(795) (795)
(795)
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(796)
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(796)
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(795) (796)
(795) (796)

(796)
(795)
(796)
(795)
(796)
(795) Those who believe in the Fatherhood of One/God
are not outcastes and they are not afraid of
(795) anyone. AGGS, M 1, p. 796.
(795)
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(843) (844)
(843)
(843) : (854)
(843) (854)
(854)
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: (854)
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(844)
(844) (876)

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(876)
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(877) (878)
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(878)
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(878) (878)
(878) (878)
(878)
(878) (878)
There are thousands and thousands of Khatris,
(878) Brahmans, Sudras and Vaisyas. Anyone of them,
who lights the lamp of God-consciousness,

obtains emancipation from the corrupting
(878) influence of worldly temptations. AGGS, M 1, p.
878. (879)

(878) (879)
(878) (879)
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(879) (879)
(879) (879)

(879)
(879)

(879)
(879)
(879)

(879) (902)
(879) (903)
(879)
(903)
(879) (903)
(879)
(879) (903)

(879)
(903)
(879)

(879)
(903)
(879)
(903)
(879)
(903)
(879)
(903)
(879)
(903)
(879)
(903)
(879)
(879) (903)
(902) (903)
(902) (903)
(902) (903)
(903)
(902)
(903)
(902)
(903)

(903)
(902)
(903)
(902)
(903)
(902)
(903)
(902)
(903)
(902)
(903)
(902)
(903) (903)
(903) (903)
(903) (903)
(903)
(903)
A Yogi calls himself jati (celibate) but has no (903)
control over his sexual drive.
(904)
AGGS, M 1, p. 903.
(904)
(903) (904)
(903) (904)
(903) (904)
(903) (904)
(903) (904)
(903) (904)
(903) (904)
(903) (904)
(903)
(903) (904)
(904)
(903)
He, who remembers God constantly, becomes a
(903) jiwan mukta through inner enlightenment.
(903) AGGS, M 1, p. 904.
(903)
(903)
(903)
(904)
(903)
(904)
(903)
(904)
(903)
(904)
(904)
(903)
(904)
(903)
(904) (904)
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(904)
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(904) (905)
(904) (905)
(904) (905)
(905)
(904) (905)
Deliberation and discussion on Gurus teaching (905)
is the utmost objective for a Sikh (learner of
Truth). AGGS, M 1, p. 904. (905)
(905)
(904)
(905)
(904)
(905)
(904)
(905)
(904)
(905)
(905) (905)

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(905) (905)
(905) (905)
(905) (906)
(905) (906)
(905)
(905) (906)
(905) In spite of all efforts the yogi/ascetic cannot
control his sexual urge. AGGS, M 1, p. 906.
(905)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(905)
(906)
(906)
(906) (906)

(906)
(906)
(906)

(906)
(906)
(906)
(906)
(906)
(906)
(906) (906)

(906) (907)

(906) (907)

(906) (907)

(906) (907)

(906) (907)

(906) (907)

(906)
(907)

(906)
(907)

(907)
(906)

(907)
(906)

(907)
(906)

(907) (907)

(907) (907)

(907)
(907)
Satguru made me see (understand) that One is in (907)
all and all are in One. AGGS, M 1, p. 907.
(907)

(908)
(907)
(908)
(907)
(907) (908)
(908)
(907) (908)

(907) (908)
(908)
(907)
(908)
(907)
(907) (908)
(907) (908)

(907) (908)

(907) (908)

(907) (908)

(907) (908)

(929) (930)
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(929) (930)
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(929) (930)

(929)
(930)
(930)
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(930)
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(930)
(930)
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(930)
(930)
(930)

(930) (930)
(930) (930)
(930) (930)
(930) (930)
(930) (930)
(930) (930)
(930) (930)
(930) (930)
(930)
(930) (930)
(930)
(930) (930)

(930)
(930)
(930)
(930)
(931)
(930)
(931)
(930)
(931)
(930)
(931)
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(932) (932)
(932) (932)
(932)
(932) (932)
(932) (932)
The Creator (Hukam) has endowed human (932)
beings with free will to act. One earns what one
does (one is responsible for the consequences of (932)
ones actions).
(932)
AGGS, M 1, p. 932.
(932)
(932) (932)
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(934)
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(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(936)
(935) (936)
Only rare persons, who are Guru-oriented, (936)
contemplate the Bani (Word). AGGS, M 1, p 935.
(936)
Guru Nanak observed that is why people did not (936)
understand Gurbani in its real perspective because
falsehood had become truth in their minds under (936)
the faith system. (936)
(935) (936)
(936)
(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(936)
(935) (936)
(935) (936)

(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(936)
(935) (936)
People die longing for wealth but it doesnt go
with them. AGGS, M 1, p. 935. (936)
(936)
(935) (936)
(935) (936)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936)
(937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
God is the embodiment of sublime beauty. There (937)
is no other king, except God.
(937)
AGGS, M 1, p. 936.
(937)
(937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(936) (937)
(937)
(937) (937)
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(937)
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(937) (937)
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(937) (937)
(937)
(937) (938)
(938)
(937) (938)

(938)
(937)
(938)
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(939)
(938)
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(939)
(938) (939)
(938) (939)
(938) (939)

(939)
(938) (939)

(938) (939)
(938) (939)
(938) (939)

(938)
(939) (939)
(939) (939)
(939)
(939) (939)
(939)
(939) (939)
(939) (939)
(939) We the gurmukhs (God-centered beings, moral
enlightened-beings) are the merchants of Truth.
(939)
O Nanak, this way the gurmukh crosses the
(939) ocean of corrupting influences of worldly
temptations. AGGS, M 1, p. 939.
(939)
(939)
(939)
(939)
(939)
(939)
(940)
(939)
(940)
(939)
(940)
(939)
(940)
(939)
(940)
(939)
(940)
(939)
(940)
(939)
(940)
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(940)
(939)

(939)
(940)
(939)
(939) (940)
(939)
(939) (940)
(939) (940)

(940)
(940)
(940) (940)
(940)
(940) (941)
(940) (941)
(940)
(940) (941)
(940) (941)
(941)
(940) (941)
(941)
(940) (941)
A manmukh (self-centered being) is deluded
(940) under the corrupting influence of worldly
temptations. He/she peeps into another's home
(940) with a covetous eye and degrades himself/herself
more and more. A manmukh is lost in the jungle
(940) of doubts/superstations. The wrong path deceives
him/her as he/she chants the mantras of spiritual
death. Instead of reflecting on the Sabad/Truth,
(940) he/she shouts obscenities. O Nanak, it is the love
of God/Truth that brings peace and happiness.
AGGS, M 1, p. 941.
(940)

(940)
(941)
(940)
(941)
(940)
(941)

(941)
(940)
(941)

(940) (941)
(940) (941)
(941)
(940) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
(941)
(941) (941)
(941) (941)
The True One has fashioned the earth for the (941)
sake of gurmukhs (God-centered beings). And
therein It set in motion the game of creation and (942)
destruction. AGGS, M 1, p. 941.
(942)
(942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) (942)
(941) A gurmukh reflects on Gods attributes, practices
charity and keeps clean physically and mentally.
A gurmukhs mind is focused on God/Truth (942)

constantly. A gurmukh is honored in the realm of
Truth. A gurmukh is exalted and fearless. A (942)
gurmukh does good deeds and inspires others to (942)
do so. A gurmukh unites others with God, says
Nanak. AGGS, M 1, p. 942. (942)
(942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
(942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
A gurmukh is free from enmity and hostility. A (942)
gurmukh gets rid of ill will completely.
AGGS, M 1, p. 942. (942)
(942)
(942)
(942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
(942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
(942) (942)
(942) (943)
(942) (943)
(942) The yogis asked Nanak, Who is your Guru or
whose disciple are you? Sabad (Knowledge,
(942) Truth) is the Guru and my mind, which is
(942) focused on the Sabad and comprehends it, is the
disciple, replied Nanak.
(942) AGGS, M 1, pp. 942-943.
(943) (943)
(943) (943)
(943) (943)
(943) (943)
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(943)
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(943) (943)
(943) (944)
(943) (944)
(943) (944)
(943) (944)
(944) (944)
(944) (944)
(944) (944)
(944) (944)
(944) (944)
(944)
(944) (944)
(944)
(944)
(944)
(944) (944)
(944) (944)
(944) (944)
(944) (944)
(944)
(944)
(944)
O yogi, it is truthful living that is equipoise (suMn),
(944) not the control of air flow (breath) in the ten-
(944) finger long windpipe (trachea). A gurmukh
(God-Centered being/moral enlightened being)
(944) speaks the truth, churns the essence of reality,
(944) overcomes the corrupting influence of worldly
temptations, gets rid of egotistical pride and
(944) understands the unseen and infinite One. When
(944) one realizes that One (God) is within and outside
(everywhere) then one falls in love with God. But
(944) the yogi claims to understand the invisible One
Who is manifest as the Cosmos, through
(944) Sukhmana [Susumna], Ida and Pingala [names
of three major nadis (tube-like structures) whose
(944) cleansing plays major importance in yoga
(944) doctrine to achieve the so called tranquility/still
mind/breathless state. Nanak, the true and
(944) eternal One is beyond the reach of the three
(Sukhmana, Ida and Pingala), It is realized by
contemplating on Sabad (Truth).
(944) AGGS, M 1, p. 944.
(944)

(944) (945)
(944)
(945)
(945)
(945) (945)
(945)
(945) (945)

(945) (945)
(945) (945)
(945)
(945) (945)
(945) (945)
(945) (945)
(945) (945)
(945) (945)
(945) (945)

(945)
(945)
(945)

(945)
(945)
(945)
(945) (945)
(945) (946)
(946)
(945)

(945)
(946)

(945)
(946)
O respected one, how is life created and how
(945) could its suffering be eliminated? Respected one,
it is haumai which is innate to life that causes
alienation from God the cause of suffering.
AGGS, M 1, p. 946. (946)

(946)
(946)
(946)
(946)
(946)
(946)
(946)

(946)
(946)
(946)
(946)
(946)
(946) (946)
(946)
(946) : (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(946) (951)
(951) (952)
(951) (952)
: (951) : (952)
(951)
(951) (952)

(951)
(952)
(951)

(951)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952) (952)
(952)
(952) (952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
: (952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
The one who realizes God/Truth right here is (952)
recognized as the wise one (religious). Mere (952)
claim to be a Hindu or Muslim is worthless.
AGGS, M 1, p. 951. (952)
(952)
Guru Nanak points out the absurdity of conflicts
over religion when the Creator of all is One and
Only, the Hukam (Cosmic Law). : (952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952)
(952) (953)
(952) (953)
(952) (953)
(952) (953)
(953)
: (952) (953)
(952) (953)
(952) (953)
(952)
(952) (953)
(952) (953)
(952) Why should he beg who claims to dwell on God?
AGGS, M 1, p. 953.
: (952)
: (953)
(952)
(953)
(952)
(953)
(952)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
: (953)
: (953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(953)
(954)
: (953)
(954)
(954) (955)
(954)
(954) : (955)
Even Lord Rama bewailed during his exile when (955)
he was separated from Sita (his wife) and
Lachman (his brother). Even the Pandvas who (955)
lived in the company of their Master [Lord Make love the farm, good conduct/purity the
Krishna] were forced to do hard labor in water, truth and contentment the oxen, humility
destitution. AGGS, M 1, p. 953. the plough, consciousness the ploughman,
remembrance the preparation of soil, and union
Guru Nanak was shocked at the Hindus moral with God the planting time. AGGS, M 1, p. 955.
bankruptcy as they were lost in the rigmarole of
the caste system, superstition, rituals and idol Guru Nanak intertwines environment with ethics
worship. He pointed out the futility of the worship and work.
of gods and goddesses and the reading of
scriptures that promoted such beliefs. He asserted
forcefully that their gods were mere mortals, (955)
nothing more. (955)
(954)
(954) : (955)
(954) (955)
(954) (955)
(954) (955)
(954) (955)
(954)
(954) : (955)
(954) (955)
(954) (955)
(954) (955)
(954) (955)
(955)
: (955) (955)
(955) (956)
(955) (956)
(955)
: (956) (956)
(956) (956)
(956) (956)
(956) (956)
(956)
(956) (989)
(956)
(956) (989)
(956) (989)
O sheikh let truthful living be your knife forged (989)
from the steel of Truth. The craftsmanship of
(989)
such knife is incomparably beautiful. Sharpen it
on the whetstone of Truth and keep it in the (989)
sheath made of virtue. Kill (subdue) your haumai
(989)
(self-centeredness) with this knife and witness
avarice bleeding out. Such a sacrifice will be (989)
accepted by God as Halal and you will become
(989)
one with God. AGGS, M 1, p. 956.
(989)

: (956)
(989)
(956)
(989)
(956)
(989)
(989)
: (956)
(989)
(956)
(989)
(956)
(989)
(956)
(956)
(956)
(989)

(956) (989)
(989)
Mother and father create a child through sexual
: (956)
union according to the Hukam (Cosmic Law),
biology of the reproduction of life. AGGS, M 1, p.
989. (990)
(990)
(989)
(989) (990)
(989)
(989) (990)
(989)
(989) (990)
(989) (990)
(989) (990)
(989)
(990)
(989)
(990)
(989)
(990)
(989)
(990)

(989)

(990)
(990)
(990)
(990)
(990)

(990)
(990)
(990) (990)

(990) (990)
(990)
(990) (990)
(990) (990)
(990)
(990)
(990)
(990) (990)

(990)
(990) Some say that Nanak is an evil spirit; others say

that he has gone astray, and still others say that
(990) he is a helpless poor man. But I, foolish Nanak,
(990) am madly in love with my Lover/God. I know of
none other than God. AGGS, M 1, p. 991.
(990)
(990) In the concluding part of his life (about 15 years),
Guru Nanak founded the town of Kartarpur (abode
(990) of the Almighty) on the banks of river Ravi
(990) opposite the town of Dehra Baba Nanak and
settled down there as a farmer. Since he viewed
(990) the caste system as the greatest obstacle in the way
(990) of developing an egalitarian society, he established
a community of Sikhs outside the boundary of the
caste society. To break off the caste barriers
between high, low and the untouchables, and the
(991)
stigma of fraternizing with the Muslims, he started
(991) the institution of sangat (congregation), pangat
(commonality, eating together sitting in a row) and
seva (voluntary service to society). Sangat was
(991) made up of people without regard to religion, caste
(991) and gender. Food provided by volunteers and
cooked by volunteers in the Langar (community
(991) kitchen) was served to the sangat sitting in a row
(991) without any sense of discrimination. The
food/meal served from langar was regarded as

Guru ka langar meaning food from Gurus
(991) kitchen). Not only that, he also advised his
(991) followers to bow by addressing each other as bhai
(brother) and mai (mother, elder sister) while
(991) greeting. These were daring and effective attacks
(991) on the pillars which held the superstructure of the
caste system. These practices drew sharp and
relentless condemnation from the proponents of
(991) the caste ideology (Brahmans and Khatris) who
called Guru Nanak a karahiya (gone astray).
(991)
(991)
(991)
(991)
(991)
(991)
(991)

(991) (991)
(991)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(991) (992)
(992)
(991) (992)
(992)
(991) (992)
(992)
(991) (992)
(991)
(991) (992)

(992)
(991)

(992)
(991)
(992)

(992)
(992)

(992)
(992)
(992)
(992)
(992) (993)

(992) (993)
(992) (993)
(993)
(992)
(993)
(992)
(1008)
(993) (1008)
(993) (1008)
(993) (1008)
(993) (1008)

(1008)
(993)

(993) (1008)
(993) (1009)

(1009)
(993)

(993) (1009)
(993) (1009)

(1009)
(993)
(1009)
(993)
(1009)
(993)
(1009)

(993)
(1009)
(993)
(1009)
(993)
(1009)

(1009)
(993)
(1009)
(993)
(1009) (1009)
(1009)
(1009) (1009)
One, who dwells on God, does not suffer moral
(1009) decline. One who conquers haumai is a jiwan
(1009) mukta. AGGS, M 1, p. 1009.
(1009)
(1009) (1010)
(1009) (1010)
(1010)
(1009)
(1010)
(1009) (1010)

(1009)
(1010)
(1009)
(1009)
(1010)
(1009)
(1010)
(1009)
(1010)
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(1010)
(1009)
(1010)
(1009)

(1009) (1010)
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(1009) (1010)
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(1010)
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(1010)
(1010) (1011)
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(1012)
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(1012) (1012)
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(1012) (1012)
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(1012) (1012)
(1012) (1012)
(1012) (1012)
(1012) (1012)
(1012) (1012)
(1012) (1013)
(1012)
(1012) (1013)
(1012) (1013)

(1012)
(1013)
(1012)
(1013)
(1012)
(1013)
(1012)
(1013) (1013)

(1013) (1013)
(1013)
(1013)
(1013) (1013)
(1013)
(1013)
(1013)
(1013) (1013)

(1013) (1013)

(1013)
(1013)

(1013)
(1014)
(1013)

(1014)
(1013)

(1013)
(1014)

(1014)
(1013)

(1013)
(1014)
(1013)
(1013) (1014)
(1013)
(1013) (1014)
(1013)
(1014)
(1013)
(1014)
(1013)
(1014)

(1014) (1015)
(1015)
(1014) (1015)

(1015)
(1014)
(1015)
(1014)
(1015)

(1014)
(1015)

(1014)
(1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1015)
(1014) (1015)

(1014) (1015)
(1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1015)
(1014)
(1015)
(1014)
(1015)
(1014)
(1015)
(1014)
(1014) (1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1014) (1015)
(1015) (1015)

(1015) (1020)
(1015) (1020)
(1020)
(1015) (1020)
(1015) (1020)

(1020)
(1015)

(1015) (1020)
(1015)

(1020)
(1015) God is both man and woman. AGGS, M 1, p.
1020.
(1015)
God is gender neutral, both man and woman and
(1015) Its creative aspect is portrayed as that of a mother:
(1015)
(1020)
(1015) (1020)
(1015) (1020)
(1016) (1020)
(1016)
(1016) (1020)
(1020)
(1016) (1020)

(1020) (1020)
(1020) (1020)
(1020) (1020)
(1020) (1021)
(1021)
(1020) (1021)
(1020)
(1020) (1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)

(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)

(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)

(1021) (1021)
(1021)
(1021) (1021)
Neither the Vedas [four Hindu texts] nor the four
(1021) Katebas [Semitic texts: the Torah, the Zabur
(Psalms), the Injil (Gospel) and the Quran] know
(1021) the Reality.
(1021) AGGS, M 1, p. 1021.

(1021) (1021)
(1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021)
(1021) (1021)

(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)
(1021) (1021)

(1021) (1022)
(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1022)
(1022)
(1022) The sword of knowledge destroys bad thoughts
and desires embedded in the mind.
(1022)
AGGS, M 1, p. 1022.
(1022) (1022)

(1022)
(1022) The infinite Hukam (Cosmic Law) fashions the
(1022) human body with beautiful features from the
father's semen and the mothers blood (eggs).
(1022) AGGS, M 1, p. 1022.

(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022) (1022)
(1022)
(1023)
(1022) (1023)
(1022) (1023)
(1022)
(1023)
(1022) (1023)
(1022) (1023)
(1022)
(1023) (1023)
(1023)
(1023) (1023)
(1023)
(1023) (1023)
(1023) (1023)
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(1023)
(1023) (1023)
(1023) (1023)
(1023) (1023)

(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)

(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)

(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1023)
(1024)
(1023)
(1023) (1024)
(1023) (1024)
(1023) (1024)
(1023)
(1024) (1024)
(1024)
(1024) (1024)

(1024) (1024)
(1024) (1024)
The kings perform religious duties for selfish (1024)
interests and practice charity for heavenly
rewards. AGGS, M 1, p. 1024.
(1024)
(1024)

(1024) (1024)
(1024) (1024)

(1024)
(1024)

(1024) (1024)
(1024) (1024)

(1024)
(1024)

(1024) (1024)
(1024) (1024)

(1024)
(1024)

(1024) (1024)
(1024) (1024)
(1024)
(1024) (1025)
(1024)
(1025)
(1024) (1025)
(1024) (1025)
(1024)
(1025)
(1024) (1025)
(1024) (1025)
(1024)
(1024) (1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025) (1025)

(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1025)
(1025)
(1025) (1026)
(1025) (1026)
(1025) (1026)

(1025) (1026)
(1025) (1026)
(1025) (1026)

(1025) (1026)
(1026) (1026)
(1026) (1026)

(1026) (1026)
(1026) (1026)
(1026) (1026)

(1026) (1026)
(1026)
(1026) (1026)
(1026)
(1026) (1026)
(1026) (1026)
(1026) (1026)

(1026)
(1026)

(1026) (1026)
(1026) (1026)

(1026)
(1026)

(1026) (1026)
(1026) (1026)

(1026) (1027)

(1026) (1027)
(1026) (1027)
(1026) (1027)

(1026) (1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027) (1027)

(1027) (1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027) (1027)

(1027) (1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027) (1027)

(1027) (1027)
(1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027)
(1027) (1027)
(1027)
(1027) (1028)
(1027) (1028)
(1027) (1028)

(1027) (1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)

(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)

(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)

(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)

(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028) (1028)

(1028) (1028)
(1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028)
(1028) (1028)
(1028)
(1029) (1029)

(1029) (1029)
(1029) (1029)
(1029) (1029)

(1029) (1029)
(1029) (1029)
(1029) (1029)
(1029)
(1029) (1029)
(1029) (1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029) (1029)
(1029) (1029)
A spiritually dead (devoid of truth) person suffers
much and dwells in the darkness of ignorance (1029)
and falsehood (nurk). AGGS, M 1, p. 1029.
(1029)
(1029)

(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029)

(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1029)

(1029)
(1029)
(1029)
(1030)
(1030) Thereafter, the human body appeared from these

5 Tatts (5 elements: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon,
Nitrogen and Phosphorus)):AGGS, M 1, p 1030.
(1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030)
(1030) (1030)
(1030)
(1031)
(1030)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031)
(1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031)
(1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031)
(1031)
(1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)

(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)

(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1031)

(1031) (1031)
(1031) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032)
(1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032)
(1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032)
(1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032)
(1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032)
(1032)
(1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032) (1032)
(1032)
(1032)
(1032) (1033)
(1032) (1033)
(1032)
(1033)
(1032) (1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033)
(1033) (1033)

(1033) (1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033) Creating earth, God made it the seat of
righteousness and set in motion the process of
creation and destruction. And yet God is
(1033) unattached and distinct. AGGS, M 1, p. 1033.
(1033)
(1033)
(1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033)
(1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033)
(1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033)
(1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033)
(1033)
(1033) (1033)
(1033) (1034)
(1034)
(1034)
(1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)

(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034)
(1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034)
(1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034)
(1034)
(1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034)
(1034) (1034)
(1034) (1035)
(1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
For endless eons there was darkness when the
Entity/God was in an inactive state (suMn smwiD).
(1035)
Neither was there Earth or sky nor day or night
(1035) nor moon or sun, nor the infinite Hukam in
(1035) operation. Then at some moment the Cosmos
came into being according to Bhana (Hukam)
without any visible support upholding the vast
(1035) expanse. AGGS, M 1, p. 1035.
(1035)
(1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035)
(1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035) (1035)
(1035) (1035)

(1035)
(1035)
(1035) (1036)
There was neither heaven nor Earth nor the
nether world. There was neither hell nor heaven
(1036)
nor time, the destroyer. There was neither hell or
heaven nor birth or death nor anyone (1036)
transmigrating. There was neither Brahma, nor
(1036)
Vishnu nor Shiva. There was no one else except
the One and only. There was no woman or
man, no caste or birth or anyone experiencing (1036)
pain or pleasure. There was no ritual
purification or self-restraint or rosary made of (1036)
basil seeds. There were no milkmaids or Krishna (1036)
or cows or cowherds. There was no
deceit/hypocrisy of Tantra and mantra or playing (1036)
of the flute. There was no karma (deeds) or (1036)
dharma (religious duties) or enchanting Maya
(corrupting influence of the world). There was (1036)
neither caste nor caste-based birth. AGGS, M 1,
p. 1035. (1036)
Guru Nanak rejected the caste system (1036)
categorically; so why would he accept the concept
(1036)
of Karma and reincarnation /transmigration that
was invented to justify the caste system?
Moreover, Guru Nanak rejected the concept of
soul as a separate entity from God. Nanakian
philosophy makes it clear that Soul is Hukam, (1036)
the invisible form of God that pervades the (1036)
Cosmos. Hukam is Eternal, so what is there that
incarnates? In his composition on the creation of (1036)
the Cosmos, Guru Nanak makes it clear that the
caste system, reincarnation, heaven and hell are (1036)
mans invention:
(1036)
(1036)
(1035)
(1035) (1036)
(1035)
(1036)
(1035) (1036)
(1036) (1036)

(1036) (1036)
(1036) (1036)
(1036) (1036)
The body-fort is built with nine gates (mouth, two
eyes, two ears, two nostrils, sexual organ and
(1037)
anal canal) and is maintained with water, air and
energy (food). However, the approach to the (1037)
infinite and invisible God is through the tenth
(1037)
gate, the brain. AGGS, M 1, p. 1036.

(1037)
(1037)

(1036) (1037)

(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)

(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037)
(1036)
(1037) (1037)

(1037) (1037)
(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)

(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)

(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)

(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)

(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)
(1037) (1038)

(1037)
(1038)
(1037)
(1037)
(1038)

According to Nanakian Philosophy first five
(1037) Tatts (elements Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon,
(1037) Nitrogen and Phosphorus) appeared from
(1037) (Singularity).

(1037) (1038)
(1037)

(1038) (1038)
(1038)
(1038) (1038)
(1038)
(1038) (1039)
(1038)
(1038) (1039)
(1039)
(1038) (1039)
(1038)
(1038) (1039)
(1039)
(1038) (1039)

(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)

(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)

(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)

(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)

(1038) (1039)
(1038) (1039)
(1039) (1039)

(1039) (1039)
(1039)
(1039) (1039)
(1039)
Only a gurmukh (God-centered being), who has (1039)
control over lust, anger, greed, attachment and
(1040)
egotistical pride, deserves to occupy the throne.
AGGS, M 1, p. 1039. (1040)

(1040)
(1040)
(1039) (1040)
(1039)
(1039) (1040)
(1040)
(1039) (1040)

(1039) (1040)
(1039) (1040)
(1039) (1040)

(1039) (1040)
(1039) (1040)
(1039) (1040)

(1039) (1040)
(1039) (1040)
(1039) (1040)

(1039) (1040)
(1039) (1040)
(1040) (1040)
(1040)
(1040) (1040)
(1040)
(1040) (1040)
(1041)
(1040) (1041)
(1040)
(1040) (1041)
(1041)
(1040) (1041)
(1040)
(1040) (1041)
(1041)
(1040) (1041)

(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)

(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)

(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)

(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)
(1040) (1041)

(1041) (1041)
(1041)
(1041) (1041)
(1041)
(1041) (1042)
(1041)
(1041) (1042)
(1042)
(1041) (1042)
(1041)
(1041) (1042)
(1042)
(1041) (1042)

(1041) (1042)
(1041) (1042)
(1041) (1042)
Control your lust and anger, and renounce
slandering others. Giving up greed and (1042)
possessiveness brings peace of mind.
AGGS, M 1, p. 1041. (1042)
Gurus condemned polygamy and approved only of (1042)
monogamy:

(1042)
(1041) (1042)
(1041) (1042)
(1041)
(1042)
(1041)
(1042)
(1041)
(1042)
(1041)

(1042)
(1041)
(1042)
(1041)
(1042) (1043)
(1043)
(1042) (1043)
(1042)
(1042) (1043)
(1043)
(1042) (1043)
(1042)
(1042) (1043)
(1043)
(1042) (1043)
(1042)
(1042) (1043)
(1043)
(1042) (1043)

(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)

(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)

(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)

(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)
(1042) (1043)

(1043) : (1088)
(1043) (1088)
(1043)
(1088)
(1043)
(1043) : (1088)
(1043) (1088)
(1088)
(1043)
(1043)
: (1089)
(1043)
(1089)

(1089)
(1043)
: (1090)
: (1086)
(1090)
(1086)
(1090)
(1086)
(1090)
(1087)
(1090)
(1087)
(1087)
: (1090)
(1090)
: (1087)
(1090)
(1087)
(1087)
: (1090)
(1087)
(1090)
(1087)

(1090)
: (1088)
(1088) : (1090)
(1088) (1090)
(1090) then who is eternal and whose consciousness

merges in whom?
AGGS, M 1, p. 1091.
: (1090)
(1090) : (1091)
(1090) (1091)
(1091)
: (1090) (1091)
(1091) (1091)
(1091) (1091)
: (1091) : (1092)
(1091) (1092)
(1091) (1093)
(1093)
: (1091) (1093)

(1091)
(1093)
(1091)
(1093)
(1091)

(1091)
(1093)
: (1091)
: (1093)
(1091)
(1093)
(1091)
(1093)
(1091)
(1107)
(1091)
It is heard and described that God is present in
heaven, earth and underworld (everywhere in the (1107)
Cosmos, the manifest form of God). It is also said (1107)
that Hukam (Cosmic Law, the unmanifest form
of God) is immutable and everything happens (1107)
according to Hukam. Then who dies and who
kills, and who comes and who goes? O Nanak,
(1107)
(1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1107)
(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)

(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1108)
(1107)
(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1108)
(1107)
(1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)

(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)

(1108)
(1107)

(1107) (1108)

(1107) (1108)
(1107) (1108)
(1108) (1108)

(1108)
(1108) (1109)

(1108) (1109)
(1108) (1109)

(1108)
(1109)
(1108)
(1109)

(1108) (1109)

(1108) (1109)
(1109)
(1108)
(1109)
(1108)
(1108) (1109)
(1108) (1109)
(1108) (1109)

(1109)
(1109)

(1109) (1109)
(1109)
(1109)
(1109) (1109)
(1109) (1109)
(1109) (1109)

(1109)
(1109)
(1109)
(1109)

(1109) (1109)

(1109)
(1109)
(1109)
(1109) (1110)
(1109)
(1110)
(1109) (1110)
(1110)
(1109)
(1110)

(1109)
(1110)

(1110)
(1110)

(1110)
(1110)
(1110)
(1110)
(1110)
(1110)
(1110) (1110)
(1110) (1110)
(1110) (1110)

(1110) (1110)
(1110)
(1110) (1110)
(1110) (1110)
(1110)
(1110)
(1110)
(1110)
(1110) (1110)
(1110) (1110)
(1110) (1111)
(1111)
(1110)
(1111)
(1110)
(1111) (1111)

(1111)
(1111) (1111)

(1111) (1111)

(1111)
(1111)
(1111)
(1111)

(1111) (1111)

(1111)
(1111)
(1111)

(1111)
(1111)
(1111)

(1111)
(1111)
(1111)
(1111)

(1111) (1111)
(1111) (1111)
(1111) (1112)
(1111)
(1112)
(1111) (1112)
(1112)
(1111)
(1111) (1112)
(1111)
(1112)
(1111) (1112)
(1111) (1112)

(1111) (1112)
(1112)
(1112)
(1112)
(1112)
(1112)
(1112)
(1112) (1112)
(1112) (1112)
(1112)
(1112)
(1112) (1113)
(1112)
(1112) (1113)
(1112) (1113)
(1112) (1113)
(1112) (1113)
(1112) (1113)

(1112)
(1113)

(1112) (1113)

(1112)
(1113)
(1112)

(1112)
(1113)
(1112)
(1112) (1113)
(1113)
(1112)
(1113)
(1112) (1113)
(1112)
(1112) (1113)

(1113) (1125)

(1113) (1125)
(1113)

(1113) (1125)
(1113) Guru is enlightener, invisible and mysterious
(incomprehensible in totality). One, who
understands the Guru (God), comprehends the
(1113) nature of the universe. AGGS, M 1, p. 1125.

(1113)
(1125)
(1125) (1125)

(1125) (1125)
(1125)
(1125)
(1125)

(1125)
(1125)
(1125)
(1125)
(1125)
(1125)

(1125) (1125)
(1125) (1125)
(1125) (1125)
(1125)
(1126)
(1125)
(1125) (1126)
(1125) (1126)
(1125) (1126)

(1126) (1126)
(1126)
(1126)
(1126)
(1126)

(1126)
(1126)
(1126)

(1126)
(1126)

(1126)
(1126)

(1126)
(1126)
(1126)
(1126)

(1126)
(1126)

(1126) (1126)

(1126) (1126)
(1126)
(1126)
(1126)
(1126) (1127)

(1126) (1127)

(1126) (1127)

(1126) (1127)
(1126)
(1127)
(1126) (1127)
(1127)
(1127)
(1127) (1127)

(1127) (1127)

(1127) (1127)

(1127) (1153)

(1153)
(1127)

(1153)
(1127) God is in Atma (Soul) and Atma is in God.
AGGS, M 1, p. 1153.
(1127)

(1127)
(1153)
(1127) (1153)
(1127)
(1153)
(1127) (1153)
(1127)
(1153)
(1127) (1153)

(1127) (1153)

(1127) (1153)

(1127) (1153)
Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva are afflicted with
(1127) self-centeredness (haumai) as the rest of the
world. Only those are liberated who realize God
by contemplating on Gurus teachings (Truth).

AGGS, M 1, p. 1153.
(1168)
(1168)

(1153)
(1168)

(1168)
(1153)
(1168)
(1153)
(1168)
(1168)
(1153)
What can the poor Vedas and Katebas teach (1168)
when their authors themselves did not
understand the One and Only. AGGS, M 1, p. (1168)
1153. (1168)
(1168)
(1168)
(1153) (1168)

(1168)
(1153)
(1168)

(1153) (1168)
(1168)
(1153) (1168)
(1168)
(1153) (1168)

(1168)
(1153)
(1168)
(1168)
(1168)
(1168)

(1168)
(1168)
(1168)
(1168)
(1168)
(1168)
(1168)
(1168) (1169)
(1168) (1169)
(1168) (1169)
(1168) (1169)
(1169) (1169)
(1169) (1169)
(1169) (1169)
(1169)
(1169) (1169)
(1169) (1169)
(1169) (1169)
(1169) (1169)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169) (1170)
(1169)
(1169) (1170)
(1170) to the Merciful One. Why are you wasting your

life irrigating alkaline (barren) land? Why are
(1170) you plastering a mud wall which surely will fall?
(1170) AGGS, M 1, p. 1170.
(1170)
(1170)

(1171)
(1170)
(1171)
(1170)
(1170)
(1171)
(1170)

(1170)
(1171)
(1170) O brother restrain your sexual drive and anger
(1170) and use them as creative instruments like a
farmer uses a hoe to remove the weeds from the
(1170) field. You would be happy by following this
(1170) course otherwise you would suffer the
consequences of your bad actions. AGGS, M 1, p.
(1170) 1171.
(1170)
(1170) (1171)
(1170)
(1171)
(1170)
(1170) (1171)
(1170) (1171)
(1171)
(1170) Gods bounty belongs to all but it is
maldistributed in the world due to haumai (self-
(1171) centeredness) and greed. Who is to blame? We
(1171) are ill equipped to distribute it properly.
AGGS, M 1, p. 1171.
O Brahman, why do you worship a salgram
(stone idol)? Make honest work your rosary of
Guru Nanak pointed out that Gods bounty is a
tulsi (an aromatic plant, Ocimum Sanctum
commonwealth for all to share, but there is
venerated by Hindus). Make contemplation on
maldistribution due to haumai (self-centeredness)
God the boat to take you across the ocean of the
and greed that afflict humankind.
corrupting influence of the world. Pray for mercy
(1171)
(1171)
(1171)
(1171) (1171)

(1171) (1171)

(1171)
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(1171)
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(1171)
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(1187)
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(1187)
(1171)
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(1189)
(1188) (1189)
(1188) (1189)
There is only one religion, which should be
adopted by everyone. This is the philosophy (of
the perfect Guru) for all the Ages. (1189)
AGGS, M 1, p 1188. (1189)
Critical study of bani of Guru Nanak will reveal (1189)
that he (Guru Nanak) applied Natural Theology (1189)
and Natural Philosophy to formulate his
philosophical religion: (1189)
(1189)
(1188)
(1189)
(1188)
(1189)
(1189)
(1188)
(1189)
(1188)
(1189)
There is one Throne and one Emperor, Whose
authority is unchallenged everywhere. (1189)
AGGS, M 1, p. 1188. (1189)
(1189)
(1189)
(1189) (1189)
(1189) (1189)
(1189) (1189)
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(1189) (1190)

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(1191)
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(1190)

(1190)
(1191)
(1190)
(1190)
(1197)
(1190)

(1190) (1197)
(1190) (1197)
(1190)
(1190) (1197)

(1190) (1197)
(1190)
(1197)
(1190) (1197)
(1190) (1197)
(1197)
(1190)

(1197) (1198)
(1197)
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(1197)
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(1197)
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(1197)
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(1197)
(1232)
(1197) (1232)
(1197) (1232)

(1197) (1232)

(1197) (1232)

(1197) (1232)
(1197)
(1232)
(1197)
(1232)
(1197) (1232)

(1197)
(1232)

(1197)
(1232)

(1198)
(1232)

(1198) (1232)

(1232)
(1233)
(1232)
(1233)
(1232)
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(1233)
(1232)
(1233)
(1232) (1233)

(1232) (1233)
(1232) (1237)
(1232) (1237)
(1237)
(1232) (1237)
(1232)
(1237)

(1237)
(1232)
(1237)

(1237)
(1232)
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(1232) (1237)
(1232) (1237)
(1237)
(1233)
(1233) (1237)
(1237)
(1233)
(1237)

(1237)
(1233)
(1237) (1239)
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(1237) (1239)
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(1240)
(1238) (1240)

(1240)
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(1240) (1241)
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(1240) (1241)
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(1240) (1241)
(1240) (1241)
(1240)
(1240) : (1241)
(1240) (1241)
(1241)
(1240) (1241)
(1240) (1241)
(1241) (1241)
(1241)
(1241) : (1241)
(1241) (1241)
(1241) (1241)
(1241) (1241)
(1241) (1241)
In his home the Brahman keeps the idol of God
along with the idols of gods and goddesses. He
: (1241)
washes them and worships them. He offers them
saffron, sandal and flowers. He prostrates at (1241)
their feet to appease them. But he begs for food
(1241)
and clothes from people. Blind deeds lead to
more ignorance. The idols cannot feed anyone (1241)
nor save anyone from death. And yet he
(1241)
continues to preach his falsehood to the
ignorant. AGGS, M 1, pp. 1240-41. (1241)

(1241) (1242)
(1241) (1242)
(1242)
: (1241) (1242)
(1241) (1242)
(1241)
(1242) (1242)
(1242) (1242)
(1242) (1242)
(1242) (1242)
(1242) (1243)
Driven by greed, people (custodians of
society/elite) behave like dogs that eat carcasses
: (1242) (unlawful earning has become their way of life).
(1242) They keep speaking lies because they do not
reflect on Truth. Those who live without honor
(1242) are remembered as such after death. O Nanak,
(1242) whatever happens is sanctioned by Hukam
(Cosmic Law).
(1242) AGGS, M 1, p. 1242.
: (1242) (1243)
(1242) (1243)
(1242) (1243)
(1242) (1243)
(1242) (1243)
Women have lost their vitality and become
(1242)
submissive whereas men have become brutal and
oppressive. Politeness, soberness/self-control and
sincerity have vanished, and dishonest living has
(1242) become the way of life of the elite. The sense of
(1242) shame and honor has disappeared from the
society. O Nanak, there is only one true God,
(1242) dont search for another one. AGGS, M 1, p.
(1242) 1243.
(1242) Five hundred years after Guru Nanaks
observation of decay in the 15th century Indian (1243)

society the social decay has not only not
disappeared but has flourished all over the world, (1243)
including in the most powerful and wealthy (1243)
nations of today. Muslims are killing Muslims;
Muslim countries are pushing out boats full of (1243)
destitute and stateless Muslims away from their (1243)
shores out to the open sea; Muslim world is on fire
from Tunisia to Pakistan; Putin of Russia can lie
with a straight face that he is not interfering in (1243)
Ukraine; Putin and Muslim Iran are unabashedly
supporting Assad of Muslim Syria in his (1243)
murderous military action against his own people (1243)
that has killed hundreds of thousands, including
women, children and civilian males, and made (1243)
refugees out of millions of its inhabitants and yet
(1243)
the United Nations has not cried out and the
Security Council is impotent. How do they sleep at (1244)
night?
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)

(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1244)
(1243)

(1243)
(1244)
(1243)
(1243)
(1244) (1245)
(1244) (1245)
(1244) (1245)
(1244) (1245)
(1244) (1245)
(1245)
(1245) (1245)
(1245)
(1245) The one who lacks spiritual wisdom sings
spiritual songs to make a living. For a hungry
(1245)
(destitute) mullah, a mosque is a means to satisfy
(1245) his hunger (worldly needs). A lazy unemployed
fellow gets his ear pierced. He becomes a beggar
and brings a bad name to his family. Never touch
(1245) the feet of the one who claims to be a gur pir
(spiritual guides) but lives on charity. Nanak,
(1245)
One who works hard to make an honest living
(1245) and practices charity finds the righteous path.
AGGS, M 1, p. 1245.
(1245)
Wisdom is not to be wasted in futile arguments.
Use wisdom and reason in the service of God and
the practice of charity. Learn by intelligent
(1246)
reading and earn respect by exercising wisdom.
Says Nanak, this is the right path while other (1246)
things (failure to apply discerning intellect) lead
to wickedness. AGGS, M 1, p. 1245. (1246)

Guru Nanak emphasizes to use wisdom to find out (1246)
what is right and what is wrong.

(1246)
(1245)

(1245)

(1245) (1246)
(1245)
(1245) (1246)
Those who lack common sense, intelligence and
discerning intellect cant understand the mystery
(1245) of the word (Hukam). Nanak, those are real
asses, who have no virtues but are filled with

egotistical pride. AGGS, M I, p. 1246.
(1254)

(1254) (1254)

(1254) (1254)

(1254) (1254)

(1254) (1254)
(1254)
(1254) (1254)

(1254) (1254)
(1254)
(1254)
You are the Benefactor of all lives as well as the (1254)
Jio (life) within all. AGGS, M 1, p. 1254.

(1255)

(1255)
(1254)

(1254) (1255)
(1254) (1255)

(1254) (1255)

(1254) (1255)

(1254) (1255)

(1254) (1255)
(1254)
(1255)
(1255)

(1255) (1255)

(1255) (1255)
I focus my mind on the excellences of the (1255)
Creator and deliberate on them with enlightened
beings (God-centered beings/gurmukhs). A
researcher makes advancement/progress, while (1255)
the one who indulges in polemics (useless
discussion) is wasted. I am sacrifice to the (1255)
Creator, Who is the Enlightener. AGGS, M 1, p.
1255.
(1255)

(1255)

(1255)
(1255)

(1255)
(1255)

(1255) (1255)
(1255)
(1255) (1255)

(1255) (1255)
(1256)
(1255)
(1256)
(1255)
(1256)
(1255)
(1256)
(1255)
(1255) (1256)
Guru Nanak held three major problems facing the

masses and then declared wholeheartedly his
(1256)
solidarity with the masses. He launched a
campaign to awaken the masses to fight against
the tyranny of the rulers and the caste system. It
(1256)
should be noted that vast majority of the human
(1256) population is still facing these three problems!
(1256)
(1256) (1256)
(1256) (1256)
(1256) (1256)
(1256) (1256)
(1256) (1256)
(1256) (1256)
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(1256)
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(1256) (1256)
(1256) (1256)
(1256) (1257)
The first pain is the separation from God (lack of (1257)
morality), the second pain is the grinding poverty
and the third pain is the tyranny of the ruler. (1257)
AGGS, M 1, p. 1256.
(1257) (1273)
(1257) (1273)
(1257)
(1257) (1273)
(1257) (1273)
(1257) (1273)

(1257)
(1273)
(1257)

(1257)
(1273)
(1257)
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(1257)
(1257) (1273)
(1257)
(1273)
(1257)
(1273)
(1257)

(1257)
(1273)
(1257)
(1257) (1273)
(1257)
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(1257)
(1273)
(1257)

(1257)
(1273)
(1257)

(1257) (1273)
(1257)
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(1257)
(1273) (1274)

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(1275) (1278)
(1275) (1278)

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(1286) (1286)

(1286)
(1286)
(1286)
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(1286)

(1286)
(1286)
(1287)
(1286)
(1287)

(1286) (1287)
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(1287)
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(1287)
(1287) (1287)
(1287) (1287)
(1287) (1287)
(1287) (1287)
(1287)
(1287) (1287)
(1287) (1287)
(1287)
(1287) (1288)

(1288)
(1287)
(1288)
(1288)
(1287)
(1288)
(1287)
(1288)
(1287)
(1287)
(1288)
(1287)
(1288)
(1288)
(1287) Hindu government officials are like captive
(1287) trained falcons and deer that are used to trap
their own kind. Such people have no place/honor
(1287) in the court of God/Truth. AGGS, M 1, p. 1288.
(1287)
Guru Nanak compares the Hindu elite, Dwijas
(1287) (twice born: Brahman, Kshatriya, and Vaishya)
who were working for the Muslim rulers with
trained animals and birds, often used to trap their
(1287) own kind. It was the Hindu elite that helped the
(1287) Muslim rulers to expand and consolidate their
power over the Hindus:
(1287)
(1287) (1288)
(1287) (1288)
(1288)
(1288) (1288)
(1288) (1288)
(1288) (1288)
(1288) (1288)
The rulers are like tigers/lions and their officials (1288)
as dogs, who harass and persecute the innocent
subjects. The claws of the dogs (government (1288)
servants) inflict wounds on the public. The rulers
suck the blood of the public through these dogs
(1288)
who lick the wounds. AGGS, M 1, p. 1288.

In an uplifting message of hope for redemption (1288)
and regeneration for the demoralized and
dehumanized Hindu society, Nanak declared that (1288)
powerlessness is a curse but not a Divine curse. (1288)
Oppression is immoral but so also is submission to
it without moral resistance. (1288)
(1288)
Guru Nanak denounced the oppressive and (1288)
bigoted Muslim rulers and their administrators
while the Hindu elite were hand-in-hand with the
oppressors. Beyond the confines of sub-continent, (1288)
in Europe the custodians of Christianity invested
despots with divine rights, and in the Muslim (1288)
world, the ruler (khalifa or caliph) was regarded as
(1288)
the representative of Prophet Mohammad.
Contrary to the norms, Nanak called for the (1288)
establishment of the rule of justice for all,
(1288)
declaring spiritual and temporal sovereignty. He
proclaimed that the ultimate source of spiritual as (1288)
well as temporal power is God and it is the duty of
(1288)
a gurmukh (God-centered being/moral
enlightened-being) to oppose tyranny, injustice (1288)
and immorality:
(1288)
(1288)
(1288)
(1288)
(1288)
(1288)
(1288)
(1288) (1289)
(1289)
(1289) (1289)
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(1289) (1289)
(1289) (1289)

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(1289) (1289)
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(1289)
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(1289)
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(1290) (1290)

(1290)
(1290) (1290)
(1290) (1290)
(1290) (1290)
(1290) (1290)

(1290)
(1290)
(1290)
Only fools argue about flesh and meat, because (1290)
of utter ignorance.
What is meat, and what is vegetable? What is sin (1290)
in eating either? They are both made of the same
ingredients. (1290)
It was the practice of the Hindu gods to kill the
rhinoceros, and make a feast of the burnt
(1290)
offering.
Those who renounce meat, and hold their noses (1290)
when sitting near it, devour men at night.(Take
advantage of poor and ignorant).
They practice hypocrisy, and make a show before (1290)
other people, but they themselves are steeped in (1290)
ignorance.

..
In the flesh we are conceived, and in the flesh we (1290)
are born; we are vessels of flesh. (1290)
..
All beings and creatures are flesh; the soul has (1290)
taken up its home in the flesh.

In the flesh we are conceived, and in the flesh we (1290)
are born; we are vessels of flesh.

Meat is allowed in the Puraanas, meat is allowed (1290)
in the Bible and the Koran. Throughout the four (1290)
ages, meat has been consumed.
It is featured in sacred feasts and marriage (1290)
festivities; meat is used in them. (1290)
Guru Nanak is critical of the High Caste Pandits (1290)

who looked down on meat eaters. (1290)
(1290)
(1290) (1291)
(1290) (1291)
(1290)
(1290) (1291)
(1290) (1291)
(1291)
(1291) (1291)
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(1291) (1291)
(1291) (1291)
(1291)
(1291)
(1291) (1291)
(1291)
(1291)
(1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1327)
(1291) (1327)
(1327) (1328)
(1327) (1328)
(1327) (1328)
(1327) (1328)
(1327)
(1327) (1328)
(1327)
(1327) (1328)
(1328)

(1327)
(1328)
(1327)
(1328)
(1327)
(1328)
(1327)
(1328)

(1327) (1328)
(1327) (1328)
(1327) (1328)

(1328)
(1328)
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(1328)
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(1328) (1328)
(1328)
(1328) (1328)
(1328) (1328)
(1328)
(1328) (1329)

(1329)
(1328)

(1328) (1329)
Make forgiveness and fortitude your milch cow

and modesty the calf that drinks the milk.
(1328) AGGS, M 1, p. 1329.
(1328)

(1328)
(1329)

(1329)
(1329)
(1329) (1329)
(1329)
(1329)
(1329) (1329)

(1329) (1329)

(1329) (1329)

(1329) (1329)
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(1329)
(1329)

(1329)
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(1329)

(1329) (1329)

(1329) Do not ask for ones caste/social status or

lineage; ask whether there is Truth in ones
(1329) heart. Ones status and respect is determined by
(1329) ones deeds. O Nanak, one obtains liberation
from lifes suffering by contemplation on
(1329) God/Truth. AGGS, M 1, p. 1330.
(1329)
AGGS rejects the law of karma and reincarnation,
(1329) when it urges humans to rise above animal level to
(1329) become gurmukhs/moral enlightened-beings, and
stresses the freedom of action and responsibility
(1330) for the consequences. Besides, contrary to the law
(1330) of karma and reincarnation that determines ones
caste and status in society, it is ones deeds that
determine ones worth and respect in society:
(1330)
(1330)
(1330)
(1330)
(1330)
(1330)
(1330)
(1330)
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(1330) (1330)
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(1330) (1331)
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(1331)
(1332)

(1331)
(1332)

(1331)
(1332)

(1331)
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(1331) (1332)
(1331) (1332)
(1332)
(1331)
(1332)
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(1332) (1332)

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(1332)
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(1332)
(1342)

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(1345)
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(1345)
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(1345)
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(1345)
(1353)
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(1353)

(1345)

(1345)

(1345)

(1345)

(1345)

(1345)

(1345)

(1345)

(1345)

(1410)
(1410)
(1410)

(1410)

(1410)
The Almighty One (ikRsM ) sustains all and It is
(1410)
also the enlightener (dev deva) called Atma. But
Atma is the Omnipresent One (sRIbws dyvsH ). (1410)
Nanak is the devotee of the one who understands (1410)
this mystery; such a person is indeed God-like.
AGGS, M 1, p. 1353. (1410)
(1410)
(1410)
(1410)
(1410) (1410)
(1410 (1410)
(1410) (1410)
(1410) (1410)
(1410) (1410)
(1410) (1410)

(1410) (1410)
(1410) (1410)
(1410)
(1410) (1410)
First evaluate the goods, then buy (first evaluate
an idea or philosophy before accepting it). (1411)
AGGS, M1, p.1410. (1411)

Guru Nanak advises not to have faith in any
philosophy or suggestions or teachings before its (1411)
proper evaluation. (1411)
(1411)

(1410)
(1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1411)
(1411) (1412)
(1411)
(1412)
(1411)
(1411) (1412)
(1411) (1412)
(1411) (1412)
(1411) (1412)
(1411) If you want to play the game of love (follow the
righteous path/Truth) then follow me and be
(1411)
prepared to sacrifice your life. Once you step on
this path, do not hesitate to offer your head.
(1411) AGGS, M 1, p. 1412.

In tune with true revolutionary zeal, Nanak gave a
(1411) clarion call to the masses to join his movement
with an explicit warning that it would require
supreme sacrifices.
(1411)

(1411)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412) (1412)
(1412) (1412)
(1412) (1412)
(1412) (1412)
(1412) (1412)
(1412)
*****
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)

(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)

(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)
(1412)

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The Sikh Bulletin jyT-hwV 547 nwnkSwhI May-June 2015

THE SIKH BULLETIN

May-June 2015 jyT-hwV 547 nwnkSwhI editor@sikhbulletin.com Volume 17 Number 5&6

In This Issue/qqkrw WHAT SIKHS MUST KNOW ABOUT GURU NANAK

Guru Nanak must have found Rumis philosophy to

If Guru Nanak did travel to Konya, his travels would

[Rumi and Guru Nanak portraits and the inscription of

A narrative to his visits to Mecca, Medina and

During Guru Nanaks journeys in the Middle East,

Guru Nanak designed this special symbol < to

K. T. F. of N. A. Inc. 3524 Rocky Ridge Way, El Dorado Hills, CA. 95762 8

(3) Hindu philosophy believed that earth is supported

of Vedas concluded that there are hundreds of (5)

indestructible and changeless throughout the

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Nanak, whether one is inferior or superior is (8)

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Air is the guru, water is the father and Earth is (8)

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K. T. F. of N. A. Inc. 3524 Rocky Ridge Way, El Dorado Hills, CA. 95762 20

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life when it lays utmost stress on the present life (21)

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(53) continuous prayers (sincere efforts). Allah does

(53) Guru Nanak challenged the superiority of Islam

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(62) The human body that is empty of love crumbles

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High is the one who is approved by God. (91)

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(141) Even under such conditions my longing to adore

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degeneration that plagued the society: tyranny, (146)

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sixty-eight Hindu centers or serve the Brahmans. (150)

Truth. I received the nectar of Truth as (151)

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(223) There is not a single aspect of nature that remains

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Guru Nanak had observed that people accept (242)

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(349) not enhance or diminish Gods greatness. AGGS,

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(357) The Truth is my lamp and my suffering

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(359) bother about paradise or salvation? AGGS, M 1,

Lodis (rulers) responsible for their defeat and the (411)

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