I feel great pleasure to acknowledge my hearty thanks to all the people associated

with the successful completion of this minor training report . First of all, gratitude
towards my university which provided me the opportunity to undergo the summer
training of 1 month during on 23-06-2017 to 23-07-2017 . I would like to express
my gratitude to Mr. Deovrat Yamraj (site Engg.) & Er. Abishek kumar and staff
who gave necessary guidance and support during the tranning and provided
relevant data, drawing & documents .I paying my sincere gratitude towards all who
guided me to prepare of this report .

Chandra Prakash Dasmer

B'Tech Civil Vth Sem.
Kalinga University Raipur
I hereby declare that the project work entitled GONDWARA RAILWAY
OVER BRIDGE RAIPUR submitted to the Kalinga university nayaraipur ,
is a record of an original work done by me under the guidance of Mr. Deovrat
Yamraj, and this project work is submitted in the partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Civil
Engineering.

Chandra Prakash Dasmer

B'Tech Civil Vth Sem.
kalinga University
Raipur (C.G.)
Content:-

S.n. Description Page no.

1. INTRODUCTION 5
2. INFORMATION ABOUT DEPT. AN 5
OVERVIEW
3. NECESSITY OF BRIDGE ON THERE 6-7
LOCATION
4. INFORMATION ABOUT TRAINIG & 8-9
DETAILS OF PROJECT
5. WHAT IS BRIDGE ? 10
6. VARIOUS TYPES OF BRIDGE 11

7. PART OF THE BRIDGE 12

8. EQUIPMENT USED IN SITE 22-29

9. MATERIAL TEST IN LABORATORY 29-34
10. ESTIMATION AND TOTAL COST OF THE 35
PROJECT
Information about Department :-
Public Works Department, in short PWD is a department,
professional advisor and agency for construction of Roads,
Bridges and Government Buildings in state for Government of
Chhattisgarh, India. Budget is placed to the department for
construction work by legislature assembly of the state through
finance department of the state. Engineer-in-Chief is the budget-
controlling officer and head of the department responsible to the
government for utilization of fund, planning, and policymaking
and obtains its approval form the government.
Gondwara railway crossing is a very busy in Raipur City. From
where 50 to 60 trains cross every day, And it takes at least 8
minutes for each train to be on crossing . Due to which a lot of
traffic is collected there. Keeping in view of all these problems, it
is very important to have a Rail Over Bridge on there location .
 Details of the training and project:-
"GONDWARA RAILWAY OVER BRIDGE RAIPUR"

Details Of Project
1. Types of bridge Rail Over Bridge

2. Overall Width of bridge 13.00 mts

3. Clear Carriagway 12.10 mts

4. R.C.C. Crush Barrier 0.45 m on either side

5. Total length of ROB with approaches excluding railway portion

Gudhiyari side Gondwara side

i. Viaduct (Girder) - 115 m (5 i. Viaduct (Girder) - 138 m
span of 23m) ii. Abutment - 4.0 m
ii. Abutment - 4.00 m iii. Retaining wall - 109.0m
iii. Retaining wall - 94 iv. P.C.C. - 30.0 m
iv. P.C.C. -
6. Foundation level
i. Abutment A1 & A2 R.L. 92.94 M.
ii. Pier P1 to P4 R.L. 93.13 M
iii. Pier P5 to P8 R.L. 92.47 M
iv. Retaining wall Gondwara side avg. R.L. 95.70 M
v. Retaining wall gudhiyari side avg. R.L. 97.45 M

7. Types of super structure P.S.C. precast girder with cast

in situ deck.

8. Types of sub structure

i. Pier Open foundation
ii. Abutment Open foundation
iii. Return Open foundation

9. Crush Barrier R.C.C. Crush barrier

10. Wearing Coat 75 mm of bituminous

 What is Bridge ?
A Bridge is a structure built to span physical obstacles without
closing the way underneath such as a body of water , valley , or road
, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle.
"A structure built to span and provide passage
over a river, dam, road, or any other physical hurdle. The function
required from the bridge and the area where it is constructed decides
the design of the bridge.
 Types of Bridge
Based on Materials Based on Span
Based on Super Structure
Timber bridge
Arch bridge Culvert bridge
Masonry bridge
Girder bridge Minor bridge
Steel bridge Major bridge
Truss bridge
R.C.C. bridge Long span bridge
Suspension bridge Pre stressed concrete Pre stressed concrete
bridge bridge

Based on Function
Based on Level of Foot bridge
Crossing
Highway bridge
Over bridge Rail way bridge

Under bridge Aqueduct bridge

Road cum railway bridge
 Part Of Bridge
The five major parts of Bridges
Superstructure :- Superstructure that part of the structure
which supports traffic and includes deck, slab and girders. All the
parts of the bridge which is mounted on a supporting system can
be classified as a Super structure.
Substructure :- Substructure that part of the structure, ie piers
and abutments, which supports the superstructure and which
transfers the structural load to the foundations.
Foundation :- Foundation is the component which transfers
loads from the substructure to the bearing strata. Depending on
the geotechnical properties of the bearing strata, shallow or deep
foundations are adopted. Usually, piles and well foundations are
adopted for bridge foundations
 Bearing :- Bearing transfers loads from the girders to the pier caps.
Bearing is a component which supports part of the bridge and which
transmits forces from that part to another part of the structure whilst
permitting angular and/or linear movement between parts .
 Pier Cap / Headstock :- Pier Cap / Headstock is the
component which transfers loads from the superstructure to the
piers. Pier cap provide sufficient seating for the Bridge girders and
disperse the loads from the bearings to the Piers.
Concrete Pedestal :- A concrete pedestal is a compression
element provided to carry the loads from supported elements like
columns, statues etc. to footing below the ground. It is generally
provided below the metal columns. In general pedestal width is
greater than its height
Pier:- Pier is that part of a part of the substructure which supports
the superstructure at the end of the span and which transfers loads
on the superstructure to the foundations. Depending up on
aesthetics, site, space and economic constraints various shape
of piers are adopted to suit to the requirement. Mostly Reinforced
Concrete or Re-stressed concrete are adopted for the construction of
piers .
Beam / Girder :-
Beam or girder is that part of superstructure structure
which is under bending along the span. it is the load bearing
member which supports the deck. Span is the distance between
points of support (eg piers, abutment). Deck is bridge floor directly
carrying traffic loads. Deck transfers loads to the Girders depending
on the decking material.
DIRTWALL: The dirt wall is the wall which stands on to
Abutment cap end to end apart from pedestals. This wall bears the
load of ramp next to retaining wall on the abutment .

Note :-The end

sides of the dirt
wall should be
matched
properly with the
ends of retaining
wall and thus in
the same way till
crash barrier.
 Abutment and Abutment cap :-
In engineering, abutment refers to the
substructure at the ends of a bridge span or dam whereon the
structure's superstructure rests or contacts.Multi-
span bridges require piers to support ends of spans unsupported
by abutments .
 EQUIPMENT USED IN SITE
In construction site different types of equipment in site -
1. Concrete Vibrators
a. Needle Vibrator
b. Shutter Vibrators
c. Surface Vibrators
d. Vibrating Table
Needle Vibrator-Immersion or Needle Vibrators are most
commonly used vibrator for concrete. It consists of a steel
tube (with one end closed and rounded) having an eccentric
vibrating element inside it. This steel tube called
poker . is connected to an electric motor or a diesel engine through a
flexible tube. They are available in size varying from 40 to 100 mm
diameter (30mm,40mm,60mm also available in our site ). The
diameter of the poker is decided from the consideration of the
spacing between the reinforcing bars in the form-work.
2. Iron rod cutting machine
3 . High speed drill cutting machine
4. Grouting machine
5. Pre-stressing machine

Fig:Pre-stressing Machine and working

 6. R.M.C.Machine:-R.M.C.(Ready-mixconcrete)
is concrete that is manufactured in a factory or batcching
plant, according to a set recipe, and then delivered to a work
site by truck mounted in- transit mixers. This results in a
precise mixture, allowing specialty concrete mixture to be
developed and implemented on construction sites , Ready-
mix concrete is often preferred over on-site concrete mixing
because of the precision of the mixture and reduced work
site confusion ,
Ready-mix concrete, or RMC as it is popularly
called, refers to concrete that is specifically manufactured
for delivery to the customer's construction site in a freshly
mixed and plastic or unhardened state Concrete itself is a
mixture of Portland cement, water and aggregates
construction site in a freshly mixed and plastic or
unhardened state. Concrete itself is a mixture of Portland
cement, water and aggregates comprising sand and gravel or
crushed stone. Ready-mix concrete is bought and sold by
volume - usually expressed in cubic meters
7. Concrete pump :- A concrete pump is a machine used
for transferring liquid concrete by pumping. ... The first type
of concrete pump is attached to a truck or longer units are on
semi-trailers. It is known as a boom concrete pump because
it uses a remote-controlled articulating robotic arm (called a
boom) to place concrete accurately.
 Test of Mix Concrete
Materials Details
Cement - PS Cement Sand - River Sand

Coarse Aggregate - Crushed Aggregate

 PARAMETER CONSIDER FOR MIX DESIGN

1 Maximum size of Aggregate 20 mm

2 Degree of quality control Good

3 Type of exposure Moderate

4 Workability Slump 50-100mm

 MATERIAL TEST IN LABORATORY
There are various types of material test in lab:-
1. Steel TMT bars test :-

Name of the Test Result Parameters

Identification 10 12 16 20

Weight Per Mtr. (Kg) 0606 0.880 1.540 2.501 Up to 10 mm(-8%),16mm(-

6%),>16mm(-4%) variation in
wt. allowed.

Tensile Strength 617.7 651.7 639.2 661.8 08% more then actual 0.2%
(N/mm2) 4 proof stress but not less then
545 N/mm2

Yield Stress (N/mm2) 504..7 532.4 538.8 538.5 Not less then 500N/mm2
1
Elongation % 20.0 25.0 23.7 19.0 Minimum - 12%
 Material test Results
Cement :-
S.n. Test Result
1. Specific Gravity 3.150

2. Fineness of Cement 0.585 %

3. Normal Consistency 32 %

4. Initial setting time of the Cement 70 minutes

5. Final setting time of cement 265 minutes

6. Soundness of cement 1 mm

7. Compressive strength of cement 340 kg/cm2

(7 day)
 Sand
1. Specific Gravity 2.549
2. Bulk Density loose 1.532 kg/liter
3. Compacted Dry 1.751 kg/liter
4. Surface moisture Content NIL
5. Water Absorption 1.92 %

Cement
1. 10 100%
2. 4.75 97.97%
3. 2.36 94.47%
4. 1.18 77.07%
5. 0.6 50.70%
6. 0.3 8.50%
7. 0.15 0.10%
 Test of Aggregate
Coarse Aggregate :-
20 mm 1. Specific Gravity 2.760

2. Bulk Density loose 1.381 Kg/liter

3. Compacted Dry 1.557 Kg/liter

4. Surface moisture Content NIL

5. Water Absorption 0.24 %

10 mm 1. Specific Gravity 2.760

2. Bulk Density loose 1.351 Kg/liter

3. Compacted Dry 1.602 Kg/liter

4. Surface moisture Content NIL

5. Water Absorption 0.48 %

 Estimated Cost Of The Project
The total approximately cost of the project 18.22 Cr
only.
38