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Critical emergency 38

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Immortality Tradeoff: vs 191
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6. Doomsday argument: 199


SSA SIA? 200
SIA SSA 201
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DA 204
- DA 205

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self-bomb 310
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You live only twice, 365
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13. Robert Miller , .


. 2.5 .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Miller_(businessman) 416

41. 21 416
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http://lesswrong.com/lw/qk/that_alien_message/ 451

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Safe car 454

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Not in Boston 479
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! 490
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AI risk 493
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Maia Konovalenko: Let me share my story 512
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: 534
534
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1. Lack of oxygen causes the neuron's normal process for making ATP for
energy to fail.

2. The cell switches to anaerobic metabolism, producing lactic acid.

3. ATP-reliant ion transport pumps fail, causing the cell to


become depolarized, allowing ions, including calcium (Ca++), to flow
into the cell.

4. The ion pumps can no longer transport calcium out of the cell, and
intracellular calcium levels get too high.

5. The presence of calcium triggers the release of the excitatory amino


acid neurotransmitter glutamate.

6. Glutamate stimulates AMPA receptors and Ca++-permeable NMDA


receptors, which open to allow more calcium into cells.

7. Excess calcium entry overexcites cells and causes the generation of


harmful chemicals like free radicals, reactive oxygen species and
calcium-dependent enzymes such as calpain, endonucleases, ATPases,
and phospholipases in a process called excitotoxicity.[5][6] Calcium can
also cause the release of more glutamate.

8. As the cell's membrane is broken down by phospholipases, it becomes


more permeable, and more ions and harmful chemicals flow into the
cell.

9. Mitochondria break down, releasing toxins and apoptotic factors into


the cell.

10. The caspase-dependent apoptosis cascade is initiated, causing cells to


"commit suicide."
11. If the cell dies through necrosis, it releases glutamate and toxic
chemicals into the environment around it. Toxins poison
nearby neurons, and glutamate can overexcite them.

12. If and when the brain is reperfused, a number of factors lead


to reperfusion injury.

13. An inflammatory response is mounted, and phagocytic cells engulf


damaged but still viable tissue.

14. Harmful chemicals damage the bloodbrain barrier.

15. Cerebral edema (swelling of the brain) occurs due to leakage of


large molecules like albumins from blood vessels through the
damaged blood brain barrier. These large molecules pull water into the
brain tissue after them by osmosis. This "vasogenic edema" causes
compression of and damage to brain tissue (Freye 2011; Acquired
Mitochondropathy-A New Paradigm in Western Medicine Explaining
Chronic Diseases).

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The main idea of quantum (the name "big world immortality" may be better) is
that if I die, I will continue to exist in another branch of the world, where I will
not die in the same situation.

This map is not intended to cover all known topics about QI, so I need to
clarify my position.

I think that QI may work, but I put it as Plan D for achieving immortality, after
life extension(A), cryonics(B) and digital immortality(C). All plans are here.

I also think that it may be proved experimentally, namely that if I turn 120
years or will be only survivor in plane crash I will assign higher probability to
it. (But you should not try to prove it before as you will get this information for
free in next 100 years.)

There is also nothing quantum in quantum immortality, because it may work


in very large non-quantum world, if it is large enough to have my copies. It
was also discussed here: Shock level 5: Big worlds and modal realism.

There is nothing good in it also, because most of my survived branches will


be very old and ill. But we could use QI to work for us, if we combine it with
cryonics. Just sign up for it or have an idea to sign up, and most likely you
will find your self in survived branch where you will be resurrected after
cryostasis. (The same is true for digital immortality - record more about your
self and future FAI will resurrect you, and QI rises chances of it.)

I do not buy "measure" objection. It said that one should care only about his
"measure of existence", that is the number of all branches there he exists,
and if this number diminish, he is almost dead. But if we take an example of a
book, it still exist until at least one copy of it exist. We also can't measure the
measure, because it is not clear how to count branches in infinite universe.

I also don't buy ethical objection that QI may lead unstable person to suicide
and so we should claim that QI is false. I think that rational understanding of
QI is that it or not work, or will result in severe injuries. The idea of soul
existence may result in much stronger temptation to suicide as it at least
promise another better world, but I never heard that it was hidden because it
may result in suicide. Religions try to stop suicide (which is logical in their
premises) by adding additional rule against it. So, QI itself is not promoting
suicide and personal instability may be the main course of suicidal ideation.

I also think that it is nothing extraordinary in QI idea, and it adds up to


normality (in immediate surroundings). We all already witness to examples of
similar ideas. That is the anthropic principle and the fact that we found
ourselves on habitable planet while most planets are dead. And the fact that I
was born, but not my billions potential siblings. Survivalship bias could
explain finding one self in very improbable conditions and QI is the same idea
projected in the future.

The possibility of big world immortality depends on size of the world and of
nature of I, that is the personal identity problem solution. This table show
how big world immortality depends on these two variables. YES means that
big world immortality will work, NO means that it will not work.

Both variables are unknown to us currently. Simply speaking, QI will not work
if (actually existing) world is small or if personal identity is very fragile.

My apriori position is that quantum multiverse and very big universe are both
true, and that information is all you need for personal identity. This position is
most scientific one, as it correlate with current common knowledge about
Universe and mind. If I could bet on theories, I would bet on it 50 per cent,
and 50 per cent on all other combination of theories.

Even in this case QI may not work. It may work technically, but become
unmeasurable, if my mind will suffer so much damage that it will be unable to
understand that it works. In this case it will be completely useless, the same
way as survival of atoms from which my body is composed is meaningless.
But this maybe objected, if we say that only my copies that remember that
me is me should be counted (and such copies will surely exist).

From practical point of view QI may help if everything failed, but we can't
count on it as it completely unpredictable. QI should be considered only in
context of other world-changing ideas, that is simulation argument,
doomsday argument, future strong AI.

http://lesswrong.com/r/discussion/lw/n7u/the_map_of_quantum_big_world_
immortality/

Q: Will quantum immortality (or other types of


immortality) results in eternal boredom and suffering in
infinite empty universe?

While I understand your concerns, I think that during next


trillion years you will be able to find the ways to solve the
problem, and I could suggest some of the solutions even
now.

A trillion years from now you will be very powerful AI


which also knows for sure that QI works.

11. The simplest solution is circle time. In in you are


immortal, but your experience are repeatings. If they
are pleasant, there will be no sufferings. More
complex forms of time are also possible, so the
"linear time trap" is just a result of our lack of
imagination. Circular time probably result naturally
from QI, because any human has non zero
probability to transform in any other human, so you
will circle in random patterns the space of all
possible minds. (It also solves identity problem by
the way - everybody are identical, but with different
time for transformation.)
12. You could edit your brain in the way that it would
enjoy empty eternity, so no sufferings. Anyway you
may lost part of your long-term memory, so you may
don't know your real age. And in most QI branches it
will happen naturally.
13. Even if suffering (not very strong and painful) is real
after trillion years from now, it may be good deal to
agree on QI now, because of discounting effect. I
prefer to live trillion years than to die in strong
suffering in next 20.
14. Maybe the strong AI will prove that it is able to create
fun quicker than use this fun, so it will always has
something to do, no matter how much linear time
has gone. It also may create many levels avatar
worlds (simulations) where avatars will not
remember their real age (and we are probably inside
such simulation).
15. There are many ways how we could survive the end
of the universe (see my map), so the endless
emptiness is not necessary option.

I spent 25 years to come to these ideas (from the


summer 1990 than I got the idea of QI) so in next trillion
years I will be able to get better ideas I hope.
Big world (or quantum) immortality

World type and Very big


size Quantum Universet Only visible
multiverse (I nflai on, universe exist
Personal Math world)
identity theory
I am informa- Yes, QI Yes No
tion (mind, or
atoms posi-
works
tions)
I am Yes No No
continuous
casual chain
I am measure No No No
of my Depends on
existence measure of
existence
i
definti on
I am Yes Not clear No
rainbow of Depends on
my qualia nature of qualia
I am a soul No No No
able to exist I am immortal I am immortal I am immortal
independently but not because but not because but not because
of body of QI of QI of QI
I am a state of Yes No No
quantum My quantum Non cloning
computer state evolves theoreme
I am pure Yes No big universe Yes
observer, I cant be killed actually exist, I cant be killed
actualization as observer, but as actuality de- as observer
centre of the I could forget pends on prox- because I am
universe my personality imity to observ- needed for the
for eons. er. universe
But eternal existence
return may
work
I am every- Yes Yes Yes
body,
zero identity

QI and measure
I think that this attitude to QI is wrong because the measure should be renormilized if
the number of the observers change.

We can't count the worlds where I do not exist as worlds that influence my measure
(or if we do, we have to add all other worlds where I do not exist, which are infinite
and so my chances to exist in any next moment are almost zero).

The number of "me" will not change in case of embezzle. But If I die in some
branches, it changes. It may be a little bit foggy in case of quantum immortality, but
if we use many world immortality it may be clear.
For example a million copies of the program tries to calculate something inside
actual computer. The goal system of the program is that it should calculate, say, pi
with 10 digits accuracy. But it knows that most copies of the program will be killed
soon, before it will able to finish calculation. Should it stop, knowing that it will be
killed in next moment and with overwhelming probability? No, because if it stops, all
its other copies stop too. So it must behave as it will survive.

My point is that from decision theory point of view rational agent should behave as if
QI works, and plan his action or expectation accordingly. It also should expect that
all his future experiences will be supportive to QI.

I will try to construct more clear example: For example, I have to survive many
rounds of russian rouletts with chances of survival 1 in 10 each. The only thing I
could change about it is following: after each round I will be asked if I believe in QI
and will be punished by electroshock if I say "NO". If I say "YES", I will be
punished twice in this round, but never again in any round.

If agent believe in QI it is rational to him to say "YES" in the beginning, get two
shocks and never get it again.
If he "believes in measure", than it will be rational to him to say NO, get one
punishment in the beginning, and 0,1 punishment in next round, 0.01 punishment in
third and so on, with total 1.111, which is smaller than 2.

My point here is that after several rounds most people (if they will be such agents)
will change their decision and will say Yes.

In case of your example with train it means that it will be rational to you to use part
of your time not for speaking with relatives, but for planning your actions after you
survive in most probable way (train derails).

It looks like you suppose that there is branches where


agent cease to exist, like dead end branches. In this
branches he has zero experience after death. But another
description of this situation is that there is no dead ends,
because branching happens in every point, and so we
should count only cells of space-time there future I exist.
For example I do not exist on Mars and on all other Solar
system bodies (except Earth). It doesn't mean that I died
on Mars. Mars is just empty cell in our calculation of
future me, which we should not count on. The same is
true about branches where I was killed. Renormalization
on observer number is used in other discussions of
anthropic, like anorthic principle, Sleeping beauty. There
are still some open questions there, like how we could
measure identical observers.

If an agent cares about his family, yes. He should not


care about his QI. (But if he really believe in MWI and
modal realism, he may also conclude that he can't do
anything to change their fate.)

Qi is rises very quickly chances that I am in a strange


universe where God exist (or that I am in a simulation
which also models afterlife). So finding myself in it will
be evidence that QI worked.

Q: Will quantum immortality (or other types of immortality) results


in eternal boredom and suffering in infinite empty universe?

While I understand your concerns, I think that during next


trillion years you will be able to find the ways to solve the
problem, and I could suggest some of the solutions even
now.

A trillion years from now you will be very powerful AI


which also knows for sure that QI works.

The simplest solution is circle time. In in you


are immortal, but your experience are
repeatings. If they are pleasant, there will be
no sufferings. More complex forms of time are
also possible, so the "linear time trap" is just
a result of our lack of imagination. Circular
time probably result naturally from QI,
because any human has non zero probability
to transform in any other human, so you will
circle in random patterns the space of all
possible minds. (It also solves identity
problem by the way - everybody are identical,
but with different time for transformation.)
You could edit your brain in the way that it
would enjoy empty eternity, so no sufferings.
Anyway you may lost part of your long-term
memory, so you may don't know your real age.
And in most QI branches it will happen
naturally.
Even if suffering (not very strong and painful)
is real after trillion years from now, it may be
good deal to agree on QI now, because of
discounting effect. I prefer to live trillion
years than to die in strong suffering in next
20.
Maybe the strong AI will prove that it is able
to create fun quicker than use this fun, so it
will always has something to do, no matter
how much linear time has gone. It also may
create many levels avatar worlds
(simulations) where avatars will not
remember their real age (and we are probably
inside such simulation).
There are many ways how we could survive
the end of the universe (see my map), so the
endless emptiness is not necessary option.

I spent 25 years to come to these ideas (from the


summer 1990 than I got the idea of QI) so in next trillion
years I will be able to get better ideas I hope.

19.



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3. You live in simulation with afterlife. Probability can't be
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about state of tech progress.

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. http://www.i-u.ru/biblio/archive/behterev_bessmertie/
. .
http://royallib.com/book/bolonkin_aleksandr/dobro_pogalovat_v_bessmertie.html

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http://www.scribd.com/doc/24052811/ .
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. 2012.
.
? 1997. http://proza.ru/2007/05/22-04
.. .
http://www.magister.msk.ru/library/philos/
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the Scientific Prospects for Immortality. New York: Universal Publishers: New York:
Universal Publishers. ISBN 1-58112-724-3.
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Red
Hall, Stephen S. (2003). Merchants of Immortality: Chasing the Dream of
Human Life Extension. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
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6. / ...-..
, 1993-
10. : .1.
XIX-XX
/.. , 1993
: .2.
: /
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. . / .. . :
.., 2003
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/ .-..- : - , 1999

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.. : - ..-.., 2002
, . ,
/ ..;.-..-
. . . : ., 2005
. .
? // . . .
. . 98. . . , . 1998 .
/ . .: , 1998. . 130 149. (
uploading, )
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interdisciplinary-science-of-the-relocation-of-personality
:
http://nbmgu.ru/search/default.aspx?q=
%d0%b1%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%81%d0%bc
%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b5&cat=BOOK&p=1

Paul Edwards. Immortality


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.

, 10 000 , ,
.

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802ptn4igi&cof=FORID%3A11&ie=UTF-
8&q=immortality&sa=Search&siteurl=lesswrong.com%2Fr%2Fdiscussion%2Fnew
%2F
.. . -.: , 1990
.. : ? -: , 1990
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XIX-XX . -: , 1993

Immortality institute
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to grips with and, hence, quite threatening. The fast succession of dramatic
transformations promises to destroy or invalidate most of the things one identifies
with. Modification of familiar objects beyond recognition, even through
improvement, looks much like destruction; it's "death forward", as I call it. This is a
subjective problem, and it requires a subjective solution. The solution is actually
quite simple: junk the outdated concept of static identity, and think of yourself as a
process."
http://hanson.gmu.edu/vc.html


http://bodycloning.info/library/Transplantation/


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. -
.
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some subject of study to survive forever.
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Civilization [Hardcover]
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Civilization/dp/0307884910/

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Current political situation:


1. We all are condemned to death penalty during next 20-30 years as we are not
young.
2. We all are imprisoned in our body and the size of our single confinement cell
decreases steadily. Step by step it turns into a macabre lock-up because of aging.
3. As it infers from above, we have nothing to lose.
4. The only way to save ourselves is a rapid development of science and
technologies, the realization of a superproject for overcoming the aging and death.
5. Many scientific research are carried out today but it's only a one thousandth of
what must be done. That's like studies of atomic nucleus in 1930s. But we need new
a Manhattan project to fight death.
6. The reasons that nothing is being done are in the low understanding of the power
of science, the low value of life extension, the rule of religious prejudice, as well as
corruption in science (scams, rip-off, custom-made articles, bureaucratic innovation).
7. Therefore, to change the situation, you need to change public opinion, to increase
the competence, to create a social demand for the life extension for people, rulers and
billionaires.
8. However, rational persuasion does not work - there was published many books,
created many sites, etc, but no result.
9. Only a strong emotional impact can change people's opinions.
10. Longevity party was created just for that.

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AI risk
There is several points where AI could become existential risk. One is its ability of
unlimited self improving. The result of it clearly will be unpredictable complex
system with high capabilities and unknown goals.
Another is its need to take power over the world, even if it is so called Friendly AI -
it needs to take power globally to stop other AI projects and it is a moment when the
war between AI could start.
Third point is the moment when an AI became "self-aware" - when it includes itself
in its world model and realize that it could be switched-off. This moment was
depicted in the Terminator movie.
In general we could create great AI without its ability of self improving. It could
solve medical problems and control other AI projects. Its would be something like
Google is now doing (with NSA). But it still need to take control over the world. If
several national AI would be created, the arm race between them is inevitable which
would lead to self improving AIs and AI war. And human extinction.
In fact from here we see that the main risk in AI field comes from existing of national
states which tend to have war with one another. The same as in the case of nuclear
war.

Also we could create ems - human emulations - and also prevent them from
considerable self improving. Just tweaking some parameters. The answer to it is
peaceful unification of the world, and such unification should be the goal of
Longevity party.

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I think that it is possible to grow a new body using advanced stem cell regulation.
But it should be without brain or its upper part where consciousness is located. In
this case it would be possible to transplant my brain in this new body.


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We celebrated 1 year anniversary of Longevity party in Moscow. Around 50


people attended. We danced, drink and show vital energy to live forever

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Thank you for listing my article.


Bolonkin clearly is not right because Sun's hydrogen can't detonate. Only
deuterium and lithium on cold gas planet is good for detonation. Or you should
go as far as Sirius B which is white dwarf and could theoretically be detonated.
Or as close as Earth where lithium deposits or uranium mines could be regarded
as possible candidates for detonation.
But it does not mean that we can't do something to the Sun. If Sun would be hit
by a comet with 100 km diameter - which is rare but much-much more often than
such hit for Earth - the energy of the impact would be 1000 times more than
Sun's output in a second, which means that for a few seconds the Sun will
became hundreds times brighter and this could cause fires everywhere. And also
it could provoke strong magnetic event and some nuclear reactions in the
moment of the impact, the main risk from which is not energy boost but
radioactive contamination of space and Earth.
The large comet could be relatively easy disturbed in Oort cloud as orbital
velocities there are very small and even a small incoming impactor would be
enough to put a comet body in a free fall towards the Sun - which will take
hundreds of years. Some large stellar flares on Sun-like stars could be explained
by this mechanism. Such flares were recently discovered and their origin is no so
clear.
'Superflares' erupt on some Sun-like stars
http://www.nature.com/news/superflares-erupt-on-some-sun-like-stars-1.10653

Sergio! Me and Daria Khalturina is going to form a group for x-rsks prevention,
which will be different from many other groups because will use UN as a point of
our efforts. Daria has good connections in UN and know how thing works where
as well she has extensive political relations.

18
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Maia Konovalenko: Let me share my story

I was a student at the Moscow Institute of Phisics and Technology and in our 5th year
we had a course The basics of Gerontology. God, I hated the guy who was
lecturing us! His name is Valery Mamaev. When I was answering his questions at my
first exam during the winter session, he said I am going to become fat and ugly at 40
years of age. That was quite an unpleassant thing to hear. During the spring exam
session he said that my parent are sick, because everyone after 50 gets
atherosclerosis. That was very unpleasant as well, because I never thought of my
parents as old and decrepid. Well, I got an A at both exams, but my never-thinking-
about-aging state of mind was disturbed.

I was at the crossroads in my life at that time. I didnt want to spend 70% of my time
tutoring English to get money for food, and I was looking for a job. And what do you
think? My Gerontology professor offered me one. It was a translation of a 70-pages
long chapter from the book Free radicals in Biology and Medicine. Mamaev said
there was this rich guy, who is interested in aging and the translation was for him. I
understood what superoxide dismutase and other anti-oxidants do, and I knew some
English, thats why I got lucky. I negotiated the pay over the phone with this person
and asked for more, which, apparently, made him pay attention to my existence.
After one month, when almost all of the translation was ready, we met and I showed
him a sample of what Ive done.

Two days later I was going to the Serj Tankian concert and I got a phone call from
this guy, whose name is Mikhail Batin and he asked whether I wanted to work for
him and invited me to his office. We should have seen me: wearing huge star earings,
a T shirt with some ridiculous Mickey mouse print and jeans torn in like a hundred
places I poped in to his law firm office on my way to the concert, which was the
single thing I could think about at that time. Mikhail told me he was setting up a non-
profit aimed at supporting researchers that work on aging. He said that life is a good
thing and worth extending. Mikhail asked if I wanted to become his assistant and
help with communicating with scientists. I thought: sure, why not. He also gave
me a newspaper that hed created with some scientific news on the topic of aging. I
dint really read it carefully. I remember that when I was sitting there talking to
Mikhail I had this thought ok, oh no, if I really start thinking this thought, there will
be no way back to the bliss of not recognizing the largest problem in my life. Oh, ok,
now its too late, the thought is here already. Apparently, I have to work on the
problem of aging. That was all for that day.

I really understood that I want to live forever and that its a very-very good thing
only after my second conversation with Mikhail. It was my first day working for
him. He invited me to translate his conversation with Danila Medvedev and Mike
Darwin. Danila is the leader of Russian transhumanist Movement. Mike Darwin is
one of the best specialists in cryonics in the world. Mike was visiting Moscow and
they were discussing the ideas of how to make cryonics a popular concept and the
problems that this field has. I have never even heard the term before. I remember the
sheer light of hope that suddenly lit up inside me when I learned what cryonics meant
basically lets cryopreserve the person after he or she is dead and store the body or
the brain until the technology is created to restore the functions in the distant future.
For me it meant that maybe we dont have to die and be gone forever, maybe we
dont have to age, and maybe these problems can be fixed using the technology. After
this conversation Mikhail asked me if I was an immortalist and I said yes, apparently
I was. The word did seem qeer a bit, but this feeling was washed away instantly by
the positive emoions that I had after hearing about the possibility, even a very remote
one, that something could be done about aging and death.
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