UNJT 11 DOWN TO EARTH
Readng
a L o o k at the p h o t o of C u r t i s Ebbesmeyer and read the i n t r o d u c t i o n to che article about an
u n u s u a l oceanographer. W h a t are some possible answers to the question i n the i n t r o d u c t i o n ?
A t h l e t i c shoes,
plstic bathtub toys,
and a g r o u p of beachcombers on
the n o r t h w e s t e r n coast of the
^- United States.
b Read the article q u i c k l y Check y o u r guesses.
Scientists today are studying ocean
currents more and more intensely. Most
do i t using satellites and other high-tech
equipment. However. oceanographer
Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it i n a more
old-fashioned wayby studying
movements of random j u n k * .
A scientist w i t h many years' experience,
he started this type of research i n the
early 1990s when he heard about
hundreds of athletic shoes washing up o n
the shores of the northwest coast of the
United States. There were so many shoes
that people were holding swap meets to
try and match left and r i g h t shoes to sell
or wear.
Ebbesmeyer started investigating and
found out that the shoesabout 60,000
in t o t a l f e l l i n t o the ocean in a shipping
accdent. He contacted the shoe company
and asked if they wanted the shoes back.
Not surprisingly, the company toid h i m
that they d i d n t . Ebbesmeyer realized this
could be a great experiment. f he learned
when and where the shoes went into the
water and tracked where they landed, he
could learn a lot about the patterns of
ocean currents.
The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's
best reas for beachcombing because of
converging winds and currents, and as a
result, there is a group of serious
beachcombers i n the rea. Ebbesmeyer got
to know a lot of them and asked for their
help i n collecting i n f o r m a t i o n about where
the shoes landed. I n a year he collected
reliabe i n f o r m a t i o n on 1,600 shoes. W i t h
this data, he and a colleague were able to
test and refme a computer program
designed to mode! ocean currents, and
publish the results of their study.
Then i n 1993, a shipment of colored plstic
bathtub toys fell into the North Pacific
ocean. Ebbesmeyer and his coileagues got
even more accurate i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m this
spill. w h i c h resulted i n huge amounts of
useful new data for their work.
As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has
become known as the scientist to cali w i t h
questions about any unusual objects found
floating i n the ocean. He has even started
an association of beachcombers and
oceanographers, w i t h 500 subscribers from
West Africa to New Zeaiand. They have
documented splls of everything from
^ onions to hockey gloves.
 MiT I I DOWN TO EARTH

c Read the article again. A n s w e r the questions.

1 W h a t is d i f f e r e n t about the way Curts Ebbesmeyer studies ocean currents?

2 H o w d i d he get started d o i n g this k i n d o f research?
3 H o w d i d he use the athletic shoes for research?
4 H o w are beachcombers a part of his w o r k ?
5 W h y were the b a t h t u b toys very h e l p f u l for his w o r k ?
6 H o w m a n y people are part of his association, and w h a t have they done?

d H o w i m p o r t a n t d o y o u t h i n k this k i n d o f w o r k is? D o y o u k n o w o f any o t h e r u n u s u a l scientific

studies o n the n a t u r a l w o r l d ?

^ ^ V o c a b u l a r y : Prepositions of movement
a H o w m a n y pairs o f opposites can y o u make w i t h the prepositions below?

into out of
a way
from toward

past under

b F i n d the K u r o s h i o C u r r e n t o n the d i a g r a m . Read the d e s c r i p t i o n , check the p a t h o n the

d i a g r a m , a n d choose the correct prepositions.

The Kuroshio Current moves ^ toward/away from

japan. It becomes the North Pacific Drift and moves

Cmda - across / down the ocean, ^foiv7r///nfo North America.

United It becomes the California Current and travels south

Statat
^ Hawai)
'^over/down the west coast of the United States.Then
California it turns back out and becomes the North Equatorial
Current " '
tL..-.. Current. It goes ^over/past HamW,^ toward/away from
Phjjippines
\ the PhIlippnes.Then, It goes north/pat/acroi China,

and back to Japan. An object may take six years to go

;I ^around/down this circuit of about 14,000 miles.

C W o r k w i t h a partner. Take t u r n s d e s c r i b i n g other currents o n the d i a g r a m .

90
 UNIT 11 DO'JV.N T O E A ; ? T H

In Conversation
SiUdU W h a t is K e n n v g o i n g to do? Is Erica g o i n g to j o i n
him? Listen. T h e n read.

Erica: What's chis? Are y o u going to volunteer at the

Kenny: I t h i n k so. I j u s t calked to the supervisor there.

Erica; W h a t d i d she say?
Kenny: She asked me to come to a volunteer t r a i n i n g
session. A n d she t o l d me to t h i n k a b o u t w h i c h
animis Td l i k e to w o r k w i t h , '
Erica: Do y o u have to k n o w a lot about animis?
Kenny: N o . She t o l d me n o t to w o r r y about that.
Erica: W h e n is the t r a i n m g session?
Kenny: W e l l , she w a n t e d me to attend a session o n Saturday, b u t I can'C-
Theres one o n Sunday, so l ' m g o i n g to that one.
Erica: I t sounds interesting. Maybe F l l do i t , too. .
Kenny: That w o u l d be f u n !

Focus on Grammar
a L o o k at the chart. F i l l i n the b l a n k and answer the question. T h e n f i n d f o u r more examples
w i t h ask, tell, a n d want i n the conversation above.

1 Asked I told I wanted + object p r o n o u n + + verb

2 H o w do y o u make the negative f o r m of a r e p o r t e d request w i t h want'?

Reported requests with ask, tell, and want

"Please attend on Sunday." "Don't arrive late."

She asked me She asked me
not to arrive late.
She told him to attend on Sunday. She told him
She wanted us She didn't want us - to arrive late.

b UiUU Listen to the volunteer t r a i n i n g session. Use the p r o m p t s and try to report the
supervisor's i n s t r u c t i o n s i n orden

take a ame tag begin touch the animis check their ames off the list
feed the animis take a ten-minute break

1 ask / t h e m She asked them to check their ames off Che list.
2 tell / t h e m
3 ask / K e n n y
4 tell / t h e m
5 want / them
6 tell / t h e m

C tiUliU Compare answers. T h e n listen again and check y o u r answers.

d W o r k w i t h a p a r t n e r Take t u r n s m a k i n g requests. T h e n r e p o r t y o u r requests to another pair.

Example A; Please lend me your pend B: Ronald asked me to lend him apencil.
93
 JEAN'S A D V I C E
A) I f he has permission to play his radio, Tm
sure you can get permission to bring your
ovm radio with headphones. Or maybe you
could compromise and take turns. Ask h i m
if you can plck the staton sometimes.
What's the worst that could happen? Try it!

Nothing! For whatever reason, she feels op I ppioqs

that she needs to be accessibie to her office. I
wouldn't take phone calis i f I were in a
restaurant with a colleague and neither
would you. But she does and that's that.
Granted, some people are not as considrate
as they could be about cell phones, but they
were invented to make life easier and they
are here to stay.
C/ Making a scene would probably not he!p
the situation. But, you will have to take the
initiative to stop this behavior. A direct
approach would be to say something like, " I
feei uncomfortable when you come in and
look all over my desk." A less direct
approach would be to just smile and say
nicely, "Are you looking for something?
Maybe I can help you find it," every time she
comes i n to take a look at your desk.
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Suipeay
 UNJT12 T H S R1QHT APPROACH

d Read the texts again. I n situations 1 - 3 below, circle the response that agrees w i t h the advice
Jean gives. E x p l a i n y o u r answers.

Situation 1:
a The person says n o t h i n g to the colleague a n d b u y s earplugs.
b The person talks to the colleague and asks to choose the radio station sometimes.
S i t u a t i o n 2;
a The person has d i n n e r w i t h the client a n d says n o t h i n g w h e n the c l i e n t answers her
cell p h o n e .
b The person goes to d i n n e r w i t h the client a n d says, "Please t u m o f f y o u r cell p h o n e . "
S i t u a t i o n 3:
a The next time the w o m a n comes i n t o the cubicle, the person says, "Are y o u l o o k i n g for a
p e n c i l or s o m e t h i n g ? "
b The person gets a n g r y w i t h the w o m a n and tells her to stop d o i n g i t .

e F i n d a w o r d or expression i n the texts f o r each d e f i n i t i o n . (2) = p r o b l e m 2; ( A ) = advice A .

1 d i s t u r b i n g y o u or y o u r Ufe (2)
2 show anger or s t r o n g feeUng i n p u b l i c (3)
3 reach an agreement, w i t h each side g e t t i n g s o m e t h i n g they w a n t ( A )
4 possible to be reached or contacted (B)
5 careful n o t to upset people, t h i n k i n g of others (B)
6 be the first to d o s o m e t h i n g ( C )

f W h a t do y o u t h i n k of Jeans advice? H o w cypical do y o u t h i n k these situations are?

Vocabulary: Expressions with g e t , m a k e , and t a k e

a L o o k at the diagrams. L o o k back at the texts i n section 1 and f i n d more expressions

for each verb.

information, a decisin, someone to lunch,

presents, a protit. phone calis.
get make take

b Choose one or t w o expressions f r o m each d i a g r a m above.

W r i t e an example sentence for each one. T h e n compare W Help Desk
., sentences. You can use different verbs with
phone cali
Example make lije easierPeople say compiiters make
take a phone cali = accept a cali
life easier, hut l'm not always sure.
get a phone cali = receive a cali
make a phone cali = inifiate a cal

96
 NJT 1 2 T H E RGHT APPROACH

Focus on Grammar
a L o o k at the questions. Do they refer to real situations
^ a t w o u J d y o u d o i n these
or h y p o t h e t i c a l or i m a g i n a n / situations?

tei] y o u r colleague to t u r n off the

b L o o k at the chart. W h a t f o r m of the verb is used radio litbotheredyouP
i n the...

1 if clause? 2 m a i n clause?

Second conditional

\f dause Main clause

If I didn't like the radio station, Vd ask my co-worker to change stations.
If my co-worker carne into my cubicle, l'd t a l k t o her.
If I were In a restaurant with a colleague, I wouldn't take phone cas.

Note: Were is often used after l,he, she, and t n the second conditional especiaily in
formal situations. fl were you,....

c Make sentences w i t h the second c o n d i t i o n a l .

1 If I had m o r e experience, Vd apply for that j o b . (have / a p p l y )

2 He a l o n g better w i t h his c o - w o r k e r s i f he
nicer. (get / be)
3 What you if v o u your
job? (do / n o t hke)
4 We more w o r k done i f we so m a n y breaks.
(get / n o t take)
Ifshe more money, she happier w i t h her j o b .
(make / be)
6 i my j o b i f i t b o r i n g . ( n o t like / be)
7 Ifthey w o r k earher, they by 5:00.
(start / f i n i s h )

d Make second c o n d i t i o n a l sentences about vourself. Use these ideas or y o u r o w n .

be the boss have or get a different job be happy earn more money like my job
work in a big office work alone work long hours have more time
Examples f were the boss of my company, Fd have to work really long hours.
l'd have morefree lime jI didn't commute to work.

Lstening
AUDIO Listen. W h a t are the problems mentioned?

AUDIO Listen again. M a k e notes o n the advice

A l i c i a and Ryan give for each p r o b l e m .

Do y o u agree w i t h the advice? Do y o u k n o w anv

radio programs l i k e this?

97
 UNJT12 THC RQHT APPROACH

Speaking
W o r k i n groups. Use a m a r k e r a n d dice. Take turns a n d r o l l the dice. M o v e that n u m b e r of
spaces. A n s w e r the q u e s t i o n w i t h the n u m b e r y o u land o n . Give reasons for y o u r answers!

1. f you could do any job in the world for one day,

t what would it be?
2. If ,you could be the inventor of anything from history,
what would you pick?
3- if you could go any place in the world, all expenses paid,
where would you go?
4- If you could "uninvent" one thing in the world so that it didn't exist,
what would it be?
5- if you could work for any person in the world, who would it be,
and what Job would you want?
. If you could say one sentence to the leader of your country,
what would you say?
7. If you could be the current world channpion in any sport,
which sport would it be?
8. If you were to be remembered in history for one thing,
what would you want it to be?
9. If you were stranded on a desert island with one famous person,
alive or from history, who would it be?
10. If you could have the starring role in one movie already made,
which movie would you pick?
11. If you were to give one person you know an award for something,
who would It be and for what?
12. If you were to be a machine, what machine would you be?
13- If you could give one giftworth any amount of money to one
person, who would it be and what would you give?
14. [f you had to cancel one hour of the day, every day,
which hour would it be?
15- 11" you could run any company or organization in the world,
which would it be?

99
 UNIT 12 THE RGHT APPROACH

In Conversation
UUU W h a t three things does V i n c e n t ask about?
Listen. T h e n read.

Vincent: F m g o i n g to a d i n n e r party this

evening. D o y o u have any idea w h a t I
s h o u l d take as a gift?
Linda: Lets see...flowers or some chocolates
w o u l d be nice.
Vincent: Great. D o y o u k n o w w h a t t i m e I s h o u l d
arrive? . "*
Linda: W h a t d o y o u mean?
Vincent: W e l l , the party is at 8:00. Is i t t y p i c a l to
arrive right o n t i m e , or. s h o u l d I arrive a
Uttle later?
Linda: O h , y o u s h o u l d probably arrive o n time.
Vincent: O K . . . C a n y o u tell me where I can b u y
chocolates near here?
Linda; Yes, there's a shop near the t r a i n station.
Vincent: O h , O K . T h a n k s for y o u r h e l p . ' :

Focus on Grammar
a Use i n d i r e c t questions to be p o l i t e o r i f you're n o t sure the p e r s o n w i l l k n o w the answer.
Compare direct a n d i n d i r e c t questions i n the chart a n d answer the questions.

1 W h a t is the order of the subject and verb i n i n d i r e c t questions?

2 Is ij used i n yes / no questions or i n w h - questions?
3 D o y o u use the a u x i l i a r y do I did i n the if a n d w h - clauses?

Making indirect questions

Direct questions indirect questions

Where can I buy chocolates? Can you tell me where I can buy chocolates?
What should I take as a gift? Do you have any idea what I should take as a gift?
What time does the meeting start? Could you tell me what time the meeting starts?
Did the meeting end at 5 o'clock? Do you know if the meeting ended at 5 o'clock?

b M a k e i n d i r e c t questions f r o m the direct questions below. Use b e g i n n i n g s f r o m the chart.

Example W h e n does the flower shop open? Do you know when thefower shop opens?

1 W h e r e is the conference room? 4 Is there a nice restaurant near here?

2 W h e n does the post office cise? 5 W h y d i d Maya leave w o r k early?
3 W h e r e d i d y o u r coileagues go? 6 W h a t t i m e does the p a r t y start?

c W o r k w i t h a partner. Make conversations w i t h i n d i r e c t questions. Use these ideas or y o u r o w n .

a classmate's ame the nearest bus stop time class fnishes a caf nearby the time
Example A; Can you tell me what that person's ame is? B: His ames Trent.

101