Cycles

(Severe-Profound SSD):
- Hodson & Patten
- Follow a cycle for STIMULABLE sounds only within developmental norms
- Ages 2.5-14 years old (helps older kids with convo skills)
- Highly unintelligible with multiple speech errors, could help CAS
- Speech perception (auditory bombardment) want this kids to hear the difference
- Do NOT give cues to children
- HAP 3 to determine patterns
- Motor Based
- Each phoneme within a pattern is targeted for 60/30 min 1-2x/week no level mastery
required, patterns are cycled until they show up in conversation

Core Vocabulary (Mild-Moderate Inconsistent SSD):
- Dodd, Crosbie
- Ages 3;0-6;0
- Children do not have AOS
- 2x/ week for 30 minute around 8 weeks it becomes consisted
- Parents pick 70 unintelligible functional vocabulary words focus on 10/ week
- Involves PLAY with lots of repetition, must have exposure outside of therapy
- Looking for consistency not accuracy of production
- Est. best production teaching sound by sound, drill, check for imitation
- DONT ASK THEM TO IMITATE DURING DRILL
- Once they have consistent errors move to another approach.

Stimulability (moderate-severe-profound)
- Very young children 2-4 years old
- Not for CAS
- 1-2x/week for 45-50 minutes (12 sessions NO LONGER THAN 12 WEEKS)
- Goal is to increase intelligibility not acquisition
- Sound is considered stimulable if produced with 10% acc or 2x

Metaphon Therapy (All levels)
- 4-5 & older
- Increase the child awareness of word forms and how they different from adult target
- Facilitate overall changes in speech and increase literacy acquisition
- Individual and Group sessions Often paired with Minimal Pairs approach

Multiple Oppositions
- Co-occuring language, speech or reading issues
- 2x/week
- Young children 36-72 months (3-6yrs) with limited sound inventories
- Selection of intervention targets are MAXIMALLY DIFFERENT in place, manner, voice
- Helps with children who suffer from phonemic collapse
- 4 PHASES
 1. Familiarization & Production of Contrasts
2. Production of Contrasts
3. Production within communication contexts
4. Conversational Recast
- Lots of repetition needed
- You need 70% on 2 training sets to move from Phase 2-3
- Every 3rd session trained 10 untrained words if they get 90% move them to
conversation, if they 50% on conversation discontinue that sound

Minimal Pairs (mild to moderate)
- 3;0-6;0
- Used for consistent errors
- Used for individual or group sessions (2x/week for 9 weeks)
- Meaningful Minimal Pairs - Child is challenged to produce a contrast between the word
pairs in the 1st intervention session
1. Familiarization
2. Listen and Pick Up
3. Production of Minimal Pairs
- Perception Production Minimal Pair Intervention - Child receives perception training
followed by imitation speech production practice before starting spontaneous speech
production practice
1. Familiarization
2. Word Imitation
3. Independent Naming
4. Minimal Pairs

NSOME
- Exercises aimed at increasing strength, range of motion, and/or muscle tone of the
speech mechanisms
- Do not use for SSD, CP, Parkinsons, ALS, etc.
- Can be used for Dysphagia
- Any age can be used with
- Phonetic treatment approaches are typically motor based (artic/van riper/drill practice)
- Phonemic treatment approaches are typically sound based (metaphone, cycles,
stimulability, minimal pairs, multiple oppositions, core vocab)

Ultrasound:
- Used for any age
- Good for biofeedback of /r/
- 8-10 weeks
- Very costly

Electropalatography
- Provides placement cues for all sounds
 - 6-20 session needed
- Must require training
- Good for SSD and Cleft Palate

PACT
- 3-6 years with SSD
- Increase presence and responsibility on parent
- Establish feature contrasts Using a Minimal Pairs approach
- 5 Main Components
1. Parent Education
2. Metalinguistic Training
3. Phonetic Production
4. Homework