HGRS MASTER - Maintenance

Type of Skill: Specific Technical Skills

Category : Transport Equipment
Module: Belt conveyors
Unit: Belt 05 of 18
Version: 1.0 06-02-03
Reference: Belt conveyors MTC Training.ppt

Belt
Purpose: To understand the different type of belt and the advantages and disadvantages in
application

Description: Belts are composed of a carcass and a cover

Belt carcass
The belt carcass is the web which provides the belt with elasticity and rigidity. Its quality
is related to tension resistance, troughability and impact resistance
Most conveyor belt carcass is made of one or more plies of woven fabric/textile. High
tension carcasses of single layered, cabled-steel cord are also employed (see table 1 for
material name and characteristics)
Different fabric weaves allow the rigidity and characteristic of the belt to be varied (see
figure 1) :
- plain weave
- straight warp weave
- solid woven weave
Multi-ply polyester and nylon belting are used for standard belts (figure 2)
PVC belting often utilizes a solid woven or interwoven carcass for higher tension, heavy
duty conveyor systems (figure 3)
Ultra-high tension conveyors require the use of steel cord/cable belts (figure 4-5) and
more recently developed aramid based carcass design (solid woven weave)
Tension resistance and troughability depend on the specific belt (refer to suppliers
brochure). Belts types are generally designated according to the number of plies and the
specific strength in KN/m or PIW (pounds per inch width). Generic data are shown in
table 6 to 8
Belt cover
The belt cover consists of compounds comprised of natural rubbers, styrene butadiene
rubber (SBR) blended with natural or other synthetics, nitrile, butyl, ethylene propylene
based (EPDM), polychloroprene (neoprene), polybutadiene, PVC, urethane and
silicones..
Cover belting are classified according their abrasion, oil, fire, or temperature resistance
and for general purpose are classified: RMA1, M or RMA2, N
Abrasion resistance is classified according the following rating (DIN22102/ISO4649
method B see table 9)
W (D in ISO) high resistance test result below 100
X (H in ISO) resistant test result around 150
Y standard abrasion resistance test result around 250
K poor abrasion resistance test result over 300
This value represent the wear of a belt sample in the test
Other characteristics are: (DIN)
T Heat resistant
G Grease resistant
K fire resistant with cover
S fire resistant with or without cover
Belt dimensions
The belt width are standardized, with inch and metric value (see table 10)
The belt thickness of both covers and carcass depend mostly the type and supplier
(generic table shows standard characteristics (table 6-8)
The belt is selected according its working condition and design characteristics.
The width of the belt must match with the transport capacity and the belt
resistance (in N/mm or Pounds per Inch Width) which will assure the belt can
Training in Maintenance Page 1 of 8
 resist to the working tension.
Standards: DIN/ISO, CEMA
Impact if not Improper operation, breakage and downtime
correct: Fire (clinker), cracking, spillage etc
Actions: Proper selection
Proper product quality
Unit Select 3 belts in the plant and check their characteristics
Completion:
See site specific unit for additional information, respective actions and applicable safety instructions

TABLE 1

Figure 1
Weave type

Training in Maintenance Page 2 of 8

 Figure 2

Polyester-Nylon Multiply belt

Figure 3

Solid Woven

Training in Maintenance Page 3 of 8

 Figure 4

Steel belts

Figure 5

Steel belt fabric reinforced

Training in Maintenance Page 4 of 8

 Table 6

Training in Maintenance Page 5 of 8

 Table 7

Training in Maintenance Page 6 of 8

 Table 8

Training in Maintenance Page 7 of 8

 Table 9

Table 10

Training in Maintenance Page 8 of 8