Theme :Uterus

Course : English
Teacher : Herrrera Dbrot Milagros
Students:
Fernandez Erazo Alisson Cristhel
Hernandez Mego Nora Naomi
Morales Fernandez Maria Esperanza
Rivera Olaya Maryori Alexandra
Vega Moreno Mayly Johana
Year:

2017
 Index
Uterus ......................................................................................................................................................... 2
Definition ................................................................................................................................................ 2
Functions ................................................................................................................................................ 3
Symptoms of cancer to the uterine neck ............................................................................................. 4
Clinical case ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Prevention .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Treatment ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Bibliography: .......................................................................................................................................... 6

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 UTERUS
Definition

The uterus (from Latin "uterus", plural uteri).

It is a muscular organ, hollow, pear-shaped,

infraperitoneal, located in the minor pelvis of the
woman who, when she adopts the position in
anteversion, rests on the urinary bladder in front,
with the rectum behind.

He uterus can be divided anatomically into four

regions: The fundus, corpus (body), cervix and
the internal os.

In the human, the lower end of the uterus, the

cervix, opens into the vagina, while the other
end, the fundus, is connected to the fallopian
tubes. It is within the uterus that the fetus
develops during gestation.

An incredibly distensible organ, the uterus can

expand during pregnancy from around the size
of a closed fist to become large enough to hold
a full term baby. It is also an incredibly strong
organ, able to contract forcefully to propel a full
term baby out of the body during childbirth.

Around the time of ovulation the uterus builds a

thick layer of vascular endometrial tissue in preparation to receive a zygote, or
fertilized egg cell. If the egg cell does not become fertilized by the time it reaches the
uterus, it will pass through the uterus and trigger the blood vessels of the
endometrium to atrophy and the uterine lining to be shed. The shedding of the egg
cell and uterine lining is known as menstruation and occurs approximately every 28
days for most women.

In the case of successful fertilization of the ova, a zygote will implant itself into the
endometrial lining, where it begins to develop over many weeks into an embryo and
eventually a fetus. As the embryo develops into a fetus, it triggers changes within
the endometrium that lead to the formation of the placenta. The placenta provides
the developing fetus with vital nutrients and oxygen from the mothers blood, while

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transferring carbon dioxide and metabolic waste products to the mothers blood for
disposal.

At the end of pregnancy, the uterus plays a critical role in the process of childbirth.
Prior to delivery, hormones trigger waves of smooth muscle contraction in the
myometrium that slowly increase in strength and frequency. At the same time, the
smooth muscle tissue of the cervix begins to efface, or thin, and dilate from less than
a centimeter in diameter to around ten centimeters at full dilation. Once the cervix is
fully dilated, the uterine contractions drastically increase in intensity and duration
until the fetus is pushed out of the uterus, through the vagina, and out of the mothers
body.

Functions

The uterus is the organ responsible for

gestation. The ovaries produce the eggs,
which travel through the fallopian tubes.
Once the ovum leaves the ovary it can be
fertilized and implanted into the wall of the
uterus. Its main function is to house the
fertilized ovum and offer the optimal
conditions for it to develop the embryo
inside.

In women who have not passed the

menopause, the ovaries produce the
estrogen hormones at the beginning of the
menstrual cycle. This helps a preparation for
pregnancy to the lining of the uterus, the
endometrium, soft glandular material that is
densified during ovulation, at which time it
prepares to receive a fertilized egg. When
fertilization does not occur, this lining is
expelled during menstruation.

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In summary the uterus is responsible for:

The mestruacion: is a biological process that happens in the uterine

endometrium.
Gestation or pregnancy: is the period that elapses between the implantation
of the zygote in the uterus, until the moment of the birth.
It is also part of the birth canal or expulsion of the baby.

Symptoms of cancer to the uterine neck

Women with early-stage cervical cancers and pre-cancers usually have no

symptoms.

Symptoms usually do not originate until a pre-cancer transforms into a true invasive
cancer and grows into adjacent tissue.

When this happens, the most common symptoms are as follows:

Pain during sexual intercourse.

An unusual vaginal discharge, the discharge may include some blood and
may occur after menopause or between their periods.
An Abnormal vaginal bleeding.
Bleeding after intercourse.
Bleed during the pelvic exam and the gynecologist.

Clinical case
Thousands of women die each year because they
can not overcome this health problem, and others
save their lives by detecting the disease on time
and performing periodic Pap smears. Some of
these fighters have been recognized stars of
television and music, who happily overcame evil
with much conviction.

Rub actress, Barbara Mori, acknowledged having

suffered cervical cancer, but managed to overcome
this evil thanks to her strength and the support of
her family.

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However, others did not have the same fate. The illustrious Eva Pern fought against
this evil, but

lost the battle. New York surgeon George Pack directed the removal of the uterus,
which is known as a hysterectomy, but it was in vain because the former Argentine
first lady died at the age of 33, on July 26, 1952.

Prevention

There is no absolute way to prevent cancer, but it is

possible to take certain measures that can help
reduce your risk.

Avoid exposure to HPV (Human papilloma

virus)
Get HPV Vaccine
Limit the number of sexual partners
Avoid sexual intercourse with people who
obviously have genital warts or other
symptoms of venereal disease
Give up smoking
Perform the HPV test
PAP test
Avoid Having Sexual Relations

Treatment

The treatment depends on the diagnosis. According to the stage of cancer, the
treatment consists of one or more therapies.
Techniques of ablation: only would be possible for the pre-malignant
lesions. Can be used electro coagulation, cry coagulation or laser ablation.
Surgery: conization; are possible as long as the cancer is new, in advanced
stages it is necessary to make the total hysterectomy enlarged, which insists
on the uterus and adjacent tissue.
Radiotherapy: this consists in destroying the cancerous cells that have
remained after having operated.
Chemotherapy: has a more discreet utility, is the use of very strong drugs to
prevent the growth of bad cells in our body.

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Bibliography:

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/tero
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterus
http://www.innerbody.com/image_repfov/repo11-new.html
http://rpp.pe/famosos/celebridades/conozca-a-las-famosas-que-
sufrieron-cancer-del-cuello-uterino-noticia-309494
http://comofuncionaque.com/funciones-principales-del-utero/