Nord Stage & MIDI

the basics in understanding MIDI and how to set up your

Nord Stage with other MIDI equipment

Document version: 1 / 2011-05-05

written by Henrik Larsson

henriklarsson@live.se
Table of contents
Prelude...............................................................2
The fundamentals of MIDI................................2
MIDI Channels...............................................2
Master and Slave; Send and Receive............2
Control Change messages (cc).....................3
Program Change messages..........................3
The Nord Stage architecture............................4
Nord Stage MIDI menu walkthrough...............4
MIDI Control Local.........................................4
MIDI Panel A/B Channel................................4
MIDI Organ (Piano, Synth) A/B Channel.......4
MIDI Dual KB Channel...................................5
MIDI Prog Change Mode...............................5
MIDI Control Change Mode...........................5
Nord Stage Extern menu walkthrough............5
Extern MIDI A/B Channel...............................6
Extern MIDI A/B Volume................................6
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Change.......................6
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Bank...........................6
Extern MIDI A/B CC Value.............................6
Extern MIDI A/B CC Number.........................6
Extern MIDI A/B Send (Wheel, A.Touch,
CtrlPed).........................................................6
Extern MIDI A/B Vel Curve............................6
Extern MIDI Send on Load............................6
Examples of MIDI setups..................................6
Example 1: One slave, mono timbral mode...7
Example 2: Two slaves, mono timbral mode. 7
Example 3: One slave, Multi timbral mode....8
How complex setups can be made?..............9
Some words about Volume and Expression 10

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 When a MASTER talks, it SENDs MIDI data.
And when a SLAVE listens, it RECEIVEs MIDI
Prelude data.

The purpose of writing this manual was to shed

some light over what MIDI is and how to use your
Nord Stage keyboard in different MIDI situations.
There has been, and still are, many questions
about this on the Nord user forum. Hopefully this
document can help you to understand the basic
ideas of MIDI and how it works. MIDI can be as
complex and complicated as anything. I have no
intentions digging too deep into it within this
manual. This is just a basic introduction to start
you up.

The fundamentals of MIDI

MIDI Channels
Think about the MIDI technique as a telephone
operator. If the operator connects all calls to the
one and the same person, it would be one messy
conversation. The situation would end up
intolerable when everyone speaks at the same
time and to wrong persons. The telephone
operator avoids situations like these by putting
through the first call on one line and the next call
on another line. In MIDI language we call these
lines CHANNELS. Our MIDI operator has 16
channels available for simultaneously chats.
Master and Slave; Send and Receive
To get anything out of the conventional
telephone call one person has to talk while the
other one is listening. In MIDI language we call
the talker a MASTER and the listener a
SLAVE. However this is not very much of a
conversation. the MASTER tells the SLAVE what
to do and the SLAVE arent supposed to have
any opinion about it. The topics arent very
diverse either. They dont talk about the weather
or some distant uncle they have in common. Its
more like the MASTER says: -I am playing an E
minor here and youre about to do the same! Or:
-When I turn this knob you will increase your
volume!
The most basic setup - One master and
one slave
So what are the requirements for being a
MASTER? Well, your keyboard has to have a
MIDI OUT jack. This doesnt necessarily means
the particular keyboard owns a black belt in
mastering slaves. Just that it has the ability of
doing so. In the same way a SLAVE has to have
a MIDI IN jack. To connect two devices, use a
MIDI cable between the MASTERs MIDI OUT
and the SLAVEs MIDI IN. Now, youre the
telephone operator. Make sure the MASTER
sends MIDI data on the same channel as the
SLAVE receives MIDI data to have them
communicate.
More complex setups - One master and
several slaves
In order to use more than one SLAVE, we need
to introduce the MIDI THRU jack. Connect one
MIDI cable from the MASTER MIDI OUT to the
MIDI THRU jack on the first SLAVE. Connect
another MIDI cable from the first SLAVE MIDI
OUT to the next SLAVE MIDI IN. To make this

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setup work out well youll need the MASTER to
send MIDI data on two different MIDI channels.
You also need to setup the SLAVEs to receive
on different MIDI channels.
If your SLAVEs doesnt have a MIDI THRU jack,
you can solve this by adding a MIDI THRU BOX
to your chain.
More complex setups - Several masters
and one slave
There may also be situations when you want two
MASTERs to control one SLAVE. For example if
you have one sound module and dual keyboards.
In this case youll need to add a MIDI MERGE
BOX to your chain. The MASTERs should send
on the same MIDI channels as the SLAVE
(sound module) receives.
The MIDI language
MIDI is the common language between devices
regardless of brands. This makes it possible for a
Nord to communicate with a KORG or Roland
synthesizer for example. However that is not
entirely true. But i will come back to that later.
All MIDI supported synthesizers with a keybed
sends NOTE ON/OFF. Meaning that every time
you press or release a key on the keybed a MIDI
message is being sent. This is necessary for
playing sound modules or other keyboards.
Beyond the note on/off messages, there are
another two fundamental categories; CONTROL
CHANGE messages and PROGRAM CHANGE
messages.
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Control Change messages (cc)
Control change messages are pretty much
everything that affects the sound. Modulation
wheel, filter settings, volume, organ drawbars etc
are typical control change messages. There are
120 (0-119) destinations available for cc
messages. Some of these are standard for all
MIDI devices while others are model specific.
Cc messages, such as Modulation wheel
(cc001), Breath controller (cc002) and Volume
(cc007), are standard and works regardless of
brands. A list of this MIDI standard can be found
here:
http://www.midi.org/techspecs/midimessages.ph
p#3.
Note! Pitch bend and After touch are not classified as
cc's. They are another type of messages, but they are
also standardized.
You can locate the specific Nord Stage cc
messages in the manual, chapter 15; MIDI
controller list. The Nord Stage are set to send
and receive MIDI cc messages by default. This
means whenever you press a button or turn a
knob on the front panel a MIDI cc message is
being sent.
If you use your Nord Stage as a master and your
slave are set to receive MIDI cc:s the sound
characteristics will most likely change in some
way when using the controls. What will happen to
the sound depends entirely on the MIDI controller
list for your slave.
The bottom line is that the Nord Stage can send
MIDI control change messages to any other
synthesizers. But there is no guarantee that, for
example, the amount of reverb changes just
because you turn the reverb knob on the Nord
Stage front panel.
Program Change messages
I dare to say that all synthesizers on the market
today have the ability to save sound setups.
These setups may have different names such as
Patches, Voices etc. depending on what the
manufacturers want to call them. In Nord
language we know them as PROGRAMS. It is
possible to send a MIDI message to switch
Doc.version: 1 / 2011-05-05
Programs on another device. These messages
are named Program change messages.
There is a numerical limitation within one MIDI
message. No values higher than 128 can be sent
and today's devices can easily store more than
128 Programs. Therefore we will need yet
another MIDI message, the Bank Select
message. By combining these two messages we
can cover the needs of today (128*128=16 384
Programs).
The Nord Stage architecture
Before we proceed I shall briefly explain how the
architecture of the Nord Stage is built. Unlike
many other keyboards on the market, the Nord
Stage always works in a multi timbral mode. Multi
timbral means you always have the oppurtunity
to play the different instrument sections
simultaneously. Also the different instrument
sections don't have to share polyphony. The
Nord Stage are built from three different sound
engines (Piano, Organ, Synth) which produces
their own polyphony.
All the piano samples are exchangeable. You
can download these samples for free from
www.nordkeyboards.com. The Piano section is
the only instrument section that is possible to
upgrade. The Organ section and the Synth
section are not. All these instrument sections can
be run through the effect section of the Nord
Stage. Together with the Extern section these
instruments and effects creates a PANEL. There
are two Panels available within one PROGRAM.
You can play the Panels one at a time or
together in a layer or a split. The Program can be
stored (and named) in the Nord Stage flash
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memory. The Program also stores the system
effects (reverb and compressor) which affects
both Panels equally. The Extern section is
affected neither by the instrument effects nor the
system effects.
Nord Stage MIDI menu
walkthrough
Now, let's find out what settings can be made in
the Nord Stage MIDI menu and what they mean.
To enter MIDI menu hold down [SHIFT] and
press [MIDI].
MIDI Control Local
Here you set whether the front panel knobs and
buttons should control the internal instrument
sections or not. The default setting is <On>.
Setting this parameter to <Off> won't prevent the
Nord Stage from sending MIDI cc's, but the
internal sounds will be left unaffected.
MIDI Panel A/B Channel
You can choose to set a fixed MIDI channel (1-
16) per Panel. The Nord Stage will then send
and/or receive MIDI data on this specific channel.
This option may come in handy when you want
to use your Nord Stage as a Slave. But it may
also cause you trouble when using the Nord
Stage as a Master. Therefore I recommend
setting both Panels to <Off> initially.
MIDI Organ (Piano, Synth) A/B Channel
Here you set the MIDI channels per instrument
section AND per Panel. This can be used when
the Nord Stage works as a Slave.
Example:
1. Set Organ/Piano/Synth Panel A = <Off>
2. Set Synth Panel B = <3>
3. Layer a Piano and some Synth strings on Panel
A. Route them to all keyboard zones.
4. Enable a Synth lead sound on Panel B. Route it
to NO keyboard zone.
5. Setup the MIDI Master keyboard to send on
MIDI channel 3.
Doc.version: 1 / 2011-05-05
 6. Layer Panel A and Panel B.
The result is Piano with strings on your Nord Stage and
the lead synth on your MIDI keyboard.
I recommend setting these values to <Off> when
using the Nord Stage as a Master keyboard.
MIDI Dual KB Channel
This sets the MIDI receive channel for Panel B
when using the Dual Keyboard function. You
don't have to dig into the menues. Just hit the
Dual KB button and the whole Panel B will be
playable from another Master keyboard. Read
more about this feature in the manual.
MIDI Prog Change Mode
Here you set how the Nord Stage should handle
Program Change messages. If you want your
Stage to receive Program Changes from another
keyboard, set this parameter to <Receive>. If you
want to control other devices programs, set this
to <Send>. There's also possible combining
these two <Send & Receive> and to disable this
feature <Off>.
MIDI Control Change Mode
Just as with Program Change messages, you
can control how the Nord Stage handles Control
Change messages. Options available are <Off>,
<Send>, <Receive> and <Send & Receive>.
Example:
You want to use the Nord Stage as a Master, controlling
an external sound module.
1. Set MIDI Panel A/B Channels to <Off>.
2. Set MIDI Control Change Mode to <Send>.
With these settings your sound module will respond to
General MIDI cc's such as Pitch bend, Modulation wheel,
Sustain pedal and After touch. But it won't respond to cc's
from the knobs and buttons on the Nord Stage front panel
(since they are disabled).
The last four functions in the MIDI menu (Send
MIDI Ctrl, Dump Program Source, Dump Synth
Sound, Instrument SysEx ID) I have no intention
to involve in this document.
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Nord Stage Extern menu
walkthrough
The Nord Stage Extern section is used when you
want to use your NS as a Master. This section is
a simple but sophisticated interface to any MIDI
connected Slave. Let's start with having a look
on the front panel to see what we can operate
from here.
At the top there is a Rotary Encoder. This can be
set to control one of three messages; Volume
(cc007), Program Change or any optional MIDI
Control Change message (cc001-cc127). Use
the [PARAMETER SELECT] button to cycle
between the options.
Use the [ON/OFF] button to toggle between
whether the NS shall send these messages or
not. The [ON/OFF] button will also work as a
keyboard zone selector when holding the
[SHIFT] button.
Note! Turning the External Section OFF wont prevent the
NS from sending MIDI messages to the Slave if a value is
set in MIDI Panel A/B Channel which corresponds to the
receive channel on your Slave. Avoid this by setting the
MIDI Panel A/B Channel to <Off> in the MIDI menu.
The [OCTAVE SHIFT] works exactly as for the
internal instrument sections. Holding [SHIFT] and
pressing [OCTAVE SHIFT] controls how the
Slave shall respond to pitch bend and sustain
pedal (cc064).
Now let's move on to the Extern menu. Settings
made in Extern menu are saved per PROGRAM
except for Extern MIDI A/B Channel and Send
on load, which are global settings.
Doc.version: 1 / 2011-05-05
Extern MIDI A/B Channel
This sets which MIDI channel <1-16> the Nord
Stage sends MIDI data through the Extern
section. You can set one channel for Panel A
and another for Panel B.
Extern MIDI A/B Volume
The Nord Stage can send Volume (cc007) for
Panel A and B on Program load. If you want this,
set a value <0-127>. Otherwise set this
parameter to <Off>.
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Change
If you have set MIDI Prog Change Mode (in the
MIDI menu) to <Send> or <Send & Receive> you
can send Program Change messages to your
Slave from here. Set a value <1-128> to send a
Program change on Program load. Otherwise set
this to <Off>.
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Bank
By now we know the Program Change value
gives not enough information to complete a
successful program change. We need to add
information about the bank selection. Check the
user manual of your Slave device to find the right
Program Bank number (LSB). Select a value <1-
128> or set this parameter to <Off>.
Extern MIDI A/B CC Value
This is explained in the next section, (Extern
MIDI A/B CC Number). Value <0-127>.
Extern MIDI A/B CC Number
Remember you were allowed to control any
optional MIDI Control Change message (cc) with
the Rotary Encoder on the Extern section? Here
you select which cc number <0-119> you wish to
control. With the previous function (Extern MIDI
A/B CC Value) you set the amount.
Example:
If you want the Rotary Encoder to adjust Breath Control,
do following.
1. Set Extern MIDI A/B CC Number to <2>.
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2. Set Extern MIDI A/B CC Value to <64>.
3. Exit Extern menu, turn on External section,
select MIDI CC function with the [PARAMETER
SELECT] button.
4. Turn the Rotary Encoder clockwise or anti
clockwise to change the sound.
Extern MIDI A/B Send (Wheel, A.Touch,
CtrlPed)
Select whether Modulation Wheel, After Touch
and Control Pedal message will be sent or not.
<Yes>, <No>. With Control Pedal referred to
the pedal that can be plugged into the
CONTROL PEDAL jack on the Nord Stage rear
panel.
Extern MIDI A/B Vel Curve
Use this setting to adjust the velocity curves for
the Extern section. Choose between normal
<Norm>, soft <Soft> and hard <Hard>
responding.
Extern MIDI Send on Load
As I wrote earlier all these functions above will be
saved per Program in the Nord Stage. Setting
this variable to <Yes> will make the Stage send
all Volume, Program change and Control change
data when you bring up this particular Program.
To prevent your Nord Stage from sending these
changes, set this parameter to <No>.
Note! Values for Program Change and Program Bank
should be set to the Panel which is active on Program
load.
Examples of MIDI setups
In this chapter I will give some examples of how
you can use the Nord Stage as a Master
keyboard together with a sound module/rack
synth. The following conditions apply to all my
examples.
MIDI menu settings:
Function Value
MIDI Control Local On
MIDI Panel A/B Channel Off (A), Off (B)
Doc.version: 1 / 2011-05-05
MIDI Organ A/B Channel Off Extern MIDI A/B Prog Change See SM manual(A)
MIDI Piano A/B Channel Off Extern MIDI A/B Prog Bank See SM manual(A)
MIDI Synth A/B Channel Off Extern MIDI A/B CC Value Off(A), Off(B)
MIDI Dual KB Channel 16 Extern MIDI A/B CC Number ---
MIDI Prog Change Mode Send Extern MIDI A/B Send Wheel Yes(A), Yes(B)
MIDI Ctrl Change Mode Send Extern MIDI A/B Send A.Touch Yes(A), Yes(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Send CtrlPed ---
Extern MIDI A/B Vel Curve ---

Example 1: One slave, mono timbral Extern MIDI Send on Load Yes

mode
Task:
I want to blend an internal piano sound with a string patch
from my sound module (SM from now on). The strings
should be loaded along with Program 1:1, but they should
not be audible until the chorus. The SM should respond to
modulation wheel, sustain pedal and after touch. But not to
pitch bend.
Connection map:
Exit Extern Menu. Make sure Panel A is
active. Save Program 1:1.
Result
When selecting Program 1:1 Panel A will be
active with a piano sound. The SM will load the
string patch and set Volume=0. When you reach
the chorus, turn the Parameter knob on the
Extern Section clockwise to bring in the strings.

Example 2: Two slaves, mono timbral

mode
Task:

In the verses I want to layer an internal electric piano with a

Sound Module setup:
Connect the SM to the Nord Stage. Set up the SM to
receive MIDI data on channel 1. Make the mono timbral
mode active. Search the manual for the Program Bank
value and Program Change value representing the string
patch.
synth pad from my sound module 1. In the chorus I want to
play a split (internal organ and acoustic piano) and layer the
piano part with a synth lead sound from my sound module
2.
Volume should be controlled by the parameter knob on the
Extern section for both sound modules independently. Start
Volume 60 for the synth pad and 120 for the synth lead.

The synth pad shouldn't respond to any controls. The synth

Nord Stage setup
Bring up Program 1:1 with the internal
piano sound. Select Panel A. Make sure
the keyboard are not divided into several
Zones.
lead should only be responding to after touch and pitch
bend. Everything should be loaded together with Nord
Stage Pragram 1:2.
Connection map:

Turn ON External Section. Press the

Parameter Select button to set Rotary
Encoder to control Volume. Disable pitch
bend responding and enable sustain
pedal responding.

Enter Extern Menu

Function
Extern MIDI A/B Channel
Extern MIDI A/B Volume
Sound Module setup:
Value
Connect the SMs to the Nord Stage. Set up the SM1 to
1(A), 1(B) receive MIDI data on channel 1. Set up the SM2 to receive
0(A), Off(B) MIDI data on channel 2. Make the mono timbral mode
active. Search the manuals for the Program Bank value and

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Program Change value representing the synth pad/synth
lead patch.

Nord Stage setup

Load Program 1:2. Divide the Stage into

two zones and set a split point.

Activate Panel A and set the electric

piano on both zones. Turn ON the Extern
section for both zones. Set the rotary
encoder to control Volume. Disable pitch
bend and sustain pedal.
Activate Panel B and set organ on the
lower zone and acoustic piano on the
upper zone. Turn ON the Extern section
for the upper zone. Set the rotary
encoder to control Volume. Enable pitch
bend and disable sustain pedal.
Enter Extern menu
Function Value
Extern MIDI A/B Channel 1(A), 2(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Volume 60(A), 120(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Change See SM manual(A/B)
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Bank See SM manual(A/B)
Extern MIDI A/B CC Value Off(A), Off(B)
Extern MIDI A/B CC Number ---
Extern MIDI A/B Send Wheel No(A), No(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Send A.Touch No(A), Yes(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Send CtrlPed No(A), No(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Vel Curve ---
Extern MIDI Send on Load Yes
Use the Parameter knob in the Extern section to
adjust Volume for the active sound module
(Panel).
Example 3: One slave, Multi timbral
mode
So far I have showed two examples of how to
work with sound modules in mono timbral mode,
that is when the sound module can only receive
MIDI data on one channel. In this example I will
use my sound module in a multi timbral setup.
This of course requires that the module supports
such feature.
Task:
I want to layer an organ (NS) with some synth strings (SM)
in the verses. In the chorus I want to bring in synth brass
(SM) and control the volume of the brass with the
modulation wheel. The synth string volume should be fixed
to 80. The synth brass volume should vary from 0-127 with
start volume 0 (zero). Everything should be loaded together
with Nord Stage Pragram 1:3.
Connection map:

Exit Extern menu. Activate Panel A and

save Program 1:2.
Result
When loading Program 1:2 you will have the
Sound Module setup:
following setup:
Connect the SM to the Nord Stage. Engage multi timbral
mode and set up the mix with a synth string sound receiving
on channel 1 and with a synth brass sound receiving on
channel 2. Set volume for synth strings to 80. Set volume
for synth brass to 127.

Nord Stage setup

Load Program 1:3.

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 Activate Panel A. Turn ON the organ
section and make the registry settings.
Turn ON Extern section and set the
rotary encoder to control MIDI CC.
Activate Panel B. Turn off all instrument
sections. Turn ON Extern section and set
the rotary encoder to control MIDI CC.
Morph the rotary encoder to the
modulation wheel. Set the interval from
minimum to maximum.
Enter Extern menu
be compared to a 16 channel mixing board. That
gives us the oppurtunity to play back 16 sounds
at the same time. The MIDI receive channel can
be set to 1-16 for each sound. Setting all sounds
to the same channel will result in one big layer of
16 sounds.
When using the Nord Stage as a master you
have the ability to set 2 different transmit
channels. One for each Panel. Below I show an
image of what a setup could possibly look like
when using only one sound module and no
internal instruments from the Nord Stage.

Function Value
Extern MIDI A/B Channel 1(A), 2(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Volume Off(A), Off(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Change See SM manual (B)
Extern MIDI A/B Prog Bank See SM manual (B)
Extern MIDI A/B CC Value Off(A), 1(B)
Extern MIDI A/B CC Number 11(A), 11(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Send Wheel Yes(A), Yes(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Send A.Touch ---(A), ---(B)
Extern MIDI A/B Send CtrlPed ---(A), ---(B) Here we are using 10 (out of 16) sounds layered
and divided across the keyboard. Split points
Extern MIDI A/B Vel Curve ---
need not necessarily be specific notes on the
Extern MIDI Send on Load Yes
keyboard. Sounds can also be separated by
different velocity layers. Pressing the keys very
Exit Extern menu. Layer Panel A and soft will play one sound while hitting the keys
Panel B. Make Panel B active and save harder will play another. Have a look at the
Program 1:3. picture below for an example.

Result
On program load you will be able to play the B3
with layered synth strings. Since Panel B is
active you can now control the Expression of the
synth brass with the modulation wheel. The synth
strings volume are fixed to 80. But if you feel like
control the expression of the strings, you just
have to press the [PANEL A] button and turn the
rotary encoder on the Extern section.

Note! If you don't want your synth strings to respond on

volume / expression changes at all you will need to block
those MIDI cc's from being received within the sound
module.
How complex setups can be made?
The limitation when working in multi timbre mode
is 16 MIDI channels. The multi timbre mode can
In this example we're only using Panel A and the
sound module together with an internal organ
and an acoustc piano. The piano zone are
shared with the sound module. The Nord Stage
piano sound will be audible for all three velocity
layers, soft, medium and hard. Playing the
keyboard soft will trigger the guitar part only.
Playing at normal and hard velocity level will

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trigger the string part and cut off the guitar. controller 007 and you set a performing volume
Finally when hitting the keys hard a brass part with the pedal assigned to controller 011.
kicks in.
In other words, very complex setups can be
made only from one competent sound module
(slave) and one Nord Stage (master). Adding yet
another Nord Stage as a master gives you
control of up to 4 MIDI channels. Adding several
sound modules gives you the oppurtunity to layer
more sounds to existing MIDI channels.
What can be done is entirely up to you, your
fantasy and your creativity!

Have a look at the picture above. Here I have

Some words about Volume and
Expression
Now when we know what a Multi timbral mode
stands for I think the time has come to explain
the similarities and differents between VOLUME
and EXPRESSION.
Volume is control change message 007 and
Expression is control change message 011. They
both affect the overall loudness of the sound, but
in a different manner. Volume (cc007) is a main
channel volume. It sets the level of the MIDI
channel. Let's say you've set the level for the
guitar at 90 on the scale of 0-127. This is as loud
as the guitar will get compared to the adjacent
parts.
routed the guitar part and the piano part to MIDI
receive channel 1 and the brass and string parts
to MIDI receive channel 2. If in this case we
would choose to send cc007 (Volume) on
channel 1, the guitar and piano would jump to
equal levels. That would be a bad thing, since
that should devastate their internal mix.
Expression (cc011) is similar to the main out
faders of an ordinary mixer. So in order to
maintain the proportion of the mix you should
rather send Expression than Volume.
In summary one can say that Volume (cc007) is
absolute volume (0-127) and that Expression
(cc011) is relative volume (0-127).
A swell pedal connected to the CONTROL
PEDAL jack on the Nord Stage will always send
Expression (cc011) through MIDI (if enabled in
the Extern menu). This can not be changed.

Expression (cc011) can now be used to adjust

the level of that part from 90 down to 0. A foot
controller (swell pedal) assigned to cc011 on this
channel will be 90 at the toe-down maximum
position and 0 at the heel-down minimum
position. You have set a maximum volume with

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