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Cellulose is a straight chain polymer of beta-glucose and starch is a polymer of alpha-

glucose. Hydrogen bonds crosslink to form microfibrils.
Although both starch and cellulose are polymeric forms of glucose they differ in both
physical and chemical properties.
In cellulose, -glucose molecules rotate by 180 sequentially in chain. Note how the -OH
groups project bilaterally from both sides of the chain due to the arrangement of the -
glucose monomers when the -OH groups on C1 and C4 come together in a
condensation reaction between two molecules of glucose (H2O being eliminated and
formation of a glycosidic bond.
Because of their structure, cellulose and amylose have different functions. Amylose has
1,4 glycosidic bonds on the same side of its polymer chain. Amylopectin has 1,4 and 1,6
glycosidic bonds and is a branched molecule. Used as an energy storage in starch.
Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide found in plants. It provides structural support via
the cell wall which is fully permeable to water and solvents via osmosis. The position of
the sidechains (CH2OH) also alternates along the polymer chain , allowing many points
at which hydrogen bonds may form.
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The hydroxyl groups allow hydrogen bonds to form between adjacent molecules of
cellulose. Some 60-80 molecules bins together to form a cellulose microfibril and
microfibrils join to form microfibrils. Cellulose is strong and insoluble.