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An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often
with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical
parts. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today. Ninety-eight percent of all microprocessors are
manufactured as components of embedded systems. embedded systems course in Bangalore
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is caused by disorders o# the heart and blood vessels, and
includes coronary heart disease (heart attacks), cerebrovascular disease (stroke), raised
blood pressure (hypertension), peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease,
congenital heart disease and heart #ailure
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have now become the leading cause o# mortality in India. A
quarter o# all mortality is attributable to CVD. Ischemic heart disease and stroke are the
predominant causes and are responsible #or >80% o# CVD deaths. The Global Burden o
Disease study estimate o# age-standardized CVD death rate o# 272 per 100,000 population
in India is higher than the global average o# 235 per 100,000 population (Prabhakaran,
2016).
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause o# death globally: more people
die annually #rom CVDs than #rom any other cause. An estimated 17.5 million people died
#rom CVDs in 2012, representing 31% o# all global deaths. O# these deaths, an estimated
7.4 million were due to coronary heart disease and 6.7 million were due to stroke. Over
three quarters o# CVD deaths take place in low- and middle-income countries. Out o# the
16 million deaths under the age o# 70 due to non-communicable diseases, 82% are in low
and middle income countries and 37% are caused by CVDs. Most cardiovascular diseases
can be prevented by addressing behavioral risk #actors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diet
and obesity, physical inactivity and harm#ul use o# alcohol using population-wide strategies
(http://www.who.int/mediacentre/#actsheets/#s317/en/).
People with cardiovascular disease or who are at high cardiovascular risk (due to the
presence o# one or more risk #actors such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia or
already established disease) need early detection and management using counselling and
medicines, as appropriate.
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Accumulation o# #ibrin in the blood vessels slows blood #low and increase blood viscosity
contributing to the elevation o# blood pressure and leads to myocardialin#raction and other
serious cardiovascular diseases. Unless the blockage is removed promptly, the tissue that is
normally supplied with oxygen by the vessel will die or be severely damaged. I# the
damaged region is large, the normal conduction o# electrical signals through the ventricle
will be disturbed, leading to irregular heartbeat, cardiac arrest or death (Mihara et al.,
1991).
A blood clot (thrombus) developed in the circulatory system can cause vascular blockage
leading to serious consequences including death. A healthy hemostatic system suppresses
the development o# blood clots in normal circulation, but reacts extensively in the event o
vascular injury to prevent blood loss. Outcomes o# a #ailed hemostasis include stroke,
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pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis and acute myocardial in#arction.
Enzymes are delicate protein molecules necessary #or li#e. Enzymes are well known
biocatalysts that per#orm a multitude o# chemical reactions in the metabolism o# almost
all organisms viz., plants, animals, #ungi, bacteria and viruses and are commercially
exploited in the detergent, #ood, leather processing, pharmaceutical, diagnostics, and #ine
chemical industries.
Developments o# medical applications #or enzymes have been at least as extensive as
those #or industrial applications, re#lecting the magnitude o# the potential rewards: #or
example, pancreatic enzymes have been in use since the nineteenth century #or the
treatment o# digestive disorders. The variety o# enzymes and their potential therapeutic
applications are considerable. A selection o# those enzymes which have realized this
potential to become important therapeutic agents is shown.
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