Dap An Tienganh

Nguyenanhtuan81x@gmail.
com Ti ng Anh cng ch c Qu ng Ngi 2017
THI + P N THI CNG CH C TI NG ANH T NH

QU NG NGI 2017 (FULL + GI I THCH CHI TI T)
Mua ti li u qua gmail lin h : nguyenanhtuan81x@gmail.com
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http://xemtailieu.com/user/anhtuannguyen243641
P/s: tuy t i khng mua trang khc, xin c m n.
MULTIPLE CHOICES (200)
1. They would_____consider him their son.

A. not rather B. doesnt rather
C. rather not D. not
[would rather (not) + Vo: (khng) mu n]
2. If you don't understand what ______, please ask him after class.
A. your teacher explain B. does your teacher explain
C. your teacher explains D. your teacher will explain
(N s t + Vs/es)
3. The clowns in the circus made us______a lot.

A. laughed B. laugh (c i)
C. to laugh D. laughing
(C u trc: make + Object+ Vo: khi n cho ai tr nn)
4. Under no circumstances _________ animals.
1
Nguyenanhtuan81x@gmail.com Ti ng Anh cng ch c Qu ng Ngi 2017
A. the restaurant can accept B. cant accept the restaurant

C. the restaurant can accept B. can the restaurant accept
(Cu o ng v i under no circumstances: trong b t k hon c nh no i n a, ng v t
khng c b c vo nh hng)
5. We dont take the umbrella. We wish that we would _____it.

A. took B. take
C. can take D. be taken
(Cu ao c v i wish: S+ wish + S + V2/were.. Cu ny would + Vo)
6. ________ doesnt surprise me at all.

A. What B. That C. Why D. Who.
( i u khng lm cho ti b t ng cht no)
7. The Pyramids ______ by the ancient Egyptians.

A. were built B. was being built
C. had built D. will be built
(Kim t thp c xy d ng b i nh ng ng i Ai C p c i qu kh chia b ng
qu kh were built)
8. ________ me so disappointed.
A. You looked B. You asked
C. You made C. You took
(T ng t cu 3)
9. You______not read those magazines.

A. like B. would rather
C. prefer D. had better
2
had better not + Vo: khng nn
10. You think that he will help you doing your homework, _____?
A. wont he B. will he
C. do you D. dont you.
(Cu h i ui v i t think
+ Ch t l I chia theo ch t th 2
+ Ch t khng ph i I chia theo ch t th 1)
11. She is afraid of______. (Sau gi i t + V-ing/ Noun)

A. watching horror films (xem phim kinh d ) B. to ride in busy streets
C. climbing up trees (leo cy) D. A&C correct
12. They like Mathematics better ______.

A. to English B. for English
C. than English D. in English
(So snh h n i v i than)
13. The match brought excitement to thousands of TV_____too.

A. watchers B. travelers
C. viewers (khn gi ) D. crowds
14. Measles _____ sometimes a serious disease. (B nh s i..)

A. was B. were
C. are D. is
(Tn cc c n b nh/ o l ng/.+ Vs t)
15. A film is __________.
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A. more shorter than a play B. more interesting than a play
C. most funnier than a play D. weller than a play

So snh h n v i than
16. I'm tired ______ such repeating work.

A. to do B. by doing
C. with doing D. of doing
be tired of + V-ing: m t m i v i
17. ________ help us see and hear things happening on the other side of the
earth.
A. Satellites (v tinh) B. Stars (Ngi sao)
C. Flights (chuy n bay) D. Events (S ki n)
18. You dont want another cake, ______ ?

A. do you B. isnt it
C. will you D. dont you
Cu h i ui: you dont do you.
19. I did __________________.

A. me best to win for our class
B. my best to winning for our class
C. his best to win for our class
D. my best to win for our class
Ti n l c h t s c mang l i th ng l i cho l p ti.
20. You don't need to start _______.

A. neither B. yet (ch a)
C. too D. so
4
21. She has seen____________.

A. many tables made of wood
B. many knives made from steel
C. many cakes made of flour, eggs, butter, sugar
D. many cars made from Japan
- Make from: thay i ch t li u khi ch bi n.
- Make of: gi nguyn ch t li u khi ch bi n.
22. Paul spends much time _____games every day. (spend + V-ing)
A. to play B. playing
C. plays D. play
23. Peter is not old enough ________ there. (adj + enough + to Vo)
A. working B. work
C. to work D. to be work
24. Don't drink so much beer. Its harmful_____your stomach.

A. on B. to
C. for D. of
Be harmful to: c h i t i
25. My sister has complained about her teeth ________.

A. for last week B. for several days
C. since next week D. in several days
Th hi n t i hon thnh v i:
- since+ m c th i gian
- for + kho ng th i gian.
5
26. She's not sure where she may go for summer holidays. _____the end, she
decides to stay at home.
A. at B. in (in the end: r t cu c)
C. on D. into
27. Must the decaying tooth come out? _________.

A. Yes, it must B. No, it mustn't
C. No, it needn't D. A and C are correct
28. My uncle will go to Ho Chi Minh city_____ the end of this month.
A. onto B. in
C. on D. at (at the end of : cu i c a..)
29. Do you enjoy ______ a computer?
A. use B. to use
C. using D. being use
Enjoy + V-ing.
30. Let's go to the beach for summer holiday,________ ?
A. shall we B. dont we
C. will we D. do we.
(Cu h i ui: c Lets shall we)
31. The young man _____a phone call. (make a phone call: g i i n tho i)
A. made B. did
C. brought C. held
32. He met his wife_____ a party.

A. on B. by
6
C. at C. in
At the party: t i bu i ti c.
33.He often goes ______ every morning.

A. swimmer B. swim
C. go swimming D. swimming (go +V-ing: ch ho t ng: go swimming,
go shopping, go hiking)
34. Jack and his friends are talking to_______.

A. everybody B. both
C. one another D. everyday
Jack v b n anh ta ang ni chuy n v i nhau.
35. Because they don't have enough money to buy a bigger house, they must
make up their _____here.
A. minds to staying B. minds to stay
C. mind staying D. mind to stay
their +Ns nhi u minds to stay
36. She has a_____bill.

A. fifty-cents B. fifty-cent
C. fifty cent D. fifties cent
Fifty-cent l adj, khi c d u g ch n i khng c thm s a fifty-cent bill
37. Daisy has been a teacher______three years.

A. for B. since
C. in D. about
Th hi n t i hon thnh v i:
- since (t ) + m c th i gian
7
- for (kho ng, c) + kho ng th i gian.
38. Everybody was surprised____the news.

A. with B. at
C. by D. B&C are correct
Be surprised at/with sth: ng c nhin.
39. Shall we ring ____ a taxi? Ring for: g i taxi

A. for B. after
C. to D. up
40. This dress is too small_____me. (too + adj + to + Vo)

A. for B. with
C. to D. by
41. He lives _____ Hoang Dieu street. ( on the street: trn ng)
A. on B. at
C. by D. in
42. If Daisy gets up early, she_____time for breakfast.

A. has B. will have
C. having D. have
Cu i u ki n lo i 1: If +S +Hi n t i n, S + will + Vo)
43. Peter is 37 years old, but he still lives _____his parents.

A. at B. by
C. with (v i) D. on
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44. This girl is clever ____ to make fine things from paper.
A. rather B. enough: (adj +enough +to Vo)
C. more D. too
45. Mr. Young is not only healthy_____also cheerful.

A. and B. both
C. but D. with
Not only but also.
46. He was delighted______the show. (Be delighted with: vui m ng v i)

A. of B. to
C. with D. on
47. Peter is not proud____what he did. (Proud of: t ho.)

A. of B. with
C. on D. from
48. Her show was quite different_____what I expected.

A. from B. to
C. with D. A&B are correct
Different from: khc v i.
49. Don't eat sweets, they're bad______your teeth.

A. to B. of
C. with D. for (be bad for: c h i cho)
50. Jane ____ to Hanoi three times this year.

A. has been B. have been
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C. went D. has gone

Phn bi t has been v has gone
- Has been: i v tr v
- Has gone: i m ch a v .
51. Would you like a piece of cake _____ your coffee?

A. with (v i) B. to
C. for D. of
52. I'm afraid there isn't enough _____ in the car for everyone.
A. space B. room (ch ng i)
C. places D. vacancy
53. _____ beautiful collection of coins you have!

A. What B. How
C. What a D. How is
C u trc cu c m thn.
- What (a/an) + adj + N + S + V!
- How adj + V + S!
54. My father_____three years ago.
A. gave up smoking (b ht thu c) B. gave to smoking
C. gave with smoking D. gave to smoking
55. Do you mind if I turn on the radio? _________.

A. Yes, of course B. No, of course not (Khng phi n t no)
C. No, thank you D. No, I can manage
56. The train_____to Rome before I arrived.

10
A. had left B. left

C. will leave D. has left
Th qu kh hon thnh:
+ Hnh ng x y ra tr c: qu kh hon thnh.
+ Hnh ng x y ra sau: qu kh n.
57. He has got a very good_____with that company.

A. work B. profession
C. job (N m c: ngh ) D. career
58. A football match is divided into two______.

A. times B. match
C. sections D. halves (hi p)
59. The_____from Nha Trang to Da Lat was very interesting. It was almost
unforgettable for me.
A. travel B. crossing
C. journey (chuy n i) D. tour
60. I am_____my wife to drive.

A. learning B. teaching
C. showing D. explaining
61. Parents often make sacrifices____their children may receive a good

education.
A. so that B. because
C. for D. with
SO that ( m) .+ S +V
62. They ____us some new magazines and books if they _________
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A. bring / come B. bring / will come

C. would bring / had come D. will bring / come
Cu i u ki n lo i 1: If +S +Hi n t i n, S + will + Vo)
63. The class discussion was short; _____, we gained some new knowledge
from it.
A. however (tuy nhin) B. moreover
C. although D. therefore
64. They _____ on a camping trip next week.

A. will be going B. would be going
C. were going D. are going
Next week t ng lai n.
65. The more paper we save, ______ preserved.

A. more is wood pulp B. the more wood pulp is
C. wood pulp is D. the much wood pulp is
So snh cng cng
C u trc: the more + Noun + S + V, the more + Noun + S + V.
66. The circus shows are______exciting that the whole family enjoy them.
A. so B. very
C. too D. such
C u trc so + adjthat: qu.. n n i m.
67. His girlfriend stayed_____ the farm alone for two weeks.
A. in B. on
C. at D. for
On the farm: nng tr i.
12
68. He_____the door, gets into the room and sits down.
A. locks B. unlocks (m kha)
C. locked D. broke
Anh ta m kha c a, i vo phng v ng i xu ng.
69. Lan has to look ____her sister tonight because her mother is absent.
A. at B. after (look after: ch m sc)
C. for D. up
70. I don't know ___________

A. how much she bought that book?
B. what she is name's
C. when began the story.
D. what he thought about the discussion.
What + S + V + O: m nh danh ng .
71. My children are looking forward _____ Christmas.

A. with B. to (look forward to: mong i)
C. against D. for
72. I will fix your bicycle if I_____a screwdriver of the proper size.
A. shall have B. had
C. have D. will have
Cu i u kin lo i 1.
73. Mother's Day is the day when children show their_____to their mothers.
A. uniforms B. love (tnh yu)
C. solidarity D. spirit
13
Ngy c a m l ngy nh ng a con by t tnh yu i v i m .
74. Mary asked her mother _____ her more about the fairy story.
A. tell B. told
C. to be told D. to tell
(Cu m nh l nh gin ti p S + tell /ask.. + O + (not) to + Vo...)
75. At seven o'clock last night I_______to the radio.

A. was listening B. were listening
C. has listened D. listened
At seven o'clock last night Th qu kh ti p di n was/ were +V-ing
76. I haven't had______ an enjoyable evening for months.

A. such B. so
C. much D. very
Such + (a/an) + adj + Noun.
77. I'm really longing _____ the Tet holidays.

A. for B. after
C. to D. on
Long for: mong ch .
78. Janet was_____ clever that she could make a dress by hands.
A. much B. very
C. so D. such
So + adj + that S V O: qu.. n n i m.
79. The librarian told the students not _____ reference books out of the
library.
14
A. taking B. to take
C. takes D. take
80. Most of the civil servants are _____to pass the entry examination into the
national civil service.
A. enough good B. good enough (adj + enough)
C. too good D. very good
H u h t nh ng cng ch c gi i v t qua k thi u vo thi tuy n cng
ch c nh n c.
81. Civil servants wont leave their offices ______ 5 p.m.

A. until B. to
C. than D. in
Ph nh until: n khi.
82. These piles of books are ____ cleaner than the others.
A. as B. very
C. so D. much
Much + so snh h n: nh n m nh.
83. Do you enjoy______ legal documents?

A. to read B. read
C. being read D. reading (enjoy + V-ing)
84. She is _____ a cadres nor an architect, she is a public employee.

A. nor B. neither (neither..nor: khng.khng)
C. either D. both
15
85. The man ______ a blue shirt is my brother.

A. making B. having
C. taking on D. wearing (m c)
86. Steven gave you the book yesterday,_____?

A. did he B. didnt he
C. did Steven D. didt Steven
(Cu h i ui)
87. The movie Me before you was _____for her to see again and again.
A. too interesting B. enough interesting
C. interesting enough D. more interesting enough (adj + enough)
88. The more we study, the _______ we are.

A. more good B. good
C. well D. better
So snh cng cng nh cu 65.
89. I _____________ a letter from my family yet since I came here.

A. havent received B. didnt receive
C. wont receive D. dont receive
Since hi n t i hon thnh.
90. When it began to rain, my mother ____ in the kitchen.

A. cooked B. was cooking
C. had cooking D. were cooking
Hnh ng ng n: qu kh n
Hnh ng di: qu kh ti p di n.
16
91. She helped her mother _______ the house clean.

A. keeping B. to keep
C. keep D. B&C are correct
Help + (O) + to V
Help + (O)+ Vo
92. She couldn't find his number in the telephone _________.

A. department B. director
C. directory D. inquiry
Telephone directory: danh b i n tho i.
93. I wish I _____ last year.

A. went to Dalat B. had gone to Dalat
C. go to Dalat D. can go to Dalat
Cu ao c wish S + wish + S + V2/were
94. Mary can't speak French. __________.

A. Either can Peter B. Neither can't Pete
C. Neither can Peter D. Peter can't neither
C u trc l i ni ph h a:
- S + tr ng t (be) + not+ either
- Neither + tr ng t (be) + S
Mary khng th ni ti ng Php. John c ng khng bi t ni.

95. They waited for a bus. ____ the end, they gave up and walked.
A. At B. In (in the end: r t cu c)
C. On D. By
17
96. How long will it________ you to get home from work?
A. go B. need
C. have D. take
Take O + to V: chi m .
97. The _______ of a football team usually wears a colored armband.

A. captain B. forward
C. goalkeeper D. defender
i tr ng c a i bng th ng eo b ng tay mu.
98. Milk is used for _____ many products

A. produce B. to make
C. make D. making (gi i t +V-ing)
99. Tom wants to ______the army.

A. go B. take
C. join (tham gia) D. participate
John mu n nh p ng .
100. My uncle's house, ______is beside the lake, is very beautiful.

A. who B. that
C. which D. B&C are correct
Ch n C v that c th thay which, nh ng that khng c dng
sau d u ph y.
101. The farmers are working _____the farm not______the field-in.

A. in/ on B. on/ in
C. at/ on D. on/ at
18
On i v i farm, in i v i field.
102. It was _____ a difficult question that they couldn't explain even in their
mother-tounge language.
A. so B. such (such a/ an + adj + Noun..that)
C. very D. too
103. There are many ______for new immigrants in Australia.

A. offices B. toilets
C. uniforms ( ng ph c) D. hostels (nh ngh )
104. Thank you! It was very kind ____you to think about me.
A. from B. to
C. of D. with (It be kind of O..: th t t t khi )
105. This magazine is_____ once a month.

A. issue B. published (xu t b n)
C. sold D. fund
106. As _____, there werent many people at the meeting last week due to year-
end workload.
A. usual B. habitual
C. average D. popular
As usual: nh th ng l .
107. She is going to_____a reading.

A. draw B. write
C. listen D. copy (sao chp)
19
108. I need some _____before I can let you cash this cheque.
A. identification (th c n c c, CMND) B. evidence
C. questionnaire D. temperature
109. If I ____you, I wouldn't take him to the exhibition.

A. was B. am
C. were D. like
Cu i u ki n lo i 2: If S +V2/ were., S + would (not) + Vo.
110. The client wants to buy some vegetables. I show him the way to the ____.
A. grocer's B. greengrocer's (qu y bn rau)
C. sweet shop D. pharmacy (qu y thu c ty)
111. Miss White would answer the phone if she ______ in the living-room.
A. was B. has been
C. were D. to be
112. People will laugh _____ you if you wear that silly hat.
A. at (laugh at: c i..) B. for
C. in D. of
113. His father warned that this pool was_____ to swim in.
A. so shallow that B. too shallow to (qu su)
C. such shallow to D. shallow enough to
(too + adj + to Vo: qu..khng th .)
114. It seemed a long day, but _____ it came to an end.

A. last B. first
20
C. at first D. at last (cu i cng)
115. The road built in 1980 ______ now.

A. repairs B. is repairing
C. is being repaired D. reparing
(b ng c a HTTD v c now)
116. The interview for local civil servant _____ next month.
A. will give B. will have given
C. would have given D. will be given.
117. New machines ______used on this farm now.

A. have B. are being
C. being D. was
T ng t cu 115.
118. The weather was fine, and you could_____ along the beach.
A. swim B. sleep
C. walk D. sunabathe
119. Have you got _____doctor's phone number?

A. a B. an
C. the D. any (any dng trong cu nghi v n)
120. Reading is helpful in _____ the researchers knowledge. (gi i t +V-ing)

A. develop B. developed
C. developing D. to develop
121. His class kept ____on the book report last week.
21
A. talk B. to talk
C. talking D. talks
(keep + V-ing)
122. We couldn't see the moon because there were so many________
A. stars B. surfaces
C. clouds (my) D. atmospheres
123. That's the hall _____ the meeting will be celebrated.

A. what B. where
C. when D. that
Noun + where + S + V+ O ( l h i tr ng n i s di n ra cu c meeting)
124. I am not able to go to see Mary with you. I wish I ____ go.
A. shall B. can
C. could D. will
Cu ao c v i can could
125. Team-work helps to strengthen our ______ both at work and in life.
A. celebrations B. solidarity (s on k t)
C. spirit D. friendship
126. Paul asked a stranger ________.

A. what her name was B. what her was name
C. what was her name D. her name what was
S + asked + O+ t h i (what/ why/who..) + S + V
127. Traynor wishes Joana _____him, but she doesn't.

A. am hating B. hate
22
C. hated D. was hating

Cu ao c v i wish.
128. Johns boss would rather ______ early than late. (would rather + Vo)
A. to arriving B. arriving
C. arrive D. arrived
129. It's no good _____your father about your failure.

A. to tell B. telling (be no good + V-ing: th t v d ng)
C. tell D. told
130. Next Tuesday, he will report the draft of the Public Administration
Reform to the _____ Assembly. ( sai)
A. vacation B. tour
C. politics D. competition
131. He never goes to bed ______ he finishes his homework.

A. unless (n u khng, tr phi) B. when
C. while D. if
132. She was _____ in the garden.

A. watering (t in c) B. mending
C. practising D. playing
133. If yesterday ____ a holiday, we would have gone to our countryside.

A. was B. were
C. had been D. would be
Cu i u ki n lo i 3: If + Qa kh hon thnh, S + would have V3/ed.
23
134. The contrary of "loser" is ________.

A. seller B. winner
C. learner D. listener
T tri ngh a v i loser (ng i thua) l winner (ng i th ng)
135. My father is going to have his motor______tomorrow.
A. will repair B. will be repaired (b ng c a t ng lai n)
C. repaired D. to be repaired
136. I wish that it_____my birthday every day, but it isn't.

A. had been B. were
C. is D. has been
Cu ao c v i wish.
137. Cars, buses, and bicycles are means of ________ .

A. conversation B. transport
C. competition D. traffic
Means of transport: ph ng ti n giao thng.
138. Winners of Olympic events are ______ with medals.
A. repaired B. presented (th ng)
C. given D. taken
139. I felt asleep when I______my exercises.

A. am doing B. am being did
C. was doing D. all are correct
Hnh ng di QKTD.
24
140. The classroom is very dirty. We ______ it for three months.

A. haven't cleaned B. weren't cleaning
C. hadn't cleaned D. aren't cleaning
For 3 months Hi n t i hon thnh (HTHT)
141. Sunday is the day _____ I don't have many things to do.
A. when B. where
C. which D. that
When thay th cho the day
142. The man looks very ______. Everyone admires him.
A. succeed B. successful (thnh cng)
C. unsuccessful D. success
143. Its not worth ______ to him. He never answers letters.

A. write B. to write
C. written D. writing
(it worth + V-ing)
144. Reference books ______ on the stacks.
A. keep B. are kept (b ng hi n t i n)
C. are keeping C. is kept
145. She will take her examination next Monday, ______?

A. mustnt she B. has she
C. doesnt she D. wont she (cu h i ui)
146. The scientific library of the Institute for State organizational Sciences of
that Ministry is open to all people having membership cards______come there
for reading.
25
A. what B. who (thay th cho c m all people having

membership cards)
C. which D. whose
147. There are a few things _____ we can do.
A. that B. who
C. whom D. whose
i t quan h : That thay th cho a few things
148. They think that someone _____ the fire on purposes

A. started B. start
C. to start B.starting
149. The player ____ quickly from the fall

A. reported to be recovered
B. reported to has recovered
C. is reported to have recovered
D. is reported to have been recovered
150. The little boy put the fish in the pool and immediately it was nowhere
___.
A. to see B. saw
C. to be seeing D. to be seen
S + V + any/some/every/no_one/body/thing/where/... + to + V2 (S l ch th c a hnh
ng V2)
S + V + any/some/every/no_one/body/thing/where/... + to + be+ V2 (p2) (S l i t ng
c a hnh ng V2)
151. Up to now, Downs syndrome _________ .

A: has not been cured (B ng v i th hi n t i hon thnh v i up to now)
B: has not to be cured
C: has not cured
26
D: has not been curing
152. They do not understand what ___________.

A. he is saying B. he will say
C. he says D. he has been said
153. That machine ______ eggs.

A. is used for grading B. is used grading
C. used to grade D. is used to grading
be used for V-ing Ci my ny c dng x p tr ng)
154. I am looking for the report which ________ on the table.

A. placed. B. has been placed.
C. was placing. D. has placed
155. The cutting down of trees ______ to preven forest destruction.

A: should control
B: should be controlled (b ng c a should)
C: would controll
D: controlling
156. We can not do this. In other words, this cant be ______ .

A. done B. made
C. taken D. looked
157. My house _____ white.

A. used to paint
27
B. are used to being painted

C. used to be painted
D. used to painted
Ngi nh khng th t s n m ph i c s n -> b ng
used to V: t ng nh th no
to be/get used to V-ing: quen v i vi c g -> ch n "used to be painted"
158. Chinese ____ by more than one billion people all over the world.
A. speaks B. is speaking
C. spoken D. is spoken
Ti ng Hoa c ni b i h n 1 t ng i trn kh p th gi i.
159. The vase of roses was put _________.

A. on the table by Mary yesterday morning
B. on the table yesterday morning by Mary
C. by Mary on the table yesterday morning
D. yesterday morning on the table by Mary
Adv n i ch n + Object + Adv th i gian.
160. Computers ______ since 1940s.

A. is in used B. was used to
C. used D. have been in use
(B ng hi n t i hon thnh v i since 1940s)
161. Our plan _____ by the members of the committee.

A. considers B. considered
C. is considering D. is being considered
K ho ch ko th t xem xt b ng.
28
162. Lectures ______ on the Internet.

A. are recorded and posted
B. are recorded and post
C. are recording and posted
D. are recording and be posted
Bi gi ng C l u l i v ng ln -> b ng
Khi i t ng ch u tc ng c a 2 hnh ng: S + be 1 + V1(p2) + (be 2 = be 1) + V2 (p2)
163. Not much _____ about the resignation since he left.

A. has said B. it is said
C. had said D. has been said
B ng
164. She told the boys _____ on the grass.

A. do not play B. not playing
C. did not play D. not to play
165. The teacher told Jessey ______ .

A. to stop talking B. stop talking
C. stops talking D. stopped talking
166. The code of conducts regulate that the civil servants ______ so
impolitely.
A. didn't behave B. to behave
C. not behave D. not to behave
29
167. I ______ you everything that I am doing, and you have to do the same.
A. will tell B. would tell
C. told D. was telling
Hnh ng c quy t nh ngay th i i m ni -> will tell (th t ng lai n)
168. John said that his brother _____ at home then.

A. is B. was
C. were D. has been
then -> chuy n t now -> cu tr c ti p th hi n t i ti p di n "be" khng chia ti p di n ->
hi n t i n -> li th v qu kh n -> ch n "was" v n ph h p v i "his brother"
169. I wonder ________ .

A: where he has gone B: where has he gone
C: he has gone where D: has he gone where
t ng thu t l i cu h i c t h i S + ask/want to khow/ wonder ... + O + t h i + S2 +
V2 ( li v th qu kh t ng ng) ...
Khng li th c a ng t V2 khi cc ng t say/tell... hi n t i ( n, ti p di n, hon
thnh), cu d n tr c ti p l cu i u ki n khng c th t, ho c cu tr c ti p l 1 chn l / s
th c hi n nhin
170. Jack asked me __________ interested in football.

A: when were you born B: when had you born
C: when I had been born D: when I was born
S + asked + t h i (what/ why/) + S + V+ O.
171. _____, my father advised me.

A: You ought to work harder B: I would rather work harder
C: It is my duty to work harder D: It is worth working harder
advise: khuyn nh -> ought to
30
172. The host asked Peter ______ tea or coffee.

A. whether he preferred
B. that he preferred
C. did he preferred
D. if he prefers
173. It took me a while to get used to people ______ eat pop-corn during the
movie.
A. who B. whom
C. which D. whose
174. This is the house _____ I lived when I first came to the Netherlands
A. which B. where
C. who D. whom
175. My friend eventually decided to get divorced, _____ upset me a lot.

A. who B. why
C. that D. which
176. The reason ___ I have continuted to work in civil service is the job
security.
A. what B. why (reason (l do) -> why / for which)
C. for that D. at which
177. The house ____ I grew up has just been renovated.
A. which B. in which
C. where D. B&C are correct
178. _______ used to be the highest building in the world, is now still a
popular tourist attraction.
31
A: The Empire State Building

B: It is The Empire State Building, which
C: The Empire State Building, that
D: The Empire State Building, which
179. _______ was the first president of the United States, is a symbol of
honesty, bravery, and patriotism.
A: George Washington
B: George Washington, that
C: George Washington, who
D: That was George Washington
180. New York is a place ______ people of many different cultures live and
work together.
A: where B: that
C: which D: in that
181. I have found you the tutor ____________.
A: whom you were looking
B: for whom you were looking
C: for who you were looking
D: that you were looking
C n i t quan h ch tn ng l ng i, tr c i t quan h c th thm gi i t -> whom
looK for: tm ki m - m b o ngh a c a t th khng c b "for"
182. It was in the 1970s ______ many new rights and freedoms had been
gained.
A. when B. that It + be + N + that ...: chnh l N m...
C. that D. in which
183. She wrote __________ .

A. unusually neatly the report B. the report neatly unusually
32
C. unusually the report neatly D. the report unusually neatly

- sau ng t c n danh t lm tn ng
- adv ch mc i tr c adv ch cch th c -> the report unusually neatly
184. The people _______.

A. moves to the developed countries to make more money
B. move for the developed countries to make more money
C. move of the developed countries to make more money
D. move near the developed countries to make more money
185. _______ this kind of talent on a small-town high school baseball team.
A: Do rarely we see
B: Do we see rarely
C: Rarely do we see
D: Rarely we do see (Khi mu n nh n m nh m c (t n su t), th c hi n o ng :
Tr ng t + tr ng t + S + V...)
186. They talked ______ the book.

A. about B. for
C. of D. with
187. There is ______ the environment is more and more polluted.

A. no doubt that B. no belief that
B. undoubt D. predict
(There is no doubt: khng cn g nghi ng khi)
188. The policeman accused Mess _______ .
A. of killing a dog B. for killing a dog
C. with killing a dog D. about killing a dog.
Accuse O of V-ing
33
189. After the storm, everything possible _____ to get things back to normal.
A. is doing B. was done
C. is being done D. is done
190. _______ that blue shirt to see if it suits you.

A. test B. try on (th )
C. prove D. Probe
191. That old worker is living on his retirement ______ .

A. pension (ti n h u) B. salary
C. service D. mission
192. I want to read a book, but I forget its ______ .

A. name B. cover
C. tittle (tiu ) D. contents
193. The doctor asked me to_____my shirt.

A. put off B. take off (c i)
C. take out D. put out
194. These fishes don't taste______ to me.

A. well B. deliciously
C. freshly D. fresh (taste + adj)
195. We got John a new_______for his job interview.

A. dress B. costume
C. suit D. suite
34
196. My close friend has fine_____of stamps from all over the world.
A. magazines B. collections
C. periodicals D. cards
197. Stephen won't get married until he______30 years old.

A. isnt B. is
C. will be D. has been
198. Everyone can _______in this school activity.

A. take off B. take on
C. take part D. take
Take part in: tham gia
199. At the moment, Anne ________ a letter to her friend.
A. has been writing B. was writing
C. writes D. is writing
200. He sent a telegram to his mother ______ the good news.

A. announce B. to announce
C. announced D. announcing
To V: ch m c ch.
35
CLOZE TESTS (20)
C1. Tibet (1)______up images of a mystic land. Snow-capped mountain peaks

pierce the blue sky and fierce chilly winds sweep the rolling grasslands. Maroon-
robed Buddhist monks pray in remote monasteries and (2)_____-horsemen pound
the rugged earth. People in this high plateau perform punishing rituals like
prostrating hundreds of miles in tattered clothes on pilgrimage. Spirits, spells and
flying apparitions are (3)____ of the Tibetan world. In short, Tibet remains an
exotica. Such images are largely the result of books by Western travellers and
explorers in the last century, which helped in keeping the mystique (4)____. And
when the Communist rulers took over Tibet in the 1950s and began -(5)
____-Chinese language and culture on the people, Tibets own history started to
(6)in the background. Thus, the only books available in English to Tsering
Wangmo Dhompa as a young girl growing (7)____ in India and Nepal as a
refugee- (8)______those written by Westerners, and so she came to view the
country as a forbidden land, a place where fantasy and fable collaborated (9)____
a dramatic backdrop of mountains, black magic and (10)____ with strange
customs and appearances.
(1) . A. conjures B. makes C. puts D. toil

(2). A. sturdy B. wobbly C. handsome D. herculean.
(3) A. section B. part C. hands D. voice
(4) A. asleep B. lively C. alive D. fresh
36
(5) A. implementing B. evading C. imposing D. experimenting.

(6) A. amplify B. stretch C. die D. recede.
(7) A. on B. up C. down D. by
(8) A. are B. have been C. was D. were
(9) A. with B. from C. against D. of
(10)A. people B. animals C. person D. citizens
C2. Many people believe high heels (1)______ women look good. So much so, it
(2)_______ that the organisers of the Cannes Film Festival reportedly barred
women in flat shoes from walking the red carpet. But all this glam comes at a cost:
wearing heels over 10cm (3)______ can damage your ankles. A study by Hanseo
University in South Korea suggests that continuous (4)_______ exposes women
to the risk of strains, and makes them prone to losing their balance. A total of 40
women who wear high heels at least three times a week took part in the study. The
strength of their ankles (5)______ measured regularly: researchers found that two
(6)______ the four main muscles became dominant after a period of between one
and three years. This created (7)______ imbalance in their feet. Dr Yong-Seok
Jee from Hanseo University said that the habit of wearing heels (8)_______ result
in deformed feet, back pain and unhealthy (9)______ patterns. He recommends
that women limit the use of these kinds of shoes and (10)______ their ankle
muscles properly.
(1) A. makes B. make C. made D. making

(2) A. seems B. appears C. looks D. been
(3) A. long B. high C. wide D. broad
(4) A. wear B. worn C. wears D. wearing
(5) A. is B. were C. was D. are
(6) A. on B. in C. of D. with
(7) A. a B. an C. the D. any
37
(8) A. can B. may C. need D. must

(9) A. walks B. walked C. walk D. walking
(10)A. exercise B. walk C. move D. put
C3. Educational planning (1)______to research, develop, implement and advance

policies, programs and reforms within educational institutions. Educational
planners might (2)_______ at the local, national or international level to advance
or improve education. While educational (3)________ might center on pre-school
and K-12 education, you could also work (4)______ postsecondary education as
well. As an educational planner, you could work within educational institutions,
government agencies, and private or not-for-profit (5)_______. Educational
planners typically (6)_______ graduate degrees. You might also consider
becoming a licensed teacher or (7)______ additional degrees in education.
Administrators within schools or districts (8)_______ commonly involved in
educational planning. Educational planning should aim at meeting the educational
needs of the entire population of all age groups. While the traditional structure of
education as (9)________ three-layer-hierarchy from the primary stage to the
university represents the core, we should not overlook the periphery, which is
equally important under modern conditions. Educational planning, in
(10)_______ words, should take care of the needs of everyone.
(1) A. strives B. strived C. strive D. striving

(2) A. works B. work C. worked D. working
(3) A. plans B. plan C. planning D. all plans
(4) A. in B. at C. on D. of
(5) A. institutions B. businesses C. companies D. organizations
(6) A. held B. holding C. to hold D. hold
(7) A. money B. earning C. savings D. cash
(8) A. is B. were C. are D. has
(9) A. a B. an C. the D. any
(10)A. our B. these C. their D. those
38
C4. Could a human have a ____(1)___ relationship with a robot? Perhaps the
question is not as ludicrous as it first sounds. You probably (2)______ that silicon
and circuits dont do it for you, but they are already part of us. Scientists can use
(3)_____ chips to repair broken connections in the brain or to allow a man who
was paralysed after an accident to play Guitar Hero with his thoughts. In fact,
(4)_____ machines play an increasingly personal role in our daily lives. We
extend a sense of self into our (5)______, and we develop a feeling of attachment
for the object. Soon, neural implants will offer the chance to (6)______ our
memories, thinking and sensory experiences. This will have (7)______ in what
people feel, even in shaping the (8)______ of the user. Gradually, and without
realising (9)________, we are experiencing not just a merging of body and
bionics, but (10)_______of mind and machine.
(1) A. lovely B. romantic C. close D. open

(2) A. think B. believe C. assume D. predict
(3) A. personal B. electronic C. computer D. automatic
(4) A. stupid B. modern C. intelligent D. lucky
(5) A. telephones B. laptops C. radios D. smartphones
(6) A. improved B. improving C. improves D. improve
(7) A. consequences B. results C. reasons D. disadvantages
(8) A. apperances B. personality C. face D. eyes
(9) A. it B. them C. him D. her
(10)A. only B. could C. to D. also
C5. (1)______ is what you use to buy things. You may (2)______ money from
completing household chores, getting good grades, for your allowance, or for
losing a tooth. Money is very important in our world and (3)_____ in many
39
different forms. People have been using money for hundreds of years. Before
money gave specific values for things, people simply traded items. In the United
States, we use the (4)______ as our currency or money, but people in different
parts of the world use different (5)______, though some countries also use or
accept our dollars. People earn money from the (6)______ they work and use that
money to save for the future or pay for their houses, cars, good, taxes, medical
needs, and (7)_______ items, among (8)_____ things. Even things such (9)_____
turning the lights on, using the air conditioning or (10)_______, and connecting
to the internet cost money.
(1) A. food B. gold C. money D. stamps

(2) A. do B. earn C. produce D. buy
(3) A. come B. coming C. came D. comes
(4) A. dollars B. money C. cash D. cheques
(5) A. currencies B. forms C. parts D. units
(6) A. work B. jobs C. profession D. career
(7) A. household B. public C. civil D. domestic
(8) A. another B. only C. other D. conditional
(9) A. like B. as C. much D. that
(10) A. house B. device C. host D. heat
C6. Banks are (1)______ where people can keep their money. Most people use
banks to save money in their savings (2)______ and to pay money from their
checking accounts. Today, when a person earns money from their (3)_____, their
paycheck is often electronically deposited (put) into their savings or checking
account. Then, he or she can pay their bills by (4)______ checks from their
checking accounts or pay online where their bills are electronically connected to
(5)______bank accounts. Banks also give loans to people. Banks use the money
that their customers deposit (6)______ lend to people to buy new houses, cars, or
to start businesses among other reasons. The bank (7)_____ money from lending
by charging interest. In other words, people have to pay back more than they
40
(8)______. This amount depends on how risky (9)_____ bank thinks the borrower
is and how fast the (10)_____ is paid back among other things.
(1) A. place B. places C. site D. position

(2) A. accounts B. money C. income D. cash
(3) A. checks B. checked C. checking D. check
(4) A. writing B. listening C. reading D. speaking
(5) A. our B. these C. those D. their
(6) A. into B. for C. to D. so that
(7) A. make B. made C. making D. makes
(8) A. borrow B. borrowed C. borrowing D. borrows
(9) A. a B. an C. the D. some
(10 A. lend B. loan C. borrow D. hire
C7. Hummingbirds are amazing little (1)_____. They are the smallest of all birds
and weigh less than (2)_____ a penny. The bee hummingbird, at barely more than
two inches long, is the (3)_____ bird in the world. Unlike most birds,
hummingbirds (4)_____ iridescent feathers. Iridescent feathers glitter and shine
in the sun. Hummingbirds are often dazzling combinations of greens and reds or
greens and blues. Others are violet, orange, golden, silver or other combinations
only Mother Nature could dream (5)_____. All hummingbirds have long bills to
insert into flowers. Some hummingbirds have special bills to fit into specific
flowers. Hummingbirds are the (6)_____ birds that can fly backwards.
Hummingbirds are also unique among bird species in that they (7)_____nectar
from flowers. You can attract hummingbirds to (8)______ yard with special
feeders that are filled with (9)_____ water. These feeders are usually bright red in
color because hummingbirds are attracted to (10)_____.
(1) A. birds B. animals C. mammals D. reptiles
41
(2) A. much B. even C. only D. also

(3) A. smallest B. smaller C. more smallest D. the smaller
(4) A. has B. are C. have D. is
(5) A. out B. of C. about D. up
(6) A. very B. only C. even D. much
(7) A. suck B. drink C. eat D. bite
(8) A. you B. me C. them D. your
(9) A. salt B. sweet C. sugar D. soft
(10) A. red B. yellow C. pink D. blue
C8. The Amazon is the world's largest tropical (1)_____. It covers an area of
nearly 2.8 million square miles, which is nearly the size of the (1)_____ of
Australia. The Amazon Rainforest gets its life from the majestic Amazon River,
the world's second (3)_____ river, which runs directly through the heart of the
region. The rainforest itself is simply the drainage basin for the river and its many
tributaries. The vast forest (4)_____consists of four layers, each featuring its own
ecosystems and specially adapted (5)_____ and animals. The forest floor is the
lowest region. Since only two (6)_____ of the sunlight filters through the top
layers to the understory, very few plants grow here. The forest (7)_____, however,
is rich with rotting vegetation and the bodies of (8)_____ organisms, which are
quickly broken down (9)_____ nutrients integrated into the soil. Tree roots stay
close to these (10)_____ nutrients and decomposers, such as millipedes and
earthworms, use these nutrients for food.
(1) A. forest B. river C. rainforest D. field

(2) A. continent B. county C. country D. planet
(3) A. longest B. largest C. widest D. highest
(4) A. themselves B. itself C. them D. it
(5) A. flowers B. fish C. vegetables D. plants
(6) A. percent B. percentage C. rate D. proportion
42
(7) A. floor B. ground C. basement D. ceiling

(8) A. died B. death C. dead D. fatal
(9) A. on B. into C. under D. above
(10) A. rich B. full C. available D. various
C9. Dolphins are marine mammals that are related to whales and porpoises. A
marine mammal is one that lives in the (1)_____. Dolphins are found all over the
worlds oceans as well (2)_____ in rivers and marshes. Dolphins are carnivores,
meat eaters, and (3)_____on fish, squid, and other marine life. They often swim
together in groups called pods. They are thought to have powerful eyesight and
hearing, but do (4)_____ have a sense of smell. Dolphins come in different sizes.
Some are smaller than the average person, but others, such as the orca, can be 30
feet (5)_____, or more than five times as long as the average person. Dolphins are
thought to be very (6)_____t and communicate with each other using clicks and
whistles. All dolphins are powerful (7)_____. Have you ever (8)_____ (9)_____
dolphin? Groups of dolphins can often be seen bobbing in and (10)_____ of waves
close to the shoreline.
(1) A. sea B. ocean C. water D. surface

(2) A. like B. such C. only D. as
(3) A. feed B. eat C. raise D. grow
(4) A. no B. much C. only D. not
(5) A. high B. long C. deep D. wide
(6) A. stupid B. slow C. handsome D. intelligent
(7) A. hunters B. swimmers C. players D. animals
(8) A. seen B. looked C. taken D. come
(9) A. the B. a C. an D. several
(10) A. under B. above C. out D. of
C10. Did you know that spiders are (1)_____ insects? They are actually called
arachnids, a group of animals related to insects that have eight (2)_____ and that
have venom. There are many different kinds of spiders. They live all over the
43
world and can be (3)_____ in just about every habitat. Most like (4)_____ places,
(5)_____ may include your home, closets, or basement. Spiders are very
interesting. Some spin silk webs to (6)_____ and eat prey, while others attack
their prey. Some spiders, like tarantulas, are large enough to eat lizards and mice!
Many people are afraid (7)_____ spiders because they bite. Most spiders,
however, will only bite (8)_____they think they are danger and most are harmless.
Spiders are (9)_____ helpful to people (10)_____ many eat insect pests like
cockroaches and mosquitoes.
(1) A. no B. an C. not D. very

(2) A. feet B. legs C. raws D. hands
(3) A. find B. founded C. founding D. found
(4) A. dark B. bright C. foggy D. sunny
(5) A. that B. which C. who D. whom
(6) A. kill B. touch C. catch D. seek
(7) A. for B. of C. with D. about
(8) A. if B. unless C. when D. whereas
(9) A. very B. too C. much D. actually
(10) A. because B. however C. although D. but
C11. The French and Indian War, also known (1)_____ the Seven Years War,
began in the Spring on 1754. The dispute arose over the presence of British and
French settlers in the Ohio River (2)_____ in and around present day Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, but resulted (3)_____ battles that were fought far from there. Both
the French and English wanted exclusive rights (4)_____ the area because of its
economic potential and plethora of fur-bearing wildlife. Despite attempts in
Europe to solve the territory battle diplomatically, no compromise (5)_____ be
made. French settlers began building forts (6)_____ the Ohio River to protect the
land from the British. Meanwhile, Robert Dinwiddie, lieutenant governor of
Virginia, had begun issuing land-grants (7)_____ the region for (8)_____ of his
colony. French and British military forces were (9)_____ authorized by their
respective governments to take the necessary measures to (10)_____ the other.
(1) A. as B. like C. for D. with

(2) A. moutain B. valley C. waterfall D. rock
44
(3) A. from B. by C. in D. at
(4) A. next B. under C. to D. for
(5) A. could B. would C. can D. may
(6) A. side B. next C. near D. along
(7) A. at B. from C. in D. of
(8) A. members B. person C. teams D. groups
(9) A. most B. both C. either D. almost
(10) A. release B. remove C. distract D. disclose
C12. Siem Reap is a small town near the world famous (1)______ of Angkor Wat.
The town is charming and worth exploring, with some fine examples of Khmer
and French colonial architecture set among the more modern developments.
Nowadays, visitors (2)______ flocking in, using it as a base for visits to the nearby
temples. From the 9th to the 14th centuries, when Europe was still (3)_____ out
of the Dark Ages, the Cambodian Empire of Angkor covered most of present-day
Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand. The heart of (4)________ empire during
the 12th century was the ancient capital of Angkor Thom, near present day Siem
Reap, the site of the worlds largest temple complexes, which were rediscovered
(5)______ 1861. This spectacular city was (6)________ over 30 years under the
reign of King Suryavarman II (1113-1150). The area covers about 400 square
kilometres and is full of the finest examples of Khmer art and architecture.
Tourists are always amazed (7)_______ the scale of the place. In Angkor Wat you
will find more than 100 stone monuments (8)________ temple buildings, each of
which contains countless statues, sculptures and reliefs that have weathered
extremely little over (9)__________ last 800 years. To see the whole thing can
take several days. The most important temples to visit in the area are Angkor Wat,
especially at sunrise or sunset; Angkor Thom, the (10______ of the capital; Ta
Prohm, a palace overgrown by jungle; and Bayon.
(1) A. pogoda B. temple C. church D. shrine

(2) A. are B. is C. were D. was
(3) A. struggling B. fighting C. trying D. supporting
45
(4) A. that B. this C. these D. those

(5) A. at B. in C. from D. of
(6) A. built B. build C. to build D. building
(7) A. in B. from C. at D. under
(8) A. or B. both C. and D. but
(9) A. a B. some C. any D. the
(10) A. remain B. remains C. remaining D. remained
C13. The Battle of Lake George was fought on September 8, 1755. British forces
of 1,500 soldiers and 200 Mohawk Indians (1)_____ the command of William
Johnson defeated (2)_____ much larger allied French and Indian force of 3,500
under German General Baron Dieskau. The battle (3)_____ when French and
Indian forces ambushed a group of Massachusetts and Connecticut regiments on
(4)_____ road between Lake George and Ft. Edward. Although the regiments
were pushed back, they were able to (5)_____ off French and Indian assaults on
their base camp. Meanwhile, New Hampshire and New York regiments were sent
from Fort Edward to reinforce the (6)_____regiments. On the way, these
regiments seized a French baggage train along with critical supplies. An
astonished General Dieskau (7)_____also captured, and the French and Indian
troops (8)_____ scattered away from (9)_____ main battle. The events of the
battle of Fort William Henry were depicted in the famous novel (10)_____ James
Fenimore Cooper, The Last of the Mohicans.
(1) A. above B. under C. from D. in

(2) A. an B. a C. the D. some
(3) A. starts B. starting C. started D. to start
(4) A. an B. the C. a D. some
(5) A. hold B. held C. holding D. to hold
(6) A. other B. another C. others D. the other
(7) A. were B. is C. are D. was
(8) A. was B. is C. were D. are
46
(9) A. the B. some C. any D. a

(10) A. from B. in C. under D. by
C14. George Washington (1)_____ born on February 22, 1732 in Westmoreland

County, Virginia, although he grew up near Fredericksburg. In his childhood and
adolescence, he studied math and surveying. When he (2)_____ 16, he went to
live with his brother Lawrence in Mount Vernon. George was scarred with
Smallpox before the age of 20, (3)_____ inherited his brothers land, including
Mt. Vernon, when he died in 1752. Washingtons military career began in 1753,
when he was sent into Ohio country during the French and Indian War to protect
British interests in the area. (4)_____ 1754, he battled the French and was forced
to (5)_____r Fort Necessity, near present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He
continued (6)_____ an officer in Ohio country, and served (7)_____ the British
general Edward Braddock when their army was ambushed by the French in 1755.
Once again, Washington tasted defeat (8)_____ their surrender of Fort Duquesne
to French forces. Luckily for the future United States, the French agreed (9)_____
release him rather than keep him as a prisoner. He helped (10)_____ Fort
Duquesne back in 1758.
(1) A. is B. were C. was D. are

(2) A. was B. is C. are D. were
(3) A. and B. but C. or D. however
(4) A. At B. in C. of D. before
(5) A. surrender B. disclose C. release D. defense
(6) A. like B. even C. only D. as
(7) A. above B. below C. under D. with
(8) A. before B. after C. for D. since
(9) A. with B. of C. under D. to
47
(10) A. takes B. took C. take D. taking
C15. The Age of Exploration started in the 1400's. Europeans were desperate
(1)_____get spices from Asia. Spices were used to preserve foods and keep them
from spoiling. Spices, however, (2)_____ expensive and dangerous (3)_____ get.
Traders had to travel parts of the dangerous Silk Road, a land route from Europe
to Asia to get them. Because the Silk Road was frequently closed (4)_____ to
various wars, European rulers (5)_____ to pay for explorations to find a sea route
to Asia so they could get spices more easily and for cheaper. Portugal was the first
European country that sent explorers to search for the (6)_____ route to Asia.
Prince Henry the Navigator started a school of navigation and financed the first
voyages to the west coast (7)_____ Africa. In the 1400's, however, sailors were
afraid of sea monsters and boiling hot water at the Equator, so progress was slow.
After Bartholomew Dias and his crew (8)_____it to Africa's Cape (9)_____ Good
Hope, Vasco da Gama and his crew became the first to sail (10)_____ Africa and
through the Indian Ocean to India.
(1) A. with B. about C. by D. to

(2) A. are B. is C. were D. was
(3) A. for B. to C. with D. of
(4) A. thanks B. solution C. due D. need
(5) A. begin B. began C. begins D. beginning
(6) A. way B. shortcut C. water D. sea
(7) A. of B. in C. on D. near
(8) A. made B. makes C. make D. making
(9) A. in B. for C. to D. of
(10) A. along B. around C. beside D. aside
48
C16. The Dallas Cowboys have been an NFL team (1)_____ 1960. They are one
of two teams that play professional football (2)_____ the state of Texas. It took
the Cowboys eleven years before they (3)_____ the Super Bowl, the NFL
championship game. They (4)_____ that game to the Baltimore Colts by a score
of 16 to 13. The Cowboys soon got much better! In the 1970s, they played in five
Super Bowls and won two of them. After they defeated the Denver Broncos in
Super Bowl 12, people (5)_____ calling them Americas Team. Although the
Cowboys failed to make any Super Bowls in the 1980s, they played in three Super
Bowls in the 1990s and won all three of them, including two in a row (6)_____
the Buffalo Bills and one against their big rival, the Pittsburgh Steelers. It was
during this time, (7)_____ Quarterback Troy Aikman, Running Back Emmitt
Smith and Wide Receiver Michael Irvin all became big stars. All three would
eventually (8)_____ members of the Pro Football Hall-of-Fame. The Cowboys
won their last Super Bowl (9)_____ 1995 and havent made it back since. That
hasnt discouraged owner Jerry Jones from spending big bucks, though. In 2009,
Cowboys Stadium opened. It can hold over 110,000 people, making it the
(10)_____domed stadium in the world. It cost over one billion dollars to build.
(1) A. for B. before C. next D. since

(2) A. at B. of C. in D. by
(3) A. make B. made C. making D. makes
(4) A. win B. lost C. lose D. won
(5) A. started B. decided C. expected D. helped
(6) A. about B. for C. against D. under
(7) A. who B. when C. that D. whom
(8) A. help B. assist C. punish D. become
(9) A. in B. at C. over D. next
(10) A. largest B. highest C. smallest D. biggest
C17. In 1274, Italian explorers Marco (1)_____ Niccolo Polo set out on a 24 year
(2)_____ in which they traveled the famous Silk Road from Italy, through brutal
deserts and towering mountains (3)_____ eastern China. They (4)_____ over
4,000 miles in all. Marco and Niccolo were among the very first Europeans to
explore the fabled empire of China. In China, Marco Polo even worked for ruler
Kublai Khan. Polo (5)_____ his experiences and findings in China by writing a
49
book. Polo described materials and inventions never before (6)_____ in Europe.
Paper money, a printing press, porcelain, gunpowder and coal were among the
products he wrote about. He also described the vast wealth of Kublai Khan, as
well (7)_____ the geography of northern and southern China. European rulers
were very interested (8)_____ the products Polo described. However, trading for
them along the Silk (9)_____ was dangerous, expensive and impractical.
European rulers began to wonder if there was a sea route to the east to get the
products they wanted at a reasonable (10)_____.
(1) A. or B. and C. both D. either

(2) A. trip B. journey C. vacation D. tour
(3) A. to B. for C. above D. beside
(4) A. visited B. went C. travelled D. walked
(5) A. detailed B. details C. detailing D. detail
(6) A. see B. saw C. seeing D. seen
(7) A. like B. or C. and D. as
(8) A. at B. on C. in D. before
(9) A. way B. street C. route D. road
(10) A. means B. tool C. price D. way
C18. Rainbows are often (1)_____ when the sun comes out after or during a
rainstorm. Rainbows are caused when sunlight shines through drops of (2)_____
in the sky at specific angles. When white sunlight enters a raindrop, it exits the
raindrop a different (3)_____. When light exits lots of different raindrops at
different angles, it produces the red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet
that you see in a rainbow. Together, these (4)_____are known as the spectrum.
These colors can sometimes be seen in waterfalls and fountains as well. Did you
know that there are double rainbows? In a double (5)_____, light reflects twice
inside water droplets and forms two arcs. In most double rainbows, the colors of
the top arc are opposite from (6)_____ in the bottom arc. In (7)_____ words, the
order of colors starts with purple on top and ends with the red on bottom. In
addition, rainbows sometimes appear as white arcs (8)_____ night. These
rainbows are called moonbows and are so rare that very (9)_____ people will ever
see one. Moonbows are (10)_____ by moonlight (rather than sunlight) shining
through drops of water.
50
(1) A. seen B. looked C. observed D. watched

(2) A. sea B. water C. liquid D. beer
(3) A. way B. color C. shape D. heigh
(4) A. forms B. ways C. colors D. manners
(5) A. light B. water C. age D. rainbow
(6) A. that B. these C. this D. those
(7) A. others B. the other C. other D. another
(8) A. in B. over C. at D. by
(9) A. many B. few C. quite D. much
(10) A. caused B. lost C. disappeared D. wanted
C19. Butterflies are (1)_____ of the most interesting insects on the planet Earth.
There are more than seventeen thousand different (2)_____ of butterflies.
Butterflies come in all shapes and sizes. Butterflies go through four main stages
of life. The first stage is the egg stage followed by the larva stage. As a larva, or
caterpillar, the future butterfly (3)_____ as much as possible. As it grows, it sheds
it outer skin, or exoskeleton. This (4)_____ happen four or five times. After a few
weeks, the caterpillar enters the next stage of its life, the chrysalis stage. In the
chrysalis, the caterpillar will liquefy (5)_____ a soup of living cells. Then, it will
reorganize into a butterfly and the metamorphosis is complete. In later parts of the
chrysalis stage, you (6)_____ see the forming butterfly through the chrysalis.
When the butterfly emerges from the chrysalis, it pumps its (7)_____ to send
blood through them so that (8)_____ can fly. (9)_____butterflies only live a
couple of weeks, just enough time to drink flower nectar and to mate. Some, like
the Monarch Butterfly, (10)_____, may live many months.
(1) A. many B. most C. some D. few

(2) A. ways B. kinds C. colors D. ages
(3) A. drink B. enjoys C. eats D. loses
(4) A. can B. should C. must D. may
51
(5) A. of B. about C. into D. under

(6) A. can B. may C. need D. ought to
(7) A. beard B. raw C. teeth D. wings
(8) A. them B. it C. itself D. themselves
(9) A. almost B. some C. many D. most
(10) A. however B. although C. because D. besides
C20. Raisins are (1)_____ grapes that have been eaten for thousands of years.
Nearly 3,500 years ago, the first raisins were discovered as grapes that
(2)_____drying in the sun on a vine. In medieval Europe, raisins were used as
sweeteners, medicine, and even as a form (3)_____money. In America, raisins
were first grown after an 1873 heat wave in California destroyed its valuable grape
crop, leaving only dried, wrinkly, but tasty grapes on the vines. Soon, farmers
(4)_____ developing seedless grapes in California that were thin-skinned and
sweet. These grapes (5)_____ purposely dried in the sun and became the popular
dark raisin we eat and enjoy today. Later, a golden (6)_____of raisin was made
by treating grapes with a chemical (7)_____ sulfur dioxide and using special
methods to dry them. Today, central California (8)_____ the center of the worlds
raisin industry, (9)_____ nearly 95 percent of the worlds raisins. Its green valleys,
sunny climate, and hot temperatures provide the perfect conditions for grapes
(10)_____are dried into raisins.
(1) A. drying B. dried C. dry D. dries

(2) A. was B. are C. were D. is
(3) A. under B. in C. out D. of
(4) A. began B. enjoyed C. hoped D. expected
(5) A. will be B. would be C. should be D. must be
(6) A. range B. variety C. number D. size
(7) A. called B. calling C. calls D. to call
(8) A. remains B. keeps C. puts D. makes
(9) A. making B. getting C. producing D. hoping
(10) A. who B. when C. whom D. that
52
READING COMPREHENSION (20)
C1.Ant colonies have their own personalities, which are shaped by the
environment, a US study suggests. Colonies of several hundred ants show
differences in the way they behave, just like individual people do. The study is
published in the journal 'Proceedings of the Royal Society B'.According to
ecologists, having a personality means showing a consistent pattern of behaviour
over time. Researchers from the University of Arizona studied colonies of rock
ants across the western US, both by following them in the wild and by taking
whole colonies back to the lab.They found that certain risky behaviours, like
foraging widely for food and responding aggressively to a threat, went together,
and colonies further north tended to take more of these risks. The study suggests
those more adventurous personalities could be an adaptation to the limited
window of activity left by the long, snowy northern winter.
*Voc
- Ant colony (n): n ki n, t ki n.
- personality (n): tnh cch, c i m
- ecologist (n): nh sinh thi h c.
- consistent (adj): dai d ng, lin min.
- in the wild: trong mi tr ng t nhin.
- forage (v): l c l i
- adventurous (adj): m o hi m, li u l nh.
Bi d ch tham kh o:
Cc t ki n c t p tnh ring c a chng, do mi tr ng quy t nh, theo m t

nghin c u c a M . Cc t p on c a hng tr m con ki n cho th y s khc bi t
trong cch hnh x c a chng, c ng gi ng nh nh ng ng i c l p. Nghin c u
c ng trong t p ch 'K y u c a Hong gia B'.Theo cc nh sinh thi h c, c
m t t p tnh th hi n m t m hnh hnh vi nh t qun theo th i gian. Cc nh
nghin c u thu c i h c Arizona nghin c u cc n ki n mi n ty n c
53
M , b ng cch i theo chng trong mi tr ng hoang d v h a cc t ki n tr

l i phng th nghi m. H pht hi n ra r ng nh ng hnh vi nguy hi m nh t nh,
nh l c l i tm ki m th c n v ph n ng d d i v i m i e d a lun i cng
nhau, v cc t ki n xa h n v pha b c c khuynh h ng ch p nh n nhi u r i ro
h n. Nghin c u cho th y nh ng t p tnh li u l nh c th l m t s thch nghi v i
c a s gi i h n ho t ng do ma ng l nh, ko di.
C2.Scotland has voted to stay in the United Kingdom. Around 85% of voters
turned out to vote in the referendum. A total of 2,001,926 people voted 'No' to
independence, whilst 1,617,989 voted 'Yes'. It's been history in the making. The
people of Scotland have decided to continue their 300-year union with England.
So the UK survives. Pro-independence campaigners say they're disappointed, but
insist the high turnout shows there's an appetite for change. Few would disagree,
and accept the result doesn't mean Britain goes back to business as usual. In the
hours and days ahead, the Prime Minister David Cameron and the other party
leaders will now have to deliver on their promise in the last days of the campaign
to give Scotland more powers. And no-one believes that can be done without a
wider shake-up of how the rest of the UK is governed.
Voc:
- vote (v): b phi u.
- referendum (n): tr ng c u dn .
- appetite (n): s thm mu n, thm n.
- shake-up (n): s rung chuy n.
D ch tham kh o.
Scotland b phi u l i V ng qu c Anh. C kho ng 85% s c tri tham
gia b phi u trong cu c tr ng c u dn . T ng s 2.001.926 ng i c b u ch n
l 'Khng' i v i c l p, trong khi c 1.617.989 phi u bnh ch n l 'C'. i u
ny nh d u s ki n l ch s . Ng i dn Scotland quy t nh ti p t c cng
on 300 n m v i n c Anh. V v y, Anh t n t i. Cc nh v n ng ng h c
l p ni r ng h th t v ng, nh ng nh n m nh r ng cc c tri c p cao cho th y kht
khao thay i. R t t ng i s khng ng , v ch p nh n k t qu khng c ngh a
l Anh tr l i kinh doanh nh th ng l . Trong nh ng gi v nh ng ngy ti p
theo, Th t ng David Cameron v cc nh lnh o ng khc s ph i th c hi n
l i h a c a h trong nh ng ngy cu i cng c a chi n d ch cho php Scotland
54
c nhi u quy n h n h n. V khng ai tin r ng i u ny c th th c hi n c m

khng c m t s chuy n ng m nh m h n t vi c i u hnh nh n c c a
V ng qu c Anh.
C3. Walking or cycling to work instead of driving a car can improve people's
feelings of health and happiness. That's what a study at the University of East
Anglia in the UK suggests. For many people commuting is a necessary evil. Most
see going by car or van as the 'least worst' option. This study by the researchers at
the University of East Anglia challenges that assumption. It suggests walking,
cycling or travelling by public transport can lift the mood. Crucially, it suggests
those who switch from the car to an active commute feel better across a range of
psychological measures, including concentration, decision making and the ability
to face up to problems. The researchers say policies encouraging people to leave
their cars at home could have a dramatic impact on public wellbeing.
*Voc:
- wellbeing: phc l i.
- psychological (adj): thu c tm l.
- dramatic (adj): nhanh chng, b t ng .
D ch tham kh o
i b ho c p xe lm vi c thay v li xe c th c i thi n tnh tr ng s c kho
v h nh phc c a m i ng i. l nh ng g m m t cu c nghin c u t i i h c
East Anglia Anh xu t. i v i nhi u ng i i lm b ng xe l c c ch ng .
H u h t h coi vi c i lm b ng xe h i ho c xe t i nh l l a ch n 't nh t t i t
nh t'. Nghin c u ny c a cc nh nghin c u thu c tr ng i h c East Anglia
thch th c gi thuy t ny. i u ny cho th y i b , i xe p ho c i du l ch
b ng ph ng ti n giao thng cng c ng c th c i thi n tm tr ng. Quan tr ng
h n, cu c nghin c u cho th y nh ng ng i chuy n sang i lm b ng xe ring
sang i xe cng c ng, h c m th y t t h n thng qua m t lo t cc bi n php tm
l, bao g m s t p trung, s quy t nh v kh n ng i m t v i nh ng v n .
55
Cc nh nghin c u cho bi t cc chnh sch khuy n khch m i ng i b xe t

nh c th c tc ng ng k n phc l i cng c ng.
C4. The Earth's protective ozone layer is starting to repair itself, according to a
panel of United Nations scientists. The main reason behind its recovery, they say,
is the fact that certain chemicals, such as those used in aerosol cans, were
gradually banned in the 1980s. It was in the 1980s that many of us became aware
that small individual actions could harm the planet itself. Hairsprays were cited
as one of the causes of the hole in the Antarctic ozone layer. People were told to
wear sunscreen to avoid skin cancer as the layer thinned and more UV light got
through.By 1987 world governments had agreed to ban most of the ozone-eating
chemicals.The World Meteorological Organisation say at last the ozone layer is
showing signs of thickening, although it will be a while before they know if the
hole is actually healing.The same organisation warned earlier this week that
climate change was heading in the opposite direction with greenhouse gases in
the atmosphere at a record level.
*Voc:
- layer (n): t ng, l p.
- chemicals (n): ha ch t.
- greenhouse (n) hi u ng nh knh.
- meteorological (adj): thu c kh t ng.
*Bi d ch tham kh o.
L p ozon b o v Tri t ang b t u t s a ch a, theo m t nhm cc nh khoa

h c Lin h p qu c. Nguyn nhn chnh ng sau s ph c h i c a chng, l cc
ha ch t nh t nh, nh nh ng ch t c s d ng trong bnh x t aerosol, b c m
d n vo nh ng n m 1980. Vo nh ng n m 1980, nhi u ng i trong chng ta
nh n th c c r ng nh ng hnh ng c nhn nh c th gy h i cho chnh hnh
tinh ny. Keo x t tc c coi l m t trong nh ng nguyn nhn gy ra l h ng
trong t ng ozon Nam C c. Ng i ta b o ph i dng kem ch ng n ng trnh
ung th da khi l p ozone tr nn m ng d n v nhi u tia c c tm xu t hi n. Chnh
ph cc n c trn th gi i vo n m 1987 ng c m h u h t cc ha ch t n
mn l p ozone. T ch c Kh t ng Th gi i cho hay cu i cng l p ozone ang
c d u hi u dy ln, m c d s l m t kho ng th i gian di tr c khi h bi t li u
56
l h ng th c s c lnh khng. Cc t ch c c nh bo vo u tu n r ng bi n
i kh h u ang h ng ng c l i v i kh th i nh knh trong kh quy n m c k
l c.
C5. You can live without air conditioning and indoor plumbing, but there are
some true necessities of life. You can't survive for long without food, water, sleep,
or air. Survival experts apply the rule of threes to lasting without essentials. You
can go about three weeks without food, three days without water, three hours
without shelter, and three minutes without air. However, the rules are more like
general guidelines. Obviously, you can last a lot longer outside when it's warm
than when it's freezing. Similarly, you can last longer without water when it's
humid and cool than when it's hot and dry.The technical name for starvation is
inanition. It is extreme malnutrition and calorie deficiency. A starving person is
less sensitive to thirst, so sometimes death is from the effects of dehydration.
Vitamin deficiency may also lead to death. If a person lasts long enough, the body
starts using protein from muscles, including the heart, as an energy source.
Usually, the cause of death is cardiac arrest from tissue damage and electrolyte
imbalance.
*Voc:
- humid (n): s m t.
- inanition (n): s i l .
- deficiency (n): s thi u h t.
- cardiac arrest (n): tnh tr ng tim ng ng p.
- muscle (n): c b p.
- sensitive (adj): nh y c m.
- electrolyte imbalance: s m t cn b ng i n gi i.
Bi d ch tham kh o.
B n c th s ng m khng c i u ha khng kh v h th ng ng n c trong nh,
nh ng ph i c m t s v t d ng thi t y u khc cu c s ng. B n khng th t n t i
lu n u khng c th c n, n c u ng, ng ngh , ho c khng kh. Cc chuyn gia
sinh t n p d ng 'quy t c s 3 t n t i m khng c n nhu y u ph m. B n c th
t n t i kho ng ba tu n n u khng c th c n, ba ngy khng c n c, ba ti ng
ng h m khng c n i tr n, v ba pht m khng c khng kh. Tuy nhin,
57
'cc quy t c' gi ng nh cc l i h ng d n chung chung. Hi n nhin, b n c th

s ng lu h n ngoi tr i nhi t m h n so v i nhi t l nh. T ng t , b n
c th sinh t n lu h n m khng c n n c khi tr i m v mt m h n khi tr i
nng v kh. Tn khoa kh c c a n n i l s i l . l tnh tr ng suy dinh
d ng v thi u calorie. M t ng i i kht t nh y c m v i kht n c, do i
khi ci ch t l do nh h ng c a m t n c. Thi u vitamin c ng c th d n n t
vong. N u m t ng i ko di sinh s ng lu, c th s b t u s d ng protein
t c , bao g m c tim, nh m t ngu n n ng l ng. Thng th ng, nguyn nhn
gy t vong l tnh tr ng tim ng ng p do t n th ng m v s m t cn b ng
i n gi i.
#####
C6. Water is an essential molecule for life. Depending on your age, gender, and
weight, you consist of around 50-65% water, which is used to digest food, carry
oxygen and nutrients through the bloodstream, remove wastes, and cushion
organs. Since water is so critical, it should come as no surprise that dying from
dehydration is an unpleasant way to go. Oh, in the end, a victim is unconscious,
so the actual dying part isn't so bad, but that only occurs after days of pain and
misery.Lack of water causes cracked skin and a dry, raspy cough. Coughing won't
be the worst, though. While you might be out of fluids, that won't prevent
vomiting. The increased acidity of the stomach can produce dry heaves. Blood
thickens, increasing heart rate. Another unpleasant result of dehydration is a
swollen tongue. While your tongue swells, your eyes and brain shrink. As the
brain shrinks, the membrane or meninges pulls away from the bones of the skull,
potentially tearing. Death can result from liver failure, kidney failure, or cardiac
arrest.
*Voc
- molecule (n): phn t .
- gender (n): gi i tnh.
- nutrient (n): ch t dinh d ng
- tongue (n): l i.
- membrane (n: mng.
- meninges (n): mng no.
- kidney (n): th n.
- liver (n): gan.
58
- skin (n): da.

- unsconscious (adj): b t t nh.
* Bi d ch tham kh o:
N c l m t phn t thi t y u cho s s ng. Ty thu c vo tu i, gi i tnh v
cn n ng c a b n, c th b n c kho ng 50-65% l n c, c s d ng tiu
ha th c ph m, v n chuy n oxy v ch t dinh d ng qua dng mu, lo i b ch t
th i v cc c quan m. V n c r t quan tr ng nn khng c g ng ng c nhin
khi ch t do m t n c l m t cch kh ch u. , cu i cng, n n nhn b t t nh, do
, b ph n ch t i th c t khng ph i l th a th i , nh ng ch x y ra sau nh ng
nh ng c n au t t . Thi u n c gy ra da b n t v ho kh, kh kh. M c d
v y, ho s khng ph i l i u t i t nh t. Khi b n c th khng s d ng ch t l ng,
i u ny s khng ng n c n c nn i. axit t ng ln c a d dy c th t o ra
s kh ro. Mu t ng ln, t ng nh p tim. M t k t qu kh ch u c a m t n c l
m t l i s ng ln. Trong khi l i c a b n s ng ln, i m t v b no co l i. Khi
no co l i, mng ho c mng no ko ra kh i x ng s , c kh n ng rch. T vong
c th l k t qu c a suy gan, suy th n ho c ng ng tim.
C7.Any new parent can verify it's possible to go days without sleeping. Yet, it's
an essential process. While scientists are still unraveling the mysteries of sleep,
it's known to play roles in memory formation, tissue repair, and hormone
synthesis. Lack of sleep (called agrypnia) leads to decreased concentration and
reaction time, diminished mental processes, reduced motivation, and altered
perception.How long can you go without sleep? Anecdotal reports indicate
soldiers in battle have been known to stay awake for four days and that manic
patients have lasted three to four days. Experiments have documented normal
people staying awake for eight to ten days, without any apparent permanent
damage after a night or two of normal sleep to recover.The world record holder
was Randy Gardner, a 17-year-old high school student, who stayed awake for 264
hours, around 11 days, for a science fair project in 1965. While he was technically
awake at the conclusion of the project, he was completely dysfunctional by the
end. However, there are rare disorders, such as Morvan's syndrome, which can
cause a person to go without sleep for several months! The question of how long
people can stay awake ultimately remains unanswered.
* Voc:
59
- unravel (v): lm sng t .

- mystery (n): nh ng b n.
- tissue (n): m.
- awake (adj): t nh to.
B t k ph huynh m i no c ng c th xc nh n r ng c th i nhi u ngy m
khng c n ng . Tuy nhin, l m t qu trnh thi t y u. Trong khi cc nh khoa
h c v n ang lm sng t nh ng b n v gi c ng , n c bi t l ng vai tr
trong vi c hnh thnh tr nh , s a ch a m v t ng h p hoocmon. Thi u ng (g i
l agrypnia) d n n gi m t p trung v th i gian ph n ng, suy gi m cc qu
trnh tinh th n, gi m ng l c, v nh n th c sai l m. B n c th i ng khng?
Bo co v t cho bi t nh ng ng i lnh trong tr n nh c bi t l v n t nh to
trong b n ngy v cc b nh nhn ph n ch n ko di t ba n b n ngy. Cc th
nghi m cho th y nh ng ng i bnh th ng v n t nh to trong 8 n 10 ngy,
khng c thi t h i r rng no sau m t m bnh th ng ho c 2 gi c ng bnh
ph c. Ch nhn k l c th gi i l Randy Gardner, m t h c sinh trung h c 17 tu i,
ng i th c xuyn su t 264 gi , kho ng 11 ngy, cho m t d n khoa h c cng
b ng vo n m 1965. Trong khi ng c t nh to m t cch c khoa h c khi k t
thc d n, ng hon ton khng ho t ng vo cu i ngy. Tuy nhin, c nh ng
r i lo n hi m, ch ng h n nh h i ch ng Morvan, c th gy ra cho m t ng i
i m khng c gi c ng trong nhi u thng! Cu h i v bao lu ng i ta v n c
th t nh to c v n ch a c tr l i.
C8.How long a person can go without air is really a question of how long he can
go without oxygen. It's further complicated if other gases are present. For
example, breathing the same air over and over is more likely to be lethal because
of the excess carbon dioxide rather than the depleted oxygen. Death from
removing all oxygen,like a vacuum, may occur from the results of the pressure
change or possibly temperature change.When the brain is deprived of oxygen,
death occurs because there is insufficient chemical energy to feed brain cells. How
long this takes depends on temperature, metabolic rate, slower is better, and other
factors.If oxygen deprivation occurs some other way, perhaps from drowning, for
example, a person loses consciousness between 30 and 180 seconds. At the 60
second mark brain cells start to die. After three minutes, lasting damage is likely.
Brain death typically occurs between five and ten minutes, possibly fifteen
minutes.However, people can train themselves to make more efficient use of
60
oxygen. The world record holder for free diving held his breath for 22 minutes
and 22 seconds without suffering brain damage!
* Voc
- breath (n): s h th p, th .
- vacuum (n): chn khng.
- deprived (adj): c n ki t
- cell (n): t bo
- metabolic rate: t c trao i ch t.
-
* Bi d ch tham kh o.
M t ng i c th i m khng c khng kh trong bao lu th c ch t l m t cu
h i ng c th i m khng c oxy trong bao lu. i u ny cn ph c t p h n n a
n u c nh ng ch t kh khc. V d , th trong cng m t khng kh m t th ng
xuyn c nhi u kh n ng gy t vong v l ng carbon dioxide d th a h n l c n
ki t ngu n oxy. Ci ch t t vi c lo i b t t c oxy, gi ng nh chn khng, c th
x y ra do k t qu c a s thay i p l c ho c c th l s thay i nhi t . Khi
no khng c oxy, ci ch t x y ra v khng c n ng l ng ha h c nui t
bo no. i u ny ko di bao lu ty thu c vo nhi t , t c trao i ch t,
ch m h n v cc y u t khc. N u thi u oxy x y ra theo cch khc, v d nh t
u i n c, m t ng i m t th c trong kho ng t 30 n 180 giy. T i 60 giy t
bo no b t u ch t. Sau ba pht, c th x y ra thi t h i lu di. Ci ch t no
th ng x y ra trong kho ng n m n m i pht, c th l m i l m pht. Tuy
nhin, ng i ta c th luy n t p s d ng oxy hi u qu h n. Ng i gi k l c
th gi i v l n t do gi h i th c a mnh trong 22 pht v 22 giy m khng
b t n th ng no!
C9. Studies suggest that teenagers often sacrifice their sleep time when it comes
to making choices about time management. The problem is, studies also show that
61
they need a lot more sleep than they probably get. More and more studies are
showing that there is a direct link between sleep and academic success.According
to a study by sleep expert Mary Carskadon, PhD, teens should receive more than
nine hours of sleep every night.Dr. Carskadon's study suggests biology might be
the cause for sleep deprivation among teens. Their internal time clocks are just a
little different during teenage years--and late nights and sleep-ins are a natural
part of growing into adulthood.Lack of sleep makes it more difficult for students
to concentrate in school, especially during those early-morning classes.A more
recent study shows that sacrificing sleep to study actually does more harm than
good. The sleep that you miss when you stay up late to study will cause academic
problems the following day. It's just not worth sacrificing sleep to study!
* Voc:
- sacrifice (v): hy sinh , dnh.
- study (n): nghin c u.
* Bi d ch tham kh o.
Cc nghin c u cho th y r ng thanh thi u nin th ng dnh th i gian ng c a h
khi l a ch n v qu n l th i gian. V n l, cc nghin c u c ng ch ra r ng h
c n ng nhi u h n m c c th . Ngy cng c nhi u nghin c u cho th y r ng c
m t lin k t tr c ti p gi a gi c ng v thnh cng h c t p. Theo m t nghin c u
c a chuyn gia gi c ng , ti n s Mary Carskadon cho r ng, thi u nin nn dnh
h n chn gi m i m ng . Nghin c u c a Carskadon cho th y sinh h c c th
l nguyn nhn gy thi u ng thanh thi u nin. ng h th i gian n i b c a h
ch khc nhau m t cht trong nh ng n m tu i thi u nin - v m khuya v ng
ngh l m t ph n t nhin c a s tr ng thnh khi tr ng thnh. Thi u ng lm
cho h c sinh kh t p trung h n trong tr ng h c, c bi t l trong nh ng bu i
sng s m . M t nghin c u g n y cho th y r ng hy sinh cho gi c ng h c
th c s lm h i nhi u h n l t t. Gi c ng m b n b l khi b n th c khuya
h c t p s gy ra 'v n h c v n' vo ngy hm sau. N khng ng hi sinh
gi c ng h c!
C10. What can you do if you know you aren't getting enough sleep?Turn off the
TV at night. The TV noises and flashing lights will only keep you from getting a
sound sleep. If you can remember anything you hear during your sleep, it's a sure
sign you're not sleeping well.Reduce caffeine by switching to something healthier,
62
like bottled water.Limit after-school activities. It's hard to do, but try to limit your
extracurricular activity. Sometimes you just have to make a hard choice and stick
to it.Don't think too hard right before bed time. Turn off the cell phone. Keep track
of time. Often, students have great intentions, but other tasks seem to keep them
up late, time after time. Play music if you want, but not too loud. Many people
play music at night. If it doesn't bother you, go ahead. Do you really need that
after-school job? This might be a really tough decision, too. Some students need
to work so they can pay for car insurance or save up for college. You'll just have
to decide on your own, what's necessary and what's not.
* Voc:
- stick (v): dn.
- extracurricular (n): ngo i kha.
- insurance (n): b o hi m.
* Bi d ch tham kh o
B n c th lm g n u b n bi t b n khng ng ? T t TV vo ban m. Ti ng
n c a TV v nh n nh p nhy s ch gip b n khng ng c. N u b n c th
nh b t c i u g b n nghe trong gi c ng , l m t d u hi u ch c ch n b n
khng ng t t. Gi m caffeine b ng cch chuy n sang m t th g kh e m nh
h n, nh n c ng chai. Th t kh lm, nh ng c g ng h n ch ho t ng
ngo i kha c a b n. i khi b n ch c n th c hi n m t s l a ch n kh kh n v
dnh vo n. ng suy ngh nh ng i u tiu c c ngay tr c ng . T t i n tho i
di ng. Theo di th i gian. Thng th ng, sinh vin c nh ng nh tuy t v i,
nh ng cc cng vi c khc d ng nh khi n h d y mu n th ng xuyn. Ch i
nh c n u b n mu n, nh ng khng qu to. Nhi u ng i ch i nh c vo ban m.
N u n khng lm phi n b n, hy ti p t c ch i. B n c th c s c n cng vi c sau
gi h c khng? y c th l m t quy t nh th c s kh kh n. M t s sinh vin
c n ph i lm vi c h c th tr ti n b o hi m xe h i ho c ti t ki m cho i h c.
B n s ph i t mnh quy t nh, i u g l c n thi t v i u g khng c n thi t.
C11. Sleeping in the ocean is definitely different than sleeping on land. As we

learn more about sleep in marine life, we're learning that marine animals don't
have the same requirements for long periods of undisturbed sleep that we do. Here
you can learn more about how different types of marine animals sleep.
63
Cetaceans,i.e. whales, dolphins and porpoises are voluntary breathers, meaning

they think about every breath they take. A whale breathes through the blowholes
on top of its head, so it needs to come up to the water surface to breathe. But that
means the whale needs to be awake to breathe. How's a whale going to get any
rest? The answer may surprise you. Research on captive animals shows that
cetaceans rest one half of their brain at a time, while the other half stays awake
and makes sure the animal breathes. Sharks need to keep water moving over their
gills so that they receive oxygen. So that means they need to keep moving all the
time... or do they? Some sharks do need to move all the time, and these sharks
seem to be sleep swimming, with some parts of their brain more active than
others. Other sharks can rest, using spiracles to draw in oxygenated water.
* Voc:
- shark (n): c m p
- whale (n): c voi.
- dolphin = porpoise: c heo.
- spiracles: l th .
* Bi d ch tham kh o
Ng trong lng bi n ch c ch n khc h n v i ng trn t li n. Khi chng ta tm
hi u thm v gi c ng trong sinh v t bi n, chng ta ang hi u r ng cc ng v t
bi n khng c cng yu c u trong th i gian ng , khng b t c ngh n m chng ta
lm. y b n c th tm hi u thm v cch cc loi ng v t bi n ng khc nhau
Cetaceans, ngh a l c voi, c heo dolphin v c heo porpoise l nh ng con ng i
ht ph i kh t nguy n, c ngh a l h ngh v m i h i th m h mang theo. M t
con c voi th qua l h ng trn nh u c a n, do n c n ph i i ln m t n c
ht th . Nh ng i u c ngh a l c voi c n ph i t nh to th . C voi s
ngh ng i nh th no? Cu tr l i c th lm b n ng c nhin. Nghin c u v ng
v t nui nh t cho th y loi c voi c th ngh ng i m t n a b no c a chng m t
lc, trong khi m t n a cn l i v n t nh to v khi n cho ng v t ht th . Loi c
m p c n gi n c di chuy n qua mang c a chng chng nh n oxy. i u c
ngh a l chng c n ti p t c di chuy n m i lc ... khng? M t s c m p c n ph i
di chuy n su t ngy, v nh ng con c m p ny d ng nh "b i l i", v i m t s
b ph n c a no ho t ng m nh m h n nh ng con khc. C m p khc c th
ngh ng i, s d ng cc l th ht n c oxy.
64
C12. Money doesn't have any inherent value. Unless you enjoy looking at pictures
of deceased national heroes, money has no more use than any other piece of paper
until, as a country and an economy, we assign value to it. At that point, it does
have value, but the value isn't inherent; it's assigned and generally agreed upon by
users worldwide. It didn't always work this way. In the past, money generally took
the form of coins composed of precious metals such as gold and silver.The value
of the coins was roughly based on the value of the metals they contained, because
you could always melt the coins down and use the metal for other purposes. Until
a few decades ago paper money in different countries was based on the gold
standard or silver standard or some combination of the two. This meant that you
could take some paper money to the government, who would exchange it for some
gold or some silver based on an exchange rate set by the government. The gold
standard lasted until 1971 when President Nixon announced that the United States
would no longer exchange dollars for gold. This ended the Bretton Woods system,
which will be the focus of a future article. Now the United States is on a system
of fiat money, which is not tied to any other commodity. So these pieces of paper
in your pocket are just that: pieces of paper.
* Voc:
Ti n khng c b t k gi tr v n c. Tr khi b n thch xem nh c a nh ng anh
hng dn t c ch t, ti n khng cn s d ng h n b t k gi y t no khc cho n
khi, nh m t qu c gia v m t n n kinh t , chng ta gn gi tr cho n. T i th i
i m , n c gi tr , nh ng gi tr khng ph i l v n c; N c ch nh v
c ng i s d ng trn ton th gi i ng . N khng ph i lc no c ng lm
vi c theo cch ny. Tr c y, ti n th ng c d ng la bao g m cc kim lo i
qu nh vng v b c. Gi tr c a ng xu d a trn gi tr kim lo i m chng ch a,
v b n lun c th lm tan ch y cc ng xu xu ng v s d ng kim lo i Cho cc
m c ch khc. Cho n m t vi th p k tr c, ti n gi y cc qu c gia khc nhau
c d a trn tiu chu n vng ho c tiu chu n b c ho c m t s k t h p c a hai.
i u ny c ngh a l b n c th l y m t kho n ti n gi y cho chnh ph , ng i s
trao i n cho m t s vng ho c m t s b c d a trn t gi do chnh ph quy
nh. Tiu chu n vng ko di n n m 1971 khi T ng th ng Nixon tuyn b r ng
Hoa K s khng cn trao i vng cho vng. i u ny k t thc h th ng
Bretton Woods, s l tr ng tm c a m t bi bo trong t ng lai. By gi Hoa K
ang s d ng m t h th ng ti n t thi n, khng g n li n v i b t k hng ho no
khc. V v y, nh ng m nh gi y trong ti c a b n ch l: mi ng gi y.
65
C13.If we print more money, prices will rise such that were no better off than we
were before. Why will prices go up after a money supply increase?In short, prices
will go up after a drastic increase in the money supply because:If people have
more money, theyll divert some of that money to spending. Retailers will be
forced to raise prices, or run out of the product.Retailers who run out of product
will try to replenish it. Producers face the same dilemma of retailers that they will
either have to raise prices, or face shortages because they do not have the capacity
to create an extra product and they cannot find labor at rates which are low enough
to justify the extra production.Inflation is caused by a combination of four factors:
The supply of money goes up.The supply of goods goes down.Demand for money
goes down.Demand for goods goes up.This gets us to why drastically increasing
the money supply on the surface seems like a good idea. When we say wed like
more money, what were really saying is wed like more wealth. The problem is
if we all have more money, collectively were not going to be any more wealthy.
Increasing the amount of money does nothing to increasing the amount of wealth
or more plainly the amount of stuff in the world. Since the same number of people
are chasing the same amount of stuff, we cannot on average be wealthier than we
were before.
N u chng ti in thm ti n, gi c s t ng ln nh v y m chng ti khng c g
t t h n so v i tr c y. T i sao gi s t ng sau khi ngu n cung ti n t ng? Ni
tm l i, gi s t ng ln sau khi ngu n cung t ng m nh b i v: N u ng i dn c
nhi u ti n h n, h s chuy n m t ph n s ti n sang chi tiu. Cc nh bn l s
bu c ph i t ng gi, ho c h t s n ph m. Nh ng ng i bn hng h t s n ph m s
c g ng b sung n. Cc nh s n xu t ph i i m t v i tnh tr ng ti n thoi l ng
nan c a cc nh bn l r ng h ph i t ng gi ho c ph i i m t v i s thi u h t
b i v h khng c kh n ng t o ra m t s n ph m b sung v h khng th tm
c lao ng v i m c gi th p bi n minh cho vi c s n xu t thm. Gy ra
b is k th pc ab ny ut :
Vi c cung c p ti n i ln. Cung c p hng ho i xu ng.Demand ti n i
xu ng.Demand hng t ng ln. i u ny cho chng ta l do t i sao t ng m nh
ti n cung c p trn b m t c v nh m t t ng t t. Khi chng ti ni r ng chng
ti mu n nhi u ti n h n, nh ng g chng ti th c s ni l chng ti mu n giu
c h n. V n l n u t t c chng ta c nhi u ti n h n, t ng c ng chng ta s
khng c b t k giu c h n. T ng s ti n khng lm g t ng s ti n c a s
giu c ho c r rng h n s l ng cc cng c trn th gi i. V cng m t s ng i
66
ang theo u i s ti n t ng t , chng ti khng th trung bnh c th giu c h n

chng ta tr c y.
C14.Between 2000 and 2012, deforestation occurred on 888,000 square miles

globally. This was partially offset by 309,000 square miles where forests grew
back. The net result is an average forest loss of 31 million acres per year during
that period thats about the size of the state of Mississippi, each year.This forest
loss trend is not distributed evenly over the planet. Several areas are experiencing
important reforestation, the regrowth of recently cut forest, and afforestation, the
planting of new forests were none were in recent history, i.e., less than 50
years.Intensive forestry in subtropical areas and in boreal forests is a major agent
of forest loss. The vast majority of forest loss in tropical areas occurs when forests
are converted to agriculture production and pastures for cattle. Forests are not
logged for the commercial value of the wood itself, but instead they are burned as
the fastest way to clear land. Cattle are then brought in to graze on grasses that
now replace the trees. In some areas plantations are put in, notably large palm oil
operations. In other places, like Argentina, forests are cut to grow soybeans, a
major ingredient in pig and poultry feed.
T n m 2000 n n m 2012, n n ph r ng x y ra trn 888.000 d m vung
trn ton c u. i u ny c b p m t ph n b i 309.000 d m vung
n i r ng m c tr l i. K t qu l r ng trung bnh m t 31 tri u acres / n m
trong kho ng th i gian , t c l kho ng bang Mississippi, m i n m. Xu
h ng m t r ng ny khng phn b u trn hnh tinh. M t s khu v c ang
tr i qua th i k tr ng r ng quan tr ng, ti sinh r ng g n y v tr ng r ng,
vi c tr ng r ng m i khng c trong l ch s g n y, t c l d i 50 n m. R ng
nhi t i cc khu v c c n nhi t i v r ng boreal l m t M t r ng. Ph n
l n m t r ng cc vng nhi t i x y ra khi r ng chuy n thnh s n xu t
nng nghi p v ch n th gia sc. R ng khng c ng k v i gi tr th ng
m i c a g , nh ng thay vo chng c t nh l cch nhanh nh t
lm s ch t. Sau gia sc n c trn c thay th cho cy. m t s khu v c
tr ng r ng, c bi t l cc ho t ng d u c l n. nh ng n i khc, nh
Argentina, r ng c c t pht tri n u nnh, m t thnh ph n chnh
trong th c n cho l n v gia c m.
C15.The loss of forests means disappearing habitats for wildlife and degraded
watersheds, but it also impacts our climate in a multitude of ways. Trees absorb
atmospheric carbon dioxide, the number one greenhouse gas and contributor to
climate change. By cutting down forests we reduce the planets capacity to pull
carbon out of the atmosphere and achieve a balanced carbon dioxide budget. Slash
from forestry operations is often burned, releasing in the air the carbon stored in
67
the wood. In addition, the soil left exposed after the machinery is gone continues
to release stored carbon into the atmosphere.Forest loss affects the water cycle,
too. The dense tropical forests found along the equator release phenomenal
amounts of water in the air through a process called transpiration. This water
condenses into clouds, which then release the water further away in the form of
torrential tropical rains. It is too soon to really understand how deforestations
interference with this process affects climate change, but we can be assured that
it has consequences within and outside tropical regions.
Vi c m t r ng c ngh a l bi n m t mi tr ng s ng c a ng v t hoang d
v cc l u v c sng b suy thoi, nh ng n c ng nh h ng n kh h u c a
chng ta b ng v s cch. Cy h p th carbon dioxide trong kh quy n, kh
nh knh s m t v gp ph n lm thay i kh h u. B ng vi c ch t ph r ng,
chng ta s lm gi m kh n ng h p th carbon t b u kh quy n v t c
m t ngn sch kh carbon dioxide cn b ng. X t cc ho t ng lm nghi p
th ng b t chy, gi i phng trong khng kh carbon l u tr trong g .
Ngoi ra, t cn l i c ph i ra sau khi my mc ti p t c gi i phng carbon
c l u tr vo kh quy n. S m t mt c a r ng c ng nh h ng n chu
trnh n c. Cc khu r ng nhi t i dy c c tm th y d c theo ng
xch o gi i phng m t s l ng l n n c trong khng kh thng qua m t
qu trnh g i l thot h i n c. N c ny ng ng t thnh m my, sau
gi i phng n c xa h n d i d ng m a nhi t i gay g t. V n cn qu s m
hi u c s can thi p c a r ng ph r ng i v i qu trnh ny nh h ng
nh th no n bi n i kh h u, nh ng chng ta c th yn tm r ng n c
nh ng h u qu bn trong v bn ngoi cc vng nhi t i.
C16.Behavior is what we humans do. Behavior is observable and measurable.
Whether it is walk from one place to another or to crack our knuckles, behavior
serves some function or the other.Applied Behavior Analysis, the research based
approach to modifying behavior, seeks to find the function of an inappropriate
behavior in order to find a replacement behavior to replace it. Every behavior
serves some function, and provides a consequence, reinforcement, for the
behavior.When we successfully identify the function of the behavior we can
reinforce an alternate, acceptable behavior that will replace it. When the student
has that particular need or function fulfilled by an alternate means, the mal-
adaptive or unacceptable behavior is less likely to reappear. If a child needs
attention, and we give them attention in an appropriate way because of appropriate
behavior, we cement the appropriate behavior and make the inappropriate or
unwanted behavior less likely to appear.
Hnh vi l nh ng g con ng i chng ta lm. Hnh vi c th quan st c
v o c. Cho d l i b t n i ny sang n i khc ho c ph v kh p
68
n i c a chng ti, hnh vi ph c v m t s 'ch c n ng' ho c khc.Applied

Behavior Analysis, nghin c u d a trn cch ti p c n s a i hnh vi, tm
cch tm 'ch c n ng' c a m t hnh vi khng ph h p theo th t tm
m t hnh vi thay th thay th n. M i hnh vi u ph c v m t s ch c
n ng, v t o ra h u qu , c ng c cho hnh vi. Khi chng ta xc nh thnh
cng "ch c n ng" c a hnh vi, chng ta c th c ng c m t hnh vi lun
phin, ch p nh n c v s thay th n. Khi h c sinh c 'nhu c u' c bi t
ho c ch c n ng hon thnh b ng m t ph ng ti n thay th , hnh vi khng
thch nghi ho c khng c ch p nh n t c kh n ng xu t hi n tr l i. N u
tr c n s ch , v chng ti ch n chng m t cch thch h p v hnh vi
thch h p, chng ti s c ng c hnh vi thch h p v lm cho hnh vi khng
ph h p ho c khng mong mu n t c kh n ng xu t hi n.
C17. The clearest evidence of how a behavior functions for a child is seen in the
Antecedent and the Consequence. The Antecedent is everything that happens
immediately before the behavior occurs. It is sometimes also referred to as the
Setting Event but a setting event may be part of the antecedent, but not the whole.
The teacher/ABA practitioner needs to ask Is there something in the environment
that may lead to the behavior i.e., escaping loud noises, a person who always
presents demand, a change in routine that might seem frightening to a child? Is
there something that happens in that environment that seems to have a causal
relationship, like the entrance of a pretty girl, attention, or a loud noise?The
Consequence In ABA, the term consequence has a very specific meaning, which
at the same time is broader than the use of consequence, as it usually is, to mean
punishment. The consequence is what happens as the result of the behavior.
That consequence is usually the reward or reinforcement for the behavior.
B ng ch ng r rng nh t v cch th c ho t ng c a m t a tr c th y
trong Ti n V v H u Qu . Ti n Ti n V l m i th x y ra ngay tr c khi
hnh vi x y ra. N i khi cn c g i l 'S ki n Thi t l p' nh ng s ki n
thi t l p c th l m t ph n c a ti n , nh ng khng ph i l ton b . Gio
vin / chuyn gia ABA c n h i "C i u g trong mi tr ng c th d n
t i hnh vi khng, ti ng n l n, ng i lun c nhu c u, s thay i thi
quen m c th gy cho m t a tr ng s ?" i u x y ra trong mi
tr ng c v nh c m i quan h nhn qu , nh l i vo c a m t c gi
xinh p, ch , ho c ti ng n l n? K t qu Trong ABA, h qu c a thu t
ng c ngh a r t c th , ng th i r ng h n Vi c s d ng 'h u qu ', nh
th ng l , c ngh a l 'hnh ph t'. H u qu l nh ng g x y ra nh l k t qu
c a hnh vi.
H u qu th ng l 'ph n th ng' ho c 'c ng c ' cho hnh vi.
69
C18.During Grace Abbotts early childhood in Grand Island, Nebraska, her

family was fairly well off. Her father was the Lieutenant Governor of the state,
and her mother was an activist who had been an abolitionist and advocated
womens rights including woman suffrage.But the 1893 financial depression, plus
the drought afflicting the rural part of Nebraska where the family lived, meant that
plans had to change. Grace studied at and graduated in 1898 from Grand Island
College, a Baptist school. She moved to Custer County to teach after graduation,
but then returned home to recover from a bout of typhoid. In 1899, when Edith
left her teaching position at the high school in Grand Island, Grace took her
position.Grace was able to study law at the University of Nebraska from 1902 to
1903. She was the only woman in the class. She taught at the University of
Chicagos School of Social Service Administration from 1934 to 1939, where her
sister was the dean. She also served, during those years, as editor of The Social
Service Review which her sister had founded in 1927 with Sophonisba
Breckenridge. In 1935 and 1937, she was a United States delegate to the
International Labor Organization. In 1938, she published the 2-volume treatment
of federal and state laws and programs protecting children, The Child and the
State.
Trong th i th u c a Grace Abbott Grand Island, Nebraska, gia nh c

kh gi i. Cha c l Th ng c c a Nh n c, v m c l m t nh ho t ng
x h i t ng l ng i ng h quy n ph n v bi nhi m cc quy n c a
ph n , trong c c vi c n quy n b u c . Nh ng tr m c m ti chnh n m
1893, cng v i h n hn lm cho vng nng thn c a Nebraska n i gia nh
s ng, R ng k ho ch ph i thay i. Grace h c t i v t t nghi p n m 1898 t
i h c Grand Island, m t tr ng Baptist. C chuy n n Custer County
d y sau khi t t nghi p, nh ng sau tr v nh ph c h i t m t c n bng
quang. Vo n m 1899, khi Edith r i b v tr gi ng d y c a mnh t i tr ng
trung h c Grand Island, Grace m nhi m v tr c a mnh.Grace c th
h c lu t t i i h c Nebraska t n m 1902 n n m 1903. B l ph n duy
nh t trong l p. B d y t i Tr ng Qu n l D ch v X h i c a ih c
Chicago t n m 1934 n n m 1939, n i ch c a b l hi u tr ng. B c ng
t ng ph c v , trong nh ng n m , l bin t p vin c a The Social Service
Review m ch c a b thnh l p n m 1927 v i Sophonisba Breckenridge.
N m 1935 v 1937, b l m t i bi u c a Hoa K n T ch c Lao ng
Qu c t . N m 1938, b xu t b n cu n sch tr li u 2 t p v cc lu t v ch ng
trnh b o v tr em, Tr em v Nh n c c a lin bang v ti u bang.
C19. The name Canada comes from kanata,the Iroquois-Huron word for
village. Aboriginal people used the word to describe the village of Stadacona
(present-day Quebec City) to French explorer Jacques Cartier during his trip along
the St. Lawrence River in 1535. Cartier used the word Canada to refer to both the
settlement of Stadacona as well as the surrounding area, which was then under the
70
purview of Iroquois Chief Donnacona.By 1547, maps were showing the name
Canada applied to everything north of the St. Lawrence River. Cartier referred to
the St. Lawrence River as the riviere du Canada and the name began to take
hold. Even though the French called the region New France, by 1616 the area
along the great river of Canada and the Gulf of St. Lawrence was still called
Canada. As the country expanded to the west and the south in the 1700s, Canada
was the unofficial name of an area spanning the American midwest, extending as
far south as what is now the state of Louisiana. After the British conquered New
France in 1763, the colony was renamed the Province of Quebec. As British
loyalists began heading north during and after the American Revolutionary War,
Quebec was divided into two separate parts.
Tn 'Canada' xu t pht t 'kanata', t Iroquois-Huron cho lng. Ng i th
dn s d ng t ny m t ngi lng Stadacona (Quebec City ngy nay)
t i nh thm hi m Jacques Cartier ng i Php trong chuy n i d c theo sng
St. Lawrence n m 1535. Cartier s d ng t Canada ch c vi c gi i
quy t Stadacona c ng nh Nh khu v c xung quanh, sau d i s qu n l
c a Iroquois Chief Donnacona. N m 1547, cc b n cho th y ci tn
Canada p d ng cho m i th pha b c sng St Lawrence. Cartier c p
n sng St Lawrence nh l 'riviere du Canada' v tn b t u n m gi .
M c d ng i Php g i khu v c New France, vo n m 1616 khu v c d c theo
con sng l n c a Canada v V nh St. Lawrence v n c g i l Canada. Khi
t n c m r ng v pha ty v nam vo nh ng n m 1700, 'Canada' l tn
khng chnh th c c a m t khu v c tr i di ty nam Hoa K , ko di n t n
Nam nh by gi l bang Louisiana. Sau khi Anh chinh ph c New France
n m 1763, thu c a c i tn thnh t nh Quebec. Khi nh ng ng i trung
thnh Anh b t u h ng v pha b c trong v sau Chi n tranh Cch m ng
Hoa K , Quebec c chia thnh hai ph n ring bi t.
C20.Socialism is a political term applied to an economic system in which property

is held in common and not individually, and relationships are governed by a
political hierarchy. Common ownership doesn't mean decisions are made
collectively, however. Instead, individuals in positions of authority make
decisions in the name of the collective group. Regardless of the picture painted of
socialism by its proponents, it ultimately removes group decision making in favor
of the choices of one all-important individual.Socialism originally involved the
replacement of private property with a market exchange, but history has proven
this ineffective. socialism cannot prevent people from competing for what is
scarce. Socialism, as we know it today, most commonly refers to market
socialism, which involves individual market exchanges organized by collective
71
planning.People often confuse socialism with the concept of communism.

While the two ideologies share much in common, in fact, communism
encompasses socialism, the primary difference between the two is that socialism
applies to economic systems, whereas communism applies to both economic
and political systems.
Ch ngh a x h i l m t thu t ng chnh tr c p d ng cho m t h th ng
kinh t trong ti s n c gi chung chung v khng ph i l c nhn, v
cc m i quan h c i u ch nh b i m t h th ng chnh tr . Quy n s h u
chung khng c ngh a l cc quy t nh c a ra t p th . Thay vo ,
cc c nhn thu c cc v tr quy n l c ra quy t nh nhn danh nhm t p
th . B t k b c tranh v c a ch ngh a x h i b i nh ng ng i ng h n,
n cu i cng lo i b quy t nh c a nhm d a trn s l a ch n c a m t c
nhn quan tr ng. Ch ngh a x h i ban u lin quan n vi c thay th ti
s n c nhn b ng cch trao i th tr ng, nh ng l ch s ch ng minh
i u ny khng hi u qu . Ch ngh a x h i khng th ng n c n m i ng i
c nh tranh v i nh ng g khan hi m. Ch ngh a x h i, nh chng ta bi t
ngy nay, th ng c hi u l "ch ngh a x h i th tr ng", bao g m cc
cu c trao i th tr ng ring l c t ch c theo k ho ch t p th . Con
ng i th ng l n l n "ch ngh a x h i" v i khi ni m "ch ngh a c ng
s n". M c d hai h t t ng c nhi u i m chung, nh ng th c t ch
ngh a c ng s n bao g m ch ngh a x h i, s khc bi t chnh gi a hai ch
ngh a x h i l p d ng cho cc h th ng kinh t , trong khi 'ch ngh a c ng
s n' p d ng cho c h th ng kinh t v chnh tr .
--- THE END----
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THI + P N THI CNG CH C TI NG ANH T NH

MULTIPLE CHOICES (200)

1. They would_____consider him their son.

3. The clowns in the circus made us______a lot.

4. Under no circumstances _________ animals.

A. the restaurant can accept B. cant accept the restaurant

5. We dont take the umbrella. We wish that we would _____it.

6. ________ doesnt surprise me at all.

7. The Pyramids ______ by the ancient Egyptians.

9. You______not read those magazines.

11. She is afraid of______. (Sau gi i t + V-ing/ Noun)

12. They like Mathematics better ______.

13. The match brought excitement to thousands of TV_____too.

14. Measles _____ sometimes a serious disease. (B nh s i..)

15. A film is __________.

A. more shorter than a play B. more interesting than a play

C. most funnier than a play D. weller than a play

16. I'm tired ______ such repeating work.

18. You dont want another cake, ______ ?

19. I did __________________.

20. You don't need to start _______.

21. She has seen____________.

24. Don't drink so much beer. Its harmful_____your stomach.

25. My sister has complained about her teeth ________.

27. Must the decaying tooth come out? _________.

32. He met his wife_____ a party.

33.He often goes ______ every morning.

34. Jack and his friends are talking to_______.

36. She has a_____bill.

37. Daisy has been a teacher______three years.

38. Everybody was surprised____the news.

39. Shall we ring ____ a taxi? Ring for: g i taxi

40. This dress is too small_____me. (too + adj + to + Vo)

42. If Daisy gets up early, she_____time for breakfast.

43. Peter is 37 years old, but he still lives _____his parents.

45. Mr. Young is not only healthy_____also cheerful.

46. He was delighted______the show. (Be delighted with: vui m ng v i)

47. Peter is not proud____what he did. (Proud of: t ho.)

48. Her show was quite different_____what I expected.

49. Don't eat sweets, they're bad______your teeth.

50. Jane ____ to Hanoi three times this year.

C. went D. has gone

51. Would you like a piece of cake _____ your coffee?

53. _____ beautiful collection of coins you have!

55. Do you mind if I turn on the radio? _________.

56. The train_____to Rome before I arrived.

A. had left B. left

57. He has got a very good_____with that company.

58. A football match is divided into two______.

60. I am_____my wife to drive.

61. Parents often make sacrifices____their children may receive a good

A. bring / come B. bring / will come

64. They _____ on a camping trip next week.

65. The more paper we save, ______ preserved.

70. I don't know ___________

71. My children are looking forward _____ Christmas.

Ngy c a m l ngy nh ng a con by t tnh yu i v i m .

75. At seven o'clock last night I_______to the radio.

76. I haven't had______ an enjoyable evening for months.

77. I'm really longing _____ the Tet holidays.

81. Civil servants wont leave their offices ______ 5 p.m.

101. The farmers are working _the farm not__the field-in.