DTMF is acronym for Dual Tone Multi Frequency.

So, just think when you make call for

customer care, they will ask you to press 1, 2 or any other number. When you press a number
from your mobile, one particular action is happening. All this is because of DTMF. When a
button is pressed in your mobile keypad, it will generate a tone of two frequencies. These tones
are called row and column frequencies. These frequencies for DTMF are chosen in such a way
that they dont have harmonic relation with the others, so that they will not produce same tones.
The column frequencies are slightly louder than the row frequencies to compensate for the high-
frequency roll off of voice audio systems.

AT89C52 is an 8-bit microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's 8051 family. AT89C52 has 8KB of
Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM) and 256 bytes of RAM.
AT89C52 has an endurance of 1000 Write/Erase cycles which means that it can be erased and
programmed to a maximum of 1000 times.

Though very slight difference between the features of AT89C51 and AT89C52, they are very
similar in their pin configurations* and operations. The differences between AT89C51 and
AT89C52 have been tabulated below.

AT89C52 AT89C51
RAM 256 Bytes 128 Bytes
Flash 8 KB 4 KB
Number of Timers/Counters 3 (16-bit each) 2 (16-bit each)
Number of Interrupt Sources 8 6

*The pin configuration of AT89C52 is exactly similar to that of AT89C51 except that the first
two pins, P1.0 and P1.1 are multiplexed to correspond to Timer2 operations as given in the
following table.

Existing Alternate Function

P1.0 T2 Timer/counter 2 External Count input
P1.1 T2 EX Timer/counter 2 Trigger input

While AT89C51 has two timers (Timer0 & Timer1), AT89C52 also has Timer2. Corresponding
to Timer2, there are extra SFRs (Special Function Registers) T2CON & T2MOD. Also there are
registers RCAP2H & RCAP2L to configure 16 bit Capture & Auto-reload modes of Timer2.

Pin Diagram:
Pin Description:
Pin No Function Name
1 External count input to Timer/Counter 2, clock-out T2 P1.0
Timer/Counter 2 capture/reload trigger and direction
2 T2 EX P1.1
control
3 P1.2
4 P1.3
5 P1.4
8 bit input/output port (P1) pins
6 P1.5
7 P1.6
8 P1.7
9 Reset pin; Active high Reset
10 Input (receiver) for serial RxD 8 bit input/output P3.0
 communication port (P3) pins
Output (transmitter) for serial
11 TxD P3.1
communication
12 External interrupt 1 Int0 P3.2
13 External interrupt 2 Int1 P3.3
14 Timer1 external input T0 P3.4
15 Timer2 external input T1 P3.5
16 Write to external data memory Write P3.6
17 Read from external data memory Read P3.7
18 Crystal 2
Quartz crystal oscillator (up to 24 MHz)
19 Crystal 1
20 Ground (0V) Ground
21 P2.0/ A8
22 P2.1/ A9
23 8 bit input/output port (P2) pins P2.2/ A10
24 / P2.3/ A11
25 High-order address bits when interfacing with external memory P2.4/ A12
26 P2.5/ A13
27 P2.6/ A14
28 P2.7/ A15
29 Program store enable; Read from external program memory PSEN
Address Latch Enable ALE
30
Program pulse input during Flash programming Prog
External Access Enable; Vcc for internal program executions EA
31
Programming enable voltage; 12V (during Flash programming) Vpp
32 P0.7/ AD7
33 P0.6/ AD6
34 8 bit input/output port (P0) pins P0.5/ AD5
35 P0.4/ AD4
36 Low-order address bits when interfacing with external memory P0.3/ AD3
37 P0.2/ AD2
38 P0.1/ AD1
39 P0.0/ AD0
40 Supply voltage; 5V (up to 6.6V) Vcc