Beruflich Dokumente
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We Got Answers
Angela Bobak, Alex Barbera, Kiana Murdock, Jess Neill, Reagan
Rush, Ryan Kirdahy, Zach Herman
Background, Interaction with Hormones
The Basics
Steroid hormone
Cholesterol derivative
4 member ring system http://opexfit.com/boost-testosterone-naturally/
Androgen
Patterns of testosterone release
Primary male sex hormone
Reproductive and nonreproductive organs
https://www.slideshare.net/arijabuhaniyeh/reproductive-system-48480354
Where Does Production Begin?
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) is released from the Hypothalamus to
Binds to receptors in the pituitary gland that in turn release Luteinizing Hormone
Concentrates testosterone
FSH binds to nurse cells in the seminiferous tubules and aid with sperm
DHEA
DHEA-S
Loss of libido
Erectile dysfunction
Depression
Decreased cognitive ability
Lethargy
Osteoporosis
Loss of muscle mass and strength
Late Adulthood
Reasons for Testosterone Decrease in Older Males :
-testosterone transported:
Free-form: 0.5-2%
http://cheap-auto-insurance-in-florida.com/dedicated-study-human-anatomy-brain/human-anatomy-brain-diagram-picture-of-brains-and-function-ventri
(Norris, David, & Carr, 2013) cles-septum-basal-ganglia-thalamus-fornix-amygdala-pituitary/
Neuroprotective and Neurotrophic Actions
Neuroprotection: an effect that may result in salvage, recovery, or regeneration of the
nervous system, its cells, structure, and function
Motor neuron hybrid cells in presence of androgens develop larger cell bodies and
broader neuritic processes
Androgens may modulate circulating levels of IGF-1: potent anabolic agent in muscle
Likely that anabolic actions of androgens in skeletal muscle not mediated via
IGF-1 production or action
Study conducted on male AR knockout (ARKO) mice
In males, androgens act through the AR to regulate multiple gene pathways that
control muscle mass, strength, and fatigue resistance
Same Value of Serum IGF-1 Levels Anabolic Actions Skeletal Muscles Not
Mediated IGF-1
Testosterones Role in Bone Development
Most cases of osteoporosis (men) are due to low testosterone
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/86659-overview
Testosterones Role in Cardiovascular/Circulatory Systems
CKD Patients with T deficiency had 5.3 times greater chance of having anemia
than those with normal T levels
http://www.medical-labs.net/microcytic-red-blood-cell-613/
Role of Testosterone on Infertility
Basic Causes of:
Varicocele
Infection
Ejaculation Issues
Antibodies that Attack Sperm
Tumors
Testicular Failure
Defects of Tubules that Transport Sperm
Chromosome Defects and Genetic Conditions
Problems with Sexual Intercourse
Certain Medications
Prior surgeries
Environmental and Lifestyle Influences
Obesity
Does Low Testosterone Automatically Mean Infertility?
NO!!
Lifestyle:
Weight loss
Reduce Stress
Eat healthy
Limit or eliminate sugar from diet
Work out
Adverse Effects of Testosterone Replacement
Risk of Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Risk of prostate cancer
Lower urinary tract symptoms
Obstructive sleep apnea
Erythrocytosis
Case studies
Study 1
Patient is a 42 year old male recovering from cancer in both testicles. Both
testicles have been surgically removed. Patient is suffering from increased
physical fatigue, heightened cholesterol, lowered bone density discovered
after recent ankle fracture, experiencing anxiety, and reports feeling down.
Should testosterone supplementation be implemented?
Study 2
36 year old male visits doctor asking for testosterone supplement. He is
morbidly obese (BMI > 40). He complains of being tired all the time
with lack of libido. He reports a not so healthy diet including fried
chicken, mashed potato and maybe some greens. He reports sleeping
6-7 hours a night, but restlessly. His wife reports that patients snoring is
so loud that he sounds like a motocross bike when he sleeps. Pt history:
patients father and grandfather suffered from prostate cancer. Given all
reported factors, is the patient a candidate for testosterone
supplementation? Why or why not?
Study 3
A 60 year old male presents signs of hypogonadism and has above normal blood
pressure levels. He is overweight with a BMI of about 30. He has never had heart
problems that he is aware of. He has been trying to lose weight by a diet consisting
primarily of eggs and fish. His main complaint is that he is no longer able to have a sex
life. Is he a candidate for testosterone treatment? Why or why not
Case Study 4
A 30 year old male is having new medical difficulties. He lives a healthy lifestyle and
had no previous medical conditions. He was recently involved in a motorcycle accident
and received major trauma to his head. Now he lacks energy, has a lowered libido, and
is starting to gain weight at an alarming rate. What happened? How should this be
treated?
Summary/What do we think?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvtK17hlnfY
References
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