Google Milestones

Google Timeline
Check out the interactive version of our company history.

Our company has packed a lot in to a relatively young life. We've captured some of the key
milestones in Google's development.

1995-1997 - 1998 - 1999 - 2000 - 2001 - 2002 - 2003 - 2004 - 2005 - 2006 - 2007 - 2008 - 2009

1995-1997

1995

• Larry Page and Sergey Brin meet at Stanford. (Larry, 22, a U Michigan grad, is
considering the school; Sergey, 21, is assigned to show him around.) According to some
accounts, they disagree about most everything during this first meeting.

1996

• Larry and Sergey, now Stanford computer science grad students, begin collaborating on
a search engine called BackRub.
• BackRub operates on Stanford servers for more than a year -- eventually taking up too
much bandwidth to suit the university.

1997

• Larry and Sergey decide that the BackRub search engine needs a new name. After some
brainstorming, they go with Google -- a play on the word "googol," a mathematical term
for the number represented by the numeral 1 followed by 100 zeros. The use of the term
reflects their mission to organize a seemingly infinite amount of information on the web.

1998

August

• Sun co-founder Andy Bechtolsheim writes a check for $100,000 to an entity that doesn't
exist yet: a company called Google Inc.

September

• Google sets up workspace in Susan Wojcicki's garage at 232 Santa Margarita, Menlo
Park.
• Google files for incorporation in California on September 4. Shortly thereafter, Larry and
Sergey open a bank account in the newly-established company's name and deposit Andy
Bechtolsheim's check.
• Larry and Sergey hire Craig Silverstein as their first employee; he's a fellow computer
science grad student at Stanford.

December
 • "PC Magazine" reports that Google "has an uncanny knack for returning extremely
relevant results" and recognizes us as the search engine of choice in the Top 100 Web
Sites for 1998.

1999

February

• We outgrow our garage office and move to new digs at 165 University Avenue in Palo
Alto with just 8 employees.

April

• Yoshka, our first "company" dog, comes to work with our senior vice president of
operations, Urs Hoelzle.

May

• Omid Kordestani joins to run sales -- the first non-engineering hire.

June

• Our first press release announces a $25 million round from Sequoia Capital and Kleiner
Perkins; John Doerr and Michael Moritz join the board. The release quotes Moritz
describing "Googlers" as "people who use Google."

August

• We move to our first Mountain View location: 2400 E. Bayshore. Mountain View is a few
miles south of Stanford University, and north of the older towns of Silicon Valley:
Sunnyvale, Santa Clara, San Jose.

November

• Charlie Ayers joins as Google's first chef. He wins the job in a cook-off judged by the
company's 40 employees. Previous claim to fame: catering for the Grateful Dead.

2000

April

• On April Fool's Day, we announce the MentalPlex: Google's ability to read your mind as
you visualize the search results you want. Thus begins our annual foray in the Silicon
Valley tradition of April 1 hoaxes.

May

• The first 10 language versions of Google.com are released: French, German, Italian,
Swedish, Finnish, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, Norwegian and Danish.
 • We win our first Webby Awards: Technical Achievement (voted by judges) and Peoples'
Voice (voted by users).

June

• We forge a partnership with Yahoo! to become their default search provider.

• We announce the first billion-URL index and therefore Google becomes the world's
largest search engine.

September

• We start offering search in Chinese, Japanese and Korean, bringing our total number of
supported languages to 15.

October

• Google AdWords launches with 350 customers. The self-service ad program promises
online activation with a credit card, keyword targeting and performance feedback.

December

• Google Toolbar is released. It's a browser plug-in that makes it possible to search without
visiting the Google homepage.

2001

January

• We announce the hire of Silicon Valley veteran Wayne Rosing as our first VP of
engineering operations.

February

• Our first public acquisition: Deja.com's Usenet Discussion Service, an archive of 500
million Usenet discussions dating back to 1995. We add search and browse features and
launch it as Google Groups.

March

• Eric Schmidt is named chairman of the board of directors.

• Google.com is available in 26 languages.

April

• Swedish Chef becomes a language preference.

July

• Image Search launches, offering access to 250 million images.

August

• We open our first international office, in Tokyo.

• Eric Schmidt becomes our CEO. Larry and Sergey are named presidents of products and
technology, respectively.

October

• A new partnership with Universo Online (UOL) makes Google the major search service
for millions of Latin Americans.

December

• Keeping track: Our index size grows to 3 billion web documents.

2002

February

• Klingon becomes one of 72 language interfaces.

• The first Google hardware is released: it's a yellow box called the Google Search
Appliance that businesses can plug into their computer network to enable search
capabilities for their own documents.
• We release a major overhaul for AdWords, including new cost-per-click pricing.

April

• For April Fool's Day, we announce that pigeons power our search results.
• We release a set of APIs, enabling developers to query more than 2 billion web
documents and program in their favorite environment, including Java, Perl and Visual
Studio.

May

• We announce a major partnership with AOL to offer Google search and sponsored links
to 34 million customers using CompuServe, Netscape and AOL.com.
• We release Google Labs, a place to try out beta technologies fresh from our R&D team.

September

• Google News launches with 4000 news sources.

October

• We open our first Australian office in Sydney.

December

• Users can now search for stuff to buy with Froogle (later called Google Product Search).
2003

January

• American Dialect Society members vote "google" the "most useful" Word of the Year for
2002.

February

• We acquire Pyra Labs, the creators of Blogger.

March

• We announce a new content-targeted advertising service, enabling publishers large and

small to access Google's vast network of advertisers. (Weeks later, on April 23, we
acquired Applied Semantics, whose technology bolsters the service named AdSense.)

April

• We launch Google Grants, our in-kind advertising program for nonprofit organizations to
run in-kind ad campaigns for their cause.

October

• Registration opens for programmers to compete for cash prizes and recognition at
our first-ever Code Jam. Coders can work in Java, C++, C# or VB.NET.

December

• We launch Google Print (which later becomes Google Book Search), indexing small
excerpts from books to appear in search results.

2004

January

• orkut launches as a way for us to tap into the sphere of social networking.

February

• Larry Page is inducted into the National Academy of Engineering.

• Our search index hits a new milestone: 6 billion items, including 4.28 billion web pages
and 880 million images.

March

• We move to our new "Googleplex" at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway in Mountain View,

giving 800+ employees a campus environment.
 • We formalize our enterprise unit with the hire of Dave Girouard as general manager;
reporters begin reporting in April about our vision for the enterprise search business.
• We introduce Google Local, offering relevant neighborhood business listings, maps, and
directions. (Later, Local is combined with Google Maps.)

April

• For April Fool's we announce plans to open the Googlunaplex, a new research facility on
the Moon.

May

• We announce the first winners of the Google Anita Borg Scholarship, awarded to
outstanding women studying computer science. Today these scholarships are open to
students in the U.S., Canada, Australia and Europe.

August

• Our Initial Public Offering of 19,605,052 shares of Class A common stock takes place on
Wall Street on August 18. Opening price: $85 per share.

September

• There are more than 100 Google domains (Norway and Kenya are #102 and #103). The
list has since grown to more than 150.

October

• We formally open our office in Dublin, Ireland, with 150 multilingual Googlers, a visit from
Sergey and Larry, and recognition from the Deputy Prime Minister of Ireland, Mary
Harney.
• Google SMS (short message service) launches; send your text search queries to
GOOGL or 466453 on your mobile device.
• Larry and Sergey are named Fellows by the Marconi Society, which recognizes "lasting
scientific contributions to human progress in the field of communications science and the
Internet."
• We spotlight our new engineering offices in Bangalore and Hyderabad, India with a visit
from Sergey and Larry.
• Google Desktop Search is introduced: you can now search for files and documents
stored on your hard drive using Google technology.
• We launch the beta version of Google Scholar, a free service for searching scholarly
literature such as peer-reviewed papers, theses, books, preprints, abstracts and technical
reports.
• We acquire Keyhole, a digital mapping company whose technology will later
become Google Earth.

November

• Our index of web pages reaches 8 billion.

December
 • We open our Tokyo R&D (research & development) center to attract the best and
brightest among Japanese and other Asian engineers.
• The Google Print Program (since renamed Google Book Search) expands through digital
scanning partnerships with the libraries of Harvard, Stanford, University of Michigan, and
Oxford plus the New York Public Library.

2005

February

• We hit a milestone in Image Search: 1.1 billion images indexed.

• Google Maps goes live.

March

• We launch code.google.com, a new place for developer-oriented resources, including all

of our APIs.
• Some 14,000 programmers from six countries compete for cash prizes and recognition at
our first coding competition in India, with top scores going to Ardian Kristanto Poernomo
of Singapore.
• We acquire Urchin, a web analytics company whose technology is used to create Google
Analytics.

April

• Our first Google Maps release in Europe is for the U.K.

• For April Fool's, we announce a magical beverage that makes its imbibers more
intelligent, and therefore better capable of properly using search results.
• Google Maps now features satellite views and directions.
• Google Local goes mobile, and includes SMS driving directions.
• My Search History launches in Labs, allowing you to view all the web pages you've
visited and Google searches you've made over time.
• We release Site Targeting, an AdWords feature giving advertisers the ability to better
target their ads to specific content sites.

May

• We release Blogger Mobile, enabling bloggers to use their mobile phones to post and
send photos to their blogs.
• Google Scholar adds support for institutional access: searchers can now locate journal
articles within their own libraries.
• Personalized Homepage (now iGoogle) is designed for people to customize their own
Google homepage with content modules they choose.

June

• We hold our first Summer of Code, a 3-month $2 million program that aims to help
computer science students contribute to open source software development.
• Google Mobile Web Search is released, specially formulated for viewing search results
on mobile phones.
 • We unveil Google Earth: a satellite imagery-based mapping service combining 3D
buildings and terrain with mapping capabilities and Google search.
• We release Personalized Search in Labs: over time, your (opt-in) search history will
closely reflect your interests.
• API for Maps released; developers can embed Google Maps on many kinds of mapping
services and sites.

August

• Google scores well in the U.S. government's 2005 machine translation evaluation. (We've
done so in subsequent years as well.)
• We launch Google Talk, a downloadable Windows application that enables you to talk or
IM with friends quickly and easily, as well as talk using a computer microphone and
speaker (no phone required) for free.

September

• Overlays in Google Earth illuminate the devastation wrought by Hurricane Katrina around
New Orleans and the Gulf Coast. Some rescue teams use these tools to locate stranded
victims.
• DARPA veteran Vint Cerf joins Google to carry on his quest for a global open Internet.
• Dr. Kai-Fu Lee begins work at our new Research and Development Center in China.
• Google Blog Search goes live; it's the way to find current and relevant blog postings on
particular topics throughout the enormous blogosphere.

October

• Feed aficionados rejoice as Google Reader, a feed reader, is introduced at the Web 2.0
conference in San Francisco.
• Googlers volunteer to produce the first Mountain View book event with Malcolm Gladwell,
author of "Blink" and "The Tipping Point." Since then, the Authors@Google program has
hosted more than 480 authors in 12 offices across the U.S., Europe and India.

November

• We release Google Analytics, formerly known as Urchin, for measuring the impact of
websites and marketing campaigns.
• We announce the opening of our first offices in São Paulo and Mexico City.

December

• Google Transit launches in Labs. People in the Portland, Oregon metro area can now
plan their trips on public transportation at one site.
• Gmail for mobile launches in the United States.

2006

January

• Our first Code Jam in China concludes in Beijing. The winner, graduate student Chuan
Xu, is one of more than 13,000 registrants.
 • We announce the acquisition of dMarc, a digital radio advertising company.
• Google.cn, a local domain version of Google, goes live in China.
• We introduce Picasa in 25 more languages, including Polish, Thai and Vietnamese.

February

• We release Chat in Gmail, using the instant messaging tools from Google Talk.
• Eric Schmidt is inducted into the National Academy of Engineering.
• Dr. Larry Brilliant becomes the executive director of Google.org, our philanthropic arm.
• Google News for mobile launches.

March

• We announce the acquisition of Writely, a web-based word processing application that

subsequently becomes the basis for Google Docs.
• A team working from Mountain View, Bangalore and New York collaborates to
create Google Finance, our approach to an improved search experience for financial
information.

April

• For April Fool's we unveil a new product, Google Romance: "Dating is a search problem."
• We launch Google Calendar, complete with sharing and group features.
• We release Maps for France, Germany, Italy and Spain.

May

• We release Google Trends, a way to visualize the popularity of searches over time.

June

• We announce Picasa Web Albums, allowing your to upload and share your photos
online.
• The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) adds "Google" as a verb.
• We announce Google Checkout, a fast and easy way to pay for online purchases.
• Gmail, Google News and iGoogle become available on mobile phones in eight more
languages besides English: French, Italian, German, Spanish, Dutch, Russian, Chinese
and Turkish.
• Gmail launches in Arabic and Hebrew, bringing the number of interfaces up to 40.

July

• At Google Code Jam Europe, nearly 10,000 programmers from 31 countries compete at
Google Dublin for the top prizes; Tomasz Czajka from Poland wins the final round.

August

• We launch free citywide WiFi in Mountain View.

• More than 100 libraries on 10 campuses of the University of California join the Google
Books Library Project.
 • Star Trek's 40th Anniversary Convention in Las Vegas features a Google
booth showcasing tools appropriate for intergalactic use.
• Apps for Your Domain, a suite of applications designed for organizations of all sizes, and
including including Gmail and Calendar, is released.
• Google Book Search begins offering free PDF downloads of books in the public domain.

September

• We add an archive search to Google News, with more than 200 years of historical
articles.
• Featured Content for Google Earth includes overlays from the UN Environmental
Program, Discovery Networks, the Jane Goodall Institute, and the National Park Service.
• The University Complutense of Madrid becomes the first Spanish-language library to join
the Google Books Library Project.

October

• Together with LitCam and UNESCO's Institute for Lifelong Learning, we launch the
Literacy Project, offering resources for teachers, literacy groups and anyone interested in
reading promotion.
• We announce our acquisition of YouTube.
• We release web-based applications Docs & Spreadsheets: Word processor Docs is a
reworking of Writely (acquired in March).
• Google Custom Search Engine launches, giving bloggers and website owners
the ability to create a search engine tailored to their own interests.
• We acquire JotSpot, a collaborative wiki platform, which later becomes Google Sites.

November

• The first nationwide Doodle 4 Google contest in the U.K. takes place with the theme My
Britain. More than 15,000 kids in Britain enter, and 13-year old Katherine Chisnall is
chosen to have her doodle displayed on www.google.co.uk. There have been Doodle 4
Google contests in several other years and countries since.

December

• We release Patent Search in the U.S., indexing more than 7 million patents dating back
to 1790.

2007

January

• We announce a partnership with China Mobile, the world's largest mobile telecom carrier,
to provide mobile and Internet search services in China.

February

• We release Google Maps in Australia, complete with local business results and mobile
capability.
 • Google Docs & Spreadsheets is available in eleven more languages: French, Italian,
German, Spanish, Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese, Korean, Turkish, Polish,
Dutch, Portuguese (Brazil) and Russian.
• For Valentine's Day, we open up Gmail to everyone. (Previously, it was available by
invitation only).
• Google Apps Premier Edition launches, bringing cloud computing to businesses.
• The Candidates@Google series kicks off with Senator Hillary Clinton, the first of several
2008 Presidential candidates, including Senator Barack Obama and Senator John
McCain, to visit the Googleplex.
• We introduce traffic information to Google Maps for more than 30 cities around the US.

March

• Our first Latin American software coding contest ends with Fábio Dias Moreira of Brazil
taking the grand prize. He scored more points than 5,000 other programmers from all
over the continent.
• We sign partnerships to give free access to Google Apps for Education to 70,000
university students in Kenya and Rwanda.

April

• This April Fool's Day is extra busy: not only do we introduce the Gmail Paper
Archive and TiSP (Toilet Internet Service Provider) -- we lose (and find) a real snake in
our New York office!
• We add eight more languages to Blogger, bringing the total to 19.

May

• In partnership with the Growing Connection, we plant a vegetable garden in the middle of
the Googleplex, the output of which is incorporated into our café offerings.
• We move into permanent space in Ann Arbor, Michigan and Governor Jennifer Granholm
helps us celebrate. The office is an AdWords support site.
• At our Searchology event, we announce new strides taken towards universal search.
Now video, news, books, image and local results are all integrated together in one search
result.
• Google Hot Trends launches, listing the current 100 most active queries, showing what
people are searching for at the moment.
• Street View debuts in Google Maps in five U.S. cities: New York, San Francisco, Las
Vegas, Miami, and Denver.
• On Developer Day, we announce Google Gears (now known just as Gears), an open
source technology for creating offline web applications.

June

• Google Maps gets prime placement on the original Apple iPhone.

• YouTube becomes available in nine more domains: Brazil, France, Italy, Japan, the
Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Ireland and the U.K.
• We announce a partnership with Salesforce.com, combining that company's on-demand
CRM applications with AdWords.
• We unveil several "green" initiatives: RechargeIT, aimed at accelerating the adoption of
plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the completion of our installation of solar panels at the
Googleplex, in Mountain View, and our intention to be completely carbon-neutral by the
 end of 2007. We also announce the Climate Savers Computing Initiative, in collaboration
with Intel, Dell, and more than 30 other companies.
• Google Earth Outreach is introduced, designed to help nonprofit organizations
use Google Earth to advocate their causes.

July

• We announce the acquisition of Postini.

• The first CNN/YouTube debate takes place between the eight U.S. Democratic
Presidential candidates. (The Republicans get their turn in November 2007.)
• Google Finance becomes available for non-U.S. markets for the first time, in Canada.
• Google Apps is now available in 28 languages.

August

• We ask your for you interpretation of how Gmail travels around the world, and
receive more than 1,100 video responses from more than 65 different countries.
• To infinity and beyond! Sky launches inside Google Earth, including layers for
constellation information and virtual tours of galaxies.

September

• AdSense for Mobile is introduced, giving sites optimized for mobile browsers the ability to
host the same ads as standard websites.
• Together with the X PRIZE Foundation we announce the Google Lunar X PRIZE, a
robotic race to the Moon for a $30 million prize purse.
• We add Presently, a new application for making slide presentations, to Google Docs.
• Google Reader becomes available in French, Italian, German, Spanish, Dutch, English
(U.K.), Chinese (Traditional and Simplified), Japanese and Korean.

October

• We partner with IBM on a supercomputing initiative so that students can learn to work at
Internet scale on computing challenges.

November

• We announce OpenSocial, a set of common APIs for developers to build applications for
social networks.
• Android, the first open platform for mobile devices, and a collaboration with other
companies in the Open Handset Alliance, is announced. Soon after, we introduce the $10
millionAndroid Developer Challenge.
• Google.org announces RE<C, an initiative designed to create electricity from renewable
sources that are cheaper than coal. The initial focus is on support for solar thermal power
and wind power technologies.

December

• The Queen of England launches The Royal Channel on YouTube. She is the first
monarch to establish a video presence this way.
2008

January

• Google.org announces five key initiatives: in addition to the previously-announced RE<C

and RechargeIT, there is a new dedication to solutions that can predict and prevent
crises worldwide, improve public services, and fuel the growth of small enterprises.
• We bid in the 700 MHz spectrum auction to ensure that a more open wireless world
becomes available to consumers.

February

• For people searching in Hebrew, Arabic, or other right-to-left languages, we introduce a

feature aimed at making searches easier by detecting the direction of a query.
• Google Sites, a revamp of the acquisition JotSpot, debuts. Sites enables you to create
collaborative websites with embedded videos, documents, and calendars.

March

• We finally complete the acquisition deal for DoubleClick.

• Together with Yahoo and MySpace, we announce the OpenSocial Foundation, an
independent non-profit group designed to provide transparency and operational
guidelines around the open software tools for social computing.

April

• We feature 16 April Fool's jokes from our offices around the world, including the new
airline announced with Sir Richard Branson (Virgle), AdSense for Conversations,
a Manpower Search (China), and the Google Wake-Up Kit. Bonus foolishness: all
viewers linking to YouTube-featured videos are "Rickrolled."
• A new version of Google Earth launches, incorporating Street View and 12 more
languages. At the same time, KML 2.2, which began as the Google Earth file format,
is acceptedas an official Open Geospacial Consortium standard.
• Google Website Optimizer comes out of beta, expanding from an AdWords-only product.
It's a free website-testing tool with which site owners can continually test different
combinations of their website content (such as images and text), to see which ones yield
the most sales, sign-ups, leads or other goals.
• We launch Google Finance China allowing Chinese investors to get stock and mutual
fund data as a result of this collaboration between our New York and Shanghai teams.
• We introduce a collection of 70+ new themes ("skins") for iGoogle, contributed by such
artists and designers as Dale Chihuly, Oscar de la Renta, Kwon Ki-Soo and Philippe
Starck.

May

• Following both the Sichuan earthquake in China and Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar
(Burma), Google Earth adds new satellite information for the region(s) to help recovery
efforts.
• Reflecting our commitment to searchers worldwide, Google search now supports
Unicode 5.1.
• At a developer event, we preview Google FriendConnect, a set of functions and
applications enabling website owners to easily make their sites social by adding
 registration, invitations, members gallery, message posting, and reviews, plus
applications built by the OpenSocial developer community.
• With IPv4 addresses (the numbers that computers use to connect to the Internet) running
low, Google search becomes available over IPv6, a new IP address space large enough
to assign almost three billion networks to every person on the planet. Vint Cerf is a key
proponent of broad and immediate adoption of IPv6.
• Google Translate adds 10 more languages (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Finnish,
Hindi, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian and Swedish), bringing the total to 23.
• We release Google Health to the public, allowing people to safely and securely collect,
store, and manage their medical records and health information online.
• We introduce a series of blog posts detailing the many aspects of good search results on
the Official Google Blog.
• California 6th grader Grace Moon wins the U.S. 2008 Doodle 4 Google competition for
her doodle "Up In The Clouds."

June

• Real-time stock quotes go live on Google Finance for the first time.
• With the launch of Google Site Search, site owners can enable Google-powered
searches on their own websites.
• We launch Gmail Labs, a set of experimental Gmail features, including saved searches
and different kinds of stars, which let you customize your Gmail experience.
• A new version of Maps for Mobile debuts, putting Google Transit directions on phones in
more than 50 cities worldwide.
• For the first time, Google engineers create the problems for contestants to solve at the
7th Annual Code Jam competition.

July

• We provide Street View for the entire 2008 Tour de France route -- the first launch of
Street View imagery in Europe.
• Our first downloadable iPhone app, featuring My Location and word suggestions for
quicker mobile searching, debuts with the launch of the Apple 3G iPhone.
• We work with the band Radiohead to make a music video of their song "House of Cards,"
using only data, and not cameras.
• Our indexing system for processing links indicates that we now count 1 trillion unique
URLs (and the number of individual web pages out there is growing by several billion
pages per day).

August

• Street View is available in several cities in Japan and Australia - the first time it's
appeared outside of North America or Europe.
• Google Suggest feature arrives on Google.com, helping formulate queries, reduce
spelling errors, and reduce keystrokes.
• Just in time for the U.S. political conventions, we launch a site dedicated to the 2008 U.S.
elections, with news, video and photos as well as tools for teachers and campaigners.

September

• Word gets out about Chrome a bit ahead of schedule when the comic book that
introduces our new open source browser is released earlier than planned on September
1. The browser officially becomes available for worldwide download a day later.
 • We get involved with the U.S. political process at the presidential nominating
conventions for the Democratic and Republican parties.
• We release an upgrade for Picasa, including new editing tools, a movie maker, and
easier syncing with the web. At the same time, Picasa Web Albums is updated with a
new feature allowing you to "name tag" people in photos.
• Google News Archive helps to make more old newspapers accessible and searchable
online by partnering with newspaper publishers to digitize millions of pages of news
archives.
• T-Mobile announces the G1, the first phone built on the Android operating system. At the
same time, we release a new Android Software Developer Kit, and the Open Handset
Alliance announces its intention to open source the entire Android platform by the end of
2008. The G1 becomes available for purchase in October.
• We launch Transit for the New York metro region, making public transit information easily
available for users of the largest transportation agency in the U.S.
• Thanks to all of you, Google celebrates 10 fast-paced years.

October

• We release the first draft of Clean Energy 2030, a proposal to wean the U.S. off of coal
and oil for electricity use and to reduce oil use by cars 40 percent by 2030. The plan
could generate billions in savings as well as millions of "green jobs."
• We introduce Google Earth for the iPhone and iPod touch, complete with photos, geo-
located Wikipedia articles, and the ability to tilt your phone to view 3D terrain.
• Googlers in Mountain View build a zip line to travel across the small Permanente Creek
separating a few of our bulidings.

November

• In a vote by 5-0, the FCC formally agrees to open up "white spaces," or unused television
spectrum, for wireless broadband service. We see this decision as a clear victory for
Internet users and anyone who wants good wireless communications.
• After we discover a correlation between certain search queries and CDC data on flu
symptoms, we release Google Flu Trends, an indicator of flu activity around the U.S. as
much as two weeks earlier than traditional flu surveillance systems.
• We announce the availability of the LIFE photo archive in Google Image Search. Only a
fraction of the approximately 10 million photos have ever been seen before.
• SearchWiki launches, a way for you to customize your own search experience by re-
ranking, deleting, adding, and commenting on search results. Comments can also be
read by other users.

December

• We invite musicians around the globe to audition to participate in the YouTube Symphony
Orchestra, the world's first collaborative online orchestra.
• Google Friend Connect is available to any webmaster looking to easily integrate social
features into their site.
• Street View coverage more than doubles in the United States, including several states
never before seen on Street View (Maine, West Virginia, North Dakota, and South
Dakota).
• We partner with publishers to digitize millions of magazine articles and make them readily
available on Google Book Search.
2009

January

• We kick off January with the launch of Picasa for Mac at Macworld.
• The Vatican launches a YouTube Channel, providing updates from the Pope and
Catholic Church.
• Together with the New America Foundation's Open Technology Institute, the PlanetLab
Consortium, and academic researchers, we announce Measurement Lab (M-Lab), an
open platform that provides tools to test broadband connections.

February

• The latest version of Google Earth makes a splash with Ocean, a new feature that
provides a 3D look at the ocean floor and information about one of the world's greatest
natural resources.
• We introduce Google Latitude, a Google Maps for mobile feature and an iGoogle gadget
that lets you share your location with friends and see the approximate location of people
who have decided to share their location with you.
• After adding Turkish, Thai, Hungarian, Estonian, Albanian, Maltese, and Galician, Google
Translate is capable of automatic translation between 41 languages, covering 98% of the
languages read by Internet users.
• Our first message on Twitter gets back to binary: I'm 01100110 01100101 01100101
01101100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 01101100 01110101 01100011
01101011 01111001 00001010. (Hint: it's a button on our homepage.)

March

• We launch a beta test of interest-based advertising on partner sites and on YouTube.

This kind of tailored advertising lets us show ads more closely related to what people are
searching for, and it gives advertisers an efficient way to reach those who are most
interested in their products or services.
• We release Google Voice to existing Grand Central users. The new application improves
the way you use your phone, with features like voicemail transcription and archive and
search of all of your SMS text messages.
• We celebrate our San Francisco office's Gold rating from the U.S. Green Building
Council's LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Green Building Rating
System. We see it as a sign that we're on track with our approach to building
environmentally friendly offices.
• The White House holds an online town hall to answer citizens' questions submitted
on Google Moderator.
• We launch new iGoogle backdrops inspired by video games, including classics like
"Mario," "Zelda," and "Donkey Kong."
• We announce Google Ventures: a venture capital fund aimed at using our resources to
support innovation and encourage promising new technology companies.
• Using our transliteration technology, we build and release a feature in Gmail that makes it
easy to type messages in Indian languages like Hindi or Malayalam.
• Google Suggest goes local with keyword suggestions for 51 languages in 155 domains.

April
 • Our April Fool's Day prank this year is CADIE, our "Cognitive Autoheuristic Distributed-
Intelligence Entity" who spends the day taking over various Google products before self-
destructing.
• We announce an update to search which enables people to get localized results even if
they don't include a location in their search query.
• For India's 15th general election, we launch the Google India Elections Centre, where
people can check to see if they're registered to vote, find their polling place, as well as
read news and other information.
• Over 90 musicians from around the world — including a Spanish guitarist, a Dutch harpist
and a Lithuanian birbyne player — perform in the first-ever YouTube Symphony
Orchestraat Carnegie Hall.
• We rebuild and redesign Google Labs as well as release two new Labs: Similar Image
search and Google News Timeline. Later in the month, we introduce Toolbar Labs.
• We begin to show Google profile results at the bottom of U.S. search pages when people
search for names, giving people more control over what others find about them when
they search on Google.
• We release 11 short films about Google Chrome made by Christoph Niemann, Motion
Theory, Steve Mottershead, Go Robot, Open, Default Office, Hunter Gatherer, Lifelong
Friendship Society, SuperFad, Jeff&Paul, and Pantograph.

May

• To clear brush and reduce fire hazard in the fields near our Mountain View headquarters,
we rent some goats from a local company. They help us trim the grass the low-carbon
way!
• At our second Searchology event, we introduce a few new search features, including the
Search Options panel and rich snippets in search results.
• We launch Sky Map for Android, which uses your Android phone to help you identify
stars, constellations and planets.
• Christin Engelberth, a sixth grader at Bernard Harris Middle School in San Antonio,
Texas, wins the second U.S. Doodle 4 Google competition with her doodle "A new
beginning."
• At our second annual Google I/O developer conference in San Francisco,
we preview Google Wave, a new communication and collaboration tool.

June

• We add a new dashboard to the Local Business Center which gives business owners
information, such as what people searched for to see their listing or how many times their
listing appeared in search results, about how customers find their businesses in Google
Maps.
• We introduce two new ways to customize your iGoogle page: the iGoogle Showcase,
which lets you see your favorite celebrities' homepages look like and add gadgets and
more from those pages to your own, and nature themes.
• Google Squared, a new experiment in Labs intended for certain kinds of complex search
queries, collects facts from the web and presents them in an organized collection, similar
to a spreadsheet.
• The Google Translator Toolkit is a new set of editing tools that helps people translate and
publish work in other languages faster and at a higher quality. Our automatic translation
system also learns from any corrections.
• We announce All for Good. It's a single search interface for volunteer activities across
many major volunteering sites and organizations that's developed using App Engine and
Google Base. Many Googlers contributed to the open source project in their 20% time.
 • We release a beta version of AdSense for Mobile Applications, which allows developers
to earn revenue by displaying text and image ads in iPhone and Android applications.
• Google SMS is a suite of mobile applications that allows people in Africa to access
information — like health and agriculture tips, news, and local weather — using SMS on
their mobile phones, and includes a marketplace application for finding buyers and sellers
of goods.

July

• Both the enterprise and consumer versions of Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Docs and
Google Talk are now out of beta.
• We announce that we're developing the Google Chrome OS, an open source, lightweight
operating system initially targeted at netbooks.
• We launch Moon in Google Earth on the 40th anniversary of the moon landing. The tool
features lunar imagery, information about the Apollo landing sites, panoramic images
shot by the Apollo astronauts and narrated tours.
• The new comics themes for iGoogle range from classic strips like Peanuts to heroes like
Batman to alternative comics from all over the world.
• We add a search options panel to Google Images, making it easier to find the types of
images you need.

And on and on
What's next from Google? It's hard to say. We don't talk much about what lies ahead, because we
believe one of our chief competitive advantages is surprise. You can always take a peek at some
of the ideas our engineers are currently kicking around by visiting them at Google Labs. Have fun,
but be sure to wear your safety goggles.