Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Society -> group of people whose members interact, resid under a definite area and
share a culture(beliefs and way of life)
socialists see FIGURATION, look not only at the induvidual behavior but the society
that shapes it simultaniously
(like why people bought an iphone, the society things that mede he do that)
Sociological imagination: you look at your own history and the pasts of others in
relation to something...
(like imagine things while buying an iphone, not just buying it...)
1780 first time word sociology used, but there was not socio for sure...
Marx rejected positivism, says society grows and change by the struggle of
different classes over the means of production
1895 durkheim makes first department of sociology, sociologists could study social
facts
he was a positivist
auicide, was a work in a suicide rates where they found protestants commited more
suicede than catholics...
conclusion(you have that structure with rule of the word of god, you go to church
to get interpretation to get interpretation, only way
protestants believe you can get a personal relation to god, now when you think
about people everyone has one, as opinions of the bible, so everyone could have an
interpretation on how god works, so you don't have the support system.
Protestantism you are like in your own.
Historic context:
Enlightment -> mid 1600 to 1700s
cultural movement of intelectuals, focused on the west, feudal system with kings
and loyality (they kade people believe there was a god will to be born in that
family, so no one could question your altority), here people start to question all
this, they try to stop seeing things trough superstitions and start try to measure
things. stop being mystical already. the phylosofers start to think wheter or not
things must be that way, if there is a different way. on the heels of enlightment
comes:
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Pierre Bordou
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Karl Marx: estuda Filosofia, Politica, Economia e Sociologia -> {Redator Gazeta,
Liga dos comunistas, Primeira Internacional}
"Ao no se separa do modo de pensar"
Alienation
Karl Marx saw the things (society, modernization, etc.) to be problematic for most
people
He saw society in two classes, it determine your place in the overall society.
People believe things about society that are not valid
Alienation is for people who don't see their place in the actual place in the
actual society.
Says capitalism halps people who already have power to mantain their power.
Most people keep the mentality "the hardest you work you'll end up succiding. (it
helps the powerful to mantain their power).
Say that this alienation separate us from our human nature, from who we are, as a
consequence of living in a society that has social classes... (you became alienated
by sociey)
says when we are under this alienation we start to feel separetad from the meaning
of our life (just go to work and home, there's nothing more...)
| False consciousness
We live in this state, not really understanding your status in society. (says if we
live in this state, we allow the unfair society to exist)
People who have enough to eat and have a roof over their head tend to think they
are in a very higher state of society than they really are...(this false
conciousness of most seeing their society spot as higher than it is)
| Class consciousness
"waking up"
understanding where we fit and why
advocating change
social movement!
**says here is where social change may happen, group of people getting together and
fighting togheter for a better society where they fit in (woman, civil rights,
lgbtq)example of class society examples
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Dialectic process -> a diagram about his ideas on how society (not really his
work, but a work of hegel)
it is a process that tries to explain the change, Marx borrowed his ideas.
Elements:
Thesis - staring point (where we are at thins giving point on society)
Antithesis - Mechanism for change (people on society that do not suport the
starting point and want change) [ Two clashes in crises ]
Synthesis - Progress, end of this clash or revolution, with a better society.
Says it's a process that do not end, synthesis will become thesis and the process
keeps moving on, moving society on.
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Elite Theory
*Only a small amount of people can have authority in any group(most people don't
have power)
*People in authority will oppose the not authority to keep their spot.
*Elites share a common culture
*Elites are organized Remember 20 80 rule...
*They act toghether to keep their interests