Importance of Artificial Intelligence in VUCA World

Introduction.

In this fast changing business world, lot of uncertainties are prevailing which one fails to
predict at times. The market 55places are shifting continuously, sometimes slowly,
sometimes quickly, but always feeling slightly beyond our hands. In this environment,
managers should realize the sustainability of organization as it is a highly competitive
era. Presently the buzz word is VUCA world which means Volatility, Uncertainity,
Complexity and Ambiguity. The VUCA world encompasses challenges for the leaders of
the organization like creating an environment of openness that values discovery, diverse
perspectives and experimentation. Also identifying the weak areas where there are
chances of shifts in customer loyalty or opportunities enabled by new technologies and
also strengthening the decision making abilities in the organization.
In this scenario, artificial intelligence plays a major role as the concept involves a
computer system which than be used to perform that task that would normally require a
human. These can range from speech recognition and translation into different languages
all way through to visual perception and even decision making.
Why Artificial Intelligence

What economists call the general purpose technologies i.e a category that includes the
steam engine, electricity, and the internal combustion engine. These areas are the ones
which further led to development of complementary innovations and opportunities. The
internal combustion engine, for example, gave rise to cars, trucks, airplanes, chain saws,
and lawnmowers, along with big-box retailers, shopping centers, cross-docking
warehouses, new supply chains, and, when you think about it, suburbs. Companies Like
Walmart, UPS, and Uber found ways to leverage the technology to create profitable new
business models.

Today the most important technology which is for general purpose is the era of artificial
intelligence pr in other words machine learning that is, the machines ability to keep
improving its performance without humans having to explain exactly how to accomplish
all the tasks its given. Within few years itself , machine learning has become far more
effective and widely available. There are two main approaches to artificial intelligence
the knowledge based system and neural networks. Often humans are not aware about
their capabilities right from recognizing a face to make a smart approach to solve major
problems. Earlier it was not possible to articulate our knowledge in the right direction but
now things are different with the advent of Artificial intelligence. This is poised to have a
transformational impact on the scale of general purpose technologies.
Approaches to artificial Intelligence

Knowledge based Systems

A KBS is basically a Computer program that uses artificial intelligence to solve

problems within a specialized domain that requires human expertise Even real life
problems do not have well defined solutions and KBS allows this knowledge to be
represented in a proper way and develops an explain solutions. It also a diagnostic
tool and It helps in designing monetaring, controlling and debugging. This way it
identifies and prescribes remedies for malfunctions.

Knowledge can also be represented in the form of rules. A knowledge engineer is a

computer scientist who knows how to design and implement programs that
incorporate artificial intelligence who has significant expertise in the domain of the
expert system being developed. The engineer then translates the knowledge into a
computer- usable language, and designs an inference engine, a reasoning structure,
that uses the knowledge appropriately. He also determines how to integrate the use
of uncertain knowledge in the reasoning process, and what kinds of explanation
would be useful to the end user.

Neural networks

In neural networks they are the popular target representation for learning they are
inspired by neurons in the brain but not actually stimulate neurons. Researchers are
constantly simulating the neural systems of simple animals such as worms, which
promise to lead an understanding about which aspects of neural systems are
necessary to explain the behavior of these animals. The human brain inspires new
ways to think about computation that contrasts with currently available computers.
Therefore neural networks provide different measures of simplicity as a learning
bias. Ex: decisions tress.

Leveraging Arificial Intelligence

Present scenario of artificial intelligence as a career

In the sphere of business, AI is poised have a transformational impact, on the scale of earlier
general-purpose technologies. Although it is already in use in thousands of companies around the
world, most big opportunities have not yet been tapped. The effects of AI will be magnified in
the coming decade, as manufacturing, retailing, transportation, finance, health care, law,
advertising, insurance, entertainment, education, and virtually every other industry transform
their core processes and business models to take advantage of machine learning. The bottleneck
now is in management, implementation, and business imagination.

Knowledge based System :

Knowledge based system Neural network

Attempt to emulate expert Assumption that the

behavior by capturing knowledge computer can learn

from expert. from data.

Cannot cape with unexpected Apply what they have learned

data or new knowledge once the data is changed.

VUCA WORLD:

Volatility is the quality of being subject to frequent, rapid and significant change.

Uncertainty is component of that situation in which events and outcomes are

unpredictable.

Complexity involves a multiplicity of issues and factors some of which may

be interconnected.

Ambiguity is manifested in a lack of clari

Artificial intelligence history:

AI is as old as computing, whose theory is started in 1930 with Alan Turing,

Alonzo church and others.

In 1941, konrad zuse, Germany, general purpose computer.

In 1943, Britan(turing and others) colossus for decoding.

In 1956, Dartmouth conference organized by john mc carthy (inventor of LISP).

AI achievements
 Computers land 200 ton jumbo jets unaided every few minutes.

Search systems like google, yahoo are not perfect but provide very effective information retrieval.

Medical expert system can outperform doctors in many areas of diagnosis.

The chess program deep blue beat world champion kasparov in 1997.

Self driving cars are beginning to enter the market.

Programs such as siri communicate via. natural language.

Functional programming:

The most striking feature of purely functional programming is that there is no state.

We want change their values because of it is purely functional programming.

Application of ARTIFICAL INTELLGENCE:

A.I in Health care:

Companies are applying machine learning to make better and faster diagnoses than
humans. One of the best known health care technologies is IBM Watson. It understands the natural
language and is capable of responding to questions asked of it. The system take patient data and other
available data sources. It also include chat bots, a computer program used online to answer question
and assist customers, patient through billing process provide basic medical feedback.

A I IN EDUCATION:

AI can automate grading, giving educators more time. Ai can assets students and adapt to their needs,
helping them work at their own place. He gives the additional support the student and it can change
when and how students learn, perhaps even replacing the teachers.

AI in finance:

AI applied to personal finance applications, such as Mint or Turbo Tax, is upending financial
institutions. Applications such as these could collect personal data and provide financial advice. Other
programs, IBM Watson being one, have been applied to the process of buying a home.
Today, software performs

much of the trading on Wall Street.

AI in law:
The discovery process, sifting through of documents, in law is often overwhelming for humans.
Automating this process is a better use of time and a more efficient process. Startups are also building
question-and-answer computer assistants that can sift programmed-to-answer questions by examining
the taxonomy and ontology associated with a database.

AI in manufacturing:
This is an area that has been at the forefront of incorporating robots into the workflow. Industrial robots
used to perform single tasks and were separated from human workers, but as the technology advanced
that changed

Examples of Artificial Intelligence Youre Using in Daily Life:

SMART CARS
You probably havent seen someone reading the newspaper while driving to work yet, but self-driving
cars are moving closer and closer to reality; Googles self-driving car project and Teslas autopilot
feature are two examples that have been in the news lately. Earlier this year, the Washington
Post reported on an algorithm developed by Google that could potentially let self-driving cars learn to
drive in the same way that humans do: through experience.
https://youtu.be/uCezICQNgJU

Purchase Prediction:

Large retailers like Target and Amazon stand to make a lot of money if they can anticipate your
needs. Amazons anticipatory shipping project hopes to send you items before you need them,
completely obviating the need for a last-minute trip to the online store. While that technology
isnt yet in place, brick-and-mortar retailers are using the same ideas with coupons; when you
go to the store, youre often given a number of coupons that have been selected by a predictive
analytics algorithm.

This can be used in a wide variety of ways, whether its sending you coupons, offering you
discounts, targeting advertisements, or stocking warehouses that are close to your home with
products that youre likely to buy. As you can imagine, this is a rather controversial use of AI,
and it makes many people nervous about potential privacy violations from the use of predictive
analytics.

Conclusion:

We conclude if machine could successfully pretend to be human to a knowledgeable observer then you
certainly should consider it intelligent. A.I system are now in routine use in various field such as
economics, medicines, engineering, and the military, as well as being built into many common home
computer software applications, traditional strategy games etc.