APPROACH DOCUMENT

FOR
H E A LT H A N A LY S I S O F T R A N S M I S S I O N N E T W O R K

Taurus Powertronics Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore

Prepared by:

Shridhar B

e-mail: Shridhar@tauruspowertronics.com
 A. OBJECTIVE OF THIS DOCUMENT

Transmission line health analysis ensures optimal uptime of the Transmission Network. This can be achieved
through assessment of the health of the network to deliver

a. Enhanced life of the deployed transmission lines

b. Identify any fault during commissioning

c. Faster deployment of power during disaster management situations

d. Maximizing availability / uptime of the transmission line.

e. Effective preventive maintenance of transmission system

f. Precise Fault Locating services with extended applications of line healthiness study

g. Detection of all types of open & short faults that causes line breakdown. An important tool
for
accurate fault finding that can save enormous time and revenue for the utility. During
Disaster Management situations, this is an indispensable tool to quickly identify the faults
and restore the entire transmission system.

h. Benchmarking of the health of the transmission lines at different times and line conditions.

i. Arrest Frequent tripping of the line to reduce the life of the equipment at the substations
apart from spending a lot of time and manpower in identifying the faults in the line.

j. Identifying the abnormal points in the line quickly irrespective of the length of the line,
which otherwise would have been done with manual inspection. Considerable time &
money can be saved on patrolling in bigger lines where Line length extends to hundreds of
kilometres.

k. Certify the line to be ready for charging for at the first instance of test charging.
 B. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Objective of this project is to assess and analyse the health of the Power Transmission lines &
towers through audits conducted with the help of various tests.

i. Details of assessment of Line and towers

a. Line Signature Analysis

The following tests are conducted on the Transmission line

- Transmission Line continuity test.
- Transmission line Phase sequence tests.
- Line Signature Analysis study for the entire length of the Transmission line.
- Line Healthiness Analysis and diagnostics
- Commissioning of new Overhead Distribution Lines
- Prediction of inhomogeneous points in the transmission line
- Overhead AC Distribution Line Signature Analysis
- Offline Fault Location
- All types of faults & inhomogeneity in the line is located accurately (+/- 100 Mtrs )
within a very short period of time.

b. Tower Footing Impedance Measurement

c. Tower body inspection report
d. Tower Leakage current measurement
e. Partial Discharge Measurement
f. Hot Spot identification
g. Corona Identification
h. GPS Mapping
i. Line Petrol

ii. Provide detailed analysis on the Health of the Lines and Towers basis the reports conducted.

Work Methodology
The project includes, defining specific input and output parameters of various tests according to the project
requirement, project specification, and the resource allocation to meet the delivery schedules as per the
agreement.

Timeline for the Audits to be conducted :

Test Description 1st Cycle 3rd & 5th Cycle 2nd, 4th & 6th Cycle
Signature Analysis All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
Tower footing Resistance & Impedance Measurement All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
Tower body inspection All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
Visual Inspection of Tower body All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
Tower Leakage current measurement All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
Hot Spot Detection All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
GPS Location All Towers
Partial Discharge All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
Corona Detection All Towers All Towers Defective Towers
 1. Signature Analysis
Capturing Transmission Line Signature regularly helps us to analyse the breakdown pattern and to take the
preventive measure well in advance.

Using this technique, we can find out exact location of a) Damaged Conductor b) Loose joints, c) Leaky
insulators, d) errors in support structure, e) Line sag, f) Encroachment and g) Tree growth etc without leaving
the substation.

Fast growing Trees near transmission lines are always a big

threat to the line. They cause short circuit and hence the
regular tripping.

Comparing Line Signature regularly helps to identify these

growing trees and preventive measures can be taken.
Apart from trees even residential buildings, other structures,
heightening road levels, bridges and Line sag can reduce the
required Clearance Distance dangerously and prove
disastrous sometimes. These points can be missed out in
regular patrolling.

The software provides the facility of easy comparison of data

with earlier readings to find out changes took place in the
line over the period of time.

2. Line length verification

By using Line Signature Analyser line length can be verified from end to end.

The distance of full length of the line is displayed digitally if there is no fault on the line. This line
length is perfectly measured with an accuracy of 100 meters. This information is crucial input
parameter for relay setting in the substations.
 3. Phase Sequence Test
By using line Signature Analyzer phase Sequence test is done on each phases on Ckt-I & Ckt-II, as per
line design in all the 3-phases.

The traditional phase sequence testing is a cumbersome process. The Signature Analyzer gives an
easy phase sequence testing. Due to transposing at many locations, each phase may not end as the
presumed phase. The signature Analyzer process shorts/ grounds each phase at the far end
individually and is recognized as short / ground at the testing end thereby confirming correct
sequence of that phase. All phases are tested similarly for this sequence.

4. Continuity Test signature analyser

This test is carried out to confirm that there are no dead Open/Short faults in all the 3-phases
throughout the line length conductor confirming continuity in both Ckt-I & Ckt-II. The process for
phase sequence also confirms the continuity.

5. Homogeneity Test (Transmission line ECG Analysis)

The healthy line must have a Unique Characteristics Impedance throughout the line length. However
due to poor quality during construction of the line, Growing trees, Encroachments, clearance issues
etc., some In-homogeneities may be present in the line. These In-homogeneities can lead to tripping
of the line and hence the loss of power. These In-homogeneities can be identified with the help of
the Line Signature Analyser with Multiple Pulse Eco-relation technique.

6. Locating the Fault

Exact fault location in the line is identified during any incidence of tripping of the transmission line.
This test is very critical during Disaster Management situations for quick restoration of the
Transmission Line.
7. Tower footing Resistance & Impedance Measurement

The tower must have the capacity to ground the higher surges at the time of any fault or lightening.
In order to achieve this tower resistance as well as impedance must be checked periodically and
maintained well.

8. Visual Inspection of Tower body

Visual In section is carried out to notice, report and to take preventive action, various component of
tower body are visually inspected for theft, displacement, damages, ageing and deterioration.
 9. Hot Spot detection and analysis

Hotspots are dangerous for the system and must be attended immediately to avoid breakdowns. A
loose joint must be identified at the earliest and fixed before it causes breakdown.

10. Corona Detection and analysis

Early detection of corona and the subsequent preventive action will help to maintain the required
uptime. Corona damages the area around it and also creates radio interference. Acids produced
due to Corona are very corrosive and damages the insulators which can cause breakdown during
fog and drizzling.

11. GPS Location

During any Breakdown, men and machinery must reach the exact location as early as possible to
carry out the restoration work. Reaching the wrong place due to miscommunication is a common
practice. The real world Geographical location plays very important role in navigating or to reach
the exact location at the earliest. Tower mapping helps the faster deployment of teams and also
helps to understand the terrain.

12. Ultra Sound Inspection & Tower Leakage Current Measurement

Ideally there should be no leakage in the tower, if it is there then it can be related to insulator
health condition. We can confirm by checking it again by ultrasound equipment
 C. TRANSMISSION NETWORK HEALTH ASSESSMENT

Signature Analysis
Scope of work Capturing the Line Signature, Analysing it and submitting a report.
Shutdown is required for about 2 Hrs to carry out this task.
Object Checked Complete Transmission Line
Test Equipment Taurus Max3 Fault Analyser

Tower Footing Resistance & Impedance Measurement

Scope of work Checking Resistance & Impedance of Tower footing as per IEEE
guidelines and without removing the top Earth Wire. Submitting the
report in designated format.
Object Checked Tower Earthing
Test Equipment PREZIOHM TFR 54 HF

Visual Inspection of Tower body

Scope of work Inspecting various objects/ components on tower and submitting report
with digital photographs.
Object Checked Tower Stub Condition. Earthing. Missing nut bolts. Step Bolts. Anti-
Climbing guard. Tower members. Danger Board, Phase plate, Number
plate. Condition of Armouring, Vibration Damper, Arcing horn, Spacer,
Bird Guard, Split pin. Insulator Broken, Contaminated, Flash over,
polluted. Condition of Conductor H/w and Earthwire H/w.
Test Equipment Digital Camera

GPS Location
Scope of work Capturing the Exact GPS location and reporting
Object Checked Tower
Test Equipment GPS Tracker

Ultra Sound Inspection & Tower Leakage Current Measurement

Scope of work Checking for any possible defect in Insulator String
Object Checked All Insulator Strings on tower
Test Equipment PDD 100, Leakage Current Measument

Thermovision Scanning
Scope of work To inspect, Identify Hot Spots on Hardware joints and to submit the
report
Object Checked Tension Hardware, Repair Sleeve, Mid Span Joint
Test Equipment Thermovision Camera

Corona Detection
Scope Of Work Detecting Corona mainly on insulator and submitting the report in
designated format.
Object Checked Insulator Strings, Hardware joints, Tower body, Mid Span Joint
Test Equipment Daycor Day Time Corona Camera
 D. HEALTH ASSESSMENT REPORTS

1. Signature Analysis Sample Report

CIRCUIT-I
Suspected Short Category In-Homogeneity.
These points to be inspected
R-Phase Y-Phase B-Phase
26KM 21KM 15KM
38.5KM 43.5KM 18KM
49KM 47KM 21KM
58KM 68KM 34KM
71.6KM 71.6KM 36KM
39KM
43.5KM
47KM
51KM
71.6KM
2. Tower Footing Resistance & Impedance Measurement

MEASURING OF TOWER FOOTING RESISTANCE AND IMPEDANCE __KV D/C LINE

Sl Location Type of TFR Readings Date of Remarks
No No Tower Za () R() L (H) measurement
1 484 Spl In river
2 485 Spl 3.80 0.10 29.00 07-09-2015 OK
3 486 D+0 6.60 5.40 29.40 14-09-2015
4 487 A+3 6.10 5.70 15.40 14-09-2015
OK
5 488 C+0 3.10 1.70 20.40 07-09-2015
OK
6 489 A+0 6.20 3.80 38.30 07-09-2015 OK
7 490 A+0 water lagging area
8 491 D+0 5.00 2.70 33.20 07-09-2015 OK
9 492 A+3 7.10 5.70 32.90 07-09-2015 OK
10 493 C+0 6.40 4.40 37.00 07-09-2015 OK
11 494 C+6 3.20 2.10 18.60 07-09-2015 OK
12 495 D+6 3.10 0.10 29.00 07-09-2015 OK
13 496 D+3 7.90 6.60 33.50 14-09-2015 OK
14 497 A+0 10.90 8.20 47.70 14-09-2015 To Monitor
15 498 A+0 4.20 0.20 32.30 07-09-2015
OK
16 499 A+0 3.00 1.90 20.90 07-09-2015
OK
17 500 A+0 13.00 7.30 85.00 14-09-2015 To attend Immediately
18 501 D+0 12.50 9.30 67.38 08-09-2015 To attend Immediately
19 502 A+0 5.00 2.80 33.20 08-09-2015
OK
20 503 A+0 3.90 0.10 29.90 08-09-2015
OK
21 504 A+0 11.50 7.30 70.50 08-09-2015 To attend Immediately
3. Tower body Inspection Report

4. Geo Location Report

Talcher Kolar 500 kV HVDC Transmission Line

S.No. Tower No Latitude Longitude Remark
1 1 1310'43.17"N 78 7'5.28"E
2 2 1310'38.91"N 78 7'11.18"E
3 3 1310'43.14"N 78 7'15.73"E
4 4 1310'48.57"N 78 7'14.71"E
5 5 1310'53.80"N 78 7'07.01"E
5. Hotspot Detection Report
 6. Ultrasound Scanning & Tower Leakage Current Report

Sample Report for Ultrasound Scanning & Tower Leakage Current of Transmission Line
Line : 400 kV Double Ckt Line
String Ultra Ultrasound Leakage
Date Tower Ckt Phase Side No Sound Audio File Current
12-09-2014 1 I R Dhule 2 Low 6009.wav 0.009
12-09-2014 7 II B Bhopal 1 Low 6010.wav 0.007
12-09-2014 8 I B Bhopal 1 Low 6011.wav 0.008
13-09-2014 23 I R Bhopal 2 High 6025.wav
13-09-2014 23 I Y Dhule 2 High 6025.wav 2.5
13-09-2014 23 II R Dhule Pilot Medium 6025.wav
13-09-2014 26 II R Dhule 1 Medium 6026.wav 0.9
14-09-2014 27 I Y Bhopal 1 Low 7001wav 0.004
19-09-2014 72 I B Bhopal 1 Low 7004.wav 0.007
19-09-2014 72 I B Dhule 2 Low 7005.wav 0.029
22-09-2014 105 I B Bhopal 2 Low 7077.wav 0.050
25-09-2014 126 I R Dhule 1 Low 7078.wav 0.006
27-09-2014 145 II R Bhopal 2 Low 7079.wav 0.007
27-09-2014 146 II Y Bhopal 1 High 7080.wav 1.2
27-09-2014 147 II B Bhopal 1 Medium 7081.wav 0.5
7. Corona Detection
 E. RESOURCE DEPLOYMENT

A. Manpower

A total team of 10 people will be deployed. Out of which, seven member team shall be
always on the deployment.

Project Manager - One

Signature Analysis One
Tower Footing - Three ( One Skilled & two semi skilled)
Corona - One
Other Technical Manpower One
Driver As required
Back Office Team Two

B. Project Planning & Reporting

Upon confirmation of the Purchase order the modus operandi for planning, execution and
reporting shall be decided along with the requisite teams of the customer.
 F. TAURUS POWERTRONICS PVT LTD

Taurus Powertronics Pvt. Ltd found in 1991 as a part of the Taurus group of companies, headquartered in
Bangalore-India, has established itself over the years, as the preferred designer, developer & manufacturer of
test and measurement(T&M) equipments for the power sector. The company offers a wide range of advanced
state of art systems, customized technology solutions and result oriented service to its clients. Taurus
Powertronics Pvt. Ltd has secured a unique and unmatched presence in power sector with its unique
& innovative contributions in developing test & measuring equipments. The company has been streamlined in
par with its vision of emerging as a global leader in providing versatile power sector solutions inheriting value
based business ethics & inculcating corporate social responsibilities.

Taurus Powertronics has always laid special emphasis on Research & Development(R&D). Our R&D
department is aided with the latest advanced technology and manned by qualified and experienced
professionals who continue to invent advance state of art technology and engage in doing continuous
fundamental development in the field of Test & Measurement, acquiring knowledge and expertise on latest
technology & trend on global basis and adapt them quickly to suite current market trends and economical
designs to suit the clients requirement.

This ability enhancement & innovation has given Taurus a competitive edge over its counterparts. A quality
policy conforming to international standards and requirements is strictly adhered to give you the best value
for your purchase.

The consistent improvement of our products, processes, and services combined with innovation is at the
centre of our endeavors. For this purpose, we strive to further optimize our organizational, operational, and
technical processes. Taurus Powertronics manufactures test & measurement equipment for the power
sectors, where there is a lot of innovation is required. Our instruments are conceived and designed by our
talented in house R&D team to meet the needs of a wide range of industries and applications. Research is at
the heart of our company and is fundamental to our technology,product and business development

Quality Policy
TAURUS is a technology driven organization and will gain consistent faith and confidence of customers with
commitment of quality, timely delivery and cost effectiveness.

TAURUS is quality conscious and will strive toachieve high level of competency in supplying and maintenance
of innovative & customized Power Monitoring equipment and Test & Measuring equipment.
Quality Policy, Quality Assurance & Certification

We are ISO9001:2008 certified and we actively implement our management system for the continuous
improvement of processes to enable us to provide our customers with the best possible products and services.
We aim to be a pleasure to deal with, to do what we say, listen carefully to any requirements and give best
advice. We aim to always do better than expected and to add significant value to our customers.

A quality policy conforming to international standards and requirements is strictly adhered to give our
customers the best value for their purchase. If you have any practical suggestion for improvisation,
improvement or an innovative technology or business concept, we welcome your participation.
The continual improvement of our products, processes and services combined with innovation is at the centre
of our endeavours. For this purpose, we strive to further optimize our organizational, operational and
technical processes.

Resolutions For Commitment

Strive for complete understanding of customer application & requirements Seek out innovative technologies
for assuring error-free work Emphasize appropriate training for all employees and well being Continually
improving all activities Adhering to statutory and regulatory requirements Consistently meeting or exceeding
customers expectation.
Research & Development

Taurus Powertronics has always laid special emphasis on Research & Development(R&D). Our R&D
department is aided with the latest advanced technology and manned by qualified and experienced
professionals who continue to invent advance state of art technology and engage in doing continuous
fundamental development in the field of Test & Measurement, acquiring knowledge and expertise on latest
technology & trend on global basis and adapt them quickly to suite current market trends and economical
designs to suit the clients requirement.

This ability enhancement & innovation has given Taurus a competitive edge over its counterparts. A quality
policy conforming to international standards and requirements is strictly adhered to give you the best value
for your purchase. If you have any practical suggestion for improvisation or an innovative concept, we
welcome your participation.

The consistent improvement of our products, processes, and services combined with innovation is at the
centre of our endeavours. For this purpose, we strive to further optimize our organizational, operational, and
technical processes. Taurus Powertronics manufactures test & measurement equipment for the power
sectors, where there is a lot of innovation is required. Our instruments are conceived and designed by our
talented in house R&D team to meet the needs of a wide range of industries and applications. Research is at
the heart of our company and is fundamental to our technology, product and business development
 G. TAURUS ENGAGEMENT WITH CUSTOMERS

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H. TAURUS ENGAGEMENT WITH THE SOCIETY

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 H. PARTIAL CUSTOMER LIST

OPTCL APTRANSCO

PGCIL KPTCL

MSETCL BSPTCL

DELHI TRANSCO TATA POWER

TSTRANSCO TANTRANSCO

HVPNL AEGCL

WBSETCL UPPTCL

JUSCO STERILITE

TNEB KSEB

MSEB BSEB

DVC PSEB

ASEB BBMB

MPPTCL UPCL

CSEB PDD

HPSEB KEC

AEGCL KPTL

WCF GETCO

JSEB MEPTCL