SYSTEM EMPLOYED TO THE BUILDING

Basically, Kristal View, Seksyen 7 had used the electric elevator system to both of the
building which is in Block A and block B. The employment of this electrical system may
increase the speed of transportation of the car lift along the building. The kind of this system
offered a better system in term of safety and speed of transportation. This case study
building which is Kristal View lift management is well managed by Thyssenkrupp Elevator
Sdn. Bhd. The company which responsible to undertaking the services and maintenance of
the lift from time to time where there is a maintenance fees should be paid by the tenants of
the building by monthly to the management team of the building.

There are several package offered by the sub-contractor where it is include the
maintenance works that can be done by the sub-cons. There are platinum, gold, silver and
bronze and all the type of packages bring different method and offer to the clients. For Kristal
View residential, they employed the package of gold where it keep the maintenance of the
elevator and replace all the minor component such as control panel in the elevator cars,
lighting, air ventilation components and the cars door. For any major components such as
motors, cables, and others, it is not coverable under this package. Thus, the management
team need to pay additional cost to the sub-contractor for any replacement occurred to the
elevator.

With simple words, electrical elevator in this building works in a gearless traction
system where it is suitable for a high-rise installation of elevators. The car is supported in 2
lift shaft by several hoist ropes, usually two sheaves and a counter weight. There are two
active functional lift where one for passengers lift and other one is for BOMBA lift in case any
of fire cases happened. The weight of the car and counterweight provides sufficient traction
between the sheaves and the hoist ropes so that the sheaves can grip the hoist ropes and
move and hold the car without slipping. The car and counterweight ride along vertical guide
rails to keep them from swaying.

The machinery to drive the elevator is located in a machine room where it is located
at the top of the floor of the apartment building which directly above of the lift shaft. To feed
electricity and receive electrical signals from it, a multi-level electrical cable connects the
machine room to the cars. The end attached to the car moves with it, so the cable is called
the travelling cable. Due to the usability of the elevator employed to this building is gearless
machine, thus it has a slow speed motor compared to a geared machines and the drive
sheave is connected directly to the motor shaft.
 Figure 1 : The basic components of electric elevator

There are five major elements that compulsory to be including in the electric elevator
system which are:

Car.
Hoistway.
Machine/drive system.
Control system.
Safety system.
 Elevator Car is the vehicle that travels between the different elevator stops carrying
passengers and/or goods, it is usually A heavy steel frame surrounding a cage of metal and
wood panels. Standard elevator car/cabin can be classified according to the number of
entrances and their locations as follows:

Normal Cabin
Open Through Cabin
Diagonal Cabin

Commonly, normal cabin will be used in all residential or any commercial building where it
has only one door while open through cabin is usually used in hospital or factory where it has
2 doors to easy the product transportation into the lift shaft. For this building, it is used a
normal cabin for all the elevator system in both of the buildings.

The hoistway of the elevator shaft is handled by the cables where connected to the
main motors up above to the lift shaft. The hoisting rope usually stand from steel wire rope
fixed to car and counterweight using socket and bolts where it is connected to the gear
machine motors. It is called as electrical elevator system because the power supply is from
the electrical sources not via hydraulic.

The safety features of the electrical system commonly standard with other system of
electrical elevator where it has buffers works to avoid over travel. It is located at the base of
the shaft and the spring loaded for slow speed lift and oil loaded for high speed lifts. These
are mounted on steel/concrete plinths cast in position at the lift pits. These are positioned
beneath the cars and the counter weight. Next is over speed governor where it works to
avoid over speeding. The over speed governor is a direct governor driven, disc type
centrifugal force operated type, with rope-clamping jaws and over-speed and trip contacts. It
also bring a car to a smooth trips. Lastly is safety gear. Hardened steel wedges are arranging
in pairs each side of the lift car to slow down and stop the car by frictional contacts with the
car guide rail. Safety gear are mounted at bottom of car frame. If the permissible speed is
exceeded, the speed governor will activate the safety gear to bring the car to a standstill
quickly and safely.