UG VII Semester

CAREER PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT

Course Objective:

This course will help the students to:

Explore interest and attitude

Explore career opportunities
Set career goals
Developing attributes that employers value

Course Contents:
Module I: Career Planning (2 Hours)
Importance of Career Planning & Development
Career Development Plan
Assessment of Career Development

Module II: Career Success: Interest, Aptitude & Attitude (Personality) (2 Hours)
Interest, Aptitude & Attitude
Knowing and assessing ones Interest
Knowing and assessing ones Aptitude

Module III: Explore Career for Growth (2 Hours)

Selecting from available resources
Career selection (Jobs)
Career planning and development

Module IV: Self Reliance and Employability skills (2 Hours)

Self awareness, Self promotion and Presentation, Self confidence
Action planning, Networking, Negotiation
Political awareness, Coping with uncertainty,
Developing positive attributes at work place (personal and professional)
Time Management as Self Management

Module V: Impression Management for Career Enhancement (2 Hours)

Meaning & Components of Impression Management
Impression Management Techniques(Influencing Tactics)
Impact of Impression Management on Career Planning and Development
Module I :
Understanding the importance of career planning

Career planning is a lifelong process and is not just about goal setting and making plans to obtain the
career you want. In fact, it helps to make adjustments along the way, because we constantly learn
throughout life.
Why is career planning important?
Career planning is important because it:
Enables development in particular skills and interests in current posts
Becoming more effective in roles
Helps to develop specialized knowledge and skills in a particular field
Enables an improvement on the capacity for promotion, or for making a career change
Gives a sense of accomplishment, especially when stages are completed on the plan, and personal
and career growth begins
Enables an achievement of a more satisfying work life balance to cope with lifes challenges, for
example, having young children, caring for elderly relatives and coping with financial pressures.

Career Development Plan:

Career Planning:
Module II:

Interest
Interest is a feeling or emotion that causes attention to focus on an object, event, or process.

Aptitude
The natural capacity of an individual to acquire competence or skill through training.
An aptitude is a component of a competency to do a certain kind of work at a certain level, which can
also be considered "talent". Aptitudes may be physical or mental. Aptitude is not developed
knowledge, understanding, learned or acquired abilities (skills) or attitude.

Your aptitudes have little to do with knowledge or culture, or education, or interests. They have
to do with heredity. Being right-handed or left-handed, and seeing colors normally are
stable, inherent traits that are familiar to most people. Interests vs. aptitudes
Interests are the result of what you do, what you learn, and whom you know.

These factors change greatly from year to year as your knowledge and experience grows. It is difficult
to be interested in something if, for example, you do not understand what it is. A job title such as
marine biologist or industrial engineer does not say much about what that career is like, and so
how could someone be truly interested in pursuing either of those careers?

Aptitudes are the result of inheritance and early development.

They are not changeable as interests are; our research has shown that a person's aptitudes stabilize at
around age fourteen, and remain so for the rest of his or her life. They have little to do with what you
know or learn, and our testing program can provide you with an objective source of information about
your natural strengths, thus making educational and career planning more precise and effective.

Interests can be influenced by outside factors.

A person may not be interested in financial management because, for example, an acquaintance has
that particular job and is dissatisfied or frustrated. Someone else might be interested in being a
journalist because of a writer father. Dreams of becoming a mechanic can come from a favorite uncle
who collects vintage cars. An interest in old cars or writing or finance could be guided by aptitudes
into related directions more suited to natural abilities.

Aptitudes are innate abilities.

Dreaming of being a doctor or being the child of a surgeon does not mean you will have the necessary
abilities to be a successful and satisfied physician. Identifying your natural strengths is a way to find
out which careers are appropriate for you as an individual, regardless of any other factors.

If you have a strong interest in a particular career or occupation, that is something to consider. Your
aptitude test results might be able to indicate which aspect to explore that would best suit you. Being a
doctor is not the only role in the field of medicine, just as working in a classroom is not the only way
of teaching.

The Assessment Tool

Gina divided a piece of paper into three columns and labeled them with "previous experience,"
"portable skills" and "personality," the three P's of marketing. You have to rate each parameter on 5
point scale as mentioned below. Then total up the score of each category. The category in which you
have the lowest score are required more focus.

In the "previous experience" column she wrote:

Marketing knowledge
Communications skills
Vendor management
Press and industry relations
 Web channel marketing
Product development
Computer skills
Under "portable skills" she wrote:

Customer focus
Communications
Writing skills
Very organized
Good at coordinating
Team leader
Problem solving
Project management
Good with budgets and numbers
Time management
In the "personality column" she wrote:

Self-starter
Independent
Friendly
Well-organized
Quick learner
Good judgment
Good attitude
Creative
Analytical
Flexible
Good sense of humor
Goal-directed

Module III:

How to Choose a Career

Wondering how to choose a career? Our expert, science-based, self-help approach will guide you in
making a good career decision, one you won't regret.

We've organized it according to the three basic principles of good decision making:

1. Know yourself -- your strengths, values, personality, and skills. This will help you decide which
choice best fits you.

Take the Career Key career test to discover which Holland personality types you are most like.
You can then match the results with the most promising careers, career pathways, college
majors and training programs.
 Read about John Holland's Theory of Career Choice to understand how your success and
satisfaction in a job, school, or college is related to your personality.

Do the activities in Learn about Yourself and Identify Your Skills to understand yourself better.

2. Know your options and learn about each one

To learn about occupations, go to Learn More about the Jobs that Interest Me , Learn about
Occupations, or Choosing a Military Career.

Job Satisfaction will help you optimize your job satisfaction when you choose a career or a
job. It can also help you analyze why you are dissatisfied in your job, if you are one of the
many who are.

To learn about education options, go to Choose a Career Cluster/Career Field/Career

Pathway or Choose a Major or Training Program.

Is starting your own business an option? Click Self-Employment to explore this idea.

Are you thinking of strengthening your job skills but you are unsure which ones are
important? See The Foundation Skills.

3. Make a good decision.

At High-Quality Decision Making you will learn a method based on many scientific studies
that is widely used in business and medical settings. It is easy to understand and use.

Still not sure? Go to Career Indecision and consider getting help from a professional
counselor: Career Counseling

Career Selection from Available Resources:

1. Parents / Heredity

2. Friends

3. In Laws

4. Neighborhood

5. Career Counselors

6. College Career Centre

 7. Placement Agencies.

8. Psychological Guidance / Test

9. Experienced Guidance

Module IV:

Self Awareness

One of the most important factors in building your self esteem and confidence is your self awareness.
But what exactly is it, why is it important and how can you become more self aware?

Being self aware knows:

what you want in your life

your strengths and weaknesses
what motivates you and makes you happy
what you want to change about yourself or about your life
your goal how far
how you relate to others
you need to improve as a person
your most important beliefs and values
how you see yourself as a person

There are other factors that could be added. The last one above has a direct relation to your sense of
self value and self esteem.

Why is self awareness important?

If you want to change your life in any way you need to know yourself before you can act. You need to
know what you need to do to head in the right direction and you can't do that until you know yourself.

In addition, being self aware will mean that you will be better able to choose a suitable career which
will satisfy you. Self awareness can enrich your life because you can then move closer to living your
values and realizing your dreams.

Becoming self aware does not mean being selfish though. Discovering the inner you will enable you to
give more of yourself to others and this will benefit your relationships as well as helping to build your
self esteem and confidence as you become truer to yourself.
 A. Self Confidence

Self-confidence is the confidence one has in oneself, ones knowledge, and ones abilities. It is the
confidence of the type: "I can do this". " I have the ability to do this". Self-confidence is the one thing
that is much more important than many other abilities and traits. If you do not have self-confidence,
what you do will never become fruitful at all. The fruits of what you do without self-confidence are
lost.

1. Dress Sharp

Although clothes dont make the man, they certainly affect the way he feels about himself. No one is
more conscious of your physical appearance than you are. When you dont look good, it changes the
way you carry yourself and interact with other people. Use this to your advantage by taking care of
your personal appearance. In most cases, significant improvements can be made by bathing and
shaving frequently, wearing clean clothes, and being cognizant of the latest styles.

This doesnt mean you need to spend a lot on clothes. One great rule to follow is spend twice as
much, buy half as much. Rather than buying a bunch of cheap clothes, buy half as many select, high
quality items. In long run this decreases spending because expensive clothes wear out less easily and
stay in style longer than cheap clothes. Buying less also helps reduce the clutter in your closet.

2. Walk Faster

One of the easiest ways to tell how a person feels about herself is to examine her walk. Is it slow?
tired? painful? Or is it energetic and purposeful? People with confidence walk quickly. They have
places to go, people to see, and important work to do. Even if you arent in a hurry, you can increase
your self confidence by putting some pep in your step. Walking 25% faster will make to you look and
feel more important.

3. Good Posture

Similarly, the way a person carries herself tells a story. People with slumped shoulders and lethargic
movements display a lack of self confidence. They arent enthusiastic about what theyre doing and
they dont consider themselves important. By practicing good posture, youll automatically feel more
confident. Stand up straight, keep your head up, and make eye contact. Youll make a positive
impression on others and instantly feel more alert and empowered.

4. Personal Commercial

One of the best ways to build confidence is listening to a motivational speech. Unfortunately,
opportunities to listen to a great speaker are few and far between. You can fill this need by creating a
personal commercial. Write a 30-60 second speech that highlights your strengths and goals. Then
recite it in front of the mirror aloud (or inside your head if you prefer) whenever you need a
confidence boost.

5. Gratitude
When you focus too much on what you want, the mind creates reasons why you cant have it. This
leads you to dwell on your weaknesses. The best way to avoid this is consciously focusing on
gratitude. Set aside time each day to mentally list everything you have to be grateful for. Recall your
past successes, unique skills, loving relationships, and positive momentum. Youll be amazed how
much you have going for you and motivated to take that next step towards success.

6. Compliment other people

When we think negatively about ourselves, we often project that feeling on to others in the form of
insults and gossip. To break this cycle of negativity, get in the habit of praising other people. Refuse to
engage in backstabbing gossip and make an effort to compliment those around you. In the process,
youll become well liked and build self confidence. By looking for the best in others, you indirectly
bring out the best in yourself.

7. Sit in the front row

In schools, offices, and public assemblies around the world, people constantly strive to sit at the back
of the room. Most people prefer the back because theyre afraid of being noticed. This reflects a lack
of self confidence. By deciding to sit in the front row, you can get over this irrational fear and build
your self confidence. Youll also be more visible to the important people talking from the front of the
room.

8. Speak up

During group discussions many people never speak up because theyre afraid that people will judge
them for saying something stupid. This fear isnt really justified. Generally, people are much more
accepting than we imagine. In fact most people are dealing with the exact same fears. By making an
effort to speak up at least once in every group discussion, youll become a better public speaker, more
confident in your own thoughts, and recognized as a leader by your peers.

9. Work out

Along the same lines as personal appearance, physical fitness has a huge effect on self confidence. If
youre out of shape, youll feel insecure, unattractive, and less energetic. By working out, you improve
your physcial appearance, energize yourself, and accomplish something positive. Having the discipline
to work out not only makes you feel better, it creates positive momentum that you can build on the rest
of the day.

10. Focus on contribution

Too often we get caught up in our own desires. We focus too much on ourselves and not enough on the
needs of other people. If you stop thinking about yourself and concentrate on the contribution youre
making to the rest of the world, you wont worry as much about you own flaws. This will increase self
confidence and allow you to contribute with maximum efficiency. The more you contribute to the
world the more youll be rewarded with personal success and recognition.

How Good Are Your Presentation Skills?

Understanding Your Impact

How do you feel when you have to make a presentation?

Are you well prepared and relaxed, confident that your performance will have the desired impact on
your audience?
Or is the thought of standing on a podium, holding a microphone, enough to give you stage fright?
Many believe that good presenters are born, not made. This is simply not true. Sure, some people are
more relaxed and comfortable speaking in front of others, but everyone can learn the skills and
techniques they need to increase their level of confidence and performance when presenting.
From sales pitches to training lectures, good presentation and public speaking skills are key to many
influential roles in today's business world. The good news about presenting is that you can improve
with practice.
So do you have the skills you need to do a good job? And how effective are you when you have to
'perform'? Take this short quiz to help you assess your skills.

Presentation Skills:
1. Get People attraction
2. Welcome Them
3. Introduce Yourself
4. State the purpose of your Presentation
5. Ask Question
6. Get feedback
7. Effective Communication
8. Body language
9. Story, Example
10. Structuring the presentation:
Opening 2 to 2.5 Minutes
Middle 20 to 25 Minutes
Closing 2 to 3 Minutes
Question 5 Minutes

Negotiation
Negotiation is a method by which people settle differences. It is a process by which compromise or
agreement is reached while avoiding argument and dispute.
In any disagreement, individuals understandably aim to achieve the best possible outcome for their
position (or perhaps an organisation they represent). However, the principles of fairness, seeking
mutual benefit and maintaining a relationship are the keys to a successful outcome.

Stages of Negotiation
In order to achieve a desirable outcome, it may be useful to follow a structured approach to
negotiation. For example, in a work situation a meeting may need to be arranged in which all parties
involved can come together.

The process of negotiation includes the following stages:

1. Preparation
Before any negotiation takes place, a decision needs to be taken as to when and where a meeting will
take place to discuss the problem and who will attend. Setting a limited time-scale can also be helpful
to prevent the disagreement continuing.
This stage involves ensuring all the pertinent facts of the situation are known in order to clarify your
own position. In the work example above, this would include knowing the rules of your
organisation, to whom help is given, when help is not felt appropriate and the grounds for such
refusals. Your organisation may well have policies to which you can refer in preparation for the
negotiation.
Undertaking preparation before discussing the disagreement will help to avoid further conflict and
unnecessarily wasting time during the meeting.

2. Discussion

During this stage, individuals or members of each side put forward the case as they see it, i.e.
their understanding of the situation.
Key skills during this stage include questioning, listening and clarifying.
Sometimes it is helpful to take notes during the discussion stage to record all points put forward in
case there is need for further clarification. It is extremely important to listen, as when disagreement
takes place it is easy to make the mistake of saying too much and listening too little. Each side should
have an equal opportunity to present their case.
3. Clarifying Goals

From the discussion, the goals, interests and viewpoints of both sides of the disagreement need to
be clarified.
It is helpful to list these factors in order of priority. Through this clarification it is often possible to
identify or establish some common ground. Clarification is an essential part of the negotiation process,
without it misunderstandings are likely to occur which may cause problems and barriers to reaching a
beneficial outcome.

4. Negotiate Towards a Win-Win Outcome

This stage focuses on what is termed a 'win-win' outcome where both sides feel they have gained
something positive through the process of negotiation and both sides feel their point of view has
been taken into consideration.
A win-win outcome is usually the best result. Although this may not always be possible, through
negotiation, it should be the ultimate goal.
Suggestions of alternative strategies and compromises need to be considered at this point.
Compromises are often positive alternatives which can often achieve greater benefit for all concerned
compared to holding to the original positions.

5. Agreement

Agreement can be achieved once understanding of both sides viewpoints and interests have been
considered.
It is essential to for everybody involved to keep an open mind in order to achieve an acceptable
solution. Any agreement needs to be made perfectly clear so that both sides know what has been
decided.

6. Implementing a Course of Action

From the agreement, a course of action has to be implemented to carry through the decision.
Positive Attribute at Workplace:
1. Ambitious
2. Approachable
3. Calm
4. Clever
5. Competitive
6. Confident
7. Committed
 8. Educated
9. Flexible
10. Focused
11. Friendly
12. Honest etc.

Time Management:
Importance of Time Management:
1. Time cannot be recall
2. Every work required time
3. Everyone has same time
Characteristics of time:
1. Neutral
2. Time cannot be save for the future prospectus
3. It is equivalent to money or much important than the money
Factors of time wasting:
1. Recall old things
2. Excessive thinking about the future
3. No work Strategy
4. Laziness
5. Interruptions
Benefits of Time Management:
1. Organized life
2. Reduce stress
3. working efficiency enhance
4. More time
5. Internal Motivation
6. No excuses
7. Less anxiety
8. Healthy family relationship
9. More energy
10. Healthy life
Module 5

Impression Management

Impression Management is the goal directed activity of controlling or regulating information in order to
influence the impression formed by an audience.
How to leave a positive impression:

1. Eye Contact (70% to 80%)

2. A firm handshake
3. Smile on your face
4. Sit with your back straight
5. Never ever cross your legs or fold your arms.
6. Wear blue cloth, blue gives the impression of loyalty and respect.
7. Your tone of voice
8. Social skills
Handling Criticism:
1. Listen what a critics is saying
 2. Dont be defensive

3. Delay reaction

4. Admit Mistake

5. Enjoy the life

How Good Are Your Presentation Skills?

Instructions:
For each statement, click the button in the column that best describes you. Please answer questions as
you actually are (rather than how you think you should be), and don't worry if some questions seem to
score in the 'wrong direction'. When you are finished, please click the 'Calculate My Total' button at
the bottom of the test.

Not Rarel Some Very

Often
at All y times Often

1 The visuals in my
presentation match well with
the information I'm
communicating, and they
help carry the speech.

2 To prepare for my
presentation, I think
carefully about the message
I want to send.

3 Before I present, I become

familiar with the room and
the space in which I'll be
speaking.
Not Rarel Some Very
Often
at All y times Often

4 I plan and practice my

presentation until I can
speak comfortably and
fluently.

5 I assume my audience
knows very little, and then I
give them all the
information they need.

6 I use an indirect, subtle

approach, and I send a
gentle message to my
audience.

7 Anxiety gives me stress, and

brings negative energy to
my presentation.

8 I make sure that organizers

or other staff prepare my
equipment so that I can
arrive right on time and start
immediately.

9 I encourage my audience to
ask questions at the end of
the presentation.

10 I pay attention to my
nonverbal behavior, like
facial expressions and eye
contact, to make sure I stay
engaged with the audience.

11 I use examples to support

my points.

12 My presentations sometimes
take longer than planned.
Not Rarel Some Very
Often
at All y times Often

13 If I want to persuade an
audience, I get them to think
about what the future will be
like if they continue without
making changes.

14 I focus on the main part of

the presentation more than
the beginning and end,
because that's where most of
the information is given.

Score Interpretation

Score Comment

Your presentations are probably quite weak, and perhaps a

little boring. There are lots of ways to bring more
excitement to what, and how, you present. You simply
14-32 need more practice developing the right kind of content
and learning to use your nervousness to create a positive
flow of energy. Read this article for everyday tips on
building your self-confidence. (Read below to start.)

33-51 Your presentations are OK, and they're probably very

typical of average presenters. The impression you leave
isn't good or bad it's essentially nonexistent, and your
message is likely soon forgotten. Use the tips and tools in
this article to add life to your presentations so that your
audience remembers you for all the right reasons.
Score Comment

(Readbelow to start.)