Work Sheet-II

1. Estimate the terminal velocity of a spherical steel particle, 0.4mm in diameter

2m/s2 velocity of particle relative to the oil settling in an oil of density
820kg/m3 and viscosity 10mN.s/m2? The density of steel is 7870kg/m3 using
gravitational settling.
2. A spherical particle of calcium carbonate with a diameter determined
experimentally was given by 20mm and the density of the particle is 2800kg/m3
which were settled under gravitational force with respect to the liquid water at
200c in a cylindrical settling tank. The experiment was conducted for exactly 50
minutes in a range of 10-50min settling times; the particle has achieved its
maximum attainable velocity at 50min.The dimensional drag coefficient which
opposes the dynamics of the particle for this kind of settling was determined to
be 21. What will be the velocity of the particle at the last 50 minutes? Use
viscosity of the fluid 1.995cp @200c respectively.
3. A packed bed of solids of density 2000 kg/m3 occupies a depth of 0.6m in a
cylindrical vessel of inside diameter 0.1m. The mass of solids in the bed is 5kg
and the surface-volume mean diameter of the particles is 300 m. Water
(density 1000 kg/m3 and viscosity 0.001 Pas) flows upwards through the bed.
a) What is the voidage of the packed bed?
b) Use a force balance over the bed to determine the bed pressure drop when
fluidized.
c) Hence, assuming laminar flow and that the voidage at incipient fluidization is
the same as the packed bed voidage, determine the minimum fluidization
velocity. Verify the Reynolds number of the laminar flow
4. A calciumcarbonate slurry is to be filtered in a press having a total area of
86ft2 and operated at a constant pressure drop of 4232lbf/ft2. The frames are
0.118ft thick. Assume that the filter medium resistance is 1.55x1010per ft.
Calculate filtration time and the volume of filtrate obtained in one cycle. Cake
density=73lb/ft3 and the specific cake resistance is given by:
(ft/lb) =2.9x1010(, /) 0.26
Concentration of slurry=14.7lb/ft2
Viscosity of filtrate= 6.6x10-4lb/ft.s
5. A plate and frame press gave a total of 8 m3 of filtrate in 1800 s and 11.3 m3 in
3600 s when filtration was stopped. Estimate the washing time if 3 m3 of wash
water is used. The resistance of the cloth may be neglected and a constant
pressure is used throughout.
6. The data given in the table below were obtained from the constant pressure
period of a pilot scale plate and frame filter press. The mass of dry cake per unit
volume of filtrate amounts to 125 kg/m3, filter area A= 2.72 m2, viscosity of the
filtrate is 10-3 Pa.s, pressure difference P = 3 bar.
Time: 92 160 232 327 418 472 538 (s)
Filtrate volume V: 0.024 0.039 0.054 0.071 0.088 0.096 0.106 (m3)
Calculate the cake resistance?
7. The following relation between specific resistance and pressure drop has been
determined:
8. Laboratory filtrations conducted at constant pressure drop on slurry of CaCO3 in water gave
the data shown in the following table:
Filtrate Test-1 Test-2 Test-3 Test-4 Test-5 ( =
Volume ( =6.7pa) ( =16.2pa) ( =28.2pa) ( =36.3pa) 49.1)
V (m3) t (s) t (s) t (s) t (s) t (s)

0.5 17 7 6 5 4
1.0 41 19 14 12 9
1.5 72 35 24 20 16
2.0 108 53 37 30 25
2.5 152 76 52 43 35
3.0 202 102 69 57 46
3.5 131 89 73 59
4.0 163 110 91 74
4.5 134 111 89
5.0 160 133 107
5.5 157
6.0 183

The filter area is 440cm2; the mass of the solid per unit volume of filtrate was 23.5g/L, viscosity
at 250c is 10-3pa.s. Evaluate the quantities and RM as a function of pressure drop and Calculate
the compressibility coefficient?