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Dretelj camp
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Dretelj camp was a concentration camp run by the Croatian Community of Herzeg-Bosnia
during the Bosnian War.

Contents
1 The camp
2 Recent developments
3 See also
4 References
5 External links

The camp
The camp was located near apljina and Medjugorje in southern Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Originally a Yugoslav National Army barracks, the camp was primarily concrete with six
warehouses, along with two concrete tunnels that were dug into the hillsides. Each warehouse
was roughly 200 square meters, of which the Croats fit anywhere between 400 to 700
prisoners. [1]

The HVO detained Bosniak men at the Dretelj Prison concentration camp primarily from
April to September 1993, with some Bosniaks detained there until approximately April 1994.
The prison population at Dretelj Prison peaked on 11 July 1993, when the HVO detained
approximately 2,270 Bosniak men at the prison. After that, the detainee population averaged
about 1,700 Bosniak men.[2]

During the time from 30 June until mid-July 1993, the Herceg-Bosna/HVO authorities
conducted mass arrests of Bosniak men, including Bosniak members of the HVO, and
detained many of them at Dretelj Prison. The Herceg-Bosna/HVO authorities held and
continued to detain Bosniak men at the Dretelj Prison concentration camp irrespective of their
civilian or military status, including a number of boys younger than sixteen and men older
than sixty. The Herceg-Bosna/HVO authorities made no bona fide or adequate effort to
distinguish military detainees from civilians, or to provide generally for the release of civilian
detainees. During August and September 1993, the HVO criteria for releasing Bosnian
Muslim men from detention included being married to a Croat woman or possessing a visa
and letter of guarantee to leave Bosnia and Herzegovina to another country. Many Bosnian
Muslims detained at Dretelj Prison were deported by the Herceg-Bosna/HVO authorities to
other countries, via the Republic of Croatia.[2]
Conditions at Dretelj Prison were harsh and unhealthy due to overcrowding, bad ventilation,
no beds and insufficient bedding, and inadequate sanitary facilities. The HVO provided the
detainees with insufficient food and water and often made them eat under cruel and
humiliating circumstances. In the heat of mid-July 1993, the HVO kept detainees locked up
without food and water for a number of days, resulting in the death of at least one Bosnian
Muslim detainee.[2]

Throughout the time that Bosniaks were detained at Dretelj Prison, HVO members, including
the prison warden and members of HVO units not attached to the prison, subjected detainees
to beatings and cruel treatment, including constant fear of physical and mental abuse. Bosniak
detainees were sometimes forced or instigated to beat or abuse other Bosniak detainees.
Bosniak detainees held in the isolation cell were particularly brutalised. Bosniak detainees
were harassed, subjected to ethnic insults and humiliated.[2]

The HVO acts and practices resulted in the serious injury and occasional death of many
Bosniak detainees. At least four Bosniak detainees died at the Dretelj Prison concentration
camp as a result of being beaten or shot by HVO members.[2]

Recent developments
Jadranko Prli, Bruno Stoji, Slobodan Praljak, Milivoj Petkovi, Valentin Cori, and
Berislav Pui were all charged with being part of a joint criminal enterprise from November
1991 to April 1994 to ethnically cleanse non-Croats from certain areas of Bosnia and
Herzegovina. The indictment states that members of the enterprise (along with the HVO) set
up and ran a network of prison camps, including the Heliodrom camp and Dretelj camp, to
arrest, detain and imprison thousands of Bosniaks. Bosniaks in the camps were allegedly
starved and subjected to physical and psychological abuse, including beatings and sexual
assaults.[3][4]

The six Accused are charged on the basis of both their individual and superior criminal
responsibility under Articles 7(1) and 7(3) of the Statute respectively for:[3]

nine counts of grave breaches of the Geneva conventions (willful killing; inhuman
treatment (sexual assault); unlawful deportation of a civilian; unlawful transfer of a
civilian; unlawful confinement of a civilian; inhuman treatment (conditions of
confinement); inhuman treatment; extensive destruction of property, not justified by
military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly; appropriation of property,
not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly).

nine counts of violations of the laws or customs of war (cruel treatment (conditions of
confinement); cruel treatment; unlawful labour; wanton destruction of cities, towns or
villages, or destruction not justified by military necessity; destruction or willful
damage done to institutions dedicated to religion or education; plunder of public or
private property; unlawful attack on civilians; unlawful infliction of terror on civilians;
cruel treatment), and

eight counts of crimes against humanity (persecutions on political, racial and religious
grounds; murder; rape; deportation; inhumane acts (forcible transfer); imprisonment;
inhumane acts (conditions of confinement); inhumane acts).
See also
Bosnian Genocide
Gabela camp
elebii prison camp
Heliodrom camp
Keraterm camp
Manjaa camp
Omarska camp
Trnopolje camp
Uzamnica camp
Vilina Vlas
Vojno camp

References
1. ^ http://www.haverford.edu/relg/sells/stolac/CrimesSt.pdf
2. ^ a b c d e http://www.icty.org/x/cases/prlic/ind/en/prl-ii040304e.htm
3. ^ a b http://www.un.org/icty/pressreal/2004/p836-e.htm
4. ^ http://www.iwpr.net/?p=tri&s=f&o=333523&apc_state=henptri

External links
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0SOR/is_3_64/ai_109568881/pg_9
http://www.barnsdle.demon.co.uk/bosnia/stolac.html
http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/ANX/VIII-03.htm
http://www.sense-agency.com/en/stream.php?sta=3&pid=8602&kat=3
http://www.barnsdle.demon.co.uk/bosnia/stolac.html
http://www.crimesofwar.org/thebook/concentration-camps.html
http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/perfil/db/facts/rafik_saric_517.html
http://www.gfbv.ba/index.php?id=153
http://www.gfbv.ba/index.php?id=162
http://www.idc.org.ba/documents/report5.htm

TRAD

Camp Dretelj
Un article de Wikipdia, l'encyclopdie libre

Le camp de Dretelj tait un camp de concentration gr par la communaut croate d'Herzgovine

pendant la guerre de Bosnie.
Contenu

1 Le camp
2 Dveloppements rcents
Voir aussi
 4 Rfrences
5 Liens externes

Le camp

Le camp tait situ prs de apljina et Medjugorje dans le sud de la Bosnie-Herzgovine. l'origine
une caserne de l'arme nationale yougoslave, le camp tait principalement bton avec six entrepts,
avec deux tunnels de bton qui ont t creuss dans les coteaux. Chaque entrept possdait environ
200 mtres carrs, dont les Croates peuvent aller de 400 700 prisonniers. [1]

Le HVO a dtenu des hommes bosniaques au camp de concentration de Dretelj, principalement

d'avril septembre 1993, et quelques Bosniaques y ont t arrts jusqu'en avril 1994. La population
carcrale de la Prison de Dretelj a atteint son apoge le 11 juillet 1993, date laquelle le HVO a
arrt environ 2 270 Bosniaques. prison. Aprs cela, la population de dtenus tait en moyenne
d'environ 1 700 Bosniaques [2].

Entre le 30 juin et la mi-juillet 1993, les autorits de Herceg-Bosna / HVO ont procd des
arrestations massives d'hommes bosniaques, y compris des membres bosniaques du HVO, et ont
dtenu un grand nombre d'entre eux la prison de Dretelj. Les autorits de l'Herceg-Bosna / du HVO
ont dtenu et continu dtenir des hommes bosniaques au camp de concentration de Dretelj, quel
que soit leur statut civil ou militaire, y compris un certain nombre de garons de moins de seize ans
et des hommes de plus de soixante ans. Les autorits de l'Herceg-Bosna / du HVO n'ont fait aucun
effort srieux ni adquat pour distinguer les dtenus militaires des civils ou pour assurer en gnral
la libration des dtenus civils. En aot et septembre 1993, les critres du HVO pour librer des
hommes musulmans de Bosnie de la dtention incluaient le mariage avec une Croate ou un visa et
une lettre de garantie pour quitter la Bosnie-Herzgovine dans un autre pays. De nombreux
Musulmans de Bosnie dtenus la prison de Dretelj ont t dports par les autorits de Herceg-
Bosna / HVO vers d'autres pays, via la Rpublique de Croatie [2].

Les conditions de la prison de Dretelj taient dures et insalubres en raison de la surpopulation, de la

mauvaise ventilation, de l'absence de lits et de la literie insuffisante, et des installations sanitaires
inadquates. Le HVO a fourni aux dtenus suffisamment de nourriture et d'eau et les a souvent fait
manger dans des conditions cruelles et humiliantes. la mi-juillet 1993, le HVO a maintenu les
prisonniers enferms sans nourriture ni eau pendant plusieurs jours, ce qui a entran la mort d'au
moins un dtenu musulman de Bosnie [2].

Tout au long de la dtention des Bosniens la prison de Dretelj, les membres du HVO, y compris le
directeur de la prison et les membres des units du HVO non rattachs la prison, ont soumis les
dtenus des coups et des traitements cruels. Les dtenus bosniaques ont parfois t forcs ou
incits battre ou abuser d'autres dtenus bosniaques. Les dtenus bosniaques dtenus dans la
cellule d'isolement ont t particulirement brutaliss. Les dtenus bosniaques ont t harcels,
soumis des insultes ethniques et humilis [2].

Les actes et pratiques du HVO ont entran des blessures graves et la mort occasionnelle de
nombreux dtenus bosniaques. Au moins quatre dtenus bosniaques sont morts au camp de
concentration de Dretelj, suite des coups de feu ou des coups de feu infligs par des membres du
HVO [2].
DEVELOPPEMENTS rcents
Jadranko Prli, Slobodan Praljak, Milivoj Petkovi, Valentin Cori et Berislav Pui ont t accuss
d'appartenir une entreprise criminelle commune de novembre 1991 avril 1994 pour nettoyer
ethniquement les non-Croates de certaines rgions de Bosnie-Herzgovine. Selon l'acte d'accusation,
les membres de l'entreprise (ainsi que le HVO) ont cr et dirig un rseau de camps de prisonniers,
y compris le camp d'Heliodrom et le camp de Dretelj, pour arrter, dtenir et emprisonner des
milliers de Bosniaques. Les Bosniaques dans les camps auraient t affams et soumis des svices
physiques et psychologiques, y compris des coups et des agressions sexuelles. [3] [4]

Les six Accuss sont accuss en raison de leur responsabilit pnale individuelle et suprieure
respectivement en vertu des articles 7 1) et 7 3) du Statut: [3]

Neuf chefs d'accusation de violation grave des Conventions de Genve (homicide volontaire,
traitement inhumain (agression sexuelle), expulsion illgale d'un civil, transfert illgal d'un civil,
confinement illgal d'un civil, traitement inhumain (conditions d'internement), traitement inhumain,
Destruction de biens, non justifie par une ncessit militaire et excute illgalement et
arbitrairement, appropriation de biens non justifie par une ncessit militaire et excute
illgalement et arbitrairement).

Neuf chefs d'accusation de violation des lois ou coutumes de la guerre (traitements cruels
(conditions de confinement), traitements cruels, travail illgal, destruction sans motif de villes ou de
villages ou destruction non justifie par des ncessits militaires, Dvouement la religion ou
l'ducation, le pillage de biens publics ou privs, les attaques illgales contre des civils, l'infliction
illgale de terreur sur des civils, les traitements cruels) et

Huit chefs d'accusation de crimes contre l'humanit (perscutions pour des raisons politiques,
raciales et religieuses, meurtre, viol, dportation, actes inhumains (transfert forc),
emprisonnement, actes inhumains (conditions d'internement), actes inhumains).