Secondary

Crop Classification
Crops that provide ecosytem services: cover crops, green manures, natural nitrogen fertilization, feed for livestock, etc.

Botanical Family Common Name Temp Cyle Services Provided

Amaranthaceae Beets Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, good forage for hogs
Mammoth Red Mangel Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, good forage for hogs
Yellow Cylindrical Mangel Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, good forage for hogs
Boraginaceae Phacelia Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure
Brassicaceae Arugula Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, disease suppression
Idagold Mustard Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, disease suppression
Indian Mustard Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, strongest disease suppression
Kohlrabi Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, good forage for hogs
Oilseed Radish Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, disease suppression
Pacific Gold Mustard Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, disease suppression
Rapesed/Canola Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, disease suppression
Turnip Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, good forage for hogs
Fabaceae Alfalfa Cool Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture, hay, haylage, excellent palatability
Alyceclover Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, pasture, hay
Annual Lespedeza Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, pasture, hay
Arrowleaf Clover Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
Balansa Clover Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
Berseem Clover Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
Bigflower Vetch Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage
BirdsTrefoil Cool Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture
Chickling Vetch Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage
Common Vetch Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage
Cowpea Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure
Crimson Clover Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
Fava/bell Bean Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure
Field Pea Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
Hairy Vetch Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage
Hyacinth Bean Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure
Jack Bean Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure
Lupine Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure
Mammoth Red Clover Cool Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture, hay
Medics Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
 New Zealand White Clover Cool Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture, high graze tolerance
Perennial Peanut Warm Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture, hay
Red Clover Cool Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture, hay
Serciea Lespedeza Warm Perennial Nitrogen fixing, hay, tolerates drought and low soil fertility, tannins
Soybean Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure
Subterranean Clover Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, high graze tolerance
Sunn hemp Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, nematode suppression
Sweet Clover Cool Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture, hay
Velvet Bean Warm Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure
White Clover Cool Perennial Nitrogen fixing, pasture, high graze tolerance
Winter Pea Cool Annual Nitrogen fixing, cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
Pedaliaceae Sesame Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, nematode suppression
Poaceae Annual Ryegrass Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage, potential ergot disease
Bahiagrass Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, ergot disease potential in seeds
Barley Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage
Bermudagrass Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, high graze tolerance
Big Bluestem Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, lots of biomass, excellent palatability
Browntop Millet Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay
Caucasian Bluestem Warm Perennial Pasture, hay
Crabgrass Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, self-sows/can become weedy
Dallisgrass Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, ergot disease potential in seeds
Eastern Gamagrass Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, lots of biomass
Foxtail Millet Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, hay but not for horses
Indiangrass Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, lots of biomass
Italian Ryegrass Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure
Johnsongrass Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, weedy and prussic acid potential
Kentucky Bluegrass Cool Perennial Pasture, hige graze tolerance
Matuagrass Cool Perennial Pasture, short lived
Oats Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage
Orchardgrass Cool Perennial Pasture, hay
Pearl Millet Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, silage
Reed Canarygrass Cool Perennial Pasture, hay, silage, bog tolerant
Rye Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, allelopathic
Smooth Bromegrass Cool Perennial Pasture, hay, silage
Sorghum-Sudangrass Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage, prussic acid potential, allelopathic
Sudangrass Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage, prussic acid potential, allelopathic
Switchgrass Warm Perennial Pasture, hay, lots of biomass, lower palatability
Tall Fescue Cool Perennial Pasture, hay, most persistent of grasses, buy friendly endophyte-infected
 Teff grass Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, excellent palatability
Timothy Cool Perennial Pasture, hay, excellent palatability
Triticale Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, hay, silage
Wheat Cool Annual Cover crop, green manure, pasture, hay, silage
Polygonaceae Buckwheat Warm Annual Cover crop, green manure