Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Syntax:
do
Block of statements
again expression
Example:
x = 1
do
see x + nl
x++
again x <= 10
Example:
for x = 1 to 10
see x + nl
if x = 5 exit ok
next
The next example presents how to use the exit command to exit from two loops in one jump.
Example:
for x = 1 to 10
for y = 1 to 10
see "x=" + x + " y=" + y + nl
if x = 3 and y = 5
exit 2 # exit from 2 loops
ok
next
next
Example:
for x = 1 to 10
if x = 3
see "Number Three" + nl
loop
ok
see x + nl
next
While we are inside a loop, we can call a function then use the exit and/or loop command inside that function and the
command will work on the outer loop.
Example:
# print numbers from 1 to 10 except number 5.
for x = 1 to 10
ignore(x,5)
see x + nl
next
x = 0 y = 10
Example:
# No output
x = 0 y = 10
Example:
/* output
** nice
** great
*/
x = 0 y = 10
False = 0
nl = new line
NULL = empty string =
Everything evaluates to true except 0 (False).
Example:
# output = message from the if statement
NINETEEN
In this chapter we are going to learn about the second style of control structures provided by the Ring programming
language.
19.1 Branching
If Statement
Syntax:
if Expression
Block of statements
elseif Expression
Block of statements
else
Block of statements
end
Example:
put "
Main Menu
---------
(1) Say Hello
(2) About
(3) Exit
if nOption = 1 put "Enter your name : " get name put "Hello " + name + nl
elseif nOption = 2 put "Sample : using if statement" + nl
elseif nOption = 3 bye
else put "bad option..." + nl
end
Switch Statement
Syntax:
switch Expression
case Expression
Block of statements
else
Block of statements
end
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Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.1
Example:
Put "
Main Menu
---------
(1) Say Hello
(2) About
(3) Exit
Switch nOption
Case 1 Put "Enter your name : " Get name Put "Hello " + name + nl
Case 2 Put "Sample : using switch statement" + nl
Case 3 Bye
Else Put "bad option..." + nl
End
19.2 Looping
While Loop
Syntax:
while Expression
Block of statements
end
Example:
While True
Put "
Main Menu
---------
(1) Say Hello
(2) About
(3) Exit
Switch nOption
Case 1
Put "Enter your name : "
Get name
Put "Hello " + name + nl
Case 2
Put "Sample : using while loop" + nl
Case 3
Bye
Else
Put "bad option..." + nl
End
End
For Loop
Syntax:
Example:
# print numbers from 1 to 10
for x = 1 to 10 put x + nl end
Example:
# Dynamic loop
Put "Start : " get nStart
Put "End : " get nEnd
Put "Step : " get nStep
For x = nStart to nEnd Step nStep
Put x + nl
End
Example:
# print even numbers from 0 to 10
for x = 0 to 10 step 2
Put x + nl
end
Example:
# print even numbers from 10 to 0
for x = 10 to 0 step -2
put x + nl
end
For in Loop
Syntax:
for identifier in List/String [step expression]
Block of statements
end
Example:
aList = 1:10 # create list contains numbers from 1 to 10
for x in aList put x + nl end # print numbers from 1 to 10
19.3 Exceptions
try
Block of statements
catch
Block of statements
end
TWENTY
In this chapter we are going to learn about the third style of control structures provided by the Ring programming
language.
20.1 Branching
If Statement
Syntax:
if Expression {
Block of statements
elseif Expression
Block of statements
else
Block of statements
}
Example:
Load "stdlib.ring"
print("
Main Menu
---------
(1) Say Hello
(2) About
(3) Exit
")
nOption = getnumber()
if nOption = 1 {
print("Enter your name : ")
name = getstring()
print("Hello #{name}\n")
elseif nOption = 2
print("Sample : using if statement\n")
elseif nOption = 3
bye
else
print("bad option...\n")
}
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Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.1
Switch Statement
Syntax:
switch Expression {
case Expression
Block of statements
else
Block of statements
}
Example:
Load "stdlib.ring"
print("
Main Menu
---------
(1) Say Hello
(2) About
(3) Exit
")
nOption = GetString()
switch nOption {
case 1
print("Enter your name : ")
name = getstring()
print("Hello #{name}\n")
case 2
print("Sample : using switch statement\n")
case 3
Bye
else
print("bad option...\n")
}
20.2 Looping
While Loop
Syntax:
while Expression {
Block of statements
}
Example:
Load "stdlib.ring"
While True {
print("
Main Menu
---------
")
nOption = GetString()
switch nOption {
case 1
print("Enter your name : ")
name = getstring()
print("Hello #{name}\n")
case 2
print("Sample : using switch statement\n")
case 3
Bye
else
print("bad option...\n")
}
For Loop
Syntax:
for identifier=expression to expression [step expression] {
Block of statements
}
Example:
# print numbers from 1 to 10
load "stdlib.ring"
for x = 1 to 10 {
print("#{x}\n")
}
Example:
load "stdlib.ring"
# Dynamic loop
print("Start : ") nStart = getnumber()
print("End : ") nEnd = getnumber()
print("Step : ") nStep = getnumber()
for x = nStart to nEnd step nStep {
print("#{x}\n")
}
Example:
load "stdlib.ring"