Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 1
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

GABION RETAINING WALL ANLYSIS & DESIGN

In accordance with ASCE

Wall geometry
Width of gabion 1; w1 = 4000 mm
Height of gabion 1; h1 = 1000 mm
Width of gabion 2; w2 = 3500 mm
Height of gabion 2; h2 = 1000 mm
Step to front face between courses 1 and 2; s2 = 0 mm
Width of gabion 3; w3 = 2500 mm
Height of gabion 3; h3 = 1000 mm
Step to front face between courses 2 and 3; s3 = 0 mm
Width of gabion 4; w4 = 1500 mm
Height of gabion 4; h4 = 1000 mm
Step to front face between courses 3 and 4; s4 = 0 mm
 Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 2
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

Width of gabion 5; w5 = 1000 mm

Height of gabion 5; h5 = 1000 mm
Step to front face between courses 4 and 5; s5 = 0 mm
Wall inclination; = 0 deg
Gabion properties
Unit weight of fill; d = 16.0 kN/m3
Friction between gabions; bg = 35.0 deg
Loading
Variable surcharge; po,Q = 5 kN/m2
Soil properties
Slope of retained soil; = 20.0 deg
Mobilization factor; M = 1.000
Internal angle of friction for retained soil; = 33.3 deg
Developed internal angle of friction for retained soil; = atan(tan() M) = 33.3 deg
Saturated density of retained soil; s = 21.0 kN/m3
Wall friction angle; = 17.0 deg
Base friction angle; b = 30.0 deg
Bearing capacity of founding soil; q = 255.0 kN/m2
Wall geometry
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 1; xg1 = w1 / 2 = 2000 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 1; yg1 = h1 / 2 = 500 mm
Weight of gabion 1; Wg1 = d w1 h1 = 64.0 kN/m
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 2; xg2 = w2 / 2 + s2 = 1750 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 2; yg2 = h2 / 2 + h1 = 1500 mm
Weight of gabion 2; Wg2 = d w2 h2 = 56.0 kN/m
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 3; xg3 = w3 / 2 + s2 + s3 = 1250 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 3; yg3 = h3 / 2 + h1 + h2 = 2500 mm
Weight of gabion 3; Wg3 = d w3 h3 = 40.0 kN/m
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 4; xg4 = w4 / 2 + s2 + s3 + s4 = 750 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 4; yg4 = h4 / 2 + h1 + h2 + h3 = 3500 mm
Weight of gabion 4; Wg4 = d w4 h4 = 24.0 kN/m
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 5; xg5 = w5 / 2 + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 = 500 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 5; yg5 = h5 / 2 + h1 + h2 + h3 + h4 = 4500 mm
Weight of gabion 5; Wg5 = d w5 h5 = 16.0 kN/m
Weight of entire gabion; Wg = W g1 + W g2 + Wg3 + Wg4 + W g5 = 200.0 kN/m
Horiz distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; xg = ((W g1 xg1) + (W g2 xg2) + (W g3 xg3) + (W g4 xg4) + (W g5 xg5)) / W g
= 1510 mm
Vert distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; yg = ((W g1 yg1) + (W g2 yg2) + (W g3 yg3) + (W g4 yg4) + (Wg5 yg5)) / W g
= 1860 mm
Correcting for wall inclination horiz dist; Xg = xg cos() + yg sin() = 1510 mm
 Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 3
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

Vertical change in height due to wall inclination; Hf = yg5 + h5/2 - ((yg5 + h5/2) cos() - (xg5 + w5/2) sin()) = 0 mm
Design dimensions
Effective angle of rear plane of wall; = 90deg - Atan((w1 - (xg5 + (w5 / 2))) / (yg5 + h5 / 2)) + = 59.0 deg
Effective face angle; = 90deg - = 90.0 deg
Effective height of wall; H = (yg5 + h5 / 2) + (w1 sin()) - Hf = 5000 mm
Height of wall from toe to front edge of top gabion; Hincl = ((yg5 + h5 / 2) cos() - (xg5 - (w5 / 2)) sin()) = 5000mm
Active pressure using Coulomb theory; Ka = sin( + ')2 / (sin()2 sin( - ) [1 + [sin(' + ) sin(' - ) / (sin(
- ) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.879
Active thrust due to soil; Pa,soil = 0.5 Ka s H2 = 230.7 kN/m
Horizontal forces
Retained soil; Fsoil_h = Pa,soil cos(90 - + ) = 154.5 kN/m
Height of soil thrust resolved vertically; dh,soil = H / 3 - w1 sin() = 1667 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_h = po,Q Ka H cos(90 - + ) = 14.7 kN/m
Height of surcharge thrust resolved vertically; dh,surch = H / 2 - w1 sin() = 2500 mm
Vertical forces
Gabion weight; Fgabion_v = W g = 200.0 kN/m
Retained soil; Fsoil_v = Pa,soil sin(90 - + ) = 171.4 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where soil thrust acts; bv,soil = w1 cos() - (H / 3) / tan() = 3000 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_v = po,Q Ka H sin(90 - + ) = 16.3 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where surcharge thrust acts; bv,surch = w1 cos() - (H / 2) / tan() = 2500 mm
Overturning stability - take moments about the toe
Overturning moment; Mo = Fsoil_h dh,soil + Fsurch_h dh,surch = 294.3 kNm/m
Restoring moment; MR = Fgabion_v Xg + Fsoil_v bv,soil + Fsurch_v bv,surch = 856.9 kNm/m
Factor of safety; FoSM = MR / Mo = 2.912
Allowable factor of safety; FoSM_allow = 2.000
PASS - Design FOS for overturning exceeds min allowable FOS for overturning
Sliding stability - ignore any passive pressure in front of the structure
Total horizontal force; T = Fsoil_h + Fsurch_h = 169.2 kN/m
Total vertical force; N = Fgabion_v + Fsoil_v + Fsurch_v = 387.7 kN/m
Sliding force; Ff = T cos() - N sin() = 169.2 kN/m
Sliding resistance; FR = (T sin() + N cos()) tan(b) = 223.8 kN/m
Factor of safety; FoSS = FR / Ff = 1.323
Allowable factor of safety; FoSS_allow = 1.000
PASS - Design FOS for sliding exceeds min allowable FOS for sliding
Pressure at base
Force normal to base; Ns = N cos() + T sin() = 387.7 kN/m
Eccentricity; e = w1 / 2 - (MR - Mo) / Ns = 549 mm
Reaction acts within middle third of base
Pressure at toe; toe = Ns / w1 (1 + (6 e / w1)) = 176.7 kN/m2
 Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 4
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

Pressure at heel; heel = Ns / w1 (1 - (6 e / w1)) = 17.1 kN/m2

Factor of safety; FoSQ = q / max(toe, heel) = 1.443
Allowable factor of safety; FoSQ_allow = 1.000
PASS - Allowable bearing pressure exceeds max design pressure to base

Check overturning and sliding between courses 1 and 2

Wall geometry
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 2;
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 2;
Weight of gabion 2;
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 3;
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 3;
Weight of gabion 3;
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 4;
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 4;
Weight of gabion 4;
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 5;
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 5;
Weight of gabion 5;
Weight of entire gabion;
Horiz distance to centre of gravity entire gabion;
Vert distance to centre of gravity entire gabion;
Correcting for wall inclination horiz dist;
Vertical change in height due to wall inclination;
Design dimensions
Effective angle of rear plane of wall;
Effective face angle;
Effective height of wall;
Height of wall from toe to front edge of top gabion;
Active pressure using Coulomb theory;
Active thrust due to soil;
Horizontal forces
Retained soil;
Height of soil thrust resolved vertically;
Surcharge;
Height of surcharge thrust resolved vertically;
Vertical forces
Gabion weight;
Retained soil;
xg2 = w2 / 2 = 1750 mm
yg2 = h2 / 2 = 500 mm
Wg2 = d w2 h2 = 56.0 kN/m
xg3 = w3 / 2 + s3 = 1250 mm
yg3 = h3 / 2 + h2 = 1500 mm
Wg3 = d w3 h3 = 40.0 kN/m
xg4 = w4 / 2 + s3 + s4 = 750 mm
yg4 = h4 / 2 + h2 + h3 = 2500 mm
Wg4 = d w4 h4 = 24.0 kN/m
xg5 = w5 / 2 + s3 + s4 + s5 = 500 mm
yg5 = h5 / 2 + h2 + h3 + h4 = 3500 mm
Wg5 = d w5 h5 = 16.0 kN/m
Wg = W g2 + W g3 + Wg4 + Wg5 = 136.0 kN/m
xg = ((W g2 xg2) + (W g3 xg3) + (W g4 xg4) + (W g5 xg5)) / Wg = 1279 mm
yg = ((W g2 yg2) + (W g3 yg3) + (W g4 yg4) + (W g5 yg5)) / Wg = 1500 mm
Xg = xg cos() + yg sin() = 1279 mm
Hf = yg5 + h5/2 - ((yg5 + h5/2) cos() - (xg5 + w5/2) sin()) = 0 mm
= 90deg - Atan((w2 - (xg5 + (w5 / 2))) / (yg5 + h5 / 2)) + = 58.0 deg
= 90deg - = 90.0 deg
H = (yg5 + h5 / 2) + (w2 sin()) - Hf = 4000 mm
Hincl = ((yg5 + h5 / 2) cos() - (xg5 - (w5 / 2)) sin()) = 4000mm
Ka = sin( + ')2 / (sin()2 sin( - ) [1 + [sin(' + ) sin(' - ) / (sin(
- ) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.911
Pa,soil = 0.5 Ka s H2 = 153.0 kN/m
Fsoil_h = Pa,soil cos(90 - + ) = 100.4 kN/m
dh,soil = H / 3 - w2 sin() = 1333 mm
Fsurch_h = po,Q Ka H cos(90 - + ) = 11.9 kN/m
dh,surch = H / 2 - w2 sin() = 2000 mm
Fgabion_v = W g = 136.0 kN/m
Fsoil_v = Pa,soil sin(90 - + ) = 115.5 kN/m
 Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 5
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

Horizontal dist to where soil thrust acts; bv,soil = w2 cos() - (H / 3) / tan() = 2667 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_v = po,Q Ka H sin(90 - + ) = 13.7 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where surcharge thrust acts; bv,surch = w2 cos() - (H / 2) / tan() = 2250 mm
Overturning stability - take moments about the toe
Overturning moment; Mo = Fsoil_h dh,soil + Fsurch_h dh,surch = 157.7 kNm/m
Restoring moment; MR = Fgabion_v Xg + Fsoil_v bv,soil + Fsurch_v bv,surch = 512.9 kNm/m
Factor of safety; FoSM = MR / Mo = 3.252
Allowable factor of safety; FoSM_allow = 2.000
PASS - Design FOS for overturning exceeds min allowable FOS for overturning
Sliding stability - ignore any passive pressure in front of the structure
Total horizontal force; T = Fsoil_h + Fsurch_h = 112.3 kN/m
Total vertical force; N = Fgabion_v + Fsoil_v + Fsurch_v = 265.2 kN/m
Sliding force; Ff = T cos() - N sin() = 112.3 kN/m
Sliding resistance; FR = (T sin() + N cos()) tan(bg) = 185.7 kN/m
Factor of safety; FoSS = FR / Ff = 1.653
Allowable factor of safety; FoSS_allow = 1.000
PASS - Design FOS for sliding exceeds min allowable FOS for sliding

Check overturning and sliding between courses 2 and 3

Wall geometry
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 3;
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 3;
Weight of gabion 3;
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 4;
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 4;
Weight of gabion 4;
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 5;
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 5;
Weight of gabion 5;
Weight of entire gabion;
Horiz distance to centre of gravity entire gabion;
Vert distance to centre of gravity entire gabion;
Correcting for wall inclination horiz dist;
Vertical change in height due to wall inclination;
Design dimensions
Effective angle of rear plane of wall;
Effective face angle;
Effective height of wall;
Height of wall from toe to front edge of top gabion;
Active pressure using Coulomb theory;
xg3 = w3 / 2 = 1250 mm
yg3 = h3 / 2 = 500 mm
Wg3 = d w3 h3 = 40.0 kN/m
xg4 = w4 / 2 + s4 = 750 mm
yg4 = h4 / 2 + h3 = 1500 mm
Wg4 = d w4 h4 = 24.0 kN/m
xg5 = w5 / 2 + s4 + s5 = 500 mm
yg5 = h5 / 2 + h3 + h4 = 2500 mm
Wg5 = d w5 h5 = 16.0 kN/m
Wg = W g3 + W g4 + Wg5 = 80.0 kN/m
xg = ((W g3 xg3) + (W g4 xg4) + (W g5 xg5)) / W g = 950 mm
yg = ((W g3 yg3) + (W g4 yg4) + (W g5 yg5)) / W g = 1200 mm
Xg = xg cos() + yg sin() = 950 mm
Hf = yg5 + h5/2 - ((yg5 + h5/2) cos() - (xg5 + w5/2) sin()) = 0 mm
= 90deg - Atan((w3 - (xg5 + (w5 / 2))) / (yg5 + h5 / 2)) + = 63.4 deg
= 90deg - = 90.0 deg
H = (yg5 + h5 / 2) + (w3 sin()) - Hf = 3000 mm
Hincl = ((yg5 + h5 / 2) cos() - (xg5 - (w5 / 2)) sin()) = 3000mm
Ka = sin( + ')2 / (sin()2 sin( - ) [1 + [sin(' + ) sin(' - ) / (sin(
- ) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.760
 Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 6
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

Active thrust due to soil; Pa,soil = 0.5 Ka s H2 = 71.9 kN/m

Horizontal forces
Retained soil; Fsoil_h = Pa,soil cos(90 - + ) = 52.1 kN/m
Height of soil thrust resolved vertically; dh,soil = H / 3 - w3 sin() = 1000 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_h = po,Q Ka H cos(90 - + ) = 8.3 kN/m
Height of surcharge thrust resolved vertically; dh,surch = H / 2 - w3 sin() = 1500 mm
Vertical forces
Gabion weight; Fgabion_v = W g = 80.0 kN/m
Retained soil; Fsoil_v = Pa,soil sin(90 - + ) = 49.5 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where soil thrust acts; bv,soil = w3 cos() - (H / 3) / tan() = 2000 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_v = po,Q Ka H sin(90 - + ) = 7.9 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where surcharge thrust acts; bv,surch = w3 cos() - (H / 2) / tan() = 1750 mm
Overturning stability - take moments about the toe
Overturning moment; Mo = Fsoil_h dh,soil + Fsurch_h dh,surch = 64.5 kNm/m
Restoring moment; MR = Fgabion_v Xg + Fsoil_v bv,soil + Fsurch_v bv,surch = 188.8 kNm/m
Factor of safety; FoSM = MR / Mo = 2.929
Allowable factor of safety; FoSM_allow = 2.000
PASS - Design FOS for overturning exceeds min allowable FOS for overturning
Sliding stability - ignore any passive pressure in front of the structure
Total horizontal force; T = Fsoil_h + Fsurch_h = 60.3 kN/m
Total vertical force; N = Fgabion_v + Fsoil_v + Fsurch_v = 137.4 kN/m
Sliding force; Ff = T cos() - N sin() = 60.3 kN/m
Sliding resistance; FR = (T sin() + N cos()) tan(bg) = 96.2 kN/m
Factor of safety; FoSS = FR / Ff = 1.595
Allowable factor of safety; FoSS_allow = 1.000
PASS - Design FOS for sliding exceeds min allowable FOS for sliding

Check overturning and sliding between courses 3 and 4

Wall geometry
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 4; xg4 = w4 / 2 = 750 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 4; yg4 = h4 / 2 = 500 mm
Weight of gabion 4; Wg4 = d w4 h4 = 24.0 kN/m
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 5; xg5 = w5 / 2 + s5 = 500 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 5; yg5 = h5 / 2 + h4 = 1500 mm
Weight of gabion 5; Wg5 = d w5 h5 = 16.0 kN/m
Weight of entire gabion; Wg = W g4 + W g5 = 40.0 kN/m
Horiz distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; xg = ((W g4 xg4) + (W g5 xg5)) / W g = 650 mm
Vert distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; yg = ((W g4 yg4) + (W g5 yg5)) / W g = 900 mm
Correcting for wall inclination horiz dist; Xg = xg cos() + yg sin() = 650 mm
Vertical change in height due to wall inclination; Hf = yg5 + h5/2 - ((yg5 + h5/2) cos() - (xg5 + w5/2) sin()) = 0 mm
 Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 7
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

Design dimensions
Effective angle of rear plane of wall; = 90deg - Atan((w4 - (xg5 + (w5 / 2))) / (yg5 + h5 / 2)) + = 76.0 deg
Effective face angle; = 90deg - = 90.0 deg
Effective height of wall; H = (yg5 + h5 / 2) + (w4 sin()) - Hf = 2000 mm
Height of wall from toe to front edge of top gabion; Hincl = ((yg5 + h5 / 2) cos() - (xg5 - (w5 / 2)) sin()) = 2000mm
Active pressure using Coulomb theory; Ka = sin( + ')2 / (sin()2 sin( - ) [1 + [sin(' + ) sin(' - ) / (sin(
- ) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.521
Active thrust due to soil; Pa,soil = 0.5 Ka s H2 = 21.9 kN/m
Horizontal forces
Retained soil; Fsoil_h = Pa,soil cos(90 - + ) = 18.8 kN/m
Height of soil thrust resolved vertically; dh,soil = H / 3 - w4 sin() = 667 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_h = po,Q Ka H cos(90 - + ) = 4.5 kN/m
Height of surcharge thrust resolved vertically; dh,surch = H / 2 - w4 sin() = 1000 mm
Vertical forces
Gabion weight; Fgabion_v = W g = 40.0 kN/m
Retained soil; Fsoil_v = Pa,soil sin(90 - + ) = 11.3 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where soil thrust acts; bv,soil = w4 cos() - (H / 3) / tan() = 1333 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_v = po,Q Ka H sin(90 - + ) = 2.7 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where surcharge thrust acts; bv,surch = w4 cos() - (H / 2) / tan() = 1250 mm
Overturning stability - take moments about the toe
Overturning moment; Mo = Fsoil_h dh,soil + Fsurch_h dh,surch = 17.0 kNm/m
Restoring moment; MR = Fgabion_v Xg + Fsoil_v bv,soil + Fsurch_v bv,surch = 44.4 kNm/m
Factor of safety; FoSM = MR / Mo = 2.616
Allowable factor of safety; FoSM_allow = 2.000
PASS - Design FOS for overturning exceeds min allowable FOS for overturning
Sliding stability - ignore any passive pressure in front of the structure
Total horizontal force; T = Fsoil_h + Fsurch_h = 23.2 kN/m
Total vertical force; N = Fgabion_v + Fsoil_v + Fsurch_v = 54.0 kN/m
Sliding force; Ff = T cos() - N sin() = 23.2 kN/m
Sliding resistance; FR = (T sin() + N cos()) tan(bg) = 37.8 kN/m
Factor of safety; FoSS = FR / Ff = 1.627
Allowable factor of safety; FoSS_allow = 1.000
PASS - Design FOS for sliding exceeds min allowable FOS for sliding

Check overturning and sliding between courses 4 and 5

Wall geometry
Horizontal distance to centre of gravity gabion 5; xg5 = w5 / 2 = 500 mm
Vertical distance to centre of gravity gabion 5; yg5 = h5 / 2 = 500 mm
Weight of gabion 5; Wg5 = d w5 h5 = 16.0 kN/m
Weight of entire gabion; Wg = W g5 = 16.0 kN/m
 Project Job Ref.

UNION TEMPORAL 2017 ESTUDIOS Y DISEO DE LA VA ENTRE EL CASCO

URBANO DEL CORREGIMIENTO DEL MORRO Y EL
PUENTE LA ALMORZADEREA
Section Sheet no./rev.

K0+14.24 K0+93.14 8
Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

MHCC 24/10/2017

Horiz distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; xg = ((W g5 xg5)) / W g = 500 mm

Vert distance to centre of gravity entire gabion; yg = ((W g5 yg5)) / W g = 500 mm
Correcting for wall inclination horiz dist; Xg = xg cos() + yg sin() = 500 mm
Vertical change in height due to wall inclination; Hf = yg5 + h5/2 - ((yg5 + h5/2) cos() - (xg5 + w5/2) sin()) = 0 mm
Design dimensions
Effective angle of rear plane of wall; = 90 deg + = 90.0 deg
Effective face angle; = 90deg - = 90.0 deg
Effective height of wall; H = (yg5 + h5 / 2) + (w5 sin()) - Hf = 1000 mm
Height of wall from toe to front edge of top gabion; Hincl = ((yg5 + h5 / 2) cos() - (xg5 - (w5 / 2)) sin()) = 1000mm
Active pressure using Coulomb theory; Ka = sin( + ')2 / (sin()2 sin( - ) [1 + [sin(' + ) sin(' - ) / (sin(
- ) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.350
Active thrust due to soil; Pa,soil = 0.5 Ka s H2 = 3.7 kN/m
Horizontal forces
Retained soil; Fsoil_h = Pa,soil cos(90 - + ) = 3.5 kN/m
Height of soil thrust resolved vertically; dh,soil = H / 3 - w5 sin() = 333 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_h = po,Q Ka H cos(90 - + ) = 1.7 kN/m
Height of surcharge thrust resolved vertically; dh,surch = H / 2 - w5 sin() = 500 mm
Vertical forces
Gabion weight; Fgabion_v = W g = 16.0 kN/m
Retained soil; Fsoil_v = Pa,soil sin(90 - + ) = 1.1 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where soil thrust acts; bv,soil = w5 cos() - (H / 3) / tan() = 1000 mm
Surcharge; Fsurch_v = po,Q Ka H sin(90 - + ) = 0.5 kN/m
Horizontal dist to where surcharge thrust acts; bv,surch = w5 cos() - (H / 2) / tan() = 1000 mm

Overturning stability - take moments about the toe

Overturning moment; Mo = Fsoil_h dh,soil + Fsurch_h dh,surch = 2.0 kNm/m
Restoring moment; MR = Fgabion_v Xg + Fsoil_v bv,soil + Fsurch_v bv,surch = 9.6 kNm/m
Factor of safety; FoSM = MR / Mo = 4.769
Allowable factor of safety; FoSM_allow = 2.000
PASS - Design FOS for overturning exceeds min allowable FOS for overturning
Sliding stability - ignore any passive pressure in front of the structure
Total horizontal force; T = Fsoil_h + Fsurch_h = 5.2 kN/m
Total vertical force; N = Fgabion_v + Fsoil_v + Fsurch_v = 17.6 kN/m
Sliding force; Ff = T cos() - N sin() = 5.2 kN/m
Sliding resistance; FR = (T sin() + N cos()) tan(bg) = 12.3 kN/m
Factor of safety; FoSS = FR / Ff = 2.371
Allowable factor of safety; FoSS_allow = 1.000
PASS - Design FOS for sliding exceeds min allowable FOS for sliding