LVII

UDC - 008 YU ISSN 0459-1070

NATIONAL MUSEUM - LESKOVAC

LESKOVAKI ZBORNIK
(the annual of the National Museum)
LVII

Editor in chief
VEROLJUB TRAJKOVI

Redaction committee
Mira Ninoevi, prof. dr Momilo Pavlovi, prof. dr Duan Janji,
prof. dr Aleksandar Kadijevi, dr Ivica Todorovi, dr Vujadin Ivanievi,
dr Ivan Beci, dr Dejan Anti, Veroljub Trajkovi, ivojin Tasi (secretary)

Redaction address: Stojana Ljubia 2

tel: 016/212-975

Leskovac 2017.
 - 008 YU ISSN 0459-1070

( )
LVII

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2017.
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: http://www.cepib.org.rs
Maes food blog: http://maefood.blogspot.rs
The British museum: http://www.britishmuseum.org
Romania Dacia: https://romaniadacia.wordpress.com

Summary

VLADIMIR STEVANOVI
ZOOMORPHIC FIGURINE FROM BRATMILOVCE

The zoomorphic figurine that was presented to the National Museum of

Leskovac can be interpreted both as a religious/cult item, as well as a childrens
toy, judging by the finds of the similar shape in the wider neighbor area. In the
territory of southern Serbia, there is no similar object in the means of purpose of
the figurine. Bull-shape figurines have been found in the territory of Leskovac,
and they are all dated to the Later Neolithic period. Type of the figurine is
common for the Later Neolithic period, but the ornaments point directly to the
Basarabi culture, in the Early Iron Age period, which had the main territory in
the northeast of Serbia and Romania. There are two pottery fragments in the
Leskovacs museum that are determined to the Basarabi complex. The bull
figurine is the third so far.
 LVII 2017

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2

XV-XVI/1964/1065, 245-251. , , XIX, ,

1969, 225-233; P. Petrovi, Naissus-Remessiana-Horeum Margi, Inscriptions de la Mesie
Superrieure IV, Beograd, 1979.
 25
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4
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, XLII, , 2002,33-54.
5
. , I-IV , , 2011. N.
Gavrilovi, Kult Herkula i Merkura u Gornjoj Meziji I-IV vek n.e., Beograd, 2014.
6
. , ,
, XXXVII, , 1997, 23-27; . ,
, LI, 2011, 45-58.
7
, , -
1. ... - . 97. 85,
75-73 . .. (Bellum Dardanorum).
, .
29.
..: Mirkovi 1968: 22.
26
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( 1994:197-200).
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.
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, vicus .
(Flavius Lucius) - (Flavius Lucillus),
, ,
. ,
,
Flavius. ( 1976, 117-124;
2011, 94) (Aelius
Saturnius), .
je (Aurelius) Au(r...a)nus ( )
.

15. , .
8

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: Stamenkovi 2013:
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 27


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Flavius Lucius, Fla(vi)us Lucillus, Aelius Saturnius, Aur(elius) Firmus

Au(r...a)nus (
), . Flavii - ,
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11
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28
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Elius .
Aelius Saturnius je
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 29

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(
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:
I OM
C C S
V T P

I(ovi) O(ptimo)M(aximo) (... )V(o)T(um)P(osuit)

. 2. : 1979:125, no.117;
, 1988: 37, . 331;
Stamenkovi 2013: kat. 142.2, sl. 116.

12
23 ,
: 1976: 138;
10: 2002: 181-195.
30
I O M (Jupiter optimus
maximus) . ,
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. (Zamarovsky 1985 : 201; ,
1989: 233-234; 2003: 85-87; 2011:63-66)

2. 2.
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 31
, . , 1963.
, ,
. 76 ; . 97 ; . 26 .
. /292

: FLAVIVS LVCIVS ET
FLAVS LVCILLVS DE
O SANCTO LAETO LIB
RO PATRI PRO SALVTES
SVAS ET VICANORVM
POSVERVNT

Flavius Lucius et | Fla(vi)us Lucillus de|o sancto Laeto Lib |(e)ro Patri pro
salutes | suas et vicanorum | posuerunt

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,
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: 1966: 245. . 1; 1968: 51-57;
1979: 121, no 109; , 1988: 36, . 195/2;
2002: 34, .1; 2011: . 10; Stamenkovi 2013: kat. 189.4, sl. 116.
Flavius Lucius Fla(vi)us Lucillus (
), - .
sanctus (), pater (), laetus (). pater
, sanctus.
, laetus (deo laeto )
,
, . ( 1976: 140;
2003: 85-87; 2011:, 61)
, .

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32
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2011, 57-63;) () ,
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Flavius Lucius Fla (vi) us Lucillus.
13
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 33
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, 1989: 472-473; Dimezil 1997 :335-339; Gavrilovi
2014: 49-51)

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: AVR FIR
MVS PRO
SALVTE
SVA HER
CULI POSVI
Aur(elius) Firmus pro salute sua Herculi posui(t)
. 6. ,

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18. .
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34
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, 3 3,5 .
: 1966, 247,. 2; 1968, 51-57;
1979, 120, no 107; , 1988, . 36. . 195/3;
2002,. 4; 2013, .193.2, . 8; Gavrilovi 2014, 11,
fot. 8.

4. , 2. , 3.

, . , 1963
,
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. /294

: DEO (....) TO
H (....)LI
AV (...)NVS
POSVIT

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. .
.
.
.
, .
: 1966, 247,. 3; 1968, 51-57;
1979, 120, no 108; , 1988, . 36. . 195/1;
2002,. 3; 2013, .193.1; Gavrilovi 2014, 12, fot. 10.

5. , 2.
, , 1978.
,
. 52 ; . 28 ; . 24
. /293
 35
: (...)CV
LIINVI
CTO
SATVR
NINVS
DD

(Her)culi invicto Saturnivs d(onum) d(edit)

. 8.
, .
, .
4,5 5 .
: 1968, 51-57; 1979, 122, 123, no 111;
, 1988, . 28. . 64; 2002, . 2;
2013, .175.1; Gavrilovi 2014, 13, fot. 9.

6. , 2. , 3.

, , 1958
,
. 62 ; . 20 ; 32-34
; . 27
. /295

: I T I V
IVRO

. 9. ,

. .
. 7,5-8,5 .
,
. ( 1969, 227)
: 1969: 227, . 2 . 2; 1979: 123, no
112; , 1988: . 30. . 36; 2002: .
6; 2013: .180.1; Gavrilovi 2014: 14, fot. 10.
36
,
, ,
.
2-3. .
- augustus, victor, conservator, invictus. (Gavrilovi 2014: 53)

(Ad Herculem,
statio Herculana) (Petrovi 1968: 53-55.) , pro
salute (
), . (Gavrilovi 2014: 55)
,
.
. (Gavrilovi
2014: 56-58). - Hercules Naissas,
(Petrovi 1968: 54)

: 17
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( 1999: 49; Stamenkovi 2013: 24-28).
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 37
. - pro
salute, ,
(. 3) Aur(elius) Firmus.
,
, .
, .
Aelius Saturnius Invictus.
, ,
.
, ( 1976 : 141-
142). Invictus
Victoru, .
,
,
(Gavrilovi 2014: 53).
2.
,
: Aelius Saturnius,

, Aur(elius) Firmus Au(r...a)nus
, .
.
(Stamenkovi 2013: 26).

,
,
.15 ,
.

, .
.
, . .

( 1969: 225-226;
1976: 141-142).
15
, , ,
, ,
, . ,
, : , 1989:
305.
38
7. , 2.
, , 1950.
,
. 80 ; . 28 , 26, 34; . 25
. /291

:
OM
PHA
LAE
AEL
SATV
RNINVS
DD

Omphalae Ael(ius) Saturnius D(onum) D(edit)

. 10. ,

.
. .
5-5,5 .
.
: 1968, 54; 1969, 225-227, . 1, . 1;
1979, 121, 122, no 110; , 1988, .
30. . 139; 2002, . 5; 2014, . 180.2.

.
. ( 1976 : 141-142). Aelius Saturnius je

, .
, ,
. (. 7) ,
, 2. .
 39

. ,
.
.
,
(Zamarovsky 1985
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, ,

, .
. 12,5 ; . 3,2 ; . 2,7
. /213

.11.
,
, . ,
V,
. ,
. .
, .
, .
. ,
. , .
: , 1987: . 33; ,
1988: 38, . 276; Stamenkovi 2013: kat. 189.4, sl. 116.

larariuma.

,
, .16
16

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. , .
, , , .
40
2.
. 2. 4.
.
, , , .
,
( 1983: 53-67).
. ( 1983:
53-67). .
(, 2001, . 177). .
.

( 2007, 48).
3. .
,
( 1986: 120).

9. , 3. ,
, , , . 2011.
, .
. . 4,3 ; . . 4,6 ; . 0,3 .
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, .
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, .
, .
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criobolum - . :
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Principa vitae. 1,
. -
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, , . (, 2001, . 175)
 41

. 12.
,
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, .

.
, , .
.
. ( ,
) ,
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.

. ,
3-2. .... ,
, .
(Zamarovsky 1985 :
219; , 1989: 265-266).

10. , 3.
, , ,
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. 2,7 ; . 1,6
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, .
,

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.

.

( 1989: . 4-7).
: ,
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, , .
, , a .

. , , -
; , , .
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a
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.17

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12; ,
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( )

,
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,
.

.
, . , , ,
.
,
. , a
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,
crustulluma -
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2014. , ,
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. , ,
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, , ,
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.19 ,

.
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.
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, , , .
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48
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75 /2011-2014), , 17- 45.
 49

Summary

Julijana Pei
ANCIENT CULT IN LESKOVAC AREA

In the process of Leskovac basins Romanization which can be conected to

the middle of the 2nd century along with the millitary setllement, roads and
fortification construction, and the initiation of economy activities (Mining, in
the first) - penetration of the cult of deity belonging to Roman pantheon occur.
Roman cults brought into existence primarily soldiers and veterans, followed by
representatives of the local aristocracy. They want to get the Roman citizenship,
and with it the important positions in the new organization of government and
administration. They accept the Roman way of life, culture, and with it the
religious cults. Romanizovang from among the local population originating,
precisely, dedicant (testator) the covenant monuments in our area. From the
ranks of Romanized local population originating, precisely, dedicant (testator)
on the votive monuments in our area.
For a better understanding of particular deities cults - during the Roman
period in Leskovac Valley this paper presents a collection of epigraphic
monuments consisting of a votive plaque dedicated to Liber and five votive
ara: four that are dedicated to Hercules and one to Lydias queen Omfala. These
monuments were discovered in the area of Lece, Gazdare and Pusto ilovo.
These monuments included also votive ara dedicated to the supreme god Jupiter,
which does not belong to the collection. To make a picture of the Roman cults
completed, several archaeological objects from the ancient collections of the
Museum are presented.
In order to complete the picture of roman cults, several archeological objects
from Museums antique collecrion are presented. On them there are features of
Roman gods - Juno, Minerva, Apollo and Pan. Bronze application testifies to
the respect for the cult of Jupiter Dolichenus, and a part of the lead plates on
respect for the cult of the Danubian horsemen.
 LVII 2017

902.2(497.11)20
904652(497.11)

(1949-2017),

: --

, -
.
.

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Zeit Analyse der Glasfunde aus der frhbyzantinischen Stadt von Cariin Grad/
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Ende betreibt man Forschung in Museen?, Mitteilungen und Berichte aus dem Institut
fr Museumsforschung 48, Berlin 2009, 7981; J. Drauschke, S. Greiff, Chemical aspects
of Byzantine glass from Cariin Grad/Iustiniana Prima (Serbia). In: J. Drauschke, D.
Keller (Eds.), Glass in Byzantium Production, usage, analyses, RGZM Tagungen
8, Mainz 2010, 254 6; J. Drauschke, S. Greiff, Early Byzantine glass from Cariin
Grad/Iustiniana Prima (Serbia): first results concerning the composition of raw glass
chunks; V. Ivanievi, S. Stamenkovi, S. Greiff, Glass Workshop from Cariin Grad
(Iustiniana Prima), In: B. Zorn, A. Hilgner (Eds.), Glass along the Silk Road from 200 BC
to AD 1000, RGZM Tagungen 9, Mainz 2010, 5367; 3952.
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the Early Byzantine Pottery from Cariin Grad (South_Serbia) in Terms of Composition
and Firing Temperature, Journal of Archaeological Science 46, 2014, 156-172.
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des frhbyzantinischen Cariin Grad (IustinianaPrima?),
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 53
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ArchaeoLandscapes Europe,7
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opus mixtum
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Stamenkovi, M. Steinborn, An imperial town in a time of transition. Life, environment,
and decline of early Byzantine Cariin Grad. In: 3rd International landscape archaeology
conference, LAC 2014 proceedings, [S.l.], p. 11, oct. 2016. Open access initiative supported
by the University Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; R. Schreg, J. Birk, S. Fiedler,
H. Kroll, N. Markovi, A.E. Reuter, C. Rhl, M. Steinborn, Wirtschaftliche Ressourcen
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, ,
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.

Summary:
Vujadin Ivanievi, Ivan Bugarski
THE ONGOING RESEARCH PROGRAMME AT CARIIN GRAD

The paper informs on the ongoing research programme at Cariin Grad, which
involves experts from the Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade, Centre national de
la recherche scientifique, and Rmisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz.
The programme is being carried out by an interdisciplinary Serbian-French-
German team and for the most part it studies the Upper Towns northern plateau.
For the first time, the excavations include large-scale archaeopedological,
archaeobotanical and archaeozoological samplings and are combined with
the systematic application of airborne and terrestrial sensing and detection
techniques. Until recently among the least known parts of the town, this unit
can now be regarded as one of the best defined.
In the eastern part of the plateau a horreum has been excavated. Larger than
the other buildings and built in opus mixtum, it follows the route of the Upper
Towns northern street, indicating that it belongs to the initial construction phase.
Yet, the original concept was soon abandoned, already at the time of Justinian
I. To the south, west and north of the horreum a settlement developed with its
buildings leaning on the Acropolis rampart and the rows of buildings radially
cascading down the slope. During the last phase of the towns life some of these
buildings, whether public or private, were partitioned into small rooms, often
with fireplaces and with some of their entrances walled up. Precisely these
changes in the use of space are being tracked by bioarchaeological analyses,
with some very promising early results.
The other areas of the city and its vicinity are studied through the LiDAR,
UAV, geophysical and classical field surveys. The aerial surveys were conducted
within the scope of the ArchaeoLandscapes Europe project, and the most
30
J. Frings (Hrsg.), Byzanz Pracht und Alltag, Mnchen 2010, 180196.
62 ,
important geophysical survey was the one using GPR, performed by a team from
the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute, Vienna. These surveys revealed new data on
the city ramparts and buildings, including churches, and on the fortifications of
the Cariin Grad defense system, such as St Elias, Jezero, Svinjariko Gradite,
Sekicol and Radinovac. Outside Cariin Grad, several other churches have been
pinpointed, and a 22 km long aqueduct route has been surveyed too, leading to
the city from the source at the Radan Mountain.
In addition to these surveys, the gelogical ones were conducted around the city
to study the agricultural value of the soil and its brick manufacturing potential,
and to map deforestation areas. Another survey programme studies the ancient
mining in the wider area of Cariin Grad. These surveys are conducted by the
Neustadt-based UDATA GmbH and together with a team from the Deutsches
Bergbau-Museum Bochum, respectively.
Translated by Ivan Bugarski
 LVII 2017

, 930.2:355.4803/04(497.11)
904:72652(497.11)

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H. Deblbrck, Die Geschichte der Kriegskunst im Rahmen der politischen
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sptrmische Militrwesen seit Diocletian, Hermes 1889, Bd. 24, 228; R. Grosse,
Rmische Militrgeschichte von Gallienus bis zum Beginn der byzantinischen
Themenverfassung, Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchandlung, 1920, 59 f.
78 ,
( II). ,
comitatenses.44
magister equitum magister peditum,

( ) magister militum .
353. ,

( 390. )
magistri militum ( 390. magistri militum
praesentales) . , ,

. , :
( ), ( )
( ).
364. :
( ) (
).
378.
.
370. 378.
( )
. ,
comites rei militaris.
10.000


409. .45
, ,

. limitanei
ripenses. 46

limitanei.

. . , IV . ,
44

2011, 24; . . ,
, 2/1987, 66.
45
Hugh Elton, Warfare in Roman Europe, AD 350425, Oxford. 1996, 209 210;
Hugh Elton, Later Roman empier Military Foces, The Cambridge History of Greek and
Roman Warfare Volume II Rome from the late Republic to the late Empire, Cambridge
2008, 274 75.
46
The Roman Army the greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris Mcnab),
Oxford 2010, 215; . . , IV .
, 2011, 24.
 ... 79
. , ,
,
.47 .
,
.
,
. ,

,
, , .

XIX
.
,
, , ,

. .48 ,

limitanei, . .
IV
.

.

.

.

,

.49

375.
comitatenses, limitanei.50.
limitanei,
IV V . ,
( ),
47
E. Birley, Septimus Severus and Roman army, Epigraphische Studien 8/1969, 69
82; . . , IV . ,
2011, 24.
48
je . . Yann Le Bohec, Larmee
romaine sous le Bas Empire, 117.
49
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 649 51 .
50
, 617.
80 ,
IV
. 51 358.
, 52 365.
,
. 53 406.
. V
. 54 423. ,
, ,
castellani milites. 55 443.
(agri limitanei)
(milites limitanei), .
IV 56,
57.
, ,
, .
,

,
, . .
Notitia Dignitatum ,
395 400. , , ,
.
, .
,
. ,
,
.
, .

.58

.
,
51
Cod. Th. 8,4,17. , a
II, .
52
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 630.
53
Jones, n.d., 630-631.
54
Cod.Th. 7,15, 2.
55
Jones, n.d., 653.
56
Ibid, 654.
57
Ibidem.
58

. ,
.
 ... 81
, .
.
,

,
. 25 30 ,
. ,

,
. ,
.
. ,

,
, .
.
,

.
. ,
400.
Magistri equitum et peditum,
,
Magistri quitum et peditum per Orientem, Magistri quitum et peditum
per Thracias Magistri quitum et peditum per Illyricum.59 ,

. ,
, .
IV
.
. III IV
, . .
(. ) ( )
. V .
.
Daciae ripensis Moesiae primae Duces
Praesides. . Thessaliae,
Epiri veteris, Epiri novae, Praevalitanae, Dardaniae Macedoniae salutaris
Praesides. ,
,
59
P. Southern, K. R. Dixon, The Late Roman Army, London: B. T. Bastford Ltd 1996,
19; A. H. M. Jones, The Later Roman Empire..., 608.
82 ,
. : Cretae,
Macedoniae Daciae mediterraneae Consulares (
). ,
Daciae ripensis Moesiae primae
, . , , , .
.

:
IX. Insignia viri illustris magistri militum per Illyricum.60
......
Sub dispositione viri illustris magistri militum per Illyricum:
Vexillationes comitatenses duae: Equites sagittarii seniores, Equites Germaniciani seniores.
Legiones palatina una: Britones seniores.
Auxilia palatina sex: Ascarii seniores, Ascarii iuniores, Petulantes iuniores,
Sagittarii lecti, Invicti iuniores, Atecotti.
Legiones comitatenses octo: Matiarii constantes, Martii, Dianenses, Germaniciani
seniores, Secundani, Lanciarii Augustenses, Minervii, Lanciarii iuniores.
Item pseudocomitatenses novem: Timacenses auxiliarii, Felices Theodosiani
iuniores, Bugaracenses, Scupenses, Ulpianenses, Merenses, Secundi Theodosiani,
Balistarii Theodosiani iuniores, Scampenses.
Officium autem magisteriae per Illyricum potestatis in numeris militat et
in officio deputatur;
Habet autem dignitates infrascriptas: Principem, Numerarios duos,
Commentariensem, Primiscrinios, qui numerarii fiunt, Scriniarios, Exceptores
et ceteros apparitores.
viri illustris magistri officiorum
.
: Thessalonicensis, Naissatensis, Ratiarensis
Scutaria Horreomargensis.61
Notitio
Dignitatum , .
,
( 1000 ).
. ,
.
62 ,
60
Otto Seeck, Notitia Dignitatum, Berilini 1876, 27 30.
61
Otto Seeck, Notitia Dignitatum, Berilini 1876, 33.
62
R. Duncan-Jones, Pay and numbers in Diocletians army, Structure and Scale in
the Roman Economy, Cambridge 1990, 10517; T. Coello, Unit Sizes in the Late Roman
Army, Oxford 1996; R. Tomlin, The legions in the Late Empire, Roman Fortresses and
their Legions, ed. R.J. Brewer, London 2000, 15978; R. Tomlin, A.H.M. Jones and the
 ... 83
.
, .
, ,
,
, .
, , 30
, 350 500 .
, 1000 .
. 700 800 .
.
1000 , 300 500
.
19 , 5
30 . ,
19 , 30.
30 . ,
,
150 , 100 .
700 800 ,
1000 .
300 .
. ,
, .
,
scholae, auxilia, comitatenses palatini.
, ()
.
, , ,
. Praepositus
,
.63
1000 .
,
. ,
2000 3000
. -
.64
Army of the Fourth Century, : A.H.M. Jones and the Later Roman Empire, (. David M.
Gwynn), Brill Laiden Boston, 2008, 159 163.
63
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 640.
64
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 680 81; The Roman Army the
greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris Mcnab), Oxford 2010, 215.
84 ,
comitatenses
.65 ,
,
uxilia .

. auxilia,
.
, ,
.66
auxila-
500 . uxilia palatina 600
700 . , .
,
500 ,
.67

, auxilie
.
,
auxilia palatina. ,
auxilia .
, auxilie

.68
dux.
Limitanei
pseudocomitatenses.69 14.
400. . . . . pseudocomitatenses
.70 ,
65
: . . , IV .
, 2011, 26 28; Y. Le Bohec, Larmee
romaine sous le Bas Empire, 142.
66
. . , IV . ,
2011, 31.
67
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 682; The Roman Army the
greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris Mcnab), Oxford 2010, 215.
68
The Roman Army the greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris Mcnab),
Oxford 2010, 216 18.
69
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 650; The Roman Army the
greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris Mcnab), Oxford 2010, 215.
70
Codex Theodosianum 7.1.18. [IDEM] AA. STILICHONI MAG(ISTRO) MIL(ITUM).
Contra publicam utilitatem nolumus a numeris ad alios numeros milites nos(t)ros transferri.
 ... 85
,
. pseudocomitatenses
, : Timacenses auxiliarii, Scupenses Ulpianenses.
Merenses .
Merion

(,
).71 pseudocomitatenses
-
. Timacenses auxiliarii ,
,

. .
pseudocomitatenses

.72
.
, ,
.

(sagittarii), (exculcatores),
(funditores) (balistarii).
,
(manubalistae arcubalistae),
.73
. , (alae),
, 500 .74
vexillatio, equites cunei equitiun

Sciant igitur comites vel duces, quibus regendae militiae cura commissa est, non solum de
comitatensibus ac palatinis numeris ad alios numeros militem transferri non licere, sed ne de
ipsis quidem pseudocomitatensibus legionibus seu de ripariensibus castricianis ceterisque
cuiquam eorum transferendi militem copiam adtributam, quia honoris augmentum non
ambitione, sed labore ad unumquemque convenit devenire. Quod si qui contra fecerint, per
singulos milites singulas auri libras a se noverint exigendas. DAT. XIIII KAL. APRIL.
MED(IOLANO) STILICHONE ET AURELIANO CONSS. [...]
71
Pauluys Realencyclopadie der Classischen Altertumwissenschaft Halbband 29
Mazaios - Mesyros, Stuttgart 1931, 1031.
72
L.Varady, New Evidence on Some Problems of the Late Roman Military
Organization, A. Ant. Hung. 1961/9, 365.
73 The Roman Army the greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris
Mcnab), Oxford 2010, 218
74
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 680.
86 ,
150 500 .
500 ,
.75 ,
() 300 .
.
500 350 .
500 .76
150 ,
150 (
) .
mauri, dalmatae cetrati.
.
.
(equites sagittarii),
catafractarii clibanarii.

, .77
cuneus equtum promotorum


. cuneus equtum promotorum
, .
,
IV Flavia. ?

. ,
:
promoti, scutarii, stablesiani, armigeri brachiate,

. ,
.
equites comites (Comites Alani, Comites Clibanarii),
.
equites indigenae sagittarii.
cunea equitum
.78
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 681.
75

. . , IV . ,
76

2011, 142 43.

77
The Roman Army the greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris Mcnab),
Oxford 2010, 218.
78
The Roman Army the greatest war machine of the Ancient World (ed. Chris Mcnab),
Oxford 2010, 219.
 ... 87

. .
,
, .
? Notitia Dignitatum,
milites
exploratores. . 1694.
,
, ,
(Tahtali) ,
(Ipek). 150
400 ( ), 500
500 .
.79 1550
, .
1550 ,
. milites exploratores
.
.

. -
. , milites exploratores
,
. .

. ,

Notitia Dignitatum,
. , ,
-
,
.

((laeti, gentiles, dediticii tributarii)
.80
79
Joseph von Hammer, Historija Turskog (Osmanskog) carstva 3., Zagreb 1979, 59.
80
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, I, 1964, 60; Hugh Elton, Warfare in Roman
Europe, AD 350 425, Oxford. 1996, 129 33; Whittaker (1982) C. R. Whittaker, Labour
supply in the late Roman Empire, Opus 1, 1982, 171 9; C. Zuckerman, Two reforms of
the 370s: recruiting soldiers and senators in the divided empire, REByz 56 1998, 79 139;
Hugh Elton, Later Roman empier Military Foces, The Cambridge History of Greek and
Roman Warfare Volume II Rome from the late Republic to the late Empire, Cambridge
2008, 298.
88 ,
?
.

:
Principem de eodem officio, qui completa militia adorat protector

(adoratio).81
Adiutorem .82
Numerarii
.83
Commentariensis (commentarii),
,
.84
xceptores
.85

XLI. Dux Moesiae primae.86

11 Sub dispositione viri spectabilis ducis Moesiae primae:

12Cuneus equtum Constantacorum, Pinco.
13 Cuneus equtum promotorum, Flaviana.
14Cuneus equtum sagittariorum, Tricornio.
15Cuneus equtum Dalmatarum, Aureomonto.
16Cuneus equtum promotorum, Viminacio.
17Cuneus equtum sagittariorum, Laedenatae.
18 Cuneus equtum Dalmatarum, Pinco.
19Cuneus equtum Dalmatarum, Cuppis.
20 Auxiliares:
81
Pauluys Realencyclopadie der Classischen Altertumwissenschaft Halbband 1 Aal
- Apollokrates, Stuttgart 1894, 400 401.
82
Jones, The History of Late Roman Empire, II, 1964, 593; Danielle Slootjes, The Governor
and his subjects in the later Roman Empire, Brill 2006, 29
83
R. OHara, An Assessment of the Notitia Dignitatum as a Historical Source for
the Late Roman Bureaucracy, PhD Thesis, Department od Ancient Classics, National
University od Ireland, Maynooth, 2013, 94
84
Danielle Slootjes, The Governor and his subjects in the later Roman Empire, Brill
2006, 29
85
Danielle Slootjes, The Governor and his subjects in the later Roman Empire, Brill
2006, 29
86
Otto Seeck, Notitia Dignitatum, Berilini 1876, 92 94.
 ... 89
21 Auxiliares reginenses, contra Reginam.
22 Auxiliares Tricornienses, Tricornio.
23Auxiliares Novenses, Ad Novas.
24Auxilium Margense, Margo.
25 Auxilium Cuppense, Cuppis.
26Auxilium Gratianense, Gratiana.
27Auxilium Taliatense, Taliata.
28Auxilium Aureomontanum, Tricornio.
29 Item legiones:
30Praefectus legionis quartae Flaviae, Singiduno.
31 Praefectus legionis septimae Claudiae, Umininacio.
32Praefectus legionis septimae Claudiae, Cuppis.
33Praefectus militum ......, contra Margum in castris Augustoflavianensibus.
34 Praefectus militum exploratorum, Novis.
35Praefectus militum exploratorum, Taliatae.
36Praefectus militum Vincentiensium, Laedemata.87
37Praefectus militum exploratorum, Zmirnae.
38Praefectus classis Histricae, Viminacio
39Praefectus classis Stradensis et Germensis, Margo.
40 Officium autem habet ita:
41Principem de eodem officio, qui completa militia adorat protector.
42Numerarios et adiutores eorum.
43Commentariensem.
44Adiutorem.
45A libellis siue subscribendarium.
46Exceptores et ceteros officiales.
47 Dux Moesiae superioris V.

:

Augustoflavianensibus88 - Praefectus militum ......

(contra
Margum), castra Augustoflaviensia.
, Flaviana,
, .
,
, . Flaviana
, .
87
Laedenatae.
88
contra Margum in castris Augustoflavianensibus
90 ,
, , Konstantia.
Konstantiola ,
30 .89
Aureomonto - Cuneus equtum Dalmatarum,

, ,
. .
. .
, , .
,
. III IV ,

. 24 26
. Itinerar Hierosolitaneum (333. )
Aureus Mons .
civitas.
, .
150x130 .
, (
, ).
. 1963. .
,
, .
Notitia Dignitatum .
cuneus equitum Dlmatarum.
.
.
, Auxilium Aureomontanorum.
, .
IV PP (prepozitus)
SC (sub cura), Eq(uites) D(almatae)
Aur(omonte).90

M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 51 53.

89

civitae Aureo monte, Itin. Hieros, 564,5; Monte Aureo, Itin. Ant. 218; Tabula
90

VII; IMS 1, 38; . , , 1

(1906), 128 , , 138; K. Miller, Itineraria Romana, Stiuttgart 1916,
499; II, 1956, 41; M.
Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 7, 35, 37, 50, 61,
83 85, 95, 97 98, 139, 148; Tabula Imperii Romani L 34, AquincumSarmizegetusa
Sirmium, Amsterdam, 1968, 31.
 ... 91

contra Reginam - Auxiliares reginenses,

Contra Reginam . : 13. Contra

Reginam, Donaucastell in Moesia superior, Not. dig. or. XLI 21: auxiliares
Reginenenses, contra Reginam.91 M. contra Reginam
: , ,
contra Reginam, ,
dux-a .92 contra Reginam
, Regina
auxiliares civitas-a. ,
.
Regina
.
. ,

. .
( IV V )
Regina .93 ,
Regina Contra Reginam .

Cuppis - Cuneus equtum Dalmatarum, Praefectus legionis septimae Claudiae,

Auxilium Cuppense

Cupis , .
. . vicus
(). Vicus Cuppae
.
. , 299. ,
. vicus militari,
.
, . vicus militari
, .
91
Pauluys Realencyclopadie der Classischen Altertumwissenschaft Halbband 7
Claudius mons - Cornificius, Stuttgart 1900, 1161.
92
M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 10.
93
P.Petrovi, Saldum, rimsko i ranovizantijsko utvrdjenje na uu potoka
Koica. Starinar 33/34,1982/1983 (1984), 128 134; G. Jeremi, LateRoman
and Early Byzantine pottery from Saldum. Reection of change in social and
historical circumstances, Rei cretariae Romanae Favtorvm Acta 42, Bonn 2012, 81
88; . Kora, S. Golubovi, N. Mri G. Jeremi, S. Pop Lazi, Rimski limes u Srbiji,
Beograd 2014, 69.
92 ,
vicus, 11. . vicus.
24 .

. IV .
: I Flavia Hispanorum,
V ( V Gallorum) IV Flavia felix.
I Flavia Hispanorum
, I . II .
IV Flaviae, IV .
LEG(IO) IIII F(LAVIA) F(ELIX) CUPP(IS). Notitia Dignitaum
Cuppis Cuneus equtum Dalmatarum, Praefectus legionis
septimae Claudiae Auxilium Cuppense. IV

, .94
,
.
180x180 ,
165x165 .
,
. ,
, .
( , ).
, vicus Cuppae, ,
. .
.95

Flaviana - Cuneus equtum promotorum

,
castra Augustoflaviensia,
94

,
.
95
Cuppe, Tabula VII; Vico cuppe, Geogr. Rav. IV, 17 (190); L. F. Marsigli, Danubius
pannonico mysicus observationibus geographicis, astronomicis, ydrographicis histo
ricis, phisicis perlustratus, Hagae 1726, 117, Tab. II fig. XVI (
(Bosesiene); . ,
, 1 (1906), 128
, , 138, K. Miller, Itineraria Romana, Stiuttgart 1916, 500;
II, 1956, 41; M. Mirkovi, Rimski gra
dovi na Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 31, 35, 37, 60, 68, 95, 102 105,
129, 141 142; Tabula Imperii Romani L 34, AquincumSarmizegetusaSirmium,
Amsterdam, 1968, 51.
 ... 93
, . ,

. Flaviana ,
. Cuneus equtum promotorum , ,

.
Cuneus equtum promotorum, ,
, .
.96

Gratiana - Auxilium Gratianense,

.
(. ),
.97
Pauluys Realencyclopadie der Classischen Altertumwissenschaft:98
Befestigter Ort an der Donau in Moesia superior stlich von Vimiacium (Not. dign.
r XLI 26 Auxilium Gratianense, Gratiana; Hierocl. 657, 4 ), wird im
J. 534 n. Chr. von den Goten im Gepidenkriege bedrngt (cop. de bell. Goth. I
3, 15). Kanitz Romische Studien in Serbien 66. Jireek Dae christliche Element
in der topographischen Nomenklator der Balkanlnder 72.
.
. Constantin Bjenaru
.99
. .
, 395 400. .

Synecdemos. ,
96
M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 10, 51
52, 92.
97
P.Petrovi, Saldum, rimsko i ranovizantijsko utvrdjenje na uu potoka Koica.
Starinar 33/34,1982/1983 (1984), 133; . Kora, S. Golubovi, N. Mri G. Jeremi,
S. Pop Lazi, Rimski limes u Srbiji, Beograd 2014, 69. ,
() .
V. Kondi, Cantabaza, Smorna, Campsa, Starinar 22, 1974, 53 58.
Constantin Bjenaru,
Minor forifications in the Balkan Danubian area from Diocletian to Justinian, Cluj
Napoca 2010, 16.
98
Pauluys Realencyclopadie der Classischen Altertumwissenschaft Halbband 14
Glykyrrhiza - Helikeia, Stuttgart 1912, 1830. (Patsch).
99
Constantin Bjenaru, Minor fortifications in the Balkan Danubian area from
Diocletian to Justinian, Cluj Napoca 2010, 16.
94 ,
, ,
,
II.100 , Moesia
Prima Dardania, Gratiana () (Hierocl. 657, 4).101

655 7. , ,
8
656 1
2.
.............................
657 1. ' , ,
2
3
4
5
6.
, j102
, , , , .
, VI .

(). ,
,
:

.
, ,
, ,
( cop. de bell. Goth. I 3, 15).103
100
E. Honigmann, Le Syncdemos dHirocls et lopuscule gographique de Georges
de Chypre, Bruxelles 1932, 2.
101
Hieroclis Synecdemvs et Notitiaa Graecae episcopatvvm. accedvnt Nili Doxapatrii
Notitia Patriarchatvvm et Locorvm Nomina immvtata (ed. Gvstavi Parthey), Berolini
1866, 16 17.
102
.
,
, . M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu u
Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 7.
103
CSH Byzantinae Procopius vol. II, De Bello Gotthico, (G. Dindorfii), Bonnae
1833, 19.
 ... 95
. ,

. , ,
(. ) ,
, .
, .
- ,
.

.
, ,

,104 , .
, ,
150 150 m, .
,
(),
() .
, .
.
1. .
,
XIX ,
.105 castellum ( 1 )
, ,
( ).
.106 ,
.
( )
,
. ,
374/5.

. ,

. , 378.
374/5. . ,
104
.
105
. , , 2,
2007, 10.
106
. , ,
. ,
, .
96 ,
378. ,
, Auxilium Gratianense.

Laedenatae - Cuneus equtum sagittariorum, Praefectus militum

Vincentiensium107, 108

. ,
,109
Nototia dignitatum
. II / IV
200 x 140 m. VI
quadriburgium 50 x 60 m.
() 92,5 x
92 x 93 x 92 m , , .
, VI , .
, .
.
1,9 m. 50%
IV . ,
.110

107
Vinceia .
108
Tabula Imperii Romani L 34, AquincumSarmizegetusaSirmium, Amsterdam,
1968, 73; D. Dimitrijevi, Sapaja, fortification romaine et medivale dans lle prs de
Stara Palanka, Starinar n.s. 33-34 (1982-83) 29-62.
109
A. Deroko, Kuli i Ram, kastrumi na dunavskom limesu, Starinar 1, 1950, 169173,
fi g.6; D. Dimitrijevi, Sapaja, rimsko i srednjovekovno utvrenje na ostrvu kod
Stare Palanke, Starinar 3334, 19821983, 5556, 62, fi g.11; Al. Jovanovi, The
Problem of the Location of Lederata, Roman Limes on the Middle and Lower Danube,
Belgrade, 1996, 69 72; D. Benea, Dacia sud-vestic n secolele IIIIV, Timioara,
19967374, Constantin Bjenaru, Minor forifications in the Balkan Danubian area
from Diocletian to Justinian, Cluj Napoca 2010, 94
110
D. Dimitrijevi, Sapaja, rimsko i srednjovekovno utvrenje na ostrvu kod Stare
Palanke, Starinar 3334, 19821983, 2962; M. Vasi, V. Kondi, Le limes romain et
palobyzantin des Portes de Fer, Limes 13 Aalen, 551, 553, fig.20; VASI 19941995,
44, fig.1; Al. Jovanovi, The Problem of the Location of Lederata, Roman Limes on
the Middle and Lower Danube, Belgrade, 1996, 6972; D. Benea, Dacia sud-vestic n
secolele IIIIV, Timioara, 1996, 73; D. Bondoc, The Roman Rule to the North of the
Lower Danube during the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Period, Cluj-Napoca, 2009,
4042, 182. Constantin Bjenaru, Minor forifications in the Balkan Danubian area from
Diocletian to Justinian, Cluj Napoca 2010, 94 95.
 ... 97
Margo - Auxilium Margense, Praefectus classis Stradensis et Germensis,

. .

, .
.
, , ,

(500 600 ).
,
, Cuneus equtum promotorum
,
, .111

Novis - Praefectus militum exploratorum, Auxiliares Novenses,112

, 18 . ,
.
, Castrum Novae,
.

I . ,
(principia). II III ,
,
(horreum), .
,
IV (limitanei)
.113
111
Margo, ItAnt 132.4; IMS 2, 206-11; Margo (Jord), Margum (Prise), mun.
Aur[elium] Aug[ustum] Mar[gum] (CIL III 8141, ); K. Miller,
Itineraria Romana, Stiuttgart 1916, 499 500; M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na
Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 6 7, 30, 35, 37, 50 55, 61, 68, 72, 84,
95, 98, 114, 118, 139 141, 143, 146, 148.
112
Ad Novas, Auxiliares Novenses ,
, .
113
Novae, Tabula Imperii Romani L 34, AquincumSarmizegetusaSirmium,
Amsterdam, 1968, 84; M. Vasi, esava-Castrum Novae, Starinar n.s. 33-34 (1982-83)
91-122; . Kora, S. Golubovi, N. Mri G. Jeremi, S. Pop Lazi, Rimski limes u
Srbiji, Beograd 2014, 68.
98 ,

Pinco - Cuneus equtum Constantacorum, Cuneus equtum Dalmatarum,

. Quadriburgium
45,5 x 45,5 m.114
,
.
.
. (mansio
Punicum) .
(civitas).
.
.
, Metalla Aeliana Picensia. ,
, ,
.
,
, . .
.
, ,
().
. , 2. ,
VII .
VII (II ), VII Klaudia pia Severina (III ) VII
Klaudia sub cura Victorini ( ,
IV ). . LEG
IIII. :
- II
IV .115
441. .
, .

114
Punicum, it. (Ra) oder Pincum; K. Miller, Itineraria Romana, Stiuttgart 1916, 500;
Pincus, Tabula Imperii Romani L 34, AquincumSarmizegetusaSirmium, Amsterdam,
1968, 90. D. Benea, Dacia sud-vestic n secolele IIIIV, Timioara, 1996, 74; N. Gudea,
Die Nordgrenze der rmischen Provinz Obermoesien. Materialien zu ihrer Geschichte
(86275 n.Chr.), JRGZM 48, 2001, 5859; Constantin Bjenaru, Minor forifications in
the Balkan Danubian area from Diocletian to Justinian, Cluj Napoca 2010, 95.
115
M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 6, 35,
37, 68, 85, 95, 101 103, 106, 118, 120, 141.
 ... 99

Singiduno - Praefectus legionis quartae Flaviae,

.

. ,
.

Taliata - Auxilium Taliatense, Praefectus militum exploratorum,

,
, .
, ,
,
. .
.
,
. .
,
.116
:
- (. 50x40 m)
. III IV .
. (134 x 126 m) III .
, .
: , .
, , 8,60 m,
150 m. .

. .
, 11,2 m 7,5 m,
. .

.
.
116
Tabula Imperii Romani L 34, AquincumSarmizegetusaSirmium, Amsterdam,
1968, 109; V. Popovi, Donji Milanovac-Veliki Gradac (Taliata), forteresse romano-
byzantine, Starinar n.s. 33-34 (1982-83) 265-82; M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na Dunavu
u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 31, 37, 85, 95, 105 106, 108 110, 112, 114.
100 ,
. VII
.
IV . IV ,
Auxilium Taliatense Praefectus militum exploratorum.
.

Tricornio - Cuneus equtum sagittariorum, Auxiliares Tricornienses, Auxilium

Aureomontanum,

, , .
.
, (
, , , ) .
,
.
, , - .
, Moshios .117
,
.
.
, .
(Metalla Tricorniensia).
,
TR.O.P.DDNN (T-Trik, O-Ofici, P-Plumborum, . , DDNN-Dominus
Noster). .
Castra Tricornia
.
I Flavia Bessorum, I Pannoniorum (
) IV Flaviae.
, ,
I Flavia Bessorum I Pannoniorum.
: cuneus equitum
sagittariorum, auxiliares Tricornenses i auxillum Aureomontanorum.118
117
Moshios . ,
.

.
118
Tricornium (Pt), mutatio Tricornia castra (Hi), Pricornia (Hl); IMS 1.37-38; K.
Miller, Itineraria Romana, Stiuttgart 1916, 499; Tabula Imperii Romani L 34, Aquincum
SarmizegetusaSirmium, Amsterdam, 1968, 113; M. Mirkovi, Rimski gradovi na
Dunavu u Gornjoj Meziji, Beograd 1968, 6 7, 19, 35, 49 51, 57, 85, 95 97, 118, 126,
130 131, 141.
 ... 101

.

Viminacio - Praefectus legionis septimae Claudiae, Cuneus equtum

promotorum, Praefectus classis Histricae,

Zmirnae - Praefectus militum exploratorum, (?)

Zmirnae .
, .
,
castellum-a
. ( ) 50
x 60 m. (50 x 50 m)
.
I .
, .119

, 400.
.
. ,
.

, (, , ,
) .
, , ,
119
L. Zotovi, Boljetin (Smorna), rimski i ranovizantijski logor, Starinar 3334,
19821983, 211 225; S.Ercegovi-Pavlovi, Srednjovjekovna naselja i nekropole u
Boljetinu i Hajdukoj Vodenici, Beograd, 1986, 744, 95101; V. Kondi, Les formes des
fortifi cations protobyzantines dans la rgion des Portes de Fer, in Villes et peuplement
dans lIllyricum protobyzantin. Actes du colloque organis par lcole franaise de Rome.
Rome, 1214 mai 1982, Rome, 1984, 153155, fig.11; M. Vasi, V. Kondi, Le limes
romain et palobyzantin des Portes de Fer, Limes 13 Aalen, 542f., figs. 5, 10, 23; M.
Vasi, Le limes protobyzantin dans la province de Msie Premire, Starinar 4546, 1994
1995, 45f., fig.4; G. Miloevi, Modular Analysis of Late Roman and Early Byzantine
Fortifications in the Iron Gate Area, in Roman Limes o the Middle and Lower Danube,
Belgrade, 1996, 251, fig.8; D. Benea, Dacia sud-vestic n secolele IIIIV, Timioara,
1996, 8081; N. Gudea, Die Nordgrenze der rmischen Provinz Obermoesien. Mater i
alien zu ihrer Geschichte (86275 n.Chr.), JRGZM 48, 2001, 2, 337453, 6769.
Constantin Bjenaru, Minor forifications in the Balkan Danubian area from Diocletian
to Justinian, Cluj Napoca 2010, 102.
102 ,
, ,

.

Summary

Neboja oki, Marija Savi

ROMAN ARMY IN MOESIA PRIMA AND DARDANIA

ACCORDING TO DATA FROM THE NOTITIA DIGNITATUM

The NOTITIA DIGNITATUM is an official register of all the offices, other

than municipal, which existed in the Roman Empire. It suggests, our Statesmans
year-book and other such publications. But this register was official, prepared,
as will be seen, by the chief of the notaries in the East and West respectively.
It differs from its modern representatives in that it gives only the offices, and
not in any case the name of the incumbent. Gibbon gave to this document a
date between 395 and 407 when the Vandals disturbed the Roman regime in
Gaul. Bury, following Hodgkin, thinks that 402 is the probable date from the
fact that the twentieth legion which was in that year transferred from Britain
to Italy is not mentioned as being in either of these divisions of the empire.
But Dr. Otto Seeck finds some conditions, principally in the disposition of the
troops which could be true only of a time before the battle of Adrianople (378)
and others which are as late as 427. He infers that theNotitiawas drawn up
as early as the time of Valens, and corrected from year to year here and there,
while left in many parts unchanged; and that, therefore, does not give the exact
military status at any one time. The text comes to us through four manuscripts,
now at Oxford, Paris,Vienna and Munich respectively. The last named is of the
sixteenth century, the other three of the fifteenth. The four are exact copies, even
in form, of a manuscript once preserved at Spires, but lost in the latter part of
the sixteenth century. This Spires manuscript contained several other documents
besides theNotitia Dignitatum,one of them known to be of the year 825. Thus
the earliest possible date for the Spires MS. is fixed, and its palaeographic form,
reproduced in the four copies mentioned, shows that it was written not later
than the eleventh century.
The Notitia Dignitatum actually lists the following units for both parts
of the Empire: 12 scholae palatinae, 146 field army legions or legiones
comitatenses,42 border legions orlegiones limitanei,97auxilia palatinae,85
field army vexillations,196 cohortes, auxilia and milites,253 border units of
cavalry (ale, cunei equitumandequites). On average, thescholaenumbered 500
per unit, field army legions 1.000, border legions 3.000,auxilia palatina800,
 ... 103
border infantry units 300 and cavalry units 350, the total of units mentioned in
the Notitia Dignitatum yields an army of about 450.000 men.However, scholars
such as Nicasie think this might be seen as a minimum rather than a maximum,
to be taken as a more realistic number, as opposed to a paper strength. The
establishment strength could even be 650.000 if each cohort indeed was to be
500, and this number is what Agathius gives us for the 4th-c. army: 645.000. Of
course, it could well be argued that since each unit may have been understrength
at many times during their existance, the lower number would probably be a
good guess too.
 LVII 2017

94:323.1(497.11 )18

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 111
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28
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112

()


, . . . ,
, 2005.

: 1889

, ,
: 1889, , 1953
, , VI-1, , 1981.
, XIX
, .II, , 1924
II; 1878. 1941. ,
, , 1984

Summary

Ivan Miti
THE SITUATION IN THE CITY OF NIS AND ITS VICINITY AFTER
THE ABDICATION OF KING MILAN OBRENOVIC

The situation in the Kingdom of Serbia after the abdication of King Milan
and the possession of the throne by f the young King Alexander was extremely
difficult. This period was marked by political struggles between authorities and
the opposition, tax evasion, and high activities of foreign spies. Despite the big
problems, the arrival of His Majesty in Ni once again showed the great love
and respect for the ruling dynasty Obrenovic.
 LVII 2017

94:355.48(497.11)1914
, 355.311.5(497.11)1914

II
1914.

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, /3, /71, /4, 7/1.
2
.
114
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 II 1914. 115
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116
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16.
126

Summary
Veroljub Trajkovi
MORAVA DIVISION II CALLS IN THE BATTLE OF JADAR IN 1914TH

Moravia Division II calls played an important role in the Battle of Jadar

where it made a significant contribution in the final victory of the Serbian army
against superior enemy. As an extension of the Battle of Jadar in the neighboring
area took place Cer operations, which was the first Serbian and Allied victory
in World War I.
According to statistical data on the participation of the Morava Division II
calls in the Battle of Jadar and enemys data of this battle, it is clear: that the
Moravian division II calls played a key role in the turnover of this battle, and
that is the most crucial moment in the fight which forced the enemy to retreat.
 LVII 2017

94(497.11)1916
342.4(497.11)1916

1916.

: 1915.
.
,
12. 1914. .
1916. 24 . ,
,
,
.
,
.

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,
.
.
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, , , .

1914.

.

.
12. 1914. ,
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,
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1916. 28. 9. 1916.
128
27 .
,
.
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4, 5, 6. 7. , .
15 45 .

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, 16.
1916. ,
12. 1914. . ,
42. .

.
.

,
,
.
200.000.000 ,
,
,
1914, 1915. 1916. ,
,

,
,

,
10. 1914. .
8. 1916. , 50.
,

.
,
. , 1912.
1913. , 1914. ,
 1916. 129
,
.
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,



. , 10
5 .
, , ,
.
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20, 50, 100, 500 1000 .

. ,

.
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, ,
,
,
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, 1914. , 1915.
, , , . , 28.
1916. , 200

,
.
.
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.
0,50, 1 2 , 10.000.000
, 15.000.000 ,
.


.
1914. 1915. .

,
130
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1914, 1915. 1916.
53. , 12. 1916. .

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.


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. , ,
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,

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132
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134
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 1916. 135
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136
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. ,
1.000 150.00 .
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1.000 50.000 .
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 1916. 137
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1914. , 16. 1916.
42 68. , 28.
9. 1916. , 1918. .
. .

Summary

Nina Kosti
LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITY OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY OF THE
KINGDOM OF SERBIA 1916 iN CORFU

Kingdom of Serbia as an independent state during World War I was forced

to retraet its army out of country in 1915. Along with army, a large number
of civilians went in retreat to leave the occupied country. It was an unique
venture in the history of warfare that a complete army, with civilians, left its
own territory and went outside to take better position to come back and got rid
of the occupiers. Across Albania, Serbian army (and civillians) came finally to
Corfu island in Greece, to be recovered at this Greece island and, after that, to
continue to fight and return to homeland. With the army retreated and members
o Serbian parliament who expressed a clear commitment to continue the work
in new unusual circumstances, confirming the continuity of government of the
Kingdom of Serbia.
 LVII 2017

94:355.01(497.11)1914/1918
623.4(497.11)1914/1918

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Ball Robert, Mauser military rifles of the world, USA, 2006.
De Haas Frank, Van Zwoll Wayne, Bolat action rifles, USA, 2003.
Stoker Donald, Jonathan Grant, Girding for battle-The Arms trade In a
global perspective 1815-1940, London, 2003.
Walter John, Rifles of the world, USA, 2006.

:
, .

Summary

Ivana Gruden Milentijevi

THE WEAPONS OF SERBIAN ARMY IN WORLD WAR I

In the period that preceeded the 1912-1918 wars Serbian state built a
modern army. The creator of that professional military formacy in Serbia was
King Milan Obranovi. National army was divided into three calls, of which
two represented the operational army and the third was in charge of border
146
protection. Last Defense consisted of conscripts from 18 to 21 and from 45 to
50 years of age.The Weapons of Serbian army was modern, but there wasnt
enough if it for Completely army to be armed. In the absence of opportunities
for procurement of new weapons, Serbia was enforced to correction single-shot
system in rapid-fire system, so that the traditional model of Koka Milovanovic,
which is considered to be one of the best single-shot rifles processed into several-
bullets system. Part of the third call remained armed with obsolete single-shots.
The mostly used gun in the Serbian army in World War I was Nagant 1891,
which Serbia imported from Russia.
Among other models that were in use in that period the luger definitely ought
to be mention, noting that it had never been included in the official weapons
because of the high purchase price. As for the machine-guns in the Serbian
army during the First World War, we can talk about two competing models:
Lugers maxims and Austrian Schwarzlose. After the test, Serbia opted for a
system of machine-guns maxims of which 108 were usable at the beginning of
the First World War.
Having in mind that during the WWI about 370.000 Serbian soldiers were
killed, and that Serbian army during the retreat accross Albania certainly lost
a lots of usable weapon, it is a real chance that museums in Serbia possess
specimens of weapons from that period and that they, through the displays or
scientific analysis lead to the creation of a more complete picture of the Serbian
army in that period.
 LVII 2017

94(497.11)1915/1918
- 355.1(497.2)1915/1918
355.48(497.11:497.2)1915/1918

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148
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7 10; . , 1915-1918,
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154
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 - 155
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1918. , 1. .
9. 1918. ,
29. 1918. .
31. 1918. .

Summary

Neboja oki
BULGARIAN MILITARY UNITS WITHIN MORAVIAN
MILITARY INSPECTION AREA

Moravian region or Moravian military inspection area was established by

order of Kyustendil on November 17, 1915 Chief of Bulgarian Army during
World War Major General Nikola Zhekov. Its headquarters is in the city of Nis.
In Moravian region includes all territories conquered by the Bulgarian Army in
Serbia in its borders until 1912, according to secret Bulgarian-German Agreement.
The order until the end of the war, unite the military and civilian authorities in
33
-, . 73, . 1, .. 2158, . 8 9, 29.
34
, . 735, . 1, .. 1, . 3-4; -, . 73, . 1, .. 2158, . 10.
35
, . 1548, . 1, .. 3, . 240. 21.
1918. .
156
Moravian lands. Head of the Moravian regional military inspection was appointed
Lieutenant General Vasil Kutinchev and after its passage in stock - Major General
Alexander Protogerov (1917) and Colonel Peter Darvingov (December 1917 to
February 1918). Governor in Nis at that time was Ivan Strogov.
 LVII 2017

94:355.085.1(497.11)1918
, 930.85(497.11 )

.
,
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1918

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158

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30. 1920. . 6. IV 920
II . 1. 1925. . No 13 990
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166
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. ., , 1978, 480.
., , 1938, 114, 117-120.

Summary

Slavoljub Stankovi Tale

NFANTRY COMMANDER, CAPTAIN BOGI R. VLAHOVI,
THE RECIPIENT OF THE FOURTH-DEGREE ORDER OF
KARAORES STAR WITH SWORDS, THE KNIGHT THAT FIRST
ENTER THE LIBERATED NIS 1918.

Bogi R. Vlahovi (Rovca, 1892-Belgrade) born on the very day of Christmas

and brought up in large family, from father Radoje and mother Stana, born
Bulatovi, joined Serbian Army a year before the Balkan Wars started, during
which he was awarded a medal for bravery. Being wounded thee times during
Balkan Wars and at the beginning of the First World War didn`t bother him
much, so that he would be discouraged and withdraw from the battle. Such
attitude enlisted him among the Serbian Knights. He was the first to enter the
liberated City of Ni, in 1918. He didn`t succeed in being the first to raise Serbian
banner in the City of Ni, too, because, a couple of days before the Serbian
Army entered the city, the young citizen of Ni, Dragoljub Miloevi Crveni,
the future ideologist of the Ravna Gora Movement, did it. Captain Vlahovic`s
170
war companion Mr. Rizni was not lucky enough, either, to be the first to enter
his native city, because, a this honour he left to his captain. After the Big War
he married Lipomata, born Tonkovich, and together they brought up three sons:
Aleksandar, Mihajlo and Radjou. His descendants are not sure about the role
he played in the Big War the two of them went to prison after the Communist
came to power. After his mysterious death, his oldest son successfully emigrated.
This is the first attempt to fully present the biographies of the Serbian Knights
who to The First, The Second and the Sixteenth Regiment of the Serbian Army,
shortly before 100tn Anniversary since the liberation after First World War.
 LVII 2017

94:323.1(497.1)18
28-747:347.2(497.1)18

()

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Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, 5, Zagreb, 1962, 516-517; ,
, , , , 1992, 118-
123; . ,
1877. , , VII, , 1967, 19-24.
172
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3

450; , , , 1963, 11-82.

 () 173
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, IX, , 1969, 165-170; ,
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LVII, , 2008, 137-150.
7
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174
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52-81)
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10
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 () 175

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176
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178
, ,
.19

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31. 1921.
, 1932.

, ,
XVI , , LVII, , 2008,
137-150.
, , , , 1963.
, , 1862-1932,
, 1933.
Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, 5, Zagreb, 1962.
Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, 8, Zagreb, 1971.
, , XV XVI , ,
IX, , 1969, 165-170.
, ,
1877. , , VII, , 1967, 19-24.
, V-1, , 1981.
, , (1912-1915), , 2013.
, , , , , ,
1985.
, , ,
, VII, , 1967, 47-53.
, ,
1878. , , XII, , 1972, 135-139.
, , , , , ,
, , 1992.
-, , 1918-
1941, , 2010.

19
Vakuf, nav. delo, 450.
 () 179

Summary

Slaana Zdravkovi
THE WAQF QUESTION IN THE KINGDOM OF SHS
(YUGOSLAVIA) EXAMPLE: LESKOVACS VAKUF

After the liberation of the Serbian regions that had been for centuries under
Ottoman administration and their annexation to the independent Serbia, state
government, as well as local authorities in Leskovac were faced with a number
of unsolved property issues. It should, inter alia, be resolved the question of
immovable property intended for the maintenance of Turkish mosques that were
left abandoned after the liberation from 1877 to 1878.
As it was seen from the perspective of the state, management of waqf by
the Islamic religious community in the spirit of the foundations charter and
regulations of Sharia law, was under the supreme control of the state authorities
and local governments. Although it remained ad acta, case studies of Leskovacs
waqf is only a part of far more complex religious and political and legal problems
of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats,and Slovenes, respectively the Kingdom of
Yugoslavia, which faced with issues of the purchase, security, planning and
administration care of Waqf, during the entire period of its existence as a State.
 LVII 2017

. 94:930.85(497.11 )1983/1940

1983-1940.

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1939. 1940.

Summary

Hranislav A. Raki
CULTURAL PANORAMA OF VLASOTINCE IN 1983-1940.

The paper discusses the events recorded by the local newspaper Vlasina
in the years of 1938, 1939 and 1940. Regardless of the fact that this newspaper
wasnt able to give a comprehensive content of the certain events, it managed to
inform the public about what was going on not only in Vlasotince but also beyond.
Vlasina offered the remarkable books reviews with their contents, the articles
on The Library and reading room and theater section activities, as well as on the
work of many cultural and musical associates: Njego, Karadjordje, Sokol
society etc. So, rightfully we can say that the cultural panorama of Vlasotince
could stand with major cultural events in the bigger cities.
 LVII 2017

. 94:336.71(497.1)19
338.124.4:336.71(497.1 )19

/

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(11,5 ) .1
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*
(. . 178028)
.
1
Dragutin V. Gaji, Karakteristike razvoja bankarstva u Jugoslaviji izmeu dva
svetska rata, Ekonomski fakultet, neobjavljena doktorska disertacija, Beograd 1965, 100.
192 .
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268 , 1922.
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5. 1922.
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; . , ; , ; .
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. , .6
Isto, 100.
2

Isto, 101-103.
3

4
Surdulica, Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, 8, Zagreb 1971, 219.
5
Definitivni rezultati popisa stanovnitva od 31. januara 1921. god., Sarajevo 1932,
16-18.
6
(),
(65), (1428), . (2412), ( AJ, 65-1428-
2412), 5. 1922.
 . . 193
(70%),
,
XIX .
21.
1922. , 10. 1922.

. 500.000 ,
1.000 500 ,
50 .7

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21. 1923. .8
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1922. , 14.
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AJ, 65-1428-2412, 3. 1923.
8
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1922, 4.
9
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10. 1922.
10
AJ, 65-1428-2412,
10. 1922.
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AJ, 65-1428-2412, 11. 1923.
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AJ, 65-1428-2412,
10. 1922.
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14
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14. 1926.
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AJ, 65-1428-2412,
10. 1922.
16
AJ, 65-1428-2412,
10. 1922.
 . . 195
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5. 1923.
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25. 1923.
20
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23. 1924.
21

:
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16,5% ( , ,
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196 .

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1. , 1. , 1. ,
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, 71%
.24 ,
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22

AJ, 65-1428-2412,
23

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24
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AJ, 65-1428-2412,
7. 1926.
198 .


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28

1926.
 . . 199

1927. .
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1928.
.

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(45.000 )
,
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1927. .30
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,
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, 3%
.31 65% .
, , 1927.
1928. , .
29
AJ, 65-1428-2412,
3. 1927.
30
AJ, 65-1428-2412,
4. 1928.
31
, 5. 1922. ., 1927,
14.
200 .

,
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1928.
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.
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308.351 . 2
,
50.000 (2,5%).32
,
2 ,
,
. 1921.
3.535 , 1928.
2.069 ,33 58,53%
.
, 1931.
3.061 , 3.081 17.416 .34
938,
1.466. ,

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AJ, 65-1428-2412,
32

24. 1929.
33
, , 1928, 824.
34
Definitivni rezultati popisa stanovnitva od 31. januara 1931. god., I, Sarajevo
1937, 11.
 . . 201
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1931. .37

1931. , Kreditanshtalt-
, .

35
, , 824-825.
36
AJ, 65-1428-2412, -
5. 1932.
37
Nikola Vuo, Agrarna kriza u Jugoslaviji 1930-1934, Beograd 1968, 138-139.
202 .
,
.38
1931.
,
2.072.000.000 , 14,54%
.39 ,

, . 1931.
1932. 882
.
,
396 .40
,
19. 1932. ,
.
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.41
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38
. . , 1918-1941,
2012, 474.
39
, , 8.554, , 3. 1932, 4.
40
. , , , 8.625, 16.
1932, 2.
41
Mijo Mirkovi, Ekonomska struktura Jugoslavije 1918-1941, Zagreb 1950, 60-61.
42
, , 22,
22. 1932, 344.
 . . 203
,
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1932.
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1. 45

1923. 500.000 531.300 37.615,73 -
1924. 1 861.717 78.710,10 105.979,70
1925. 1 985.217 145.421,77 105.979,70
1926. 1 2.393.377,50 1.261.961,64 112.521,70
1927. 2 3.414.976 1.668.470,75 119.032,30
1928. 2 3.342.424 2.553.245,92 126.965,30
1929. 2 2.780.439 2.738.034 133.418
1930. 2 2.566.288 2.078.601 133.419
1931. 2 2.231.080,50 2.427.042,34 145.208,51
27. 3. 1932. 2 2.806.387 3.313.276 143.696

43
,
(38), 38-575-742, Jugoslovenski Lloyd, Zagreb 1. jul 1932.
44
AJ, 65-1428-2412,
5. 1933.
45
AJ, 65-1428-2412, 1923.
1931;
27. 3. 1932; Compass, finanzielles Jahrbuch, Jugoslavien, Zagreb 1926, 287
1923. 37.764
; Compass, Wien 1931, 399; Compass, Wien 1932, 394, . . ,
, , 1931,
31. 1929. .
204 .
1.
( %)46

1.

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Compass, Wien 1930, 368; AJ, 65-1428-2412,
46

27. 3. 1932.
 . . 205
.
7. 1930.
.
( ),
1934.
.
.
10% , 5%
, 6% , 3%
, 3% .47
,

, .

,
.
,
.

, , 1928.
Definitivni rezultati popisa stanovnitva od 31. januara 1921. god., Sarajevo
1932.
Definitivni rezultati popisa stanovnitva od 31. januara 1931. god., I,
Sarajevo 1937.
, 1922.
, 1925.
, 5. 1922. .,
1927.
, , 1922.
Compass, finanzielles Jahrbuch, Jugoslavien, Zagreb 1926.
Compass, finanzielles Jahrbuch, Jugoslavien, Wien 1930-1932.

, , 1932.
, , 1932.

, ,
, 20. , 1, 2002.
, ,
1918-1941, 2012.
47
AJ, 65-1428-2412,
11. 1934.
206 .
Vuo, Nikola, Agrarna kriza u Jugoslaviji 1930-1934, Beograd 1968.
, . , ,
, 1931.
Gaji, Dragutin V, Karakteristike razvoja bankarstva u Jugoslaviji izmeu
dva svetska rata, Ekonomski fakultet, neobjavljena doktorska disertacija,
Beograd 1965.
Enciklopedija Jugoslavije, 8, Zagreb 1971.
Mirkovi, Mijo, Ekonomska struktura Jugoslavije 1918-1941, Zagreb 1950.
, , , , , ,
- , 1929.

Summary
Ivan M. Beci
SURDULICAS TRADING BANK
.
After the First World War in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
had been felt the constant lack of funds to run any business activity. To reach
the much-needed capital entrepreneurs made associations and founded the local
financial institutions, which, apart from settling their needs, by investing in
profitable businesses, should make the profit.The great needfor construction
works and of food productionhas spurredmany enterprising people to
engage in banking by merger into joint stock companies.
A common characteristic for these shareholders was that they
hadnt experience in banking operations and were mostly belonging to the
traders.Surdulikaprometnabanka(Surdulicas Trading Bank) had been
founded in 1922, along with the largest number of banks in the Kingdom of
Serbs,Croatsand Slovenes between the two world wars. Getting started was
not in the happiest time, because the inflationary period, favorable for banks,
was at its end and that since the beginning of 1923 the credit crisis erupted in
the state.Surdulikaprometnabankaduring the first years of its existence faced
with a lack of capital, and after, possessed capital that is not always managed
to engage.
This type of business was influenced by the fact that the bank was working
in an area that was not prone to dealing with the financial institutions, which was
poor and faced with a reduction in the number of population and that there were
no economic initiatives that would change the passive economic picture of the
area. Regardless of the low earnings, Surdulika commercial bank reached the
Great Depression in the active state. The economic crisis has further prevented
the successful operations of the Bank and, during the thirties of the twentieth
century, it mainly worked with payment of its creditors Deposits and periodic
collection of overdue moratorium bill, according to the Law on the Protection
of farmers.
 LVII 2017

94:355.01(497.1)1941
355.48(497.1)1941

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60%

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,
, 1914-1941, I, , 1988; . ,
, II, , 1961; . , . ,
, , , 1991; . , . ,
: 27. , , 2007; ,
III, , , 1996.
2
. , 1941, , 1963, . 160-161.
3
(), () 16, 8, 1, 2,
4
. , 1938-1941, -
, 1/1991, . 48.
 M A 209
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6
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210
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7

1936-1941- 15. 1953.

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9
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.
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.
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11
, . 373-378; , I, , 1970, . 187-188.
12
1941, II, , 1987, . 443-445.
212
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 M A 213
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1940. , :
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16
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17
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214
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3.
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9.
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18

.
19
,
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17, 68, 1, 1269. 46. .
20
.
21
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22
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23
. , . , . 406-407.
24
, 17, 68, 1, 1269. .
 M A 215
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1941, . 478.
26
, 17, 67, 11, 1236. , 46.
.
27
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28
22. ,
. , 17, 67, 11, 1236.
,
,
. , 17, 66, 9, 483. 21.
. , 67, 11, 1228. ..
29
1941, . 495-496.
216
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32
,
, , III
. , 17, 5, 1, 30.
33
. , . , . 411-412. , 17, 67, 11, 1236. .
34
17.00 9. .
1941, . 500. : , 17, 4, 1, 21.
III .
35
. , . , . 443. , 17, 67, 11, 1228. .
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36
, 17, 67, 11, 1230.
.
37
; , 1228. .
218
-, , , ,
2004.
-, , , : 27. ,
, 2007.
-, , , , 1975.
-, , ,
1914-1941, I, , 1988.
-, , 1941, , 1963.
-, , , , 1961.

- , , 1970.

-, , 1938-
1941, - , 1/1991, 27-55.

Summary

Dalibor Veloji
THE MORAVA DIVISION IN APRIL WAR

The Morava division in April War was a part of the Serbian III Armys field
force defending Eastern Macedonia against German attacks from the direction of
Bulgaria. Inferiority in equipment, slowness of movement, but also the reluctance
of some commanders, led to a rapid collapse of forces on the border front, which
could not be replaced even by the sacrifice of soldiers and persistence in defense.
After two days of conflict and conquest of Skopje, broken parts of the division
retreated to Kosovo, where they organized a second line of defense. Due to
the rapid advance of the Germans, but also to the rebellion of Albanians in the
background, it was not possible to provide serious resistance. Two days after the
signing of the Armistice, the commander of the Morava Division surrendered
to the Germans manpower remains and technic in Kosovska Mitrovica.
 LVII 2017

94:355.48(497.1)1941/1943
355.486(497.1)1941/1943

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232
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234
, .

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, 1883. , ,
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 ... 235
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1941-1945. .
,
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,
- ,
, ,
,
.

1. 1941-1943. , 1990,
,

1. , , , 1961.
2. , , ,
, 1903-1945, ,
1961.
236
3. , , , 1969.
4. , ,
1903-1845,
1979.
5. ,
1941-1945, 1981.
6. , (,
), 1985.

Summary

ivan Stojkovi
SUFFERING OF BABIKO NOP SQUAD IN THE STRUGGLE FOR
LIBERATION OF THE COUNTRY (ON THE OCCASION OF 75
YEARS OF FORMATION)

Seventy-five years since the formation of Babiko National Liberation

Partisan squad is a major milestone in the history of the Serbian people, and
especially the region of Leskovac. Its formation was the result of the strong
influence of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, who, at the beginning of
July 1941 called on the people to rise against the fascist occupiers and their
collaborators, but also a strong patriotic emotions, which were the result of
a long tradition of liberation as well as the revolt because the capitulation of
Yugoslav royal army and fleeing the King, the Government and the military
leadership out of the country. However, it was also a chance to show a lot of
popular discontent towards the injustices of the capitalist social system, which
was manifested from the very beginning of the struggle by the creation of the
new authorities institutions.
 LVII 2017

94(497.1)1941/1944
358.43(=1:73)(497.1)1941/1944
355.415.8(=410)(497.1)1941/1944

(1941-1944)

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2011, . No 43, , 13.1.1942, 159, 162.
12. 1941. ,
.
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238
,
:
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(Ignjatz Sterheim),
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---
. (: B. Mitrovski, V. Glii, T. Ristovski, Bugarska vojska u Jugoslaviji 1941-
1945, Beograd, 1971, 21).
2
. . , 1941-1943,
, 1979, 17.
3
, 21.
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1 ( 809-
), , 1994, 10; . ,
1941-1943, 21.
 A ... 239
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5
. , /Les Allis
et sujets trangers dans le Camp Croix-Rouge Nis, , 2016, 20.
6
, 11.
7
(: ),
e (Befehlshaber und des SD) (: BdS), A-302.
GFP-Gruppe 20 Aussenstelle Nisch, Tgb.Nr.375/42, Hauptmann Bogdanovic, Festnahme
wegen unterstutzng nichtdeutscher Militrpersonen, Nisch, den 13. 8. 1942.
8
. , /Les Allis
et sujets trangers dans le Camp Croix-Rouge Nis, 11.
9
, BdS, A-302. Aussenkommando Nisch, B.Nr.1088/42. P.A.520, Cetnikvojvode
Jordan Kimic, geb.am 6.1.1901 zu Kumanovo, wohnhaft in Skopje, Svetimetodija 21 und
hauptmann Borivoje Bogdanovic, Nisch, den 9.9.1942; . ,
240
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1942. ,
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).10 1942.
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.13 20. , -

(Arthur Hakswort),
, , 1975, 353. (
),
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10
(: ), (: ), (: .) 99,
(: .) 8/1-3; M. Terzi, Jugoslovenska kraljevska
vlada i ubacivanje propagandnog materijala u zemlju 1941-1943, Tokovi istorije (asopis
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. , . , . . , 1941-1944,
, 1993, 80; , , . 289 . . 3/1-1.
12
(: ),
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, 2/2010 (2010), ,40,41.
 A ... 241
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sujets trangers dans le Camp Croix-Rouge Nis, 13. (Bill Kopp)
(Rupert Ro) .
,
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(. , (
1943-1944), , 1992, 105).
15
,
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1.
15. , .
(: Kreis). ,
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, .
. (.,
, 142, 245; V. Dikin, Bojovna planina, Beograd, 1973, 180-185, ,
-
(: ), -311 (: -501), (: ) 175, (: ) 001326,
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(: ), . 333, 47. .. 14. .
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16
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242
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18

27/87).
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. 9. 1944. ,
,
110 22
,
... (, , . 99, . S--57).

: (Blackmore) ( 2.6.43. ),
(Bought), (Dennis Boon), ,
(Greenwich), (John), (Bill Kopp),
(Michael Lesse), (Lindstrome) ( 2. 6. 43.
), , (George Moore), (Rupert
Ro), (Sehmer), (Smith) ( 2.
6. 43), (Thompson) ( 2. 6. 43. ),
(Harwei), (Arthur Hakswort) ( 1. 5. 43. ),
(Arthur Shenton) ( 1. 5. 43. ) (, ,
-501, -255, -001095, 001098, 001099, 001101).
20
Drugi svjetski rat (Druga knjiga), Zagreb-Ljubljana-Beograd, 1980, 370.
 A ... 243
. ,

.21

1943. ,
,
.

1. 1943. , 16 , ,

, .
. ,
.
-,
. ,
.
,
.22

. : , , .
,
, . , ,

.23
21
. , , , 1968, 258-259.
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244
,
,
, 24. 1944. .

.
, ,
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.

,
.
, 10
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, .
.
15.
. ,
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,
,

(Daryl Epp), (Walter Hardiek) (Dale Hulsey).

(NAW, MACRs, 11840-P.War Department Headquarters Army Air Forces Washington
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, , . 82, . VK-V-332. .
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, . : . ,
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() ), , 1998, 317-321;
, . 276, . . 3/1-5; 3/1-6.
125 60

110. (, , . 276, . . 3/1-5)
 A ... 245
.
27

,
. , 45 ,
DC-3 Douglas,
29. 30. 1944. .28

K 1943.
(-), . ( ),
. .
.29
(Lean Faris)
(Ely Popovic), 16. 1944.
, ,
,
. (Selvig),
(Goodwin), (Green)
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.30

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,
. , 16. 1944. ,
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.31

, , 18.
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24. 1944. , ,
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10 ,
. .
27
NAW, MACRs,1992. Individual casualty questionnaire, Stephen Sika.
28
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29
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in the Balkans during World War II), Washington, 1995, 29.
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246

.32

15.
.33

,
. , 24. ,
, .
.
,
, ,
.
.
.34
,
.
. .
, .
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.
.

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.
,
. ,
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32

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33

.
, ,
. 15. (15.
United States Army Forces-USAF), MAAF (Mediteranien American Air Force),

, , (W. M.
Leary, Fueling the Fires od Resistance, 28; G. A. Friman, 500 zaboravljenih (Neispriana
pria o ljudima koji su sve rizikovali u najveoj akciji spasavanja u Drugom svetskom
ratu), Beograd, 2009, 204).
34
. , (
), , 1980, 252.
 A ... 247
.
35

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.36
27. 1944.
, ,
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(, , ) ,
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.
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(Muirhead)

.41
35
, 253.
36
.
37
. . , (1943-
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38
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(Grieco) ,
.
, 7. 1944. .42
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.
. ,

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,

.43
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, . To-
, ,
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,

,
. ,
(McWelly), ,
(Hall),
.
,
,
.
, ,
,
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42
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43
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, : . ,
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, .
45
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 A ... 249
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NAW, MACRs 42-2979. Individual casualty questionnaire, Joseph F. Cardone.
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, , . 82, VK-V-332. ;

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, BdS, C-183. Nisch, 28. 7. 1944.
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68
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NAW, MACRs 42-2979. Individual casualty questionnaire, Frank H. Clos; James
T. Holcomb.
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et sujets trangers dans le Camp Croix-Rouge Nis, 16; NAW, MACRs 41-20436. Report
on shot-down aircraft, 25. nov.1944.
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NAW, MACRs 44-40489. Individual casualty questionnaire, Henry Ford.
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, 1918-1941, , 2014, 365.
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., () (1941-
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83
National Archives in Washington (: NAW), (: ) 1642,
(: .) 84/WASH-DIR-OFF-OF-266:972 OSS OPS.Balkans-13,437-Tito I
(: 84), (: .) DECLASIFIED NND 877190. Headquarters 2677 TH
Regiment Office od Strategic Services (provisional) APO 534 U.S Army, 19. September
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2011, 99.
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of Journey to Headquarters of Tito`s Serbian Army (7-18 Sept.1944), 3.
87
NAW, . 1642, . 84. . DECLASIFIED NND 877190. Headquarters
2677 TH Regiment Office od Strategic Services (provisional) APO 534 U.S Army,
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 A ... 257
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,

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,
.95

Summary

Aleksandar Dini
ANGLO-AMERICANS IN LESKOVAC AND VRANJE AND RESCUE
OF THEIR PILOTS (1941-1944)

On the territory of Leskovac and Vranje district in the period from 1942 to
1944, there were about a hundred members of the allied military mission and
, , , 12/414-16, . S-W-2422.
93

, , . 99, . . 8/1-1, . S-V-16550/2.

94

95
. , , , 2001, 355-359.
: 15. 2008. .
65 ; 23.
2010. . ; 27. 2013.
. ; 19. 2014. .
:
; 24. 2009. .
500 ; 7. 2010. .
; 30. 2016.
. , 500
, .
 A ... 259
almost the same number of Allied airmen had been fallen after skirmishes with
enemy planes or actions of counter-air defense.
Under the fight or beyond, 49 Allied airmen had been rescued, as well as
28 members of JVUO(Yugoslav Army in Homeland), and 21 members of the
NLA (National liberation army). More than 50 airmen fell into slavery or are
killed in their airplanes or after landing.
US military specialist crews after the war exhumed dead and temporarily
buried airmen in Oruglica, Klaji, Lukovska Spa and Rujkovac and took them to
the USA, except for the six missing in May 1944, for which it continues to trace.
Anglo-American military missions greatly strengthened and increased the
resistance movement in this part of Serbia, while the share of the same area in
the rescue of Allied airmen marked it as the prominent. Besides the members
of the resistance, the people of South Morava region, Jablanica, Vranje, Crna
Trava, Toplica and Kosanica had a remarkable role in the rescue of allies pilots.
 LVII 2017

94:341.485(=411.11)(497.11)1941/1944
930.2:929 .
930.2:929 .

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, numerus clausus,10
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, ,
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. : 5. 1940; Dr J. Romano, Jevreji Jugoslavije
1941-1945 rtve genocida i uesnici Narodnooslobodilakog rata, Savez Jevrejskih optina
Jugoslavije, Beograd, 1980, 12
11
, 29. 1. 1992, .1 (
).
.
12

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. : ,
, (, .3).
13
, 29.1.1992, .1. .

- . 6 1981, 18-20. ( ).
. , , , , 2001, 97.
268
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9. 2. 1989.
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 : ...269
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20
,. 3.
21
.
M, Fogel, dr M.Ristovi dr M. Koljanin , Pravednci
meu narodima, Jevrejska optina Zemun, Beograd, 2010, 243.
270

Summary

Neboja Ozimi
DRAGIA CVETKOVI AND RADOJICA STANKOVI:
RIGHTEOUS AMONG THE NATIONS

The highest recognition of the State of Israel to non-Jews is Righteous

Among the Nations. Cases of Dragisa Cvetkovic, who kept safe Jewish family
Katon during the WW II, on which exists numerous statements, and Radojice
Stankovic, who, as Secretary of the Red Cross in the city of Ni, had been
hiding Nisim Leki under an assumed name, of which there is also a testimony,
just illustrate the existence of examples of doing good deeds for which nobody
never finds out..
 LVII 2017

* 94:323(497.1)1963/1991

323.173(=18)(497.115)1969/...
/ 929.921(=18)(497.115)1969/...

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3. 1945. .
-
* , /,
petar.ristanovic@gmail.com
**
(. . 178028), ,

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1958-1965, 2016, . 59-60.
272
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27.211 . 1974/5. 279.475
60.188 .8 ,
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, .9

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1948. 498.242 68.45%.
2

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1961. 646.605 67.07%. 1918-1988, ,
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4
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6
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1700 ,
300 . . , . , :
, 2, , 1987, . 295.
7
, , 1949, . 39.
8
D. Kostovicova, Kosovo: The politics od identity and space, Routledge, New York
2005, . 40.
9
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 273
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Kostovicova 2005: Denisa Kostovicova, Kosovo: The politics od identity
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.
1991: , .
1971/1972, , 1991.
20013: ,
60- 20. , :
, , .
2013: , 20. , Clio,
.

Summary

Petar Ristanovi
THE ALBANIAN NATIONALITY FLAG IN
THE SOCIALIST YUGOSLAVIA

The question of Albanian nationality flag use was raised in the time of
preparation of the Constitution changes, after the Brioni Plenum. Untill then,
red-and-black flags, with two-headed eagle, identical to one on the flag of NSR
Albania, were usually hoisted in celebration and grief, and especially on the
Flag Day, the Albanian national holiday on 28th of November, when the Albania
independence was proclaimed. Highlighting the flag symbolically exspressed
the Albanian national unity and defiance to the Yugoslavian regime.
290
After acceptance of amendments on the Constitutions of Yugoslavia from
1967, 1968. and 1971, and especially after Constitution of 1974, Socialistic
Autonomous Province of Kosovo became Republic in all, but the name. That
burst into flame the nationalist aspirations of Albanians, present to the public
since the mid-sixties. Although the Law of ethnic flag use was never enacted,
in the province as national flag was used a red-black flag, identical to the one
in Albania.
The rebellion in Kosovo in 1981 brought to the surface the inter-ethnic
problems in Kosovo and revealed the depth of the secessionist movement. The
separatists have used the flag as a symbol of aspiration for the separation of
Kosovo from Yugoslavia and unification with Albania. On the other hand, in
Serbia, Montenegro and Macedonia, have tried to challenge the use of the flag,
pointing out that as the flag of nationality can not be used the flag of another
country. They demanded to define the new look of the flag, which would include
a symbol of Yugoslav integrity, tricolor flag or coat of arms.
In the numerous excesses in Kosovo the flag was used in the symbolic sense.
Province authorities balanced between the aspirations of the majority Albanian
who did not want another flag, and the risk of being accused of supporting the
nationalists. They persistently defended the use of the flag, trying to close the
story about it, or, after minor changes in appearance, to gain its official adoption.
A deal in the Federal Assembly even after fierce debate was not reached.
The Constitutional Court of Yugoslavia challenged provision of the Kosovo
Constitution, which talks about national flag. Also, the 44th Amendment to
the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia, adopted in March 1989, which talked
about ethnic flag, had been questioned. The escalation of events in Kosovo,
illegitimate proclamation of the Republic of Kosovo by the Albanians alternative
and then the suspension of provincial institutions by the Assembly of the Socialist
Republic of Serbia in 1991 affected the permanent divergence authorities in the
Federal Republic of Serbia and representatives of the Albanians, so the question
of acceptance of an official ethnic Albanians flag became irrelevant.
 LVII 2017

75.052:271.222(497.11)15
930.85(497.11)

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304 ,

Summary

Aleksandra Dimitrijevi, Jasmina Zlatkovi

WALL PAINTINGS OF THE NAVE IN THE MONASTERY
OF SAINT GEORGE IN TEMSKA

In this work there was an attempt made to give a complex representation of

the entire wall painting of the nave in monastery Temska. By the restoration of
Patriarchate of Pec in the middle of 16th century, there started a period of artistic
revival of the Serbian people oppressed under the Turkish rule. Emphasizing the
spiritual and artistic values, as well as illuminated manuscripts and medieval
frescoes which are by themselves glorious representation of the past, provide
a strong incentive for a new artistic and spiritual elevation by church leaders,
the founder s and the donors.
The painters respected academism in the reconstruction of the frescoes of the
older buildings, and complied with all the principles of older layers of painting.
Among the reconstructed and painted monuments, there is St Georges Church
in Temska. The church was painted for several times and the oldest preserved
frescoes are in the nave. The founders were probably the wealthiest people of
that area.
Based on the thematic and iconographic analysis of frescoes in St Georges
Church in Temska, there came a conclusion that they origin from two different
periods of time, as well as there were two masters who painted them. After the
reconstruction of Patriarchate of Pec, in churches, except the common faces of
the apostles ,holy warriors, and monks, there was painted a considerable number
of local, primarily Serbian saints, as well as family members the Nemanjic
dynasty. Based on these facts and the Serbian dignitaries painted in the narthex
of Temska, it can be concluded that the area around Temska certainly belonged
to the reconstructed Patriarchate of Pec.
The painting of the nave of Temska catholicon can be defined as a medium
quality work, done without security and routine. The sum of art solutions in the
nave is derived rather unbalanced, with lack of interest for anatomic studies as
well as for precise print labeling which can be attributed to the lack of funds
for the payment of better and more skillful painters However, even as such,
this mural represents the time and atmosphere in which it was created during
the period of Turkish rule. In artistic terms, this painting, although of medium
quality value,represents a synthesis of old iconographic solutions easily derived
and some new solutions, which indicated a new time.
 LVII 2017

904:728.31(497.11 )
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306


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308
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Wikipedia.org (https://sr.wikipedia.org/sr).
312
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 313
, ., : ,
: , 2003, 31.
I. M., Borina kua najvea znamenitost Vranja, June vesti, Vranje, 25.
4. 2014.
, .,
, 28, , 1995, 6780.
, ., 1854. 1904.
, ( ), , 1998, 263284.
, .,
, : ,
., , . (.), ,
, 2006, 245258.
, ., ,
LI, , 2011, 469471.
, ., : , :
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18041854 ( ), ,
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, ., XIX , : Art Press, 2006.
, ., , ., , .,

, 32, :
, 3943.
, ., , I, XLII, . 14, 1933,
190191.
, ., 19. 20.
, : 31. , 2015.
Stani, R., Narodno graditeljstvo na Balkanu, Beograd: RZZSKS, 1987.

:
http://vranjskikutak.rs/pasin-konak/
http://www.rtv-vranje.rs
http://spomenicikulture.mi.sanu.ac.rs/spomenik.php?id=963
https://www.srbijadanas.com/clanak/grad-meraka-i-sevdaha-10-03-2015
https://sr.wikipedia.org/sr
http://www.nacionalnarevija.com/tekstovi/br2/domsadusom.html
314

Summary

Aleksandra Stamenkovi
THE CONTRIBUTION TO STUDY OF BABA ZLATA STREET
COMPLEX IN VRANJE

The Baba-Zlata street is one of the spatial units in the old town of Vranje,
with a significant number of houses that give evidence for the architectural and
urban development of the city. The houses are distinguished by a pronounced
national characteristics in architecture, but also suggest the historical, social,
economic and cultural development of the urban context. Historical and artistic
value of the object is further imply value environment, but the aim of this paper
is to remind of its cultural significance and highlight the need for conservation
and revitalization, which would encourage thinking about similar units in the
wider area of Serbia.

 LVII 2017

398:303.442.23
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Summary

Velibor Lazarevi

PERMEATION OF THE KRALJICA AND LAZARICA SONGS IN

THE SOUTHERN SERBIA AND THE SURROUNDING AREAS

A special kind of ritual songs are singing by women ceremonial group

kraljice. They perform a ceremony by singing and dancing named after the
queen who leads them and queens that follow, like the ritual of dodole and
326
the lazarica that are named after a refrain of their songs, and they, after the
chorus lado, lado could conditionally call ladarice.
For the most part of Serbia, kraljica (ladarica) songs have been eventually
become functional lazarica songs after chorus Lazare, Lazare, but over time
the Serbian Lazarica poems by content and purpose took young Gipsies girls
(Leva and Temni) also in syncretic form (song and dance).
Lazarica ceremonies and songs that accompany them are performed by the
group of girls, usually called Lazarice. Songs filled with wishes for health, fertility
of ancestors, fields and cattle and other benefits were singing in village of the
same group, and, in some areas, in neighboring villages, every year on the eve
of Lazarus Saturday or on the Lazarus Saturday. They are suitable to conditions
within the family and home, career, and often improvised on customer demand.
As Lazarica songs are related to the feast of the resurrection of Lazarus,
and Kraljice to Djurdjevdan (St. George day), Trinity, their performances are
separated by short period of times, so the mutual permeations were normal.
Dragutin M. orevi said that the Lazarica songs in the Leskovacs Morava are
numerous and most widespread of all ritual songs. He notes that the preparation
for Lazarica songs, in fact, is preparation for the Kraljica songs. The songs that
are sung in lazarica day, are singing on the day of the kraljica. However, Kraljica
songs are different in content (there are not too much of them) of lazarica, both
in melody and in the organization and preparation.
In southern and eastern Serbia, Dobri, Toplica, Zupa of Aleksandrovac
and the southern part of Tamni, Serbian people willingly borrow Kraljica
songs for Lazaricas ritual because they have the same purpose, but the ritual
is performed differently. There is not seen any offense in it but relief of rituals
or singing engagement.
In antiquity, these two rites were more differentiated because one of them was
newer (Lazarica) and other older (Kraljica), but over time it came to borrowing
from the old to the new
All the songs that have a chorus Lazare are Lazarica songs, but it is not the
sole requirement because they are determined also, with the time of singing,
purpose and occasion, form and content. The borrowed Kraljica in Lazarica
songs that havent chorus Lazare, Lazare but Lado Lado (Krusevac Pomoravlje)
etc., still took the function of lazarica and counted in Lazarica songs, as they
are sung on the occasion of Lazarus Saturday.
A clearer differentiation could be established among the Kraljica songs
themselves. Variants with chorus lado, lado; Doz, doz; Djermane, Djermane
belong to Kraljica songs as well as those without these chorus singing
conveniently in Kraljica ceremony. Those of Kraljica songs which are borrowed
by Lazarica are to be considered only originating Kraljicas, but they gradually
acquired Lazarica function
From all above could be concluded that convenient ceremony songs have
changed its functions because of practical reason, but their content remains the
same and only was adapted to ritual function and ritual context.
 LVII 2017

. 398:303.446(497.115)
39:316.722
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of Islamic Studies, McGill University Montreal April, 2011: 327-329.
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MacDermott, Mercia (1998). Bulgarian Folk Customs. Jessica Kingsley

Publishers. London and Philadelphia.

Rice, Timothy (1994). May it Fill Your Soul: Experiencing Bulgarian Music.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Silverman, Carol (1989). Etnicity, folklore, and cultural politics in Bulgaria.

University of Oregon. Eugene, Oregon.
340 .
Ylmaz, Glay (2011). The Probate Register of Hseyin Bee bn. Hasan.
The economic and social roles of janissaries in a 17th century ottoman city:
the case of Istanbul. Institute of Islamic Studies. McGill University Montreal.

Summary

Verica R. Mihajlovi
FOLKLORE CLOSENESS OF BULGARIA AND KOSOVO AND
METOHIJA: ANALOGY OF ELEMENTS OF THE NATIONAL
COSTUME AND MUSIC

The paper is directed to a comparison of folk tradition Kosovo elements

with the tradition of some regions in Bulgaria with the purpose of establishing
the analogies of material proofs of the coexistence of the two nations on the
Balkan Peninsula. Research shows that the two nations share many common
features, starting with the language as a factor blurring the boundaries between
the two countries, to the extent that the inhabitants of the border areas of Bulgaria
and Serbia understand each other better than their compatriots from their own
countries. Every aspect of the national heritage of two nations, the Bulgarian
people and the Serbian people in Kosovo and Metohija shows a certain degree
of analogy. Threads of close mentality in the national spirit run through all lay-
ers of the folk culture, undermining sharp political conflicts between the two
nations. Actually, the folk culture proves that the Balkan is one specific ground,
diverse field of fusion of many cultures, no matter in what extent individual and
nationalized, can never avoid noticing similarities in comparative consideration.
Historical circumstances, metanastasic movement and geographical proximity
always and without exception have their materialization in the folk tradition.
This, of course, does not mean the claim and identity of cultures. The specific-
ity of the different nations and local ethnographic areas, which certainly exists,
manifests itself through a unique fusion of not unique elements.
 LVII 2017

821.163.41-84:398
, 398.6(497.11 )

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Zavetanje Stefana Nemanje o jeziku: HTTPS/www.youtoube.com/

1

Nova enciklopedija u boji - Vuk Stefanovi-Larusse br.1.689 Beograd 1977.

2

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korienju narodnih izreka u komunikaciji sa ljudima.
350

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Summary

Slaana Rajkovi
THE POPULAR SAYINGS IN LESKOVAC AREA

The popular sayings, as a language form, expresses a certain truth in the

culture of a people. A saying is a metaphorical expression, verbal formula
commonly shown by a picture that forms part of the sentence, inside which it
is easy to maintain and expand. A saying is a more concrete than proverbs and
doesnt tend to generalizations. It can express the trait, situation, action. At the
same time, it uses the allegorical meaning of the syntagma as a whole. A saying
is every form of speech that is repeated in the traditional form: comparisons
from ordinary life, literature, history, can also be considered sayings.
This paper contains 295 collected sayings that later some other experts can
classify and analyze.
Beside the work on the field, for this project are used advantages of
information technology, by monitoring certain groups on social networks, and
some of them are actively involved in the project and thus expanded the network
of contributors with the most prominent members of these groups.
I think that sayings quoted in this paper deserve the attention of
anthropologists, as well as contemporary writers.
 LVII 2017

. 069.51:904(497.11)
904:623.446.1653(497.11)

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10
M. Vujovi, Naoruanje i oprema rimskog vojnika u Gornjoj Meziji i jugoistonom
delu Panonije, agistarski rad, Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu 1998, 100.
11
.
12
D. Pribakovi, Prilog hronologiji naoruanja Slovena u VI i VII veku, Vesnik Vojnog
muzeja 11-12, 1966, 46.
13
. , . , 60.
14
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Museum 7, 2006, 61, . III/4; . ,
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. 166.
15
S. Vetni, Medieval weapons and implements deriving from the Middle Morava
basin, Balcanoslavica 10, 1983, 142, . V, 8, 9, 10.
354 .
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16

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17

18
A. Lalovi, Srednjovekovno oruje iz Narodnog muzeja u Zajearu i Zaviajnog
muzeja u Knjaevcu,Zbornik radova Muzeja rudarstva i metalurgije 2, 1982, 82, T. VI, sl. 48.
19
. , , 2005,
57, . . 97, 98.
20
. , VIII-XIV . III, 1992, 172, . 156/2.
21
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24
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25
S. Vetni, . , 143.
26
. , . , 59-60.
27
D. Pileti, Zbirka topuza, buzdovana, nadaka i bojnih sekira u Vojnom muzeju,
Vesnik Vojnog muzeja 28, 1982, 65-68, sl. 1, sl. 3.
28
. , - M
, I, 2008, 143.
29
M. ercer, Staro oruje na motki, katalog muzejskih zbirki VII, Zagreb 1972, 49-50,
kat. br. 81, 85, 86, T. 11.
30
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31
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356 .
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35
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36
A. Lalovi, . , 71, kat. br. 10-13, 15, 16, T. II, sl. 10-13, 15, 16.
37
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38
A. Lalovi, . , 71, kat. br. 14, T. II, sl. 14.
39
. , . , 72-73, 153, . . 215, . 30/ 215.
40
D. Pribakovi, . , 42, T. IX/c.
41
. , . . , . , 53, 162, . . 160.
D. Mini, O. Vukadin, Srednjovekovni Stala, Beograd, 2007, 115, tip VII, sl. 72/18.
42

S. Vetni, . , 139, T. I, 15-16.

43

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45
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47
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48
P. pehar, Materijalna kultura iz ranovizantijskih utvrenja u erdapu, Beograd,
2010, 129-130, kat. br. 696, 703, 704, T. XXXIX/696, 703, 704.
49
M. Popovi, Tvrava Ras, Beograd, 1999, 112, sl. 59/4.
50
. , . , 119.
51
. , . . , . , 51, 162-163, . . 162.
52
D. Mini, O. Vukadin, . , 113, sl. 72/7, 8.
53
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54
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358 .
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magyar Nemzeti muzeum fegzvertrnak XI-XIV szzadi csillag alak buzognzai, Folia
archaeologia XXII, Budapest 1971, 165-180.
56
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59
M. C. Bishop, J.C.N. Coulston, Roman Military Equipment: From the Punic Wars
to the Fall of Rome, London, 1993, 54.
60
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360 .

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364 .

Summary

Slobodan Miti
COMPARATIVE PRESENTATION OF MEDIEVAL WEAPONS IN
COLLECTIONS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUMS IN NIS AND IN
LESKOVAC

This paper deals with the interpretation and analysis of maces, clubs and
arrowheads that are kept in the medieval collection of the National Museum
in Nis. The main problem relates to dating because it is mainly about chance
finds that have no archaeological context. Given this, the only way that these
specimens were dated are analogies from the weapon collection of National
Museum in Leskovac, and museum collections throughout Serbia. Using this
analogy, an attempt was made to overcome this problem, i.e., by comparison of
ours and copies that have been published, and are from closed archaeological
sites, certain chronological framework has been obtained. Those framerwrks
indicate that represented arrowheads, mace and mace were in use from the
Migration period until the late Middle Ages.
 LVII 2017

069.012(497.11)
069.8(497.11

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281 .
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1. 1
1
Milovan Vukovi, ivan ivkovi, Metodologija nauno-istraivakog rada, Beograd, 2005.
366
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-
Ferreira S., Smartt C., Applying Systems Engineering to Survey Research, Procedia
2

Computer Science 16, 2013, 102 111.

3
Scudder D. Gary, Hill A.Craig, A review and classification of empirical research in
operations management, Journal of Operations Management 16, 1998, 91 101.
4
Krivoejev Vladimir, Muzeji, publika, marketing Stalne muzejske postavke i
njegova visost posetilac, Valjevo, 2009.
5
Milovan Vukovi, ivan ivkovi, Metodologija nauno-istraivakog rada, Beograd,
2005.
 ... 367
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6
Van M. Peter, Museological research, Towards a methodology of museology, PhD
thesis, University of Zagreb, 1992.
7
Milovan Vukovi, ivan ivkovi, Metodologija nauno- istraivakog rada, Beograd,
2005.
8
Isto.
9
Scudder D. Gary, Hill A.Craig, A review and classification of empirical research in
operation management, Journal of Operations Management 16, 1998, 91 101.
368

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http://www.dukagjinicollege.eu/empirikus1/243_265_safet_kalac_-_bahrije_
thaqi.pdf
http://www.cesk.org.rs/index.php/rs/o-nama
http://automobilizam.org/tag/metoda-ankete/
http://www.scribd.com/doc/32362860/Povijest-muzeologije#scribd
http://www.fms-tivat.me/predavanja4god/Metodologija_naucno_istrazivackog_
rada_ZL.pdf
http://www.kiphz.hr/znanstveni_rad_anketiranje.php
http://www.anthroserbia.org/Content/PDF/Articles/gavrilovic_muzeologija_u_
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Summary

Suzana Ranelovi
EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION IN MUSEUM RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES - CASE STUDY NATIONAL MUSEUM OF LESKOVAC

The study examines the impact of the museum offers to the visitors
satisfaction. Visitors were surveyed on permanent display in the National
Museum in Leskovac. Model in the study of satisfaction of visitors used the
384
following indicators: the impact based on the museum ambience, the impact of
which is based on emotional impact, and the impact of quality of service and
quality of experience. Empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 281
respondents, which allows us to confirm that a complete museum offers have a
great influence on the satisfaction of visitors to the museum. The survey results
show what visitors encountered and to what extent they are satisfied, and how
their expectations are met. Studies have shown that the criteria of the model
can be used for the development and improvement of the quality of the museum
offer and thereby raising the level of satisfaction of visitors to the museum.
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124. ,
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125. ,
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126. ,
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130. ,
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132. / // 4
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135. ,
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137. / // 4 : C/11 ( 1999) 14.

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138. ,
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140. ,
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143. : . / .
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161. ,
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171. ,
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174. ,
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178. , .
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190. ,
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208. , .
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213. ,
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239. ,
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240. ,
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243. ,
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248. : , , /
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260. / [ ] // 1 : C/2 (15. 1997) .

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261. / [ ] // 1 : C/2 (15. 1997) 2.

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267. / [ ]//3 : C/45 ( 1997 1998) [1]

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268. : / [ ] // 3 : C/45
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269. : / // 3
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280. , / [
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295. : /
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307. ,
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. C/45, . 6
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. .C/6, . 6 ; . C/7, . 6 ; . C/12, . 8
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. C/7, . 12 ; . C/89, . 18
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. C/89, . 22
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: .,
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. C/6, . 13
BRYCE 2 .
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424
. C/1314, . 11
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, 1945. : ,
. C/89, . 17
1909. . C/3, . 13
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. C/45, . 19 ; . C/89, . 19
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 - 425
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] . C/7, . 16
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. 8
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Photoshop 5 . C/1314, . 16
. C/45, . 3
. C/45, . 10
1877 1927.
C/1, . 10
. C/2, . 3
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. C/7, . 11
24. (7. X) 1918 . C/6, . 15
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, 1930 .C/89, . . .
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6. A . C/1, . 2
426

. C/2, . 2
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. C/12, . 8
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1918. . C/6,
a . . .
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___________________

, . ( , 55 x 58) . C/89, . 19
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.
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opus micstum (.) . C/3, . . .
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19
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ISBD (CR), , 2006.
 - 435
4. , , : 17681995,
, 1993.
5. : . . 1 (1996) . 6
(2001).
- COBIB. SR http: //
www.vbs.rs
https://www.worldcat.org

Summary

Tatjana Jankov
LESKOVANIN SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY NEWSPAPER
(19962001) BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ARTICLES

The subject of this work is a bibliography of articles published in the local

paper Leskovanin, which was published from 1996 to 2001 in Leskovac.
This local paper published scientific and literary articles. 14 issues of this paper
were published. This bibliography is a primary bibliography, it is done de visu
and it contains 307 bibliographic units. It contains introduction, editorial notes
and bibliographic material and it also contains author index, author index of
art and photo supplements and subject index.
 LVII 2017

726.8(=163.41)(497.2 )

()

: 40.000
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446

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, ,

. ,
. ,
. ,
, 1936.

,
. .

.

, /

, , III-1
, :
, , , , 2015.

Summary

ORE STOI
SERBIAN MILITARY CEMETRY IN SOFIA

The essay represents a kind of introduction into the history of the Serbian
Military Cemetry in Sofia (Republic of Bulgaria) and deals with a little-known
facts about the formation and condition of the cemetery. During the WWI
3
, , III-1.
450
militaries prison camps in Bulgaria included around 40,000 of Serbian war
prisoners. After the WWI evidenced more than 38 locations and 5,952 graves
of POW and interned Serbian citizens in Bulgaria. A large number of Serbian
soldiers graves centered around the POWs camps especially in Sliven, Haskovo,
Yambol, Kyustendil, Stara Zagora, Shumen, Veliko Tarnovo, but they never
listed and marked. These circumstances have caused a little information about
them. It seems that the Serbian Military Cemetery in Sofia is among the few
which today functioning as a memorial in Bulgaria. In addition to precise data
about the condition of the cemetery, the essay provides also names of the Serbian
who were buried there.
 LVII 2017

. 94:334.732.2(497.11 )
334.74:340.134
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478 .

Summary

Miomir Marinkovi
CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORY OF CREDIT COOPERATIVES
IN SERBIA: YOUTH COOPERATIVE FOR CREDITS AND SAVINGS
IN LESKOVAC

In the second half of the 19th century cooperatives in agriculture and other
industries in Western Europe and North America found its legal and organisational
forms, as well as support from the State and started to thrive
They also had a political dimension, and positioned between capitalism
and socialism by accepting private property, market economy and political
democracy, and, at the same time, by promoting global social progress, resistance
to unbridled capitalism, economic democracy and unity.
Ideas of Modern cooperatives in Serbia fell on fertile ground and found a
large number of supporters. High interests of Leskovacs banks (over 16% in the
mid-twenties of last century) painfully had been felt those entrepreneurs who was
lacking capital for work or start bussiness. It is especially referred to the young
merchants and craftmen, to whom the loans of National Bank and the Belgrade
money Institutes werent available. In the economic-financial environment in
Leskovac, on the initiative and ideas of Ljubomir N. Marinkovic Strojkovcanin,
exporter from Leskovac, founded Youth credit and savings cooperative in this
city. This cooperative was supposed to help young craftsmen and merchants to ,
through unity and self-help, to come to funds for work and general development.
By its financial strength, business scope, numerous membership, dynamic
development, spreading the ideas of modern cooperatives, educational work,
reputation and engagement in Glavni savez (Central Alliance of cooperatives in
Serbia), political action and influence, the strength of its own case in establishing
similar cooperatives, the Youth cooperative in Leskovac has met and far exceeded
initial objectives of its founders.
By its work and engagement, Youth cooperative directly represented the
conceptual values, appropriateness and strength of the modern cooperative
movement in practice in our midst.
As well as all other credit institutions in Serbia, this cooperative was
liquidated in 1946.
 LVII 2017

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 LVII 2017

IN MEMORIAM

(1923-2017)

1957. ,

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490 IN MEMORIAM
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. LVII

***

***

***

***

***

: 500

***

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CIP -
,

08

= Leskovaki zbornik /
. - 1961, 1-
. - : , 1961- ( :
). - 24 cm

.
ISSN 0459-1070 =
COBISS.SR-ID 4022274