SOME AND ANY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND THEIR

COUNTERPARTS AND USAGE IN AZERI LANGUAGE.

Zarifa Kazimova, zkazimova@std.qu.edu.az, Esmer Mecidli, emecidli@std.qu.edu.az.

Indefinite pronouns which belong to modern English language are used to refer
human beings and objects that are not familiar with a speaker. There are some words which
are shown below include to a group of indefinite pronouns: some, any, somebody, anybody,
someone, anyone, something, anything, many, much, little, few. It is a fact that six of these
pronouns are simple, the rest of them are compound words. Indefinite compound pronouns are
made by adding the words body, thing and one to the simple pronouns some and
any :somebody, something, someone, anybody, anyone, anything. In Modern English
language two indefinite pronouns some and any constitute the main part of these group.
In fact, those words are the same by their lexical meaning. Presumably, both of them express
the same meaning: a few and after plural countable nouns follow both of these pronouns.
However the distinction between two them is in the way that they are used in our speech.
Some is as a principle, used in positive sentences, on the other hand, any is just used in
interrogative and negative sentences. For instance:

1) I have got some English books

Mnim bir ne ngilis dili kitablarm var.

2) Have you got any English books?

Snin he ngilis dili kitablarn varm?

3) I have not got any English books

Mnim he ngilis dili kitablarm yoxdur.

Note: There is used any in conditional sentences. For instance, in this kind of sentences: - If
you have got any English books, show them to me, please. Ingilis dilind birc dn d
olsun kitabn varsa, zhmt olmasa mn gstr.

When the pronouns some and any are used with uncountable nouns, they mean
indefinite quantity and are followed by a singular noun. For instance: - Go to the shop and
buy some butter and cheese.. Maazaya get v biraz ya, biraz da pendir al.. Have you got
any bread? He ryin varm?.. Now run and get some candy.. Qa biraz irniyyat al..
Beside the general features which belong to the indefinite pronouns some and any, there
are also some special cases to differentiate them. These pronouns are shown below:

The indefinite pronoun some can be used in proper and general questions which are offered
and possessing request and suggestion features.

- Has she got some juice ?

- Onun meyv suyu var ?

- Does she wish some milk ?

- O biraz sd istyirmi ?

- Where can I get some water ?

- Biraz su haradan ld ed bilrm ?

- Would you like some coffee ?

- Biraz qhv istrdinizmi ?

Indefinite article any sometimes can be used in positive sentences.In this case,it means hr
bir ,for example:

- You may come at any time you like

- Istdiyin vaxt gl bilrsn.

- One can find this book now at any bookshop

- Bu kitab istniln kitab maazasndan tapmaq olar.

ndefinite pronoun some can be used in the meaning of bzi in some contexts as a
definite pronoun, for instance: Some people like gossiping Bzi adamlar qeybt etmyi
sevirlr.

ndefinite pronoun some is used in the meaning of bir hiss (si) with using uncountable
nouns.

- Some of the cheese was spoiled.

- Pendirin bir hisssi xarab olmudu.
- Some of the bread are dry.

- ryin bir hisssi qurudur.

ndefinite pronouns some and any can be used both as a noun and as an adjective. As a
noun, they are used in the sentence in the place of a subject and an object,neverthelessas an
adjective they are used in the place of an attribute.For instance:

- Some considered that he is a kind man.

- Bzilri hesab edir ki, o,mrhmtli insandr.

- Give me a dictionary, please, I have not got any.

- Zhmt olmasa, mn bir lt ver, mnim he bir dn d ltim yoxdu.

- will tell you someday, I have not really got any plans

- Bir gn sn deycm, mnim hqiqtn he bir planm yoxdur.

As it has mentioned, somebody( kims),someone(bir ks), something(n is), anybody(hr

kim), anything(bir ey), anyone(kim is), are indefinite pronouns. Moreover out of these
pronouns, somebody,someone,anybody,anyone are used so as to indicate a person and they
have two case forms :

1) General case form: (kims (somebody), hr kim (anybody),kim is (anyone) v.s)

2) Possessive case form: (kimsnin(somebodys), hr kimin(anybodys), kim
isnin(anyones))

On the other hand, the pronouns something and anything are used to indicate inanimate
objects. They barely have general case form. The features which have been mentioned above
about indefinite pronouns approximately belong to the compound indefinite pronouns that
were made from each of them. It means that like a pronoun bzi the pronouns kims, bir
ks,ns are as a principle, used in positive sentences. Otherwise like the pronoun any
means hr ,istniln, the pronouns bir ks (anybody), hr kim (anyone), ns (anything) are
used in interrogative and negative sentences. n general case, they are used to substitute a
noun, but in possessive case are used to substitute an adjective.As a noun, they are acted as a
subject and also as an adjective, they are performed in the role of an attribute :
1) Somebody knocked at the door. There is something else I noticed in your speech.
Kim is qapn dyd.Snin dannda baqa bir ey sezdim.
2) did not know anything about beauty.
Mn gzllik barsind he bir ey bilmirdim.

Like a noun,there is used a preposition in front of these words. In that case indefinite
pronouns substitute the function of an object used with preposition, for instance :

- Spend your money on something sensible, lad

- Olan, pulunu daha dyrli eylr xrcl.
Here the expression on something is an object with a preposition that is substituted by an
indefinite pronoun. The pronouns somebody, anybody, something, anything, as a principle are
converted in Azerbaijani language as kims, bir ks, ns (n is), bir ey. For instance :
Somebody is standing at the door kims ( kim is) qapnn aznda dayanb.
- s there anybody in the class ? - Sinifd bir ks varm ?
- There is something on the table ,-Stolun stund ns (n is) var.
- Was there anything in the bag ? -antada bir ey varm ?
In negative sentences, anybody and anyone are translated into Azerbaijani language as he
kim (he ks), however anything is translated via he bir ey,he n negative pronouns.
There was not anybody (anyone) in the bus Avtobusda he kim yox idi
There was not anything in the box - Qutuda he bir ey (he n) yox idi.
To conclude, some and any are the main parts of sentences which express quantity of things.
They are used when the speaker can not specify or does not need to specify an exact amount.