1.

0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, we would like to thank to Allah, The Most Holy, The Creator, for all His
guidance and blessings throughout the learning process. We would like to express our deep
gratitude to our lecturer Madam Laila binti Mohammad Kamaruddin for the continuous guidance
and support throughout this report. Without her help, finishing this report would be impossible.

This report was about the new product development that will been invented to the market.
This new product development report was about the new intervention that will solve the current
issues that have been determined in the previous case study. Other than that, through this report it
will explain the details information of the product and process of the development of this new
product and its function of this new interventions.

Last but not least, we would like to thank our family and friends for their endless support,
love and encouragement throughout complete of this report. All of the experience and lessons
obtained shall not be wasted and hopefully, which will lead us to a better future as an Engineer.
In Shaa Allah.

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2.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Largest electricity utility in Malaysia, Tenaga Nasional Berhad or also known as TNB
was chosen for this case study because this company runs a business in supplying electricity to
9,2 million consumers in Malaysia. Main way to generate electricity is either from renewable and
non-renewable source. It becomes problem if the non-renewable are used up in order to generate
electricity. This problem raises require new technology solutions. A case study have been done
to analyze the problem faced and how to solve the problems by innovation and critical thinking
to invent new technology can be used by consumer for an easy access of electricity. This is why
TNB was chosen for the case study related to the course ENT600.

The purpose of this report is to briefly describe about the new product development of the
problem state in the case study before. New product developments have been made after the
recommendation and suggestion from the previous report in order to introduce the new
technology to solve the problem raise from the existing technology nowadays. This report will
record the details and all information needed to know about the new technology in generates
electricity as the new product development.

At the end of this report, conclusion been made to summarize all the findings and
discussion of some issues regarding the knowledge about the existing technology used to
generate electricity, process obtaining the information, and knowledge about the new technology
used in order to generate electricity which is using magnet. We also will learn about
entrepreneurial technology and gain understanding about technology business entrepreneurship.

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3.0 INTRODUCTION

Technology has driven world to growing up with new technology product to make an
easy way of life in every aspect. Problem happens in the existing technology is the main idea to
make the entire product with new technology. Electricity that generated nowadays comes from
many different energy sources. Some of the sources are renewable and others are non-renewable.
The non-renewable product will be diminished forever once these natural sources are used up.
Burning limited fossil fuel resources such as oil, gas and coal will have huge consequences to the
environment. We all used fossil fuel in our daily life, thus wasting it for generate electricity need
to be avoided to save up the resources for other purpose.

Using renewable resources to generate electricity such as solar energy, wind, geothermal
energy, biomass and hydropower eventually will generate less pollution. But using renewable
resources have their own limitation such as using solar energy, solar panel cant be used in the
night due to doesnt have access to sunlight, although the energy can be stored from the energy
generate during daylight, it may not enough for large purpose such as for power plant. This
situation will lead to production stop and may cause failure of equipment if the electricity to the
power plant. Hydropower generated electricity also will cause harm to ecosystem in the process
to build dam. Dam will lead to reducing free-flowing river. These kinds of problems situation
have gave us the idea to innovate on how to generate electricity to be more ecofriendly and can
be access all the time. The problem situation above can be shown below:

Figure 3.1 : A lot of Solar panel

Figure 3.2: Free river reduced due
needed in power plant to ensure
to build of dam
can supply enough energy

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 Based on the above problem situation, we have come out with the methodology process
in order to obtain the data collection as shown in the listed below:

Who? We have targets our consumer among:

1. Businessman
Who is the target consumer? 2. Family
3. Traveler

We have selected to commercialize our product

Where?
in:
Where is the target place to
1. Industrial place
commercialize our product?
2. Rural area

Our product will be built when:

When?
1. The material is prepared
When will the product will be 2. All the component needed prepared
built?

How? We will volunteer test our product to a rural area

that doesnt receive electricity, after the project
How do we commercialize
succeed, we will built a portfolio to give to
our product?
company who have interest in our product.
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 However, there are some limitations that we are faced in order to making this new
innovative product. Some of the limitations are economic downturn. The availability of the parts
like propeller and magnet with lower price is quite difficult. The realistic of our product that
emerge with customer expectations also one of the limitations to make this product. Therefore,
we have analyze the limitations by using the Consumer Trend Canvas (CTC) and SWOT
analysis in order to minimize the limitations, thus solve the problem to commercialize our
product.

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4.0 NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

4.1 Definition

New Product Development is defined as a complete process of introducing a new product

that includes the conceptualization, design, development and marketing plan creation and
evaluation and commercialization before the product can be introduced to the market. Various
issues which are related to a new product such as how to develop a new product, how to launch
it, how to manage it, why it fails and what precautions should be taken to reduce failure rate are
needed to be taken into account to ensure the success of a new product in the market. New
product development must be done to develop a product to compete with a particular product or
may to improve an already established product. New product development is essential to any
business that must keep up with market trends and changes with strategic planning steps. Power
Magnet is a new product which provide a new way to generate electricity by customers. It needs
to compete with another product which is already available in the market.

4.2 Classification of New Product Development

One of the most convenient part to introduce a product to the market is New Product
Development. It is important for survival of the organization, retain more customers and also to
generate more profits. Customers must know classification of New Products before introducing it
to the market. Generally new product can be broadly classified into two groups which is new
products arising out of technological innovations and new products arising out of marketing
oriented modifications. According to Scofield, one of the most recognised methods for
Classification of New Products is based on 6 stages of Booz Allen and Hamilton Classification
Scheme for New Products (1982).

1. New to the world products

- These products are absolutely new to the world and will create their own market

2. Significant improvements
- These products are not a major invention but carry significant improvements over
their existing products. It offers superior performance thus replace existing products
-

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 3. Improvements and revisions to existing products
-these products are modifications of existing products.

4. Products new to company

- these products are new to the company but not to market

5. Repositioning

- these products are existing products, but targeted at new segment or new markets
for the reason like increasing market share and fighting local brand.

6. Cost Reduction

- These products are functionally similar to the existing product but launched at a
reduced price.

In this case, the classification of Power Magnet is improvements and revisions to existing
products. Power magnet is one of the invention from solar panel to generate electricity at
customers facilities with a magnetic field energy which is a renewable source energy.

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4.3 New Product Development Process

In this topic, the new product development process will relate to the entrepreneur
technology which is consist of research and development, product design/features, concept
testing, prototype and test marketing.

4.3.1 Research & Development

At the initial stages of research and development, the idea comes from with
brainstorming, mind mapping, SCAMPER or lateral thinking to produce the new product or
modify existing product to make the improvement and satisfy market.

For the first steps in this process, it is done by brainstorming among the team members to
be discussed the problems and stimulate the generation of new ideas. Based on Alex F. Osborn
who is introduce brainstorming method in 1939 stated that there are two principles of
brainstorming which is to established with intention to stimulate idea generation and increase
overall creativity of the group. From the statement, we applied it to generate the new idea of our
product by making a new innovative way from existing product based on generating the
electricity. Besides, we also found the new feature and safety purpose of the product to make it
more attractive and safety to use. From the existing product, there are use many resources to
generate the electricity such as solar, biomass, coal, hydro, or wind energy but not use the
magnetic energy which is renewable resources, easy to find and green energy. From this idea, we
are maintaining the principle of generating electricity but by using magnetic energy. In designing
the concept, we are using impeller likes computer fan by adding dynamo and some electronic
devices to help the electricity generate. Some of innovative idea which stated during our
brainstorming process is we are adding cover of our product due to safety and feature purpose.

Next, after all aspect and consideration taken in brainstorming section, we move to next
steps which is by using mind mapping. This process can make us to get more detail of our ideas
to thinks in all aspect includes design structure, feature, manufacturing cost and the problems.
Mind mapping also gives a visual representation that divided into several sections that make us
easy to list the information in detail. Based in Tony Buzan who is introduce mind mapping
makes the major ideas will be connected directly to the central concept and other ideas branch
out from those give us to list out all of the information needed in arrange order.

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 Mind mapping that created from brainstorming section after all the information are
collected includes design structure, feature, manufacturing cost and the problems as shown
below:

Durability

Design Structure Shape

Material

Voltage controller
Power Magnet

Features Portable

Cooling system

Material cost
Manufacturing
cost Manufacturing
cost
High temperature
condition
Magnetic effect to
Problems
surrounding
limitation kipas
berusing

In addition, the idea generation was discovered and have been discussed in detail for
making the product to meet and satisfy markets needs. After all of the information of the idea
have been determined, we need to choose the best and suitable information for matching the
product. Hence, the ideal screening will be takes place by using SCAMPER method to obtain the
best solution of our product. Based on S-C-A-M-P-E-R method, we are using S is for substitute
the resources of generating electricity by using magnetic field energy, C is for combine all the
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features to a device to be multifunction use, A is for adjust the problem by solving electrical
issue in rural area, and M for modify the power magnet function from supply electricity to act as
cooling system.

Another step to choose the best information that collected is by refer to the morphological
chart which is our product will be compared to the existing product. This is to ensure that our
product will be outstanding to other product. The morphological chart as shown below:

Factor
Contribution

Solar energy Hydro energy Natural gas resources

Types of energy Renewable Renewable Non-renewable

Limitation Night time Dry season Supply is not sufficient
Size of structure Small to medium Large Large
Construction Moderate Expensive Expensive
cost
Table 4.1: Morphological chart for each product

From the morphological chart, the analysis can be obtained by doing comparison between
existing product and our product. From the comparison, there are many weaknesses that have on
existing product such as weather dependent, large size on site and too expensive. So this is the
opportunities for us to find a way that can be solve to these problems. Normally, the product
must be satisfy the market demand and customer needs. So, we are using market survey by using
google form to collect the responds from the people. The website that we are using as follows
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfbZA5El8Dx3DsB5gB5TY4LtWd3ExtJRgUAOtD
ZHP8d1UWWuQ/viewform?usp=sf_link:

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Figure 4.1: The survey form for market survey

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4.3.2 Product Design / Features

Nowadays, many electricity can be supply in many ways such as in direct current,
portable form likes power bank and wireless. It is also very important to be in various of size to
fulfill market demand and to satisfy customers need. For the product design, we have been
considered many criteria that should be adds on to satisfy the market needs such as dimension,
physical design, features and safety design

Power magnet product will be in various of size from small to the big. Small size refers to
the portable unit which is can bring to anywhere easily, put into the pocket or bag, and light
weight as it is in small unit. The dimension is 19cm x 10.5cm x 2cm same as computer cooling
fan. Medium size can be referred as for household unit like blower or air conditional condenser
size. The dimension is 67cm x 54cm x 3cm same as air conditioner condenser. Lastly, for the big
size, it is suitable for use in plant or industry as it can be supply in high voltage. The dimension
is 100cm x 67cm x 3cm and might be larger depends on the voltage that customers needed.

Design of the product is rectangular shape exactly like computer cooling fan. Based on
the figure 4.2 the propeller is located at the center surrounded by the magnet that attached to the
body. Another magnet also located at the end of each blade to help the propeller rotate when
magnet on the body push to the magnet on the blade. Basically, the propeller is made by carbon
material due to the light weight and durability. Then, the propeller will be attached to the
dynamo and connected to the transformer to generate electricity. By using aluminum material as
the cover of the device, it will increase the durability and strength. Front cover also can be open
and close for maintaining purpose. To meet customers satisfaction, the cover will be isolated by
the rubber at the outer surface to make it simple and attractive design.

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 Figure 4.2: Schematic diagram power magnet

Feature of this product is it can be cooling system also as the propeller will draw the wind
when its rotate. This feature suitable for small or portable unit so that when customer doing
outdoor activity, they can charge their electronic device and have a fan for comfort purpose.
When this feature applies to the household, it can be use as exhaust fan to push the air inside to
outside. This can make the ventilation process inside the house become better. In industry, there
are many heat exchangers that used to reduce the heat of the system. This process occurs inside
the radiator which is have shell and tube inside. So, this feature can be attached to the radiator
and apply it as external cooling to make heat exchanger become more efficient. Some of the
devices have specific voltage that can be supply to operate so, the voltage controller also as the
feature to prevent the devices breakdown.

For safety design, the body component need to be cover with the aluminum. This purpose
is to isolate the magnet energy to attract another metal near it. This safety design is very
important especially in industry because the parameter such as sensor or radar not affected by the
magnetic energy. Besides, it is very dangerous when some object can be suck into propeller
because it can damage another component or propeller itself. Aluminum cover also comes with
hole for the air flow and covered by wire gauge so that it can filter small particle and dust from
entering through it. This safety also can prolong the maintenance of power magnet. Besides,
transformer also connected from the dynamo to control the voltage produce. In order to control
the excessive voltage produce that created if the propeller rotates in high speed, ceramic fuse also
will be added to shut off the circuit and stopped the current flowing.

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4.3.3 Concept Testing

Concept testing is the process of using surveys to evaluate consumer acceptance of a new
product idea prior to the introduction of a product to the market. Introducing a new product or
service without first testing the market is like blindfoldedunthinkable. Many new ideas and
products are successful because their creators identified an unmet need in the market and verified
the viability of that concept.

Through correct and vigorous market research we will uncover the following vital
information:

- Demand for a product or service in the market.

- Who is the target.
- What those customers think about our product
- Which sales, advertising, display, and promotion methods are most effective.

For the concept that will be used is Monadic concept. Typically, Monadic concept is a
test simulates real life by focusing the respondent's attention upon one product. From this
method, we are going directly to the respondent by develop a prototype of the product that we
can show direct to them.

In this case, target location is at the rural area which is the best location to test our
product due the one innovative way to them to get electricity supply. When the respondent
expose to our demonstration of our product, we will collect the feedback whether our product
should be commercializing or not. At the same time, we collect the information from their
response whether the product need to be upgrade or not.

Next, we are using concept presentation to apply it at any entrepreneur exhibition by

using samples, video and poster to attract any company when approach to our product. From this
concept, respondent will expose more detail through the presentation and make them more clear
about our product. We will demonstrate and run the product to show them how it works. After
that, we also collect the information and respond from them whether the product need to be
upgrade, resize or should be commercialized or not.

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 By applying also same concept as Monadic concept, we are using Paired-Comparison
Test to differentiate existing product and our product. We will compare between solar panel and
our product to let the respondent make the best decision of choosing the best. Another existing
product will compare from the video presentation due to limitation size of the area. From that,
we also introduce the specialty of our product compare to another product.

From all of the concept that applied, we can have considered and make the best choice to
make our product based on many aspects such as size, feature, safety and customer satisfaction.

4.3.4 BUILD PROTOTYPE

The journey from concept to market is typically a long road riddled with hidden obstacles
and unforeseen turns. Building a quick prototype of a design can help smooth that path as well as
present some other benefits. The building of the concept is through the SketchUp software that
gives high definition and details about Power Magnet.

Figure 4. 3: View of the propeller that attached with magnet

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Figure 4.4: The top view of the compartment

Figure 4.5 :2D front view of the product

Figure 4.6: 3D front view of the product

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 Figure 4.7: 3D rear view the of the product

4.3.5 Test Marketing

From the market survey which we implement the survey form to the respondent that are
background from several scope area of work, we have determine our test marketing for the new
portable interactive desk.

Based on the data of the survey, we have analyzed that there are many respondents are
interested to have new way to generate electricity by magnet. There are around 76.5% of the
respondent might purchase our product once it is being commercialized. Almost 63% from the
respondent respond that they need alternative energy in their house. This respond will ensure our
product can be sold to consumer not only at the industry but also to consumer that need to use it
for small purpose. But, 77.1% from the respondent respond that they have not been exposed to
the magnetic survey, thus we need to diversify our marketing strategy to expose more about our
product to consumer. From the respond given, this is mean that our new idea on generate
electricity from magnet is highly accepted.

Our survey also has included several questions which related to magnet generate
electricity and nowadays tariff electricity in Malaysia. Respond about tariff and pricing electric
in Malaysia is high which is by 51.4%. Meanwhile, 29.4% from our respondent comes from
rural area which one of our target market. We also ask the respondent to respond about what
features can be add to our product, put barrier to prevent other metal, safety and wifi connection
to our product portable version. This is proven by the figure as shown below:

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5.0 CONCLUSION

In the conclusion, the new inventions of the idea regarding the major issues of this
magnet generate electricity are able to produce and become revolution to energy generating field
due to the new way to access electricity and its technology itself. In this new product
development report, the new inventions have been proceed with the new idea that recommend
due the major issues and problem in the case study before. The new technology implemented that
completely different in term of the system applied compare to the existing technology. In this
case study report, we are provided the information about the new technology used to generate
electricity for the product test market and its concept. The objectives of the new recommendation
to establish and develop product that will have the same purpose but the way to get the output is
different. Rather than that, the case study give the chance of the gathering information from
every aspect such as technical, marketing and organizational that available that can bring a
further development in furnishing the product.

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 It can be concluded that the objective of this case study is achieved and invent the new
product development with the completely different way to generate electricity have been
successfully.

6.0 REFERENCESS

I. Alternative Energy Sources - Solar, Wind, Geothermal, Biomass, Ocean and other energy
sources. (2017, May 08). Retrieved November 16, 2017, from https://www.conserve-
energy-future.com/alternativeenergysources.php
II. Electricity. (2017, November 08). Retrieved November 16, 2017, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity
III. Historical electricity rates. (n.d.). Retrieved November 16, 2017, from
https://www.oeb.ca/rates-and-your-bill/electricity-rates/historical-electricity-rates
IV. How electricity generators and dynamos work. (2017, March 29). Retrieved November
16, 2017, from http://www.explainthatstuff.com/generators.html
V. N. (n.d.). How do solar systems produce energy? Retrieved November 16, 2017, from
http://www.nwwindandsolar.com/solar-power-in-seattle-and-the-northwest/how-do-solar-
systems-produce-energy/
VI. (n.d.). Retrieved November 16, 2017, from
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7421506/?reload=true
VII. (n.d.). Retrieved November 16, 2017, from
http://americanhistory.si.edu/powering/generate/gnmain.htm
VIII. Says, M. M., & Says, W. (n.d.). Hydroelectric Energy Pros and Cons. Retrieved
November 16, 2017, from http://energyinformative.org/hydroelectric-energy-pros-and-
cons/
IX. Various Disadvantages of Hydropower. (2017, May 12). Retrieved November 16, 2017,
from https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/disadvantages_hydropower.php
X. Weisberg, P. B. (2017, November 05). 9 Ways to Promote a New Product or Service.
Retrieved November 16, 2017, from https://thrivehive.com/9-ways-to-promote-a-new-
product-or-service/

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7.0 APPENDICES

Figure 7.1: Pricing and tariff of electricity in Malaysia set by government Regulation

Figure 7.2: Sketch prototype of Power Magnet by using SketchUp

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