KT CU CNG NGH XY DNG

THIT K CT TRN BNG CCH S DNG

BIU TNG TC

TS. PHM PH TNH

i hc Kin trc H Ni

Tm tt: Bi bo trnh by cch xy dng h cn c kh nng chu lc tt v c do ln hn

biu tng tc nhm tr gip vic thit k v so vi ct ch nht s dng ct ai buc.
kim tra ct trn chu nn lch tm, theo TCVN
5574:2012.
T kha: Ct trn, biu tng tc.
Abstract: This paper presents the algorithm to
construct the strength interaction diagrams to
provide aids in practical design of circular column
under axial load and uniaxial bending, according to
TCVN 5574:2012.
Keywords: Circular columns, Interaction
diagram.
1 Gii thiu
Cc cu kin chu nn c tit din trn (gi
chung l ct trn trong bi bo ny) c s dng
kh ph bin trong cc cng trnh b tng ct thp.
Ngoi cc u im nh hnh dng kin trc,
cng, thun li khi ch to, th ct trn vi ai l xo
Vic tnh ton ct trn chu nn lch tm bng
cch gii trc tip cc phng trnh cn bng l
cng vic di dng v rc ri. Chnh v vy, trong
thit k thc hnh, cc php n gin ha hay cc
th tr gip thit k thng c s dng.
Mt trong cc php n gin ha c gii
thiu bi Whitney, v c trnh by li trong [1, 2].
tng ca php n gin ha ny l chia ct thp
dc b tr theo ng trn thnh hai phn bng
nhau, mt phn chu ko v mt phn chu nn,
tng t nh trng hp ct tit din vung t
thp i xng (trng hp ct thp t hai cnh
i din). Cc cng thc gn ng xc nh lc nn
gii hn ca ct trn chu nn lch tm l:
Khi vng ko b ph hoi trc (trng hp nn
lch tm ln).

1/2
0,85e 2

2 ' t mDs 0,85e
Nu 0,85D f c 0,38 0,38 (1)
D 2,5D D

Khi vng nn b ph hoi trc(trng hp nn ct thp, Ag l ton b din tch tit din,
lch tm b). m f y 0,85 fc' , f y l gii hn chy tiu chun ca
ct thp.
Xp x tit din trn bng tit din vung, c
cnh bng 0,8D, c cng thc (2). Cc tc gi trong [1,2] cng lu , cc cng
thc ca Whitney cho kt qu khng chnh xc khi

A f ' s dng ct thp c gii hn chy ln hoc khi hm
st y A f
g c
Nu (2) lng ct dc ln. Thc t, cc cng thc ny ch
3e 1 9,6 De
1,18
D p dng c mt cch hn ch, v cho trng
s 0,8 D 0,67 D s hp ct thp vng nn t gii hn chy ti trng
trong cc cng thc (1) v (2), Nu l lc nn gii
thi gii hn.
hn, l h s gim cng , (ly bng 0,75 cho
ct ai l xo, 0,7 cho ct ai buc), D l ng knh Cch n gin ha c p dng rng ri nht
tit din, Ds l ng knh hnh trn i qua trng l s dng h biu tng tc tr gip thit k.
tm ct thp, f c' l cng nn c trng ca b Cc th lp sn th hin quan h tng tc gia
tng (mu tr), e l lch tm, tnh t lc dc n lc nn gii hn Nu v m men un gii hn Muca
trng tm tit din, t Ast Ag , Ast l tng din tch
ct ni chung v ct trn ni ring c cho sn

32 Tp ch KHCN Xy dng s 3/2017

KT CU CNG NGH XY DNG
trong cc sch gio khoa [1,2,3], cng nh trong
cc tiu chun thit k kt cu b tng ct thp [4].
Mc 2 trong bi bo ny trnh by cch lp h biu
tng tc cho tit din ct trn, theo TCVN
5574:2012 [5]. Mc 3 trnh by mt v d tnh ton
thm tra tnh ng n ca biu .
2. Xy dng biu tng tc cho ct trn theo
TCVN 5574:2012
2.1 Mt s gi thit
Hnh 1. Khi ng sut nn hnh ch nht tng ng trong tit din
Khi trong tit din c t su thanh ct dc tr
ln, th c th coi gn ng ct dc c b tr lin
tc, nh mt ci vng kn tng ng, hnh 2.
Hnh 2. Gi thit ct thp phn b lin tc
trong tit din trn
2.2 Biu tng tc cho ct trn theo TCVN
5574:2012
Biu tng tc l ng cong cha cc cp
ni lc gii hn Nu-Mu ca mt tit din cho trc,
chu nn dc trc vi lch tm t khng (nn
ng tm) n v cng (un thun ty). Mi lch
tm c mt cp ni lc gii hn duy nht. Lc dc
Tp ch KHCN Xy dng s 3/2017
thnh lp cc phng trnh cn bng cho ct
trn, ngoi cc gi thit c bn ca l thuyt tnh
ton kt cu b tng theo cng ni chung, nh
cc gi thit: tit din phng ca Bernoulli, khng c
s trt ca ct thp trong b tng, b qua nh
hng ca b tng vng ko, cn cn cc gi thit
sau:
Gi thit quy i khi ng sut trong b tng
vng nn thnh khi ng sut hnh ch nht trong
cc tit din ch nht vn p dng c cho tit
din trn, hnh 1.
gii hn Nu v m men gii hn Mu c xc nh
t cc phng trnh cn bng c bn.
Vi hai gi thit nh trnh by trn y, s
ng sut v s lc cho tit din trn c th
hin nh hnh 3. Cn bng ni v ngoi lc ln
phng trc ct, v cn bng m men vi trng tm
tit din, ta c hai phng trnh c bn l:
N u Rb Ab Rsc As' Rs As* Rs As (3)
'
M u N u e0 Rb Ab zb Rsc A z Rs As z s
s sc (4)
trong , Rb l cng chu nn tnh ton ca
b tng, Rs v Rsc ln lt l cng tnh ton khi
ko v khi nn ca ct thp, Ab l din tch vng b
tng chu nn, As v As ln lt l din tch ca ct
thp vng ko v ct thp vng nn,
As* Ast As As' , e0 l lch tm ca lc dc,
k c nh hng ca un dc, zb , z sc , z s ln
lt l cnh tay n ni lc ca hp lc nn C trn
Ab, hp lc nn Cs trn As, v hp lc ko T trn As
n trng tm O ca tit din.
33
KT CU CNG NGH XY DNG

Hnh 3. S ng sut v s lc cho tit din trn chu nn lch tm

T hnh 3, din tch b tng vng nn quy i Ab, din tch ct thp vng nn As, v din tch ct thp
r2
vng ko As l: Ab 2 sin 2 ; As' Ast ; As 1 Ast vi cc gc , 1 tnh bng radian.
2
sin 2 cir '
t cir v 1 s th Ab Ag cir ; As cir Ast ; As s Ast . Phng trnh (3) v (4) c
2
vit li nh sau:
sin 2 cir
N u Rb Ag cir Rsccir Ast Rs 1 cir s Ast Rs s Ast (5)
2
sin 2 cir
M u N u e0 Rb Ag cir zb Rsc cir Ast zsc Rs s Ast zs (6)
2
Mc 6.2.2.12 trong TCVN 5574:2012 cho php tnh ton gn ng phng trnh (5) v (6) nh sau:

Rb A cir Rsc Ast cir s Rs Ast khi cir 0,15 (a)

Nu (7)
Rb A cir Rsc 2 Rs Ast cir 1 Rs Ast khi cir 0,15 (b)
r sin cir
M u N u e0 Rb A Rsc Ast rs Rs Ast s z s (8)
2
trong : r l bn knh tit din trn, rs = r-a, a l khong cch t mp tit din n trng tm ct thp,
1 ly bng 1,0 vi thp c thm chy, v bng 1,1 vi thp khng c thm chy, v
2 1 1,5 6 Rs 104 (9)
s 1 2 cir (10)
zs 0, 2 1,3cir rs 0,2 1,3cir r a (11)
zs tnh theo (11) khng c ln hn rs.

xy dng h th khng ph thuc vo kch thc tit din, chia 2 v ca phng trnh (7) cho Ag,
phng trnh (8) cho Agr, v Ast t Ag , ta c:

Khi cir 0,15 , thay cir 0,15 vo (10) v (11) tnh s v z s , sau thay vo (7) v (8).
Nu
Rbcir Rsc t cir 1 0,15 1,5 6 Rs 104 Rs t (12)
Ag
M u Rb a sin cir a
Rsc t 1 Rs t 1 0,15 1,5 6 Rs 104 0,395 1 (13)
Ag r 2 r r
Khi cir 0,15 :
Nu
Rbcir Rsc 2 Rs t cir 1 Rs t (14)
Ag

34 Tp ch KHCN Xy dng s 3/2017

KT CU CNG NGH XY DNG

M u Rb a sin cir a
Rsc t 1 Rs t s 0,2 1,3cir 1 (15)
Ag r 2 r r

vi s v z s c tnh theo (10) v (11). tr ct thp, khong cch t trng tm ct thp n

Cho cir bin thin trong khong [0,1], vi a
mp tit din (t s ). Cc h biu tng tc
a D
Rb , Rs , Rsc , t , cho trc, s dng cc phng bao trm cc loi vt liu: b tng B15 n B40, ct
D thp CII, CIII, CIV, hm lng ct thp dc t 0,5%
trnh (10) n (15) ta s v c biu tng tc, a
trc ng l Nu/Ag, trc ngang l Mu/Agr. Cc h n 6%, t s t 0,05 n 0,1 c cho trong
biu c xy dng khng ph thuc vo kch D
thc tit din, m ph thuc vo cng tnh [6], trong c cc h biu nh hnh 4.
ton ca vt liu, hm lng ct thp dc, cch b

Hnh 4. Biu tng tc,

tit din ct trn, B25, CIII
(hay CB400-V), a/D = 0,1

3 V d tnh ton c Rs = Rsc = 365 MPa. H s k n nh hng

ca un dc 1,08 . Gi thit a = 40 mm.
thm tra s ng n ca biu tng tc,
phn ny s trnh by mt v d, tnh ton ct thp Cc li gii:
bng cch gii cc phng trnh cn bng v bng
(a) Chi tit ca vic tnh thp bng cch gii cc
cch s dng biu tng tc c sn. Kt qu
phng trnh cn bng xem trong [7], din tch ct
tnh thp s c so snh vi nhau. 2
thp tnh ton l Ast= 3986 mm ,
Lm li th d 2 trong [7], trang 130 v 131: Tnh
(b) S dng biu tng tc.
ton ct dc cho ct siu tnh tit din trn chu nn
lch tm. Bit ng knh tit din l D = 400 mm, a 40
0,1 , vy s dng biu nh hnh 4.
chiu di tnh ton ca ct L0 = 3m. Lc nn tnh D 400
ton N = 800 kN, mmen un tnh ton l M = 176 a
(B25, CIII, 0,1 )
kNm. B tng B25 c Rb = 14,5 MPa, h s iu D
kin lm vic ca b tng b = 1, ct thp CIII M 1,08 176 106
7,57
(tng ng vi CB400-V trong TCVN 1651:2008) Ag r 2002 200

Tp ch KHCN Xy dng s 3/2017 35

KT CU CNG NGH XY DNG
N 800 103
6,37
Ag 2002
T biu hnh 4, tra c t 0, 033 ,
2 2
Ast t Ag 0,033 3,14 200 4140mm
Hai cch tnh ct thp cho kt qu xp x nhau,
nh vy biu tng tc c xy dng ng vi
cc phng trnh cn bng theo TCVN 5574:2012.
4 Kt lun
Bi bo gii thiu cch xy dng h biu
tng tc cho tit din ct trn chu nn lch tm,
theo TCVN 5574:2012 nhm tr gip thit k. Din
tch ct thp tnh theo cch s dng biu tng
tc xp x vi din tch ct thp tnh bng cch gii
phng trnh cn bng. Vic tnh ton ct thp bng
cch s dng biu c sn d v nhanh hn rt
nhiu so vi cch gii phng trnh cn bng.
Li cm n: Bi bo ny c hon thnh nh
qu h tr NCKH trng i hc kin trc H Ni,
theo hp ng s 1103/H-HKT-KH.QT.
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1] Park, R. and Paulay, T. (1975). Reinforced
Concrete Structures. A Wiley-Interscience
Publication, Canada. 0471659177.
36
[2] Warner , R.F., Rangan, B.V., Hall , A.S.,
Faulkes, K.A. (1998) Concrete Structures,
Longman Australia Pty Limited.
[3] Nilson, A. H., Darwin, D., Dolan, C. W. (2010).
Design of Concrete Structures. 14th Ed. NY:
McGraw-Hill Companies. 0073293490.
[4] ACI 340R-97. ACI Design Handbook, Design of
Structural Reinforced Concrete Elements in
Accordance with the Strength Design Method of
ACI 318-95.
[5] TCVN 5574:2012 (2012). Tiu chun thit k
kt cu b tng ct thp. NXB Xy dng, H
Ni.
[6] P. P. Tnh, L . T. T. H (2017) Thit k cu kin
c bn b tng ct thp bng th th, theo
TCVN 5574:2012. Bo co tng kt kt qu
ti nghin cu khoa hc cp trng, i hc
Kin trc H Ni.
[7] N. . Cng (2006). Tnh ton tit din ct b
tng ct thp. NXB Xy dng, H Ni.
Ngy nhn bi: 27/7/2017.
Ngy nhn bi sa ln cui: 02/11/2017.
Tp ch KHCN Xy dng s 3/2017