Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Do-nothing farming.
In Japan, Masanobu Fukuoka, a microbiologist working in soil science and plant
pathology, began to doubt the modern agricultural movement.
In 1937, he quit his job as a research scientist, returned to his family's farm in 1938,
and devoted the next 60 years to developing a radical no-till organic method for growing
grain and many other crops, now known as nature farming, 'donothing' farming or
Fukuoka farming.
Bio-fertilizers.
1. Azospirillum
2. Rhizobium
3. Azotobacter
4. Azolla
Traditional farming was the original type of agriculture, and has been practiced for
thousands of years. All traditional farming is now considered to be "organic farming"
although at the time there were no known inorganic methods.
BIODYNAMIC AGRICULTURE
In Germany, Rudolf Steiner's development, biodynamic agriculture, was probably the
first comprehensive system of what we now call organic farming. This began with a lecture
series Steiner presented at a farm in Koberwitz (Kobierzyce now in Poland) in 1924. Steiner
emphasized the farmer's role in guiding and balancing the interaction of the animals, plants
and soil. Healthy animals depended upon healthy plants (for their food), healthy plants upon
healthy soil, healthy soil upon healthy animals (for the manure). His system was based on
his philosophy of anthroposophy rather than a good understanding of science to develop his
system of farming, Steiner established an international research group called the Agricultural
Experimental Circle of Anthroposophical Farmers and Gardeners of the General
Anthroposophical Society.
IFOAM
In 1972, the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM)
was founded in Versailles, France and dedicated to the diffusion and exchange of information
on the principles and practices of organic agriculture of all schools and across national and
linguistic boundaries. In the U.S. during the 1970s and 1980s, J.I. Rodale and his Rodale
Press (now Rodale, Inc.) led the way in getting Americans to think about the side effects of
nonorganic methods, and the advantages of organic ones. The press's books offered how-to
information and advice to Americans interested in trying organic gardening and farming.
Biofertilizers:
It has been observed that there is decline in crop yield due to continuous apply of
inorganic fertilizers. Therefore, increasing need is being felt to integrate nutrient supply with
organic sources to restore the health of soil. Bio-fertilizer offers an economically attractive
and ecologically sound means of reducing external inputs and improving the quality and
quantity of internal sources. The main inputs are microorganisms, which are capable of
mobilizing nutritive elements from non-usable form to usable form through biological
process. These are less expensive, eco-friendly and sustainable.
The Biofertilizers containing biological nitrogen fixing organism are of utmost important in
agriculture in view of the following advantages: