BSMT-3C

C2 AMBROSIO
A. If only A is correct C. if both A and B are correct
B. If only B is correct D. If both A and B are incorrect
1.XLD Agar is highly selective medium for which bacteria
A. Yersinia spp. that do not grow in HEA
B. Enterobacteriaceae from GIT specimens
Answer: The answer is C. XLD Agar is highly selective medium for both Enterobactericeae
and Yersinia spp.. XLD Agar is the highly selective medium for Enterbacteriaceae and
Yersinia spp. is included in the clinically genera of Enterobacteriaceae.

2.Biochemically, the Enterobacteriaceae are gram negative rods that

A. Ferment lactose and produce indophenol oxidase
B. Ferment glucose, produce indophenol oxidase and form gas
Answer: The answer is D. Both A and B are incorrect. Enterobacteriaceae does not ferment
lactose and it is oxidase negative which means it does not produce indophenol oxidase.

C4 BALANGITAN
3. The ONPG test is most useful when differentiating
A. Salmonella from proteus vulgaris - Urease Test is used, Salmonella for positive while
Proteus Vulgaris is negative.
B. Shigella from some stains of E. Coli - E. Coli are lactose fermenter while Proteus Vulgaris
are non lactose fermenter.
The answer is letter B because E. Coli are ONPG positive, while shigella are ONPG negative
and ONPG is the best test to be used.
4. At which pH does MR test becomes positive?
A. 4.5 - pH at or below 4.5 form the fermentation of glucose.
B. 6.5 - Less acid is produced (pH is higher) from the fermemtation of glucose.

The answer is letter A because when the culture medium turns red after addition of methyl
red, it is said that the MR test becomes positive because of a pH is at 4.5 from fermentation
of glucose.

C5 CORTEZ

5. A positive Simmon Citrate Test is seen as

a. blue color in medium following 24 hours of incubation
b. green color in medium following 24 hours of incubation
The answer is A. Blue color indicates the ability of an organism to utilize citrate as the only
source of carbon in a medium containing inorganic nitrogen, which is actually the Simmon
Citrate Test principle.
6. LIA showing a purple slant and blackened butt indicates
a. Citrobacter
b. Proteus
The answer is Proteus. Blackening of butt indicates H2S production. Citrobacter is H2S
negative.

C6 DEANG
7. Putrescrine is an alkaline amine product of which bacterial enzyme?
A. Ornithine deaminase- an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
B. Ornithine decarboxylase- catalyzes the decarboxylation of ornithine.
Answer: B. Ornithine decarboxylase. The enzyme ornithine decarboxylase catalyzes the
decarboxylation of ornithine (a product of urea cycle) to form putrescine.
8. W/c genera are (+) for phenylalanine deaminase
A. Morganella- gram negative rod belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae
B. ProvIdencia- gram negative, motile bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae
Answer: C. Both. Production of green colour (Phenylpyruvic acid thus formed reacts with
ferric chloride producing a green colored compound thus turning the medium dark green).
Proteus sp., Morganella sp., Providenica sp give positive PPA test.

C7 FABROS
9. Which genera of Enterobacteriaciaea are known to cause diarrhea and are considered
enteric pathogens?
a. Citrobacter
b. Morganella
the answer is D, BOTH A AND B because they both causes diarrhea and are both enteric
pathogens.
10. Care must be taken when identifying biochemical isolates of Shigella because serological
cross rection occurs with
a. E. coli
b. Salmonella
the answer is A. E. coli, because E. coli may cross react with Shigella antisera
C8 FAMORCA
11. Which of the following tests best differentiates Shigella from E. coli?
A. Lactose and Motility
B. Indole and ONPG
answer: B. Indole and ONPG because Shigella is negative for these tests whereas E. coli
gives a positive result. A is not the answer because some lactose negative strains of E.coli
(the late lactose fermenters) can mimic Shigella spp., (non-lactose ferementer) which makes
it difficult to differentiate the two. Motility is not also recommended because both of them
are non motile.
12. Which group of test, along with colonial morphology on primary media aids most in the
rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae?
A. EMB Agar Plate, B lactamase and urease
B. Mac Conkey Agar, indole and oxidase
answer: B Mac Conkey Agar, indole and oxidase is the answer because (MAC) is a selective
and differential medium designed to isolate and differentiate enterics based on their ability to
ferment lactose. Enterobacteriaceae are indole positive. Indole test demonstrates the ability of
certain bacteria to decompose the amino acid tryptophane to indole, which accumulates in the
medium. Indole production test is important in the identification of Enterobacteria.

C9 GONZALEZ
13. E. Sazakii is best to differentiate from E. cloacea by its characteristics?
a. Yellow Pigmentation and Sorbitol fermentation
b. Urease positive
The answer is A. E. sakazakii produce yellow pigment while E. cloacae do not.

14. What is best way to differentiate L. monocytogens from streptococci?

a. H2S on tsi, Camp test
b. Catalase test, Gram stain, Motility at room temp.
The answer is A. Because Stretococci and L. monocytogenes are both catalase negative.

C10 GRAN
15. Corynebacterium species recovered from a throat culture is considered a pathogen when it
produces.
A. A pseudomembrane of the oropharynx
B. An exotoxin
Ans. The answer is A and B. Corynebacterium species found in the throat are considered part
of the normal throat flora except for Corynebacterium diphtheria, an opportunistic pathogen
which likely to exhibit these kind of conditions.

16-17 A leg culture from a nursing home patient grew gram negative rods on MacConkey
agar as pink oxidase negative colonies. Given the following results, which is the most likely
organism?
TSI = A/A VP(+) Urease(+) Indole(-)
Citrate(-) Motility(-) MR(-) H2S(-)
A. Serratia
B. Enterobacter Cloacae
C. Proteus Vulgaris
D. Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Ans. The answer is letter D, Klebsiella Pneumoniae. Both Klebsiella Pneumoniae and
Enterobacter Cloacae shows similarity in IMVC(Indole,MR,VP,Citrate) and TSI(A/A).
However, about 65% of E.cloacae are urease positive compared to the 98% of those in
K.pnemoniae. Also, E.cloacae is motile while K.pneumoniae is non-motile.

C11 IRLANDEZ
16-17 A leg culture from a nursing home patient grew GNR on MAC as pink to dark pink
oxidase negative colonies. Given the following results, what is the most likely diagnosis?
TSI= A/A
VP= Pos
Urease= pos
Citrate= neg
Motility= neg
MR= neg
Indole= neg
H2S= neg
A. S. Marcescens
TSI= A/A
VP= Pos
Urease= pos
Citrate= pos
Motility= pos
MR= neg
Indole= neg
H2S= neg
B. E. Cloacae
TSI= A/A
VP= Pos
Urease= neg
Citrate= pos
Motility= pos
MR= neg
Indole= neg
H2S= neg
C. P. Vulgaris
TSI= A/K
VP= neg
Urease= pos
Citrate= neg
Motility= pos
MR= pos
Indole= neg
H2S= pos
D. K. pneumonia
TSI= A/A
VP= Pos
Urease= pos
Citrate= neg
Motility= neg
MR= neg
Indole= neg
H2S= neg
The answer is D because it gives the same result in the question.
18-19 Four blood cultures were taken over a 24hr period from a 20 y/o woman with severe
diarrhea. Cultures grew motile (at room temp), gram negative rod. Given the following
results, what is the most likely organism?
TSI= A/A G+
Indole= pos
MR= pos
H2S= neg
PAD= neg
Urease = neg
Lysine decarboxylase= pos
A. P. Vulgaris
TSI= A/K
Indole= neg
MR= pos
H2S= pos
PAD= neg
Urease= pos
Lysine decarboxylase= neg
B. S. Typhi =
TSI= K/A
Indole= neg
MR= pos
H2S= neg
PAD= neg
Urease= neg
Lysine decarboxylase= pos
C. Y. Enterocolitica
TSI= A/A
Indole= pos
MR= pos
H2S= neg
PAD= neg
Urease= pos
Lysine decarboxylase= neg
D. E. coli
TSI= A/A G+
Indole= pos
MR= pos
H2S= neg
PAD= neg
Urease = neg
Lysine decarboxylase= pos
The answer is D because it showed the same result in the question

C12 MADLAHUDDIN
18- 19. Question: Four blood cultures were taken over a 24 hour period from a twenty year
old woman with severe diarrhea. The cultures grew motile (room temperature) gram
negativee rods. A urine specimen obtained By catheterization also showed gram negative
rods, 100,00 col/mL. Given the following results, which is the most likely organism:
TSI=A/A gas indole= + VP= neg MR=+ H2S=neg Citrate =Neg Urease=Neg Lysine= +
(++==)
Choices: A. Proteus vulgaris
B. Salmonella typhi
C. Yersinia enterolitica
D. E. Coli
Answer: D. E.Coli E.Coli ++== S typhi =+== Y enterocolitica V+== P vulgaris ++== (just
like e.coli)
C14 MUHI
20-21. A stool from 30 y/o man suffering from bloody mucoid diarrhea gav ethe following
result on differential enteric media; Macconkey &XLD agar is clear ; Hektoen Enteric Agar
is green ;SSA is small and clear.
A) TSI, MOTILITY, INDOLE, UREASE
B) TSI, MOTILITY, INDOLE LYRISE
C) TSI, IMVIC
D) TSI, INDOLE, MR, UREASE
The answer is A. Because shigella and camplylobacter cause bloody diarrhea but campy
does not grow in mcconkey.
22-23. A leg wound culture ddom hospitalized 70y/o diabetic man grew motile, lactose
negative colonies on McConkey agar. Negative in indole, methyl red, urease, phenylalanine
& ADC. Positive in VP, DNAse, CDC, gelatin hydrolysis.
A) D. Vulgaris
B) S. Marcescens
C) P. Mirabilis
D) E. Doacae
Answer is (B) it has been implicated kn numerous nosocomial infection and recognized as an
important pathogen with invasive properties.

C15 OSANO
22-23 A leg wound culture from a hospitalized 70 year old diabetic an grew motile, lactose (-
) colonies on MAC. Given the ff biochemical reactions at 24hrs, what is the most probable
organism? Neg: indole, MR, H2S, Urease, Phenylalanine & ADC POS: VP, citrate,
Dnase,ODC, LDC, gelatin hydrolysis
A. Proteus vulgaris B. Serratia marcescence
C. Proteus mirabilis D. Enterobacter cloacae
CORRECT ANSWER: D. Enterobacter cloacae - it is the most common isolate that cause
wound infection particularly burnt patients. The biochem results: positive in indole, MR,
H2S, Urease, phenyalanine and ADC. negative in VP, citrate, Dnase, ODC, LDC, gelatin
hydrolysis
Incorrect ans: A. Proteus vulgaris - biochem results are imvic ( ++--), H2S (+), urease ( +),
phenyalanine (+), citrate (+), ODC & LDC (-), Gelatin hydrolysis (+) B. Serratia
marcescence - imvic ( -v++) , hs2(-), citrate (-), LDC and ODC (+), gelatin hydrolysis ( +) C.
Proteus mirabilis - imvic ( -+vv) , citrate (-), ODC (+) LDC (-), Gelatin hydrolysis ( +), h2s (
+), urease ( +)
24-25. Three blood cultures taken from a 3 y/o cancer patient receiving chemotherapy and
admitted with UTI grew lactose (-), motile gram negative rods prior to antibiotic therapy.
Which is most like organism? Imvic: ++-- Urease, gelatin, hydrolysis and DNAse (+) H2S
and phenylalanine, deaminase (+) ODC (-)
a. P. vulgaris c. P. mirabilis
b. S. marcescens d. Enterobacter cloacae
Answer: A. P. vulgaris, indole+ and catalase-positive, hydrogen sulfide-producing, also an
extremely motile organism. Gram-negative bacterium that inhabits the intestinal tracts of
humans

C16 RAMOS
24-25. 3 blood cultures taken from a 3 y/o cancer patient receiving chemotherapy and
admitted with UTI grew lactose (-), motile gram negative rods prior to antibiotic therapy.
Which is most like organism? Imvic: ++-- Urease, gelatin, hydrolysis and DNAse (+) H2S
and phenylalanine, deaminase (+) ODC (-)
a. P. vulgaris
c. P. mirabilis
b. S. marcescens
d. Enterobacter cloacae
Answer: (a. P. vulgaris) rod-shaped, nitrate-reducing, indole+ and catalase-positive,
hydrogen sulfide-producing, also an extremely motile organism. Gram-negative bacterium
that inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals.
26-27. Mycobacteria isolated from the water system of the hospital grew at 42C. Colonies
on LJ Medium were not pigmented after exposure to light and were negative for Niacin
accumulation and nitrate reduction. The most likely identification is
a. M. xenopi
c. M. ulcerans
b. M. marinum
d. M. haemophilum
Answer: (a. M. xenopi) M xenopi, a slow-growing, nontuberculous mycobacterium, is often
considered to be a saprophyte or an environmental contaminant. It grows optimally at 45C
(113F) and has been found, occasionally in large numbers, in hospital hot water supplies at
the outlet valves of water heaters.M xenopi colonization occurs from ingestion or inhalation
of, or cutaneous exposure to, organisms in water, soil, or airborne particles.

C17 RUBIO
26-27. A mycobacterium isolated from the hot water system of hospital grew at 42 degrees
celsius. Colonies in Lowenstein Jensen medium were not pigmented after exposure to light
and were negative for niacin accumulation and nitrate reduction. The most like identification
is:
A. M. xenopi
B. M. marinum
C. M. ulcerans
D. M. haemophilum
The answer is letter A, Mycobacterium xenopi, because it grows optimally at 45 degrees
celsius and has been found occasionally in large number in hospital hot wayer supplies at the
outlet valves of water heaters. Lowenstein Jensen medium and Niacin Accumulation gives
negative result to M. xenopi because the two test is use for the identification of M.
tuberculosis while nitrate reduction test also give negative result to M. xenopi because it is
use to differentiate M. tuberculosis from M. avium
28-29. A mycobacterium species recovered from a patient with AIDS gabe the following
results: Negative: Niacin, nitrate reduction and tween 80 hydrolysis Positive: Heat stable
catalase, T2H Non-photochromagen
A. M. kansasii
B. M. bovis
C. M. tuberculosis
D. None of these
The answer is letter D, none of these, because M. kansasii is causing lung disease, M. bovis
causes bovine tuberculosis and M. tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in human. The suspected
organism is M. avium because it is isolated from HIV or AIDS patient, non-
photochromogenic, negative in Niacin, Nitrate reduction test and tween 80 hydrolysis.

C18 SANGIL
28-29. A mycobacterium species recovered from a patient with AIDS and showed the
following results: (-) Niacin, Nitrate reduction, Tween 80 (+) Heat stable catalase T2H
A. M. kansasii
B. M. bovis
C. M. tuberculosis
D. None of the above
A. M. kansasii Niacin - Nitrate + Tween 80 + Heat stable catalase t2H + B. M. bovis Niacin
- Nitrate - Tween 80 + Heat stable catalase weakly pos C. M. tuberculosis Niacin + Nitrate +
Tween 80 + Heat stable catalase T2H - D. None of the above
 Answer: D, none of the above. None of them showed the same results as to the mentioned in
the choices.
30-31. A culture of finger wound specimen from meat packer produce a gram positive bacilli
on BAP and showed the following results: No hemolysis within 48 hours (-) Catalase and
Motility (+) H2S production Choices:
A. Bacillus cereus B. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae
C. Bacillus subtilis D. Listeria Monocytogenes
A. Bacillus cereus No hemolysis within 48 hours (beta hemolysis) Catalase + Motility + H2S
- B. Erysipelothrix Rheusiopathiae No hemolysis within 48 hours (alpha hemolytic) Catalase
- Motility - H2S + C. Bacillus subtilis No hemolysis within 48 hours (beta hemolytic)
Catalase + Motility + H2S - D. Listeria monocytogenes No hemolysis within 48 hours (beta
hemolytic) Catalase + Motility+ H2S
Answer: B, Erysipelothrix Rheusiopathiae because it showed the same results mentioned in
the questioned.

C19 SARONG
30-31. A culture of finger wound specimen from meat packer produce a gram positive bacilli
on BAP and showed the following results: No hemolysis within 48 hours (-) Catalase and
Motility (+) H2S production Choices:
A. Bacillus cereus
B. Erysipelothrix rheusiopathiae
C. Bacillus subtilis
D. Listeria Monocytogenes
A. Bacillus cereus No hemolysis within 48 hours (beta hemolysis) Catalase + Motility + H2S

B. Erysipelothrix Rheusiopathiae No hemolysis within 48 hours (alpha hemolytic) Catalase -

Motility - H2S +
C. Bacillus subtilis No hemolysis within 48 hours (beta hemolytic) Catalase + Motility + H2S

D. Listeria monocytogenes No hemolysis within 48 hours (beta hemolytic) Catalase +

Motility+ H2S
Answer: B, Erysipelothrix Rheusiopathiae because it showed the same results mentioned in
the questioned.
32-33. A burn patient develops a wound infection which is cultured and sent to the laboratory
for identification. Pink colonies are found on MAC and abundant gray colonies are observed
on BAP.
The ff results are:
TSI : A/AG H2S (-) MOTILITY (+)
LDC and UREASE (-) ODC/ADC (+)
IMVIC -,-,+,+
A. E. COLI
B. K. PNEUMONIAE
C. E. CLOACAE
D. E. AEROGENES
Answer : C. E.cloacae A/AG H2S(-) LDC & UREASE (-) IMVIC -,-,+,+ MOTILE .
ODC/ADH (+)

C20 TORRES
32-33.) A burn patient develops a wound infection which is cultured and sent to the
laboratory for identification. Pink colonies are found on MAC and abundant gray colonies are
observed on BAP.
The ff results are:
TSI : A/AG H2S (-) MOTILITY (+)
LDC and UREASE (-) ODC/ADC (+)
IMVIC -,-,+,+

A. E. COLI
B. K. PNEUMONIAE
C. E. CLOACAE
D. E. AEROGENES
Answer : C. E.cloacae A/AG H2S(-) LDC & UREASE (-) IMVIC -,-,+,+ MOTILE .
ODC/ADH (+)

34-35.) Salmonella has been isolated as the same of contamination in an outbreak of

gastroenteritis associated with eggs which of the ff reaction is correct for this group?
H2S UREASE MOTILITY ONPG LDC
A + - - + -
B + - + - +
C - + + + +
D + - - - -
Answer: B. All NLF produce H2S except S. Paratyphi A , Urease (-) LDC (+) and All
Salmonella spp is Motile. All NLF is ONPG negative. Only S. Typhimurium consider as
agent of gastroenteritis.

C21 BERNARDO

34-35 Salmonella has been isolated as the source of contamination in an outbreak of

gastroenteritis associated with eggs which of the following reaction is correct for this group?

H2S UREASE MOTILITY ONPG LDC

A + - - + -
B + - + - +
C - + + + +
D + - - - -
Answer: A

H2S UREASE MOTILITY ONPG LDC

A + - - + -

Contamination occurs from animal feces, and infected foods usually look and smell normal.

The source is usually of animal origin, such as beef, poultry, unpasteurised milk or eggs;
however, all food, including vegetables, may be contaminated if it has been washed in
contaminated water or been in contact with faeces from infected animals.

Organisms multiply rapidly in warm humid conditions and cross-contamination between

surfaces and tools used in cooked and infected uncooked food areas is a potential source.

Infection with Salmonella spp. can also be spread by the faeco-oral route if a carrier does not
wash hands after using the toilet.

36. Which of the following organism is often confused w/ salmonella spp. biochemically on
plated media.

A. C. Dysenteriae
B. F. Cloacae
C. E. Coli
D. C. FreundiI
Answer: D. Citrobacter Freundii

.
Specie: Citrobacter Freundii
- Morphologically resembles E.coli
-Biochemically similar to Salmonella

C22 MAGCALAYO
37. Which single test best separates k. oxytoca from k. pneumoniae?
A. urease
B. sucrose
C. citrate
D. indole
The answer is D. indole, because Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca, are
differentiated by the ability to produce indole from tryptophan, K. oxytoca being indole
positive and K. pneumoniae being indole negative.
38. Direct spread of pneumonic plague disease occurs by which route?
A. fecal-oral
B. ingestion of contaminated tissue
C. rat bite
D. inhalation of contaminated airborne droplets
The answer is D. inhalation of contaminated airborne droplets, It result from breathing
in airborne droplets from another person or cat infected with pneumonic plague. Pneumonic
plague is a severe lung infection caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. Symptoms
include fever, headache, shortness of breath, chest pain, and cough. They typically start
about three to seven days after exposure.

C23 MUNOZ
39. What is the most appropriate non-selective medium for the recovery of mycobacterium
from heavily contaminating organism?
A. LJ
B. Middlebrook 7H10
C. Petragnani's
D. ATS Medium
The answer is letter C. Petragnanni's because it has the advantage of inhibiting heavy
contaminants.
40. Which statement correctly describes the antigens of enterobacteriaceae?
A. O Ag is meat labite B. O Ag is located on the cell wall
C. Vi Ag is an example of a flagellar Ag D. K Ag is also known as Somatic Ag
The answer is letter B. Because O antigen is the somatic, H antigen is the flagellar Antigen
and K antigen is for Capsule.

C24 OPERARIO

41. Pili antigens is associated with

A. S. Aureus - capsule B. S. Pyogenes - capsule
C. S. Pneumonia - capsule D. N. Gonorrhoeae - pili
Answer: D. N.Gonorrhoea Because they have pili to attach to the epithelial cell and use
them for twitching motility (allows the movement of colony across the cell surface)

42. Which of the following organisms is DNase positive?

A. N. Lactamica - produces acid from glucose , lactose , maltose B. N. Sicca - produces acid
from glucose, maltose, sucrose, fructose
C. N. Meningitidis - acid production from glucose and maltose D. N. Gonorrhoeae - acid
production from glucose
Answer: E. none of the choices Because DNase test is also used to differentiate Neisseria
spp from moraxella spp and the postive control is Moraxella spp.

C24 SONGCO
43. Which statement is incorrect for S. epidermidis
A. is Coagulase (+) - Coagulase is an enzyme produced by S. aureus that converts (soluble)
fibrinogen in plasma to (insoluble) fibrin. Hence, S. epidermidis is (-) because there is no
clumping factor.
B. (-) MSA - MSA contains a high concentration of 7.5%-10% of salt NaCl, making it
selective for gram positive bacteria S. epidermidis (and Micrococcaceae) (+) since this level
of NaCl is inhibitory to most other bacteria.
C.DNAse (-) - Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) test is used to determine the ability of an
organism to hydrolyze DNA and utilize it as a source of carbon and energy for growth. When
DNA is hydrolysed, methyl green is released turning the medium colorless around the test
organism. S. epidermidis do not degradarte DNA, making the medium remains green (-)
D. Novobiacin (S)- S. epidermidis is sensitive because it produced a zone size greater or
equal to 16 mm to novobiacin test. Novobiacin test is used to differentiate coagulase-negative
staphylococci (CONS) and presumptively identify the isolate as Staphylococcus
saprophyticus (novobiocin resistant). Answer: A and B
44. Nutritionally variant Streptococci A
A. are classified as lancefield group A- Nutrionally variant Streptococci is similar to
Viridance Streptococci, and Viridance Streptococci is a non-lancefield group Streptococci
because they do not have a group-specific antigen
 B. do not need pyridoxal for growth- Pyridoxine (B6) formed a coenzyme Pyridoxal
phosphate functions for transamination, deamination, decarboxylation and racemation of
amino acids. These compounds must be added in advance to culture media that are used to
grow these bacteria.
C. require Vitamine B12 for growth- Vitamin B12 (Cobalamine)produced conenzyme of
coupled to adenine nucleoside which functions for transfer of methyl groups which is
commonly required for lactic acid bacteria.
D. require Vitamine B6 for growth- Nutritionally variant streptococci have been
characterized in the past by their growth as satellite colonies and by their nutrient
requirements of cysteine or vitamin B6 for growth in complex media. Answer: D