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1.Find the cube root of 7 using the Bisection method. Find the answer correct
to 2 decimal places and work to 3 decimal places throughout.
Solution
We need to solve for x. Let f ( xx) 3==x73 - 7
then we need to find x where
f(x) = 0.
If x = 2, f(2) = 23 7 = 8 7 = +1
f(x) = 0 for some x value between 1
and 2.
If x = 1, f(1) = 13 7 = 1 7 = -6
The last row tells us that the root lies between 1.911 and 1.915 but is not 1.915
exactly. This means that the root must be 1.91 to 2 decimal places.
x3 + x - 1 = 0 f ( x) = x 3 + x - 1
Table
The last row shows the solution must be between 0.681 and 0.685 but does not
equal 0.685, so that to 2 decimal places,
x = 0.68.
Check:
x3 + x 1 = 0.683 + 0.68 1 = 0 -0.006, which is as required.
3.The equation x3 3x 8 = 0 has a root between 2 and 3. Find the root accurate to 2 decimal places.
We can stop now, because both estimates are the same value when rounded to 2
decimal places, which is our required level of accuracy.
The equation that gives the height, , of the h liquid in the spherical tank for the given
volume and radius is given by
f ( h ) = h 3 - 9h 2 + 3.8197 = 0
Use the bisection method of finding roots of h equations to find the height, , to which the
dipstick is wet with oil. Conduct three iterations to estimate the root of the above
equation.
Find the absolute relative approximate error at the end of each iteration and the number of
significant digits at least correct at the end of each iteration.
Solution
From the physics of the problem, the hh==20r dipstick would be wet between and , where
radius of the tank, r=
that is
0 h 2r
Let us assume 0 h 2(3)
h0 = h0,hu6 = 6
Check if the function changes sign hu
between and .
f (h ) = f ( 0 ) = ( 0 ) - 9( 0 ) + 3.8197 = 3.8197
3 2
Hence
f ( h ) f ( hu ) = f ( 0 ) f ( 6 ) = ( 3.8197)( - 104.18) 0
So there is at least one hu
root between and that is between 0 and 6.
Iteration 1
The estimate of the root is
h + hu
hm = 0 +
= 26
=2 3
f ( hm ) = f ( 3) = ( 3) - 9( 3) + 3.1897 = -50.180
3 2
f ( h ) f ( hm ) = f ( 0) f ( 3) = ( 3.1897)( - 50.180) 0
Hence the root is h
hm
bracketed between and , that is, between 0 and 3. So, the lower and upper limits of the
new bracket are
h = 0, hu = 3
At this point, the absolute relative a
approximate error cannot be calculated, as we do not have a previous approximation.
Iteration 2
The estimate of the root is
h +h
hm = 0 + 3 u
= 2
= 12.5
f ( hm ) = f (1.5) = (1.5) - 9(1.5) + 3.8197 = -13.055
3 2
Iteration 3
The estimate of the root is
h +h
hm =0 + 1.5u
= 2
= 0.275
f ( hm ) = f ( 0.75) = ( 0.75) - 9( 0.75) + 3.8197 = -0.82093
3 2
2.You are working for DOWN THE TOILET COMPANY that makes floats for ABC
commodes. The floating ball has a specific gravity of 0.6 and has a radius of 5.5 cm. You are
asked to find the depth to which the ball is submerged when floating in water.
The equation that gives the depth to which the x ball is submerged under water is given by
x 3 - 0.165 x 2 + 3.993 10 -4 = 0
Use the bisection method of x
finding roots of equations to find the depth to which the ball is submerged under water.
Conduct three iterations to estimate the root of the above equation. Find the absolute relative
approximate error at the end of each iteration, and the number of significant digits at least correct at
the end of each iteration.
Solution
From the physics of the problem, the ball xx==20R would be submerged between and,
where
R = radius of the ball,
that is
0 x 2R
0 0 x x 2
(0.11
055)
Hence,
( ) ( )
f ( x ) f ( x m ) = f ( 0.055) f ( 0.0825) = 6.655 10 -5 - 1.622 10 -4 0
x
xm
the root is bracketed between and , that is, between 0.055 and 0.0825. So the lower and
upper limit of the new bracket is
x = 0.055, xu = 0.0825
The absolute relative approximate a
error at the end of Iteration 2 is
x new - xmold
0a .0825
= m -new 0.055 100
= x 100
0=.0825
33.33%
m