CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Literature is a creative work that contains the intent and purpose of its author.

A literary work does not mean to have only ideas, theories or systems of thought, but

in a literary work contains ideas and systems of thought (Grace 1956: 6). In other

words, a literary work contains various ideas, theories and systems of thought. This

whole aspect comes from the author who has an important role in using the creative

ideas outlined in their works.

Character is an important element in literary works, especially in novels. The

character in a literary work is created by the author to convey his ideas and feelings

about something that is happening in the world. Characters have the power to dominate

the whole story in a literary work. The author can carry the character through many

problems in different situations.

Stephenie Meyer was born December 24, 1973, a young writer and producer,

better known in his Twilight, a romantic novel between vampires and humans.

Twilight novel became famous in the world and has sold over 100 million copies which

are translated into 37 languages. Meyer was born in Hartford, Connecticut. His parents

were Stepehn and Candy Morgan. He grew up in Phoenix, Arizona along with five of

his siblings: Seth, Emily, Jacob, Paul and Heidi. Attended Chaparral High School in

Scottsdale, Arizona, then went to the University of Brigham Young Univesity in

Provo, Utah where he obtained a B.A. in the English department in 1997. Meyer met

her husband Christian when he was 4 years in Arizona, and married him in 1994 when

they were both 21 years old. They then had 3 children: Gabe, Seth and Eli. Christian

Meyer was an auditor but stopped to take care of their children. Meyer said the idea of
writing a Twilight novel came to him in a dream on the night of June 2, 2003. His

dream of a human girl falling in love with a vampire but the vampire wants the blood

of the girl. Based on the dream, Meyer wrote a small note which later became Chapter

13 of the Twilight novel. Within three months he has turned the dream into a perfect

novel. Although he admitted never intend to

2 published Twilight because he wrote it for mere pleasure, but because of the

influence of his sister he then sent his writings to one of the publishers.

With the success of Twilight (2005), Meyer then wrote three sequels from the book

are: New Moon (2006), Eclipse (2007) and Breaking Dawn (2008). In the first week

of its publication, New Moon reached number five in the New York Times Best Seller

for Children's Chapter Books, and in its second week rose to the first position, which

occupied it for 11 weeks. Altogether, the book spends 50 full weeks in the rankings.

After the publication of Eclipse, the first three books of Twilight, the books spent 143

weeks in the New York Times Best Seller List. The 4th book of the Twilight series,

Breaking Dawn, was published as many as 3.7 million copies. More than 1.3 million

copies were sold on the first day alone.

Breaking Dawn presented British Book Award awards for Meyer,

competing with novel by J.K. Rowling: The tales of Beedle the Bard. The entire series

from Twilight has sold over 100 million copies worldwide in 37 languages. In 2008,

the 4th book of the Twilight series occupies the top 4 of the year-end bestseller record

at USA Today, also the best selling author of the year. which made Meyer the first

writer to achieve this success. Breaking Dawn became the last series of the Twilight

novel (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stephenie_meyer). Breaking Dawn started her story with

the wedding preparations between Bella and Edward (a 111-year-old vampire). Her

best friend, Jacob whom she hopes to become "Best Men" is not willing to attend her
marriage because Jacob still loves her. Jacob disappears until the wedding day, but at

the wedding he appears to congratulate Bella. However Jacob is angry at Bella for

realizing that Bella will be doing her "first night" with Edward while she is still human.

Jacob was forced to be removed from marriage by a herd of Sam Uley. Then came the

honeymoon. Edward brings Bella to Brazil, where Esme's island (the island Carlisle

buys for his wife Esme) is located. The day after the first night Edward realizes that

Bella has been pregnant. The fetus in Bella's womb then grows more rapidly

abnormally. Because Edward is a vampire then Edward immediately estimates that the

fetus sucks Bella's blood from within its womb. Bella's body increasingly infiltrated

accompanied by the enlargement of his womb. Edward insisted on aborting the fetus,

but Bella was over loving the baby. The baby was born after breaking some of Bella's

ribs, which was then forced by Edward to come out of the womb by ripping the belly

back with his hands and teeth. When Bella is dying, Edward injects "poison" from his

fangs into Bella's heart with the aim of speeding Bella's change into a vampire. Bella

fainted for some time, but Jacob thought Bella had died. Jacob rushes to the room

where Rosalie holds the baby (later renamed Renesmee), with the intention of

destroying the baby. But when Jacob gazes at Renesmee, Jacob puts his "sympathy"

(almost in love) to him.

Bella then realized and has fully become a vampire. Apparently Renesmee

does not stop growing. Bella worries that Renesmee will get bigger and older and then

die within 17 years. This super baby turned out to have the ability to tell the picture of

his mind's contents only by touching the face of his object. Renesmee can hunt with

Jacob at the age of just a few months (vampire of the Cullen family does not prey on

humans, but only animals). It was during this hunt that Irina spotted Bella, Jacob and

Renesmee were hunting (in the law of eternal beings - vampire - strictly forbidden to
 create vampire when he was a baby or a child, his punishment was death, the mother

of Irina the one who broke the law).

B. Formulation of the problem

Referring to the above background, the author wishes to answer the

following questions:

1. What is the character of every character in the Breaking Dawn novel?

2. How is the characterization method applied in this novel?

C. Research purposes

1. To identify, analyze and to describe the character of each character contained in

Breaking Dawn.

2. To analyze and describe the characterization in Breaking Dawn.

D. Benefits of research

In this study there are benefits that can be taken the theoretical and practical

benefits:

1. Theoretically, this research can enrich character analysis in literary studies.

2. Practically, the reader can understand that character is an important element in a

literary work, especially in a novel. The character in a literary work is created by

the author to convey his ideas and feelings about something happening in the world

and the character has the power to dominate the whole story in a literary work. The

author suggests to the reader to be able to further explore this story based on the

intrinsic elements of literature such as background, theme, plot and so on.

The similarities of this study with the above research is, the author uses the character

theory of Edgar V. Roberts (1983) to reveal the character of characters in the novel

Breaking Dawn. The difference is, the author analyzes the novel with different works.
E. Theoretical basis

This study aims to analyze the characters in the novel Breaking Dawn. For

that purpose, the authors use several theories that support this research.

In Edgar V. Roberts's Writing Themes about Literature (1964: 54), it states that the

"character" in literature is a verbal representation of humanity extensively, especially

in determining itself through thought, speech, and behavior. This theory clearly states

that dialogue, action and commentary are verbal representations of human beings in

literary works to create some interaction of the surrounding figures.

With the definition of the character, the author tries to analyze the character

of the characters in this study by using the theory of Edgar V. Roberts in the same book

says that there are four ways to analyze the characters, namely:

1. What did the character say about himself?

2. What the character does.

3. What other figures have to say about the characters being analyzed.

4. What the authors say either narrator or observer of each character's actions (1983:

56-57)

The author uses the characterization method, to analyze and describe the

characterization based on Perrine (1959: 84) that is directly and indirectly.

The author directly tells us by explaining or analyzing the character like, or any

other character in the story who tells us what the character looks like.

Indirectly the author shows the character in his actions or actions, so we can

understand the character through what he thinks, say and do.

Understanding the character according to Robert Stanton in his book, An

Introduction to Fiction (1965: 17) can refer to the person in a story or in other words

the character or story also refers to the incorporation of interests, emotions and
 moral principles that form character or with words others describe the behavior or

nature of the story (in this case the author takes a reference to a novel).

The intrinsic approach used by writers to analyze novels in character figures

in conjunction with other elements such as plots. Through the fact of a story, in this

case the characters, plots and elements in it that describe the existence of the story.

The setting of a story is the environment of its events, the immediate world in wich

they occur. The plot of a story is its entire sequence of events. We usually limit the

term, however, to include only causals linked events, that is, events that result from

events and can not be omitted without breaking the line of action.

F. Research methods

The method used in this research using descriptive method with the steps as

follows:

1. Preparation

a. Read the entire contents of the Breaking Dawn novel.

b. Read some books related to research topic as supporting data

c. Read the research related to this research in the library

2. Data collection

In collecting the data, the writer looks for the needs of this research and then

identifies it by focusing this research on the dialogues, actions and comments made

by the characters in the Breaking Dawn novel, after finding characters from the

characters then directly classifying them.

3. Data analysis

In analyzing the data, the author uses descriptive method to analyze data

through intrinsic approach. The intrinsic approach is used to analyze the novel
(Breaking Dawn) by highlighting the character in relation to other elements such as

the plot.
 CHAPTER II
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Stanton (1958: 17) in his book An Introduction to Fiction, the term "character" can

mean the individual in the story or in other words "story character" or also refers to the

combination of interests, interests, emotions and moral principles that make up the character

or in other words describes the behavior or character of the story.

A character or a character in a literary work is a general description of human

behavior that determines thoughts, words and deeds that come from within man through

dialogue, action and commentary. This is one of the definitions of Edgar V. Roberts in his book

Writing Themes about Literature. According to him, a character is a precise copy of man. This

boundary has two meanings: it refers to the character traits and behaviors as a whole pattern of

action and refers to a character in a fictitious or fictional story (Roberts 1983: 54).

To express the character or character of the characters in the novel Breaking Dawn,

the author focuses on the theory of disclosure of the character proposed by Edgar V. Roberts

in his book Writing Themes about Literature namely:

1. What did the character say about him?

2. What the character does.

3. What other figures have to say about the character being analyzed

4. What the author has to say is both narrator and observer of every action of the character

(Robert 1983: 56-57).

Therefore, the author gives an idea of the character of the characters involved in this

novel.

\
1. The Character of the Main Characters in the Breaking Dawn novel

The author analyzes the characters of the main characters below based on

the theory of Edgar V. Roberts in his book Writing Themes about Literature that

there are four ways, but to explain the character Bella Swan, the author uses two

ways that is the second and third way is: done by the character and what other

figures are saying about the figures being analyzed.

Isabella (Bella) Swan

For Bella's character, the author analyzes in the second way the theory of

character disclosure of Edgar V. Roberts is what the character does. Example:

- Closed (introverted)

Bella's prominent characteristic is his shy, unwillingness to stand out from

anyone, even when he is engaged to Edward having the freedom to show off his

fiance's fortune with a new "Mercedes guardian" car that is resistant to a missile

explosion, an Edward possession gift only owned by 3 people in the world that is

the mafia boss of heroin traffickers, one of the oil businessmen in the middle east

and himself. This is explained I No one is staring at you, I promised myself. No one

is staring at you. No one is staring at you. But, because I could not lie convincingly

even to myself, I had to check.

As I sat waiting for one of the three traffic lights in town to turn green, I

peeked to the right-in her minivan, Mrs. Weber had turned her whole torso in my

direction. Her eyes bored into mine, and I flinched back, wondering why she did

not drop her gaze or look ashamed. It was still considered rude to stare at people,

was not it? Did not that apply to

me anymore?
Then I remembered that these windows were so darkly tinted that she probably had

no idea if it was even me in here, let alone that I'd caught her looking.

I tried to take some comfort in the fact that she was not really staring at me, just the

car.

My car. Sigh.

I glanced to the left and groaned. Two pedestrians were frozen on the sidewalk,

missing their chance to cross as they stared. Behind them, Mr. Marshall was

gawking through the plate-glass window of his little souvenir shop. At least he did

not have his nose pressed up against the glass. Yet.

The light turned green and, in my hurry to escape, I stomped on the gas pedal

without thinking-the normal way I would have punched it to get my ancient Chevy

truck moving. (Meyer 2008: 1)

Edward Cullen

For Edward's character, the author analyzes in the second way the discourse

of Edgar V. Roberts's characteristic disclosure theory is what the character does.

Example

- Understanding

Edward's love for Bella makes her dark eyes when she finds out that Bella

contains the fetus Bella conceals slowly killing Bella from within her womb. This

is explained in the following sections:

He leaned away and looked me in the eye. -We're going to get that thing out before

it can hurt any part of you. Do not be scared. I will not let it hurt you. I
-That thing? I gasped.

He looked sharply away from me, toward the front door. -Dammit! I forgot

Gustavo was due today. I'll get rid of him and be right back. "He darted out of the

room.

I clutched the counter for support. My knees were wobbly.

Edward had just called my little nudger a thing. Edward had just called my little

nudger a thing. He said Carlisle would get it out.

-No, I whispered. (Meyer 2008: 72 - 73).

Jacob Blac

For Jacob's character, the writer analyzes based on Edgar V. Roberts's

characteristic disclosure theory of the second way what the character does and the

third way what other figures have to say about the character being analyzed.

Example

- Prejudice

Jacob's character is portrayed through Bella and Edward's dialogue as they

dance on their wedding day. Jacob is absent in Bella's marriage because Bella has

already decided to become a vampire with Bella's approval. Edward felt guilty

because he was the cause of this decision Bella. But Bella calms Edward by saying

that Jacob is too prejudiced by Edward's being a vampire, who is a mortal enemy

of Jacob from generation to generation since his ancestors. To explain the character

of this Jacob, the author uses the method of disclosure of character from Edgar V.

Roberts is What other figures said about the figures analyzed. This is explained in

the following dialog:

I've been so glad to see Jacob here. I knew the sacrifice it had taken him.

And then I'd ruined it, turned his gift into a disaster. I should be quarantined. But
my idiocy would not ruin anything else tonight. I would put this away, shove it in

a drawer and lock it up to deal with later. There would be plenty of time to

flagellate for this, and nothing I could do now would help.

-It's over, I said. -Let's not think of it again tonight.

I expected a quick agreement from Edward, but he was silent

-Edward?

He closed his eyes and touched his forehead to mine. Jacob is right, he

whispered.

What am I thinking?

He is not. I tried to keep my face smooth for the watching crowd of friends.

Jacob is way too prejudiced to see anything clearly.

He mumbled something low that sounded almost like should let him kill me for

even thinking . . .

Stop it, I said fiercely. I grabbed his face in my hands and waited until he

opened his eyes. You and me. Thats the only thing that matters. The only thing

youre allowed to think about now. Do you hear me?

Yes, he sighed.

Forget Jacob came. I could do that. I would do that. For me. Promise that

youll let this go. (Meyer 2008:38)

 CHAPTER III

CHARACTER ANALYSIS USING DIRECT AND INDIRECT PRESENTATION

METHOD

Dotted on the analysis of previous characters, the author can find the types of

characters in the novel Breaking Dawn. In this chapter the author analyzes characters based on

characteristic methods by concentrating on the theory put forward by Laurence Perrine in his

Story and Structure (1959) that the author can present to the reader the character of a character

in a story using direct presentation and indirect presentation methods. In direct presentation he

tells us straight out, by exposition or analysis, what a character is like, or has someone else in

the story tell us what he is like. In indirect presentation, the author show us the character in

action; we infer what it is like from what he thinks or says or does. (Perrine 1959: 84).

The presence of a character in a story is very important. That's because it is impossible

for a story to be created without any moving figures forming a storyline. In the novel Breaking

Dawn by Stephenie Meyer, many found - the figures, both the main character and supporting

figures. Here are some examples:

Isabella (Bella) Swan

-Tegar

When Jacob tries to explain to Bella that his actions to keep the baby in his womb

gnawing his life from within, saying that his body is unable to bear this burden, Bella sternly

says that he is capable. Bella's character is classified as an indirect characterization method, as

evidenced by what Bella said through her dialogue with Jacob the following:
Edward Cullen

- Attention

On the inside of Breaking Dawn's novel shows how much Edward's attention to Bella

is considered to be indirectly vulnerable to an accident, so he buys a car as powerful as a tank

for him. Edward's character belongs to the characterization method directly proved by what the

other character (Bella) has to say in the story about it:

The before car and the after car, hed explained when Id flipped out.

This was just the before car. Hed told me it was a loaner and promised that he was

returning it after the wedding. It all had made absolutely no sense to me. Until now. Ha ha.

Because I was so fragilely human, so accident-prone, so much a victim to my own dangerous

bad luck, apparently I needed a tank-resistant car to keep me safe.

Hilarious. I was sure he and his brothers had enjoyed the joke quite a bit behind my back.

Or maybe, just maybe, a small voice whispered in my head, its not a joke, silly. Maybe hes

really that worried about you. This wouldnt be the first time hes gone a little overboard trying

to protect you. I sighed. (Meyer 2008:4)

Jacob Black

- Temperamental

By the time Bella suggests to Jacob that she and Edward will be doing "the first night"

when Bella is still a human, Jacob is furious because she knows that if Bella does Bella will

die. In this anger Jacob almost hurt Bella. Jacob's character is classified as an indirect method

of characterization, evident from what Jacob did in the following dialogue

Im not putting anything off, I snapped. And yes I can have a real honeymoon! I can do

anything I want! Butt out!

He stopped our slow circling abruptly. For a moment, I wondered if hed finally noticed the

music change, and I scrambled in my head for a way to patch up our little tiff before he said
goodbye to me. We shouldnt part on this note. And then his eyes bulged wide with a strange

kind of confused horror.

-What? he gasped. What did you say?

-About what ? Jake? Whats wrong?

-What do you mean? Have a real honeymoon? While youre still human? Are you kidding?

Thats a sick joke, Bella!

I glared at him. I said butt out, Jake. This is so not your business. I shouldnt have we

shouldnt even be talking about this. Its private

His enormous hands gripped the tops of my arms, wrapping all the way around, fingers

overlapping.

Ow, Jake! Let go!

He shook me.

Bella! Have you lost your mind? You cant be that stupid! Tell me youre joking!

He shook me again. His hands, tight as tourniquets, were quivering, sending vibrations deep

into my bones.

Jakestop!

The darkness was suddenly very crowded.

Take your hands off her! Edwards voice was cold as ice, sharp as razors.

Behind Jacob, there was a low snarl from the black night, and then another, overlapping the

first.

Jake, bro, back away, I heard Seth Clearwater urge. Youre losing it.

Jacob seemed frozen as he was, his horrified eyes wide and staring.

Youll hurt her, Seth whispered. Let her go.

Now! Edward snarled.

Jacobs hands dropped to his sides, and the sudden gush of blood through my waiting veins

was almost painful. Before I could register more than that, cold hands replaced the hot ones,

and the air was suddenly whooshing past me. (Meyer 2008:36)

Charlie Swan

- Care

When Jacob ran away from his home, his father did not try to find him because he

knew that nothing could hurt a werewolf like Jacob. But Charlie who is the police chief who

also does not know it just started the search by putting posters Jacob everywhere. This caring

attitude of Charlie belongs to the characterization method is directly proved by what other

characters in the story say about it:

The HAVE YOU SEEN THIS BOY? posters were not Jacobs fathers idea. It had been

my father, Charlie, whod printed up the flyers and spread them all over town. And not just

Forks, but Port Angeles and Sequim and Hoquiam and Aberdeen and every other town in the

Olympic Peninsula. Hed made sure that all the police stations in the state of Washington had

the same flyer hanging on the wall, too. His own station had a whole corkboard dedicated to

finding Jacob. A corkboard that was mostly empty, much to his disappointment and frustration.

Jasper Hale

- Experienced

In chapter 11, when Jacob joins Sam's group to discuss the Cullen family's combat

power, Jacob (as the narrator) has alluded to this character from Jasper, since Jacob and Sam's

group have coalesced against the attacks of Victoria and his group of new vampire-vampire .

Jasper's experienced character belongs to the characterization method directly, visible from

what other characters (Jacob) say about it:

We remembered together the nights wed watched the Cullens practicing for the fight with the

newborns. Emmett Cullen was strongest, but Jasper would be the bigger problem. He moved

like a lightning strikepower and speed and death rolled into one. How many centuries

experience did he have? Enough that all the other Cullens looked to him for guidance. (Meyer

2008: 109)

Garret

-Adventurer

Garret is one of Carlisle's best friends. Carlisle called him to Forks to testify for

Renesmee. This Garret character belongs to the characterization method directly, as evidenced

by what Bella tells about it:

Garrett came first-a tall, rangy vampire with eager ruby eyes and long sandy hair he kept tied

back with a leather thong-and it was apparent that he was an adventurer. I imagined that he

would have accepted, just to test himself. . (Meyer 2008: 336)

 CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

CONCLUSIONS

Based on this research, the authors conclude:

1. From the analysis of the characters of the characters in the novel Breaking Dawn, this

study

refers to Edgar V. Roberts (1983) in his book Writing Themes about Literature with

attention to dialogue, action and commentary of the characters, can be found some traits

or characters that reflect themselves from the character -the tile contained therein. The

characters are: closed, willing to sacrifice, self-control, understanding, calm, clever,

prejudiced, upright, wise, perfectionist, courageous, cheerful, dominant, cunning,

timid, kind, wise, brave, brittle, good, caring, experienced, wary, awful, adventurous,

patriot and smart teaching.

2. Once the author finds the characters of the people

a character in the novel Breaking Dawn, the author analyzes with the characterization

method in this novel by referring to the theory of Laurence Perrine (1959) in his book

Story and Structure namely direct presentation and indirect presentation. In the novel

Beraking Dawn, the author picks up six figures analyzed by both direct and indirect

theories

presentation, namely: Bella Swan, Edward Cullen, Jacob Black, Charlie Swan, Jasper

Hale and Garret. This is because the six characters correspond to both the

characterization methods of Laurence Perrine, direct and indirect presentation.

Suggestion

Based on the discussion of character analysis in the novel Breaking Dawn, the author

can give advice to the reader that the novel is a medium of approach that gives an idea

of human behavior and life. Because character is an important element in a literary

work, especially in novels. The character in a literary work is created by the author to

convey his ideas and feelings about something happening in the world and the

character has the power to dominate the whole story in a literary work.

It is expected that what has been discussed by the authors in this thesis can make a

meaningful contribution to the readers and can be utilized well by students of English

Literature Department who are interested in the field of literature in the preparation of

their thesis later.

 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Baktes, Sitti 2002. "Character Analysis of Jim Casy in the Novel The Grapes of Wrath Karya

John Steinbeck "Thesis Faculty of Letters, University of Samratulangi.

Burhan Nurgianto. 1995. -Theory of Fictional Assessment. Yogyakarta: UGM

Lembe, B. Paula 1997. "Character Analysis in Novel Sister Carie by Teodore Draiser". Thesis

Faculty of Letters, University of Samratulangi.

Meyer Stephenie 2008, -Breaking Dawn USA: Hachette Book Group, Inc.

Muhamad, Taufan, 2005. "Character Analysis in William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night Novel".

Thesis Faculty of Letters, University of Samratulangi.

Perrine, Laurence, 1956. -Story and Structure USA. Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc.,

Roberts Edgar 1983. "Writing Themes about Literature" New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.,

Stanton, Roberts. 1965. "An Introduction to Fiction. USA: Holt, Rinehart and wiston, Inc.,

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/breakingdawn

http://www.shmoop.com/home/bestsellers/breakingdawn/characters