EDU555 CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION

WEEK 1
Curriculum & Instruction
 Curriculum
0 Curriculum is commonly defined as a plan of study

0 For example:
KSSR or Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah is a plan of
study for Malaysian Primary school for a period of 6 years.

KBSM or Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah is a

plan of study for Malaysian Secondary school for a period
of 5 years

0 B. Sc. Ed. (Honours) Chemistry/Physics/ Biology

0 The curriculum was plan for a period of 4 years of study in
order to obtain the first degree.
 Instruction
0 Refers to the process of giving instruction in a classroom
through the process of teaching and learning.

0 Instruction thus, is the process of implementing the

curriculum through the process of teaching and learning by
using various approaches, methods and technique.

0 According to Saylor (1981), instruction is the actual

engagements of learners with planned learning.

0 As such, curriculum is often associated with instruction.

 Definition of Curriculum
0 Curriculum has been defined differently by different
people according to the purposes and functions.

0 The following are some definitions of curriculum:

 Definition of Curriculum
0 a course of study Dressel

0 a plan for providing sets of learning opportunities

for persons to be educated - J. Galen Saylor et al,
1981

0 An organized set of formal education and/or

training intentions- David Pratt

0 a plan of learning Taba, 1962

 Definition of Curriculum
0 Jon Wiles and Joseph Bondi view curriculum as a
four-step plan involving
purposesdesignimplementation assessment.

0 a total instructional program composed of syllabus

or individual course programs - Bowen
 Definition of Curriculum
0 A general over-all plan of the content or specific
materials of instruction that the school should offer
the student by way of qualifying him for graduation or
certification for entrance into a professional or
vocational field - Good
 Definition of Curriculum
0 Ministry of Education, Malaysia according to Akta
Pendidikan 1996

Satu program pendidikan yang termasuk

kurikulum dan kegiatan ko-kurikulum yang
merangkumi semua pengetahuan, kemahiran,
norma, nilai, unsur kebudayaan, dan
kepercayaan untuk membantu perkembangan
seseorang murid dengan sepenuhnya dari segi
rohani, jasmani, mental dan emosi serta untuk
menyampaikan pengetahuan.
 Definition of Curriculum
0 The word Curriculum originates from the Latin
word currere which means a race course

0 As such, the most common definition of curriculum is

a course of study or a plan of study
 Definition of Curriculum
0 Based on the various definitions given, a
curriculum consists of:

A plan which is documented

Consisting of a set of objectives
A list of contents and learning experiences
Suggested method of teaching or instruction
A process of evaluation or assessment methods
 Curriculum and Instruction
0 The word curriculum is often associated with instruction,
where:

0 Curriculum refers to the plan or document.

0 Instruction refers to the methods of presenting or

implementing the curriculum content or plan.
For the purpose of instruction, curriculum can be further sub-divided as follows:

CURRICULUM A plan of study consisting of one or more course(s) or

subject(s)

A plan for a particular course or subject

SYLLABUS

SCHEME
OF A detailed outline of the syllabus, divided into weeks,
WORK sessions, or hours etc.

LESSON
PLAN A plan for a particular lesson or instruction
 Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian Schools

Plan of studies (KSSR, KBSM)

CURRICULUM Based on National Education Philosophy (NEP)
Developed by Curriculum Development Division (CDD)

Documented for the various subjects

SYLLABUS Supported with Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran (HSP)
Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for
teaching and learning

SCHEME
OF Planned according to school year and organized by
WORK weeks

LESSON Planned by teachers for each lesson by referring to the

PLAN Scheme of Work
 Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian IHL

Planned by the respective institution

CURRICULUM
Based on the Philosophy, Vision and Mission

Documented for the various subjects or course

SYLLABUS Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for
teaching and learning

SCHEME
Planned according to semester and organized by weeks
OF
14 weeks for each semester
WORK

LESSON Planned by lecturers for each lesson by referring to the

PLAN Scheme of Work
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN MALAYSIAN
SCHOOLS
MINISTRY Centralized, top-down system
OF EDUCATION Standardized curriculum prepared by CDD

PENGARAH PENDIDIKAN NEGERI

JPN Primary School
Secondary School

PEGAWAI PENDIDIKAN DAERAH

PPD Primary School
Secondary School

SCHOOL PENGETUA, GURU BESAR, GURU PENOLONG

KANAN, KETUA PANITIA
Important Departments at MoE
0 BPG Bahagian Pendidikan Guru or Teacher Education Division.
Responsible for the training of school teachers.
0 BSS Bahagian Sekolah-sekolah or Schools Division. Responsible
for the placement of teachers in schools and related services.
0 LPM Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia or Malaysian Examination
Syndicate. Responsible for centralized examination.
0 UTP Unit Teknologi Pendidikan or Educational Technology
Division. Resource center for educational technology services.
0 BBT Biro Buku Teks or Textbook Bureau. Responsible for
School Textbooks. (SPBT Skim Pinjaman Buku Teks)
0 BPPDP Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar
Pendidikan or Educational Planning and Research Division
(EPRD)
 Important Aspect in
Curriculum
0 CURRICULUM
0 A plan of study
0 Documented
0 Academic in nature

0 HIDDEN CURRICULUM
0 Moral values
0 Informal learning inside and outside the classroom
0 Unwritten/implicit
0 CO-CURRICULUM
0 Activities outside the classroom to support the
curriculum
0 Compulsory
0 Sports and games, uniform bodies, and association
0 Personal/individual development

0 EXTRA-CURRICULA ACTIVITIES/EXTRA CO-

CURRICULUM
0 Activities outside the classroom
0 Not compulsory
 Moral Value
Kindness Self-reliance Integrity Respect

Love Justice Freedom Courage

Mental &
Physical Honesty Diligence Cooperation
Cleanliness

Public
Moderation Gratitude Rationality
Spiritedness

Patriotism
ASPECTS TAUGHT ACROSS THE CURRICULUM
Drugs Prevention Education
Family Health Education
Bahasa Melayu
Moral Values Education
Integration of Science Elements
Science and Technology
Environmental Studies
Critical and Creative Thinking Skills
Parental Education
Road Safety Education
Futures Studies
Consumerism Education
Study Skills
ICT
THANK YOU