wine & dine.

interior design capstone research and development

samantha schwartz
 dedicated to

for being my support system through

mom: stressful semesters and sleepless nights

for pushing my creativity and

dad: encouraging me to go after what I love

for sparking my love of wine; without

italy: you, this book wouldnt exist
 table of contents
1. Project Introduction and Design Objectives 6. Existing Site, Context, Climate, and Zoning

2. Historiography 7. Program Development and Documentation

3. Case Studies 8. Building Analysis, Code, Regulations, and Standards

4. Qualitative and Technical Criteria 9. Project Research Summary and Conclusions

5. Topical Explorations 10. Bibliography and Appendix

 1
project introduction & design objectives
 No longer is wine saved for only special
occasions, rather wine is becoming an everyday
beverage.1 As if people need an excuse to drink
more wine, there are many health benefits that go
along with drinking a glass every day. Wine has
health benefits on all parts of the body including
the heart, mind, and even the waistline. Studies
show that drinking just one glass of wine a day will
promote a healthy lifestyle due to all the flavonoids
and antioxidants that are naturally found in wine.
Researchers from Ben-Gurion University of the
Negev in Israel found that people who drank
a glass of dry red wine every night with dinner
had much healthier cholesterol levels compared
to those who just drank a glass of water with
dinner. They found that the red wine drinkers had
significantly increased their levels of good HDL
cholesterol and had a more beneficial cholesterol
ratio compared to the group that drank water. . .
People who drank either red or white wine also
reported better sleep quality than the group that
drank water.2

IMAGE 1
 As well as health benefits, wine is
becoming the go-to drink by the younger
generations. By 2021, millennials will
replace baby boomers as the largest
fine wine consumer demographic in the
US.3 Changes in the context of wine
consumption is often attributed to the
fact that consumers are adopting wine
at a younger age and the Millennial
Generation, those consumers in their
twenties, now represents the fastest
growing demographic of wine drinkers.4
The industry has a new generation it
needs to focus its efforts on, making wine
bars a popular destination.

" The industry has a new generation it needs to focu its efforts on, making wine bars a popular destination."
IMAGE 2
 IMAGE 3

research goals and methods:

general design goals:
In order to design a wine bar that meets the
The goal of the proposed project needs of the users as well as the staff, various
is to design a wine bar that will methods of research will be conducted that
provide a unique experience for the best suit the project. Case studies will be
customer and allow them to interact visited in furtherance of better understanding
as much or as little as they want with the restaurant and bar business, and they will
the environment. The wine bar will be used to determine what is needed to run a
be a place for people of all levels of successful and efficient business. Meeting with
knowledge and passion for wine to owners and managers in the restaurants will
come and interact with one another help to communicate the design decisions made
while relaxing and unwinding. The and why each one is important, or what could
building will provide a location for potentially work better. Research will also be
wine tastings, showcase local wineries conducted through the use of books, journals,
and vineyards, and serve as a casual and through online resources. Advisors will also
wine bar and dining establishment. be utilized to answer any questions and provide
guidance throughout the process. One advisor
is a long-time restaurant and bar owner while
the other is an interior designer who specializes
in hospitality design. Both of these people will
be invaluable resources throughout the design
process.

" I love everything that is old ; old friends, old times, old manners, old books, old wines." - Oliver goldsmith
 the role of the designer:
The role of the designer is to provide
an environment that allows people
to gather and interact in a safe and
relaxing way. The designer will help
promote different types of social
interactions, from intimate settings to
large groups of people. Variety in
seating choices will be available so
the visitors can decide what type of
experience they want. The designer
will evaluate human behavior aspects
in restaurants and bring that knowledge
to the forefront of the design. Health,
safety, and welfare is the most
important role of the designer, and
making sure all the code requirements
are met will be the greatest concern.
IMAGE 4
environmental objectives:
Environmentally friendly and sustainable
actions are important when designing
any building. The site that the wine
bar will be located in is an existing
building, making this an adaptive reuse
project. Reusing existing buildings is
a way to cut down on material waste
and energy use. The designer will also
source local, reclaimed, or sustainable
materials to use in order to help keep
the project environmentally focused.
client:
The client will be a sommelier who
wants to enrich people in the wine
culture. The objective is to provide
a relaxing experience and taste of
vineyards in the middle of busy city life.
The sommelier will provide the funding
necessary to build and design the bar.
IMAGE 5
 users:
The users of the wine bar will be
both the public visitors as well as
the staff that works in it. The staff
will include the manager, waiters/
waitresses, busboys, chefs, sommeliers,
and cleaners. They will need a well-
organized layout of the space and easy
cleanability in order to work quickly and
efficiently.

socio - economic conditions:

This project is aimed toward middle/
middle-upper class people. The bar
will have a casual atmosphere, but
will draw in an upscale crowd looking
for a place rich with culture to enjoy
wine and food. Designing toward this
socio-economic group will affect the
design decisions as well as the material
and furniture choices.

IMAGE 6
 IMAGE 7

demographics:
The demographics of people
conclusion:
using the wine bar will vary in age,
gender, ethnicity, race, and religion.
Drinking wine is a social interaction
It will be aimed toward a younger
that allows people to enjoy the
generation, as they will be the
company of others and unwind
largest group of wine consumers,
from lifes stresses. Wine culture
but all ages will be able to enjoy the
dates back thousands of years, and
space. The wine bar will be located
this wine bar will capture a little
in Washington D.C. which is an
bit of that history for the public to
extremely diverse city, made up of
experience.
people of all different backgrounds,
so a large variety of people are
expected to visit the wine bar.

" Wine makes every meal an occasion, every table more elegant, every day more civilized." - andre simon
historiography
2
 historiography:
After water, wine was the most
widely consumed beverage in
ancient Greece.1 Throughout history,
all civilizations and cultures have
valued wine as a luxury. Ancient
Mesopotamians, Egyptians, Greek and
Roman empires, up to the middle ages
and modern day all have traditions and
cultures surrounding wine and what
it means to them.2 However, they all
have one thing in common. Wineries
and vineyards have not changed much
since the start of winemaking.

" wine has been around since the dawn of civilization."

IMAGE 1
 world's oldest winery:
The worlds oldest winery dates back to
4100 BC found in a town in Armenia called
Areni.3 The winery was discovered in 2007
and is said to be over 6000 years old,
proving to be the oldest that archaeologists
have found. Inside the winery the excavators
found old fermentation vats, wine presses, jars,
and cups. This shows that the same things
were used to make and store wine since the
beginning of its process. The purpose . . .
was apparent from the start, not only because
of its resemblance to wineries known from
later times but because the treading area
was littered with grape seeds and stems from
a strain of todays favored winemaking vine
species.4 The winery sits on a landscape
of rolling hills, luscious greenlands, and fertile
valleys, common for modern day vineyards.

IMAGE 2
 IMAGE 3

ancient wine bars:

Wine bars in Germany started when wine
It was wine, needless to say, that makers wanted to sell their own wine
fueled the festivities. Romans had to the locals. They encompass the
more than three hundred names for winemakers temporary serving and sale of
their wine vessels and utensils.5 his own wines along with rustic specialties
Roman dinner parties were often the from the region. These establishments,
place where wine was served. They with their homely local colour, developed
were large festivities with people into the winemakers tasting rooms and,
drinking and eating and socializing with subsequently, the shop and display area.7
one another. To store wine at home, This further developed into a business that
Romans invented the cella vinaria, or hotel and restaurant owners wanted to be
wine cellar. They then started opening apart of. They decorated their wine rooms
up shops and restaurants where they with wine racks to display their collections
could share their wine with other of wine bottles from all over the world.
people in the town, thus starting the With the beginnings of wine tourism in
first wine bar.6 European wine regions, the success story
of the vinotheque, or specialized wine
boutique began.8

" it was wine, needless to say, that fueled the festivities."

 wine in ancient greece:
Drinking wine was also associated
heavily with religion. Ancient Greeks
had a god devoted to wine, Dionysus.
Many people worshipped Dionysus and
had festivals worshipping him. These
festivities typically took place in wine-
producing regions in autumn or early
spring at the time when the grapes were
harvested or the wine was released.9
Greeks loved the idea that wine could
raise the spirits of people, so they
encompassed that feeling in their rituals
which has then been translated to the
everyday dinner table.10
IMAGE 4
wine in christianity:
The Christian faith also values wine as
part of their religion. The founder of
that religion, Jesus Christ, grew up in a
tradition that was steeped in wine, which
his Jewish community considered a
God-given blessing. . . But the beverage
was for the most part favorably viewed
by Christs community; after all, Noahs
first act when he disembarked from
the ark was to plant a vineyard.11
That tradition has been passed down
thousands of years, and people
today still drink wine in church while
remembering Christ.
 social class consumption:
Drinking wine has been characterized
as a middle to upper-class sociability,
one that not the average person
could always partake in. In ancient
civilizations, the upper classes were
the only people that could afford it.
However, today with modern production
and consumption, wine has been able
to cross social boundaries with ease.

" Wine is the most civilized thing in the world. " - ernest hemmingway
IMAGE 5
 3.1
case study: autograph brasserie
 AUTOGRAPH BRASSERIE
The Autograph Brasserie is a restaurant
and bar located in Wayne, Pennsylvania.
The building is 12,000 square feet and
is two floors. Balongue Design is the
interior design firm that completed the
project. Autograph opened in May 2016.
This building would be considered a high
budget project. The main demographic is
middle-upper class families, couples, and
business people. The site of the building
is an upscale shopping center off the side
of a busy road. The location attracts many
people to stop in, shop and eat. The town
of Wayne is a wealthy town that is part of
the Main Line, home of the wealthiest towns
outside of Philadelphia.

"MARTY GRIMS HAD THE VISION OF CELEBRATING PERSONS WHO HAVE IMPACTED POP CULTURE"
IMAGE 1
 justification:
Using Autograph as a case
study is relevant to the
proposed project for multiple
reasons. Its large central bar
is the main focal point of the
restaurant. It immediately
grabs the visitors attention
when they walk in the room,
and it leaves a lasting impact.
The different themed rooms
are fun and playful, yet
sophisticated. Each dining
room has its own personality,
yet the restaurant as a whole
is entirely cohesive. The bar
uses many design elements
that connect each room to
the other.
IMAGE 2
design:
The building itself is an
older style, with some
ornate detailing outside,
while the inside has a very
modern feel with mid-
century modern furniture
pieces. The exterior of
the building is a cream
colored stucco with a
dark contrasting roof. The
entrance is grand and
made out of wood that
stands out from the rest of
the building. The wood
entrance works as a great
transition between the
exterior and interior.
IMAGE 3
 spatial arrangement:
There are two stories to the restaurant, however
upstairs is just private dining for parties and
other special events. The main bar and dining
rooms are all located on the first floor. The
circulation of the spaces works really well. The
kitchens are located close to the dining areas,
and there are private staircases just for the staff
to use while bringing food upstairs. Renovations
were made when Marty Grims took over the
building. Inside they opened up some of the
spaces, removed interior walls, and moved the
central bar. It allowed the restaurant to have
a better flow for both the visitors and the staff.
The total square footage is about 12,000sq
ft. The kitchens take up a large portion of the
space, which seemed necessary because of
the large amount of people they serve each
day.

"autograph bistro brings new life to an iconic french styled building."

IMAGE 4
 sustainability:
Some sustainable actions were taken
when designing this restaurant and bar.
There are a lot of windows throughout
the building that allow for natural light
to come through. The terrace room
has large glass doors and windows that
can be opened to let air and sunlight
in. The original flooring was imported
from France, but was reused it in the
renovation and repurposed by using
different stains. The designers also used
some sustainable fabrics, and many of
the accessories and instruments were
vintage and repurposed.

"autograph: a signature restaurant for the main line."

IMAGE 5
mood and materials:
The mood of the space is a
fun upbeat environment. There
are lots of design details and
decorations to look at and
keep the visitor entertained
throughout every corner of the
building. The materials seemed
appropriate and easy to clean in
a restaurant setting. The colors
matched the mood of each of
the individual spaces, some
more calm and others much
brighter. The overall color
scheme was warm and calming.
Dark wood is used for the floors
and some ceilings, making the
colorful walls and furniture really
stand out.
IMAGE 6
furniture and lighting:
Many different furniture, fixtures, and
equipment are required for each
function of the building. In the dining
areas there are tables, chairs, booths,
and lighting fixtures. However, the
back of house spaces require large
pieces of equipment such as stoves,
ovens, prep tables, dishwashers,
storage units, refrigerators, and
freezers. Each space is well-lit for its
intended use. Chandeliers are hung
around the main areas such as the
bar, lobby, and above some tables. A
lot of natural light is used in the back
dining room by the terrace. Other
spaces have less natural light but the
artificial lighting makes up for it.
 conept:
The focal point of the restaurant
is the art hung around the
entire restaurant. Marty Grims,
the owner of the restaurant,
has collected over 1000
autographed pictures and record
albums that hang throughout the
entire space. They characterize
the space and give the
restaurant its name, Autograph.
The albums and pictures cover
every inch of the walls, even
leading down to the restrooms,
often an area that is overlooked
in design. They relate entirely to
the overall design and create the
concept itself.
IMAGE 7
post occupancy survey:
This building is naturally
conducive for social gathering.
The bar is very welcoming, with
a big opening in the center for
people to look across and see
each other. Outdoors there
is a terrace space that is very
welcoming and people gather.
The terrace outside seems
more calm because of the wall
surrounding it and all the plants
and flowers. The main bar
seems more hectic because of
the bright blue paint as well as
the giant trumpet chandelier that
hangs in the center of the room.
There arent any way-finding
techniques, but the flow is easy
to figure out. Each dining room
is connected to a main corridor,
which allows the user to easily
find their way to the restrooms
or back to their table.
IMAGE 8
 spaces, adjacencies, and rooms:
The restaurant needs both dining spaces and back of house spaces in order
to function properly. The kitchen and back out house took up about a third spacespace
adjaceny program:
adjacency program:
of the overall plan, indicating how important that area is. Visually, the back of
house spaces were completely blocked from the visitor, which is important.
The restrooms were located out of the way of the main area, yet easy to find. Room Name Adjacencies Privacy Acoustics
Both of these spaces have acoustical needs that need to be met to make
the users feel more comfortable. The back of house spaces, although out of
sight from the visitors, need to be easily accessible to the staff. Dining Kitchen, Service Public Loud

Entry Dining, Bar Public Moderate

Bar Seating Service, Dining Public Moderate/Loud

Kitchen Dining, Service Private Moderate

Service Kitchen, Dining, Private Moderate

Stations Bar
 evaluation:

My overall evaluation of the building is

that it is extremely aesthetically appealing
as well as functional. There was clearly
a lot of thought put into the design
choices, and the collaboration between
the owner and designer was achieved
in a very dynamic way. The spaces
each have their own personality but also
have similar elements that connect them
to each other. I enjoyed the material
choices, with the bright blue seats in the
main dining room. The custom trumpet
chandelier went above and beyond,
making it a focal point of the room and
something to be remembered when
leaving. I believe Autograph meets all
the needs of both the users and staff.
The circulation flowed easily through the
space, and the staff had plenty of service
stations and back stairways to quickly get
from place to place without interfering
with the experience of the customer.

IMAGE 9
 " there are many signature
restaurants, but only one autograph! "

IMAGE 10
 3.2
the twisted tail: case study
 the twisted tail
The Twisted Tail is a bar and restaurant
located in South Philadelphia. The NYC
firm, Riscala Agnese, designed the space
in 2011. There are two floors and the
building is about 10,000 square feet. The
project is a high construction budget, due
to major renovations that were made. This
case study was visited because of its
strong concept throughout each space and
because the main function of the building
is a bar and event space. George Reilly is
the owner of the building. He bought the
two bars next to each other and converted
them into one building.

IMAGE 1
 users:
The users of The Twisted Tail are the
staff as well as the customers. This
includes the bartenders, chefs, busboys,
waiters, and cleaners. There is a wide
range of demographics that use the
building. For example, business people
use the space for events, younger
people come to drink and dance to the
live music, and everyone in between.
The building is located in the urban
environment of South Philadelphia.
The neighborhood is filled with bars,
restaurants, and shops. It is a busy
area that attracts people walking by.
The socioeconomic conditions of the
area are middle class, but the range of
people that visit the Twisted Tail does
not confine to one social class.
IMAGE 2
concept:
This building has been a tavern
since the 1700s, and has remained
within the same use throughout the
centuries. The rustic style that the
designers chose reflects both the
old exterior and a modern twist of
the upcoming neighborhood around
it. The concept of the space is a
southern American bar with live
music, a clubroom with shuffleboard
and darts, and a large bourbon and
whiskey bar.
 spatial arrangement:

There are two floors of the restaurant, with a

bar on each floor. Both spaces are public
and connected by a staircase. Downstairs
has more tables for dining, with a central
bar that is open in the center. Upstairs is
designed more towards people standing,
dancing, or socializing. There are two
separate rooms upstairs, whereas downstairs
is one large open space. The first room
is a clubroom that has couches, lounge
chairs, and darts. It is designed for people
to lounge and relax with one another. The
second room upstairs has more of an
energetic feeling. There is a stage for
bands to come play, as well as a dance
floor and another bar.

" fueled by blues and rock-n-roll bands five nights a week. " - discover phl
IMAGE 3
 circulation:
The circulation works well
between each of the areas.
There are no specific way-
finding techniques, but each
room connects to a main hall or
staircase that lead the visitor to the
restrooms or back to the entrance.
It is a small enough space that
a customer can easily find his or
her way around without the help
of specific signage.
IMAGE 4
sustainability:
In this project, there were few
sustainable actions taken. The
front faade of the building has
windows and doors that can be
opened to allow air to ventilate
through the space. They also
allow for natural light to enter
and lessen the need for artificial
lighting.
 materials:
The materials that were selected
have a rustic aesthetic. Most
of the seats are leather and the
booths are vinyl. Both of these
materials are easily cleanable and
last for a long time. All the floors
are wood, which isnt a very
sustainable material, but they are
easy to clean. However, around
the bar areas tile flooring is used.
The tile is easiest to clean with
spilled drinks and wont scratch
as easily when bar stools slide in
and out. Some of the walls have
dark wood paneling on them,
while others are concrete blocks
or exposed brick.
IMAGE 5
color scheme:
The architectural materials are neutral,
with the pops of color shining
through in the furniture. The booths
downstairs have bright yellow seats
with red backs. The stools are also
red to match the booths. Upstairs,
the ceilings have colorful tiles
inlayed. The overall color scheme is
monochromatic, but the brighter colors
are complimentary. Adding the small
amounts of color throughout the space
keep it sophisticated while breaking up
the otherwise neutral environment.
 lighting:
The lighting in the bar and
restaurant changes depending
on what room the visitor is
in. Downstairs uses mostly
natural light with just some
pendants hanging around the
bar. Upstairs in the clubroom,
there is also a lot of natural light,
with large windows spanning the
room. However, in the second
bar, it is more dimly lit with
pendant lights around the tables
and bar. There are different
colored spotlights that can be
used when bands are playing on
the stage as well.
" There's a really cool, eclectic vibe
IMAGE 6
art and decor:
The art and decorative elements
within the space support the
concept of the restaurant. They
are tasteful; yet represent the
mood and atmosphere of the
south. The ends of the bar
are two large whiskey barrels,
proudly displaying the owners
vast knowledge of whiskey and
bourbon. Shuffle board and
darts occupy the clubroom,
creating a relaxing yet social
environment, which is the overall
mood for the entire bar.
throughout the building." - philly in love
IMAGE 7
 post occupancy survey:
The building is naturally conducive for social
gathering, with an open concept plan that
people can wander and mingle. There is also
a large dance floor and long group tables
for large parties to gather. People come to
eat, drink, dance, listen to live music, and be
with friends. The old rustic feeling makes the
atmosphere very welcoming and feels like a
place to stay and hang out all day long. The
red booth seating and the clubroom seem
like calm areas whereas the bar and dance
floor seem like more hectic areas. The booth
seating and clubroom are more intimate, with
less open space around them, allowing for a
more private space. About 250-300 people
come in daily, so many people enjoy coming
for a drink or quick bite to eat.

IMAGE 8
 evaluation:
My overall evaluation of the space
is that it achieves its main goal: as
a bar for visitors to spend a few
hours enjoying drinks with friends
and unwinding. The laid back
atmosphere was accomplished
through the use of the comfortable
furniture and warm materials. I
didnt necessarily love all the
individual pieces, but I think they
created a cohesive feeling from
one space to the next. The
circulation worked well, as there
was plenty of room to move
around without it feeling crowded.
I also liked that the outside of the
restaurant looked like two separate
buildings, but once you were
inside, you couldnt tell; it just felt
like one expansive space.
" Twisted Tail gives
IMAGE 9
space adjacencies:
As a bar and restaurant, the
back of house spaces are just
as important as the front of the
building. The kitchen requires
a large amount of the square
footage, and it needs to be
adjacent to the main dining areas.
Visually, the kitchen and prep
rooms are hidden from the visitors.
The dining and bar spaces
dont need visual privacy, but
acoustically should be separated
from where the band is playing.
the perfect amount of flexibility " - philly in love
IMAGE 10
 spacespace
adjaceny program:
adjacency program:

Room Name Adjacencies Privacy Acoustics

Dining Kitchen, Service Public Loud

Entry Dining, Bar Public Moderate

Bar Seating Service, Dining Public Moderate/Loud

Kitchen Dining, Service Private Moderate

Service Kitchen, Dining, Private Moderate

Stations Bar
" transition from a mellow dinner to an energetic night out " -zagat
olio: case study
3.3
 Olio kensington street:
Olio is a restaurant that is located in
Sydney, Australia. It was designed
by the architecture and design group,
LAVA. Olio is a two story space and is
2150 square feet. Based on the design
features within the restaurant, this project
is a medium construction budget. This
case study is appropriate because it
has many of the same elements that
would be used in a wine bar. It brings
the culture of Sicily to the heart of
Sydney, transporting the visitor to a new
environment when they walk through the
door.

IMAGE 1
 users:
The building is located in the urban setting of downtown
Chippendale. Other restaurants, bars, and stores
surround it. The restaurant is situated on a smaller side
street that attracts many passersby off the main shopping
street. Sydney is one of the wealthiest cities in Australia,
and Olio represents that with its upscale design.1 The
owner of Olio is the award-winning Sicilian chef, Lino
Sauro, who wants to bring his Italian culture to the
people of Australia.2 The users include himself, other
staff members, and the visitors and customers.

interior vs. exterior:

The style of the interior is a combination between
industrial/rustic and upscale/modern. The rustic interior
walls compliment the dark brick exterior. The building
was previously an old liquor store. The structure features
exposed brick walls, timber rafters, steel structure, rustic
timber doors, and loft-style steel windows. The original
elements were cleaned up and showcased as existing.
The outdoor terrace connects the interior and the exterior
harmoniously, using the same materials and elements.3

IMAGE 2
 spatial arrangement:

Olio is two floors, with all the main dining

and facilities downstairs and just the outdoor
roof terrace upstairs. The public spaces
are placed in the front of the building, while
the private spaces are in the back. The
circulation is defined by a tile passeggiata,
or the Italian word for pathway. The tile
separates the space between the servers,
and those being served. It acts as a walkway
to lead around the restaurant to the kitchen,
restrooms, and storage areas. The wood
flooring marks the space for the tables and
chairs where the patrons sit. The wayfinding
through the space is made easy with the tile
pathway throughout the restaurant.

" The interiors reflect both Kensington Street's heritage and modern design fads"
- broadsheet sydney IMAGE 3
 sustainability:

Many sustainable actions were taken

into consideration when designing the
restaurant. The original elements were
left revealed, saving materials from
being thrown away. The faade also
has large, operable windows that let in
plenty of natural light as well as fresh
air for ventilation. Sustainable features
include recycled materials, insulation,
low energy lights, designer furniture
and locally manufactured items that
were all sourced from within one hour
from Sydney and all within the existing
building footprint.4 In addition, the
floor is made out of recycled timber
veneer and plywood.5

IMAGE 4
 materials:
The interior space has a rustic aesthetic with
a modern twist. LAVA had a mix of tradition
and innovation to work with an old building
and Sicilian tradition; with a new fit-out and
Linos modern take on Sicilian dishes.6 The
materials reflect the design concept of flowing
olive oil from Sicily. The tiles used on the
passeggiata are from Sicily, while the ceiling
element above reflects the same flowing
pattern in bright green. Besides the green
ceiling, the rest the materials are natural and
neutral colored. The floor as well as the
chairs are a light wood, which contract nicely
with the exposed black steel structure. This
choice of material is aesthetically pleasing
while also providing easy cleanability.

" lava had a mix of tradition and innovation "

IMAGE 5
furniture & fixtures:
LAVA introduced two pieces
of furniture, free flowing joinery
elements for kitchen and bar.
Soft, dripping, LED-lit lines on
the joinery interpret the idea
of flowing oil.7 The custom
desidnged bar reflects this idea
of flowing oil with the cove lights
lining each curve. The furniture
and equipment is all designed
to fit within this overall concept.
LAVA chose simple wooden
chairs and tables to blend in with
the design, not stand out on their
own.
color scheme:
The material strategy features a
natural colour palette - light oak
timber and concrete tabletops -
with hints of Mediterranean blue
and olive green.8 The green
ceiling element gives enough
color for the entire restaurant,
that everything else can remain
neutral.

IMAGE 6
 lighting:
The lighting within the space is
bright overall. The large windows
that span the front of the building
let in a majority of the light during
the day. Lighting design includes
bendable LED strips that line the
joinery and ceiling, and dimmable
spotlights that create atmospheric
lighting above the tables.9 There is
also cove lighting above and below
the bar and kitchen areas.

" Sicily... luscious green olive oil, a leisurely stroll in the afternoon." - lava
IMAGE 7
 evaluation:
My overall evaluation of the space is
that it is very concept driven, and all
the elements work well together. It
feels like a calming environment to
be in and like somewhere I would
want to spend time. All the design
ideas, from the walls and ceilings,
down to the choices of dishware,
work harmoniously together. They
create a completely cohesive
space that combines tradition with
innovation. It can be difficult to blend
existing structures with contemporary
design ideas, however LAVA made it
look effortless.
" Lino Sauro wants you to feel like you're in his
space adjacencies:
As a bar and restaurant, the back of
house spaces are just as important as
the front of the building. The kitchen
requires a large amount of the square
footage, and it needs to be adjacent
to the main dining areas. Visually,
the kitchen and prep rooms are open
to the visitors. This gives customers
a peak into the other side of the
restaurant, one that is normally hidden
from guests. The storage rooms
should also be located close to the
kitchen for ease of access.
home city of Sicily " - lava
IMAGE 8
space adjaceny program:
 3.4
golden promise: case study
 golden promise:
Golden Promise is a whiskey bar located in
Paris, France. JBMN Architects designed the
space, and it was completed in 2017. The
bar is located in an underground vault in the
basement of an existing restaurant and is 2260
square feet. Since all the existing architecture
was left untouched, this project would be
considered a low budget construction.1 This
bar is being used as case study because of its
design elements carrying from one room to the
other. Its strong conceptual ideas are shown
throughout the entire space, but respect the
existing structure. Golden Promise is the product
of the whisky retailer, Maison du Whiskey, and
the French entrepreneur, Youlin Ly. They wanted
to provide a place to enjoy whiskey, since the
main attraction for tourists in Paris is the wine.2

IMAGE 1

spatial arrangement:
JBMN Architects wanted to create
an environment that felt like a
speakeasy: dark, underground,
and hidden. The bar is one floor,
divided into five different rooms.
The rooms are broken naturally
by divisions in the ceiling. The
ceilings reveal the existing vaulted
stone construction.3 Visitors enter
into the main bar, where there are
over 200 kinds of whiskeys are
displayed. There are then four
other lounge and bar areas, each
providing a unique experience for
the customers.
IMAGE 2
room types:
One lounge has a table that seats
fourteen people, encouraging
a place to stay and relax. This
space is designed for users to
sample some of the 800 whiskeys
that are on shelves around the
room. Another bar is located a
few rooms over, with a cross-
shaped table in the center that
people can gather around,
socialize, and drink whiskey
cocktails. This room is designed
for a more energetic crowd,
with space to walk around and
experience the whole space. The
last room is a private tasting room,
with lockers to store purchased
bottles of whiskey. That elite
space can even be privatized for
groups, dates, or noble visitors.4
IMAGE 3
 circulation:
The circulation throughout the
bar is direct. There arent any
hallways or corridors; each room
leads to the next. Each space
has a clear definition, yet the
concept flows easily between
the divisions. The service areas
are in between all the bars and
lounges, allowing the servers to
easily access them from all parts
of the building.
each space has a clear definition, yet the concept
sustainability:
There are not many opportunities
for sustainable design within the
scope of this project. However,
the existing structure was left
untouched, which resulted in
zero material waste from the
construction aspect. All the
design elements were brought in
separately from the construction of
this building, as it used to be an
old cellar.5
flows easily between the divisions
IMAGE 4
 materials:

The materials and finishes that are used

within the bar contrast with the exposed
stone structure. Dark stained floorboards run
throughout the entire bar, pulling one room
into the next. Golden Promises stone walls
and vaulted ceilings are now juxtaposed
with sleek, minimalist furniture and back-lit
bottles of whiskey neatly displayed on each
wall, creating a truly unique haven under the
streets of Paris.6 The shelves are a dark
bronze colored metal that contrast against
the light cream colored stone. Using this
dark color is successful because it allows the
bottles to stand out and become the focal
point of the rooms.

IMAGE 5
 furniture:
Every bar and table is made
of the same light wood, which
becomes a connecting element
in each of the spaces. The
seating, however, varies from
room to room. Some rooms
have no seating at all, such
as at the standing bar, and
in others there are luxurious
velvet armchairs. According to
Boitard, one of the architects,
the furniture choices provide
a specific atmosphere in each
room, related to a specific way
to drink whiskey.7
IMAGE 6
color palette:
The color palette in the bar
is neutral, with just hints of
brighter colors. In the room
with the standing bar, there
is a botanical wallcovering
that has sketches of green
plants and pink flowers.
The chairs in the private
tasting room are a slate
blue, while the backs of the
shelves in the lounge are a
rose pink. These are the
only pops of color within
the bar besides the bottles
of whiskey themselves.
IMAGE 7
 LIGHTING:
All the lighting within the bar
is artificial. Since it is located
underground, there is no opportunity
for natural lighting. This only furthers
the concept of a speakeasy. All of
the shelves are backlit, creating a
glowing effect on the bottles. Many
of these shelf lights become the
main source of light within the space.
However, in the lounge spaces there
are pendant lights and wall sconces
that give more character to that area.
The cross shaped bar has cove
lighting around the base that gives
the illusion that it is floating.

" The real action lies beyond a large steel door, which you'll need to knock on to be buzzed in." -gq magazine
IMAGE 8
 evaluation:
My overall evaluation of the bar is that
is successful both functionally and
aesthetically. The designers did not
have much flexibility with the existing
conditions, but they created a beautiful
space within the strict parameters. The
concept stands strong throughout the
entirety of the bar, with similar elements
carrying through from one room to
the next. The bar has a feeling of
exclusivity, while remaining relaxed and
intimate.

" this swanky subterranean retreat is a glowing shrine to whisky "

IMAGE 9 - curbed
 space adjacencies:
Since this bar is just one floor, all the rooms are close together.
The restrooms are located right next to the main bar, allowing for
ease of access, but also a slight lack of privacy. Both the bar
areas and the service areas have acoustical needs that need to be
met to make the users feel more comfortable. Although the bars
and lounges dont require visual privacy, the way they are divided
up allows for separation between each space.

IMAGE 10
space adjaceny program:
Circulation Separation of Spaces
 4
qualitative & technical criteria
qualitative and technical data:
In bar and restaurant design, it is not
only important that the environment is
aesthetically pleasing, but that it also
functions properly. It is imperative
that the designer understands the
needs of all the users involved and
creates a space that is comfortable
and safe. The job of the designer
is to be knowledgeable about the
technical aspects related to the
physical need and human dimensions
specifically within a wine bar.
 interior conditions:

Furniture, finishes, and materiality play a large

role in the design of bars and restaurants. The
furniture choices need to be comfortable, since
users are seated for a majority of their stay, but still
provide support for the intended activity, such as
lounging or eating. Diverse types of furniture will
be used throughout the wine bar, depending on the
environment they are in. Bar stools, lounge chairs,
and couches will all be utilized in the various spaces.
These choices need to be easily accessible, following
universal design guidelines, and allowing all types
of users to easily get in and out of the seats. The
materials that are selected need to be easily cleanable,
due to the atmosphere of a wine bar. Seating
materials should be durable and high commercial
grade. They should also be treated with moisture IMAGE 1 IMAGE 2
barrier coating to protect from wine spills. Other
finishes should also reflect the appropriate amount of
traffic they will be exposed to. Flooring materials need
to be more easily maintained throughout circulation
paths, versus areas that get less foot traffic.

IMAGE 3
 ergonomics:

Considering ergonomics and anthropomorphics

is especially important when designing bars or
restaurants. The distance between chairs and
tables need to be a comfortable and intimate
distance, while the space between each table
IMAGE 4 should give enough room for circulation.
The various angles of seat backs encourage
different experiences. Seats that are straight up
encourage more formal interactions, while more
relaxed seats encourage lounging and informal
interactions. In this regard, seating that is closer
together promotes a more intimate experience
between users while more distance between
seating promotes a more amiable experience.
Both type of seating options should be provided,
allowing for a greater range of usage, from
corporate events to romantic date nights.

IMAGE 5 IMAGE 6
 lighting:

Lighting within the wine bar should

enhance the atmosphere, making the
visitors feel more relaxed. Natural
light is appropriate during the daytime;
however most people visit wine bars
in the evening, so artificial lighting
is highly needed. The choice of
artificial lighting is important because
the different color values of light can
affect the overall atmosphere of the
space. Lighting will be controlled and
changed based on the time of day.

IMAGE 7 IMAGE 8 IMAGE 9

 acoustic & visual control:

Acoustic control is not a big concern within

the space, as bars are naturally conducive
for social gathering and mingling with new
people. Sound should not be completely
absorbed within the space, or users would
feel uncomfortable speaking too loudly for
IMAGE 10
fear of being overheard by other guests.
However, the back of house spaces, such as
the kitchen, dish room, and restrooms should
have acoustic privacy, as guests should not be
able to hear what is happening in those areas.
The visual control ties closely with that of the
acoustics. Users should not be able to see
the back spaces. These areas will be blocked
off from the main bar with walls and partitions.

IMAGE 11
 sustainability:

Sustainability within the building is an important

aspect of design that needs to be considered on
all scales of the project, from structural decisions
to materiality. The designer has a responsibility
to make as little of an impact on the environment
as possible, so even the smallest design choices
can have a large impact. Many sustainable
actions can be taken when choosing materials
and finishes. Designers can choose to use
recycled or repurposed flooring, construction
materials, and textiles. Furniture, artwork, and
accessories can be locally sourced to cut down
on transportation distances and oil usage. The
wine bar is located in Washington D.C. which is
a temperate location, allowing opportunities for
natural ventilation to be utilized.

IMAGE 12
 wayfinding & signage:
Wayfinding is an important part of
design within large spaces. Signage
will be placed around the bar directing
towards exits and restrooms. Physical
signs that are mounted on the walls with IMAGE 13
contain braille for the visually impaired.
Circulation paths and dining areas
will be distinguished by the designer,
allowing the user to visually separate
the different functions. Varied colors will
be used to designate between floors so
users can easily identify where they are
at all times.

IMAGE 14
 universal design:

Designers are responsible for

creating environments that all types
of people can use. Universal design
theory is important to use while
designing bars so that everyone can
enjoy the space with ease. Various
table heights will be offered so
those in wheel chairs are able to sit
comfortably. Five foot clearances
will be located in various areas of
the bar to allow wheelchairs to turn
around when needed.

IMAGE 16
IMAGE 15
 5.1
topical exploration: human-centered design
 topical explorations:
This section will be discussing human
related design choices, and how
every design decision has an impact
on the psychological affect of the
user. Designers must understand
how their choices in spatial layout,
furniture, materiality, color, and light
all have influences on how users
perceive and react to the space. It
is the designers job to research the
specific project type and how these
elements have an effect on that
environment.

IMAGE 1
 human centered design:

Within bar and restaurant design, human behavior

considerations must be analyzed and understood in order
to create a successful space. People perceive their
surroundings in general categories. They feel comfortable
with certain people within various distance zones. Public
distance is described as the feeling one gets when entering
a high-ceilinged restaurant or large open lobby.1 This
distance is about 12 feet and beyond. Social distance
is 4 to 12 feet and is what customers see when they are
seated and watching service staff walking by or viewing
the TV above a bar. Personal distance is what a customer
experiences when speaking to others across the dining
table. This distance is anywhere from 18 inches to 4 feet.
The closest distance is considered intimate distance, and
it is the feeling of being close enough to touch a dining
companion, as when seated side by side on a banquette.2
Intimate distance ranges from physical contact to 18 inches.
The level of comfort people feel in different distance zones
is heavily influenced by their culture. In America, people are
not as comfortable sitting very closely together; however, in
Europe, people are much more at ease sitting shoulder to
shoulder in cozy cafs or beer halls.3

IMAGE 2
 spatial arragngement:
Based on how the interior of a
space is arranged, the overall
experience can have an affect
on customers in a psychological
and sociological way. Orderly
arrangements help guide all
users in a logical progression
throughout the space. Diving the
space into various sized areas
can psychologically affect the
users. Creating smaller spaces
encourages a more intimate
feeling, while larger rooms
engage diners in the see-
and-be seen atmosphere of a
theatrical restaurant.4
" we shape our buildings ; thereafter
IMAGE 3
table shape & layout:
Layouts of tables as well as their
shape also affect the experience
of customers. Angling tables
away from other tables decreases
visual distraction by redirecting
sight lines. This creates a more
calming atmosphere for the visitors,
allowing them to focus on each
other rather than being distracted
by other guests. Shapes within
the restaurant have a psychological
affect on the way people feel.5
People are drawn to curves and
rounded shapes, as it makes
them feel more welcome and
relaxed. Customers also feel more
comfortable sitting in corner booths
where they are out of the way of
path of other guests, while being
encompassed in the round shape
of the banquette.
they shape us." -winston churchill
IMAGE 4
 seating choices:

Seating in a restaurant or bar is one

of the first things a customer comes in
contact when they enter. The seating type
influences how long they want to stay in
the space, whether it is a plastic fast food
booth or deep cushioned couch. These
different types of chairs hint at different
dining experiences. Users relate these
signals to how they should act within the
environment, and what type of experience
they should expect. For example, wooden
armless chairs offer a casual experience,
while booth seating encourages closer
contact and intimacy between guests.6

" the role of a designer is that of a very good, thoughtful host anticipating the needs of his guests."
IMAGE 5 - charles eames
 tactile experience:

Materiality plays a large role in the way

users interact with the space. Tactile
space is extremely important because it can
psychologically warm a room, which makes
people feel comfortable.7 A wine bar is
the exact place where people need to feel
comfortable, unwind, and engage with others.
The tactile elements are what connect the
users with the surrounding environment. The
feeling of the tables and seats are what create
the experience for the guest. The entirety
of their stay involves sitting in a booth, bar
stool, or lounge chair. Natural materials,
upholstered seats, and padded armrests
maintain high comfort levels8 and encourage
guests to stay longer and indulge in another
glass of wine.

IMAGE 6
 5.2
topical exploration: light & color
 effect of lighting:
Lighting within bar and restaurant design can single
handedly affect the entire atmosphere of the space.
It has the power to affect all the other elements within
the bar, either positively or negatively. Lighting has a
psychological effect on users as well. It can make a
room feel intimate or expansive, subdued or exciting,
friendly or hostile, quiet or full of electrifying energy.1
The choice of lighting relies on the atmosphere the
designer wants to create. For example, sparkling
lights are said to enhance and encourage
conversation2, creating the perfect environment for
a wine bar. The sparkling effect comes from light
fixtures with many points of light, such as chandeliers.
It is produced when the light reflects off glassware,
silverware, or other reflective surfaces. This light
effect creates a magical atmosphere that makes
people feel animated but not restless.3

IMAGE 1
 influence of light:

Lighting not only influences the built

environment, but also all that inhabit it.
Lighting should be used to make the guests
look their best so they dont feel washed
out or like the light is highlighting their
imperfections. When customers feel attractive
within a space, they enjoy the space and
also return for repeated visits.4 Guests feel
more comfortable and attractive under warm,
incandescent lamps rather than the harsh
white light that LED or fluorescent lamps
produce. Along with people being affected by
lighting choices, the way food and drinks look
is also influenced. Certain types of light can
wash out colors or affect the way people view
food. Too harsh of a light can make food
look unappetizing, whereas a soft glow of a
dim light makes people want to indulge more.

IMAGE 2
 power of color:
Color is the biggest design
element that light effects. Colors
have the power to psychologically
affect peoples moods and
emotions. In restaurants, bright
colors encourage fast paced
dining, while more subtle colors
encourage a more leisurely,
relaxed dining experience.5
Designers need to recognize what
type of environment they want to
create, and pick the appropriate
colors for that space. For a
wine bar, colors will be chosen
that are known to make people
feel at ease and relaxed. Colors
have emotions and psychological
effects associated with them.
IMAGE 3
color associations:
Gold, for example, is associated with
wealth and power, and it tends to
invoke a timeless feeling.6 Blue, on
the other hand, should be avoided
around food because it does not
complement it well and makes foodW
seem unappetizing. Neutrals are
versatile in that they can be applied to
almost any design element and work
well with its surroundings. Just varying
the accent colors around the space
can change the mood of the room.
Lighter, rosy hues suggest warmth and
femininity, while complementing both
food and people.7 Using these types of
colors within the restaurant setting will
promote a positive experience for users
and make them feel comfortable and
relaxed.
IMAGE 4
 color palettes:

This can also be achieved through color unity

and harmony. Unity is the repetition of color to
achieve a unified whole8 while harmony is the
result of a perfect balance between individual
color relationships.9 When unity and harmony
in color relationships are utilized, the space feels
balanced and cohesive. One way to accomplish
this is through various color relationships.
Monochromatic color schemes are the most
basic, with a single hue being used throughout.
Variations in tint and shades are added to provide
diversity.10 Analogous color schemes utilize three
to five adjacent hues on the color wheel. This
kind of palette creates an environment that is more
inviting and calming. Restaurants tend to use
analogous colors because they encourage people
to stay longer and relax.11

IMAGE 5
 5.3
topical exploration: stress & socialization
 effects of stress:
With the constant stresses being put on people in todays
society, the need for relaxation is present now more
than ever. People need time away from work and the
pressures that come with it. Daily stressors can negatively
affect ones physical and mental health. Chronic stress
takes its toll in part on our bodys ability to resist infection,
maintain vital functions, and even ability to avoid injury.
When youre stressed out and tired, you are more likely to
become ill, your arteries take a beating, and youre more
likely to have an accident.1 It has also been discovered
that your sleep will be affected, food will not be digested
as well, and even the genetic material of cells in the body
can start to become negatively altered.2 Too much stress
causes mental distress as well, making people more
irritable, depressed, and anxious.3 Everyone needs a
break from their daily routine to take time for themselves.
Allowing your body and mind to focus on other things
besides work, household duties, or finances will let your
mental health recover and be rejuvenated.

IMAGE 1
 the need for socialization:

Stress can be relieved in many ways. Meditation, yoga,

vacations, and going out with friends are all beneficial
in keeping the mind and body healthy while reducing
stress. Indulging in a glass of wine after work with
friends or coworkers is a way to unwind after a long
day at the office. Socializing and connecting with
friends is proven to have many benefits on mental and
emotional health. It boosts brain health, lowers the risk
of dementia, and decreases feelings of depression.4
Coming face to face with companions is imperative for
social health in a world that is taken over by technology.
People do not benefit the same way by communicating
through cell phones or social media as they do by
communicating in person. Taking the time out of
ones day so sit down and talk to friends, removing
oneself from the technological world, and really
engaging with one another is one of the best forms of
healing someone can do. Evidence shows that social
interactions actually benefit physical health and that
people with low social interaction have weaker immune
systems.5

IMAGE 2
 how wine promotes health:

Wine bars are an ideal place for relaxation and

socialization. They encourage people to unwind
and catch up with friends. They offer an outlet for
people to escape the daily stressors that come
with working and household chores. Taking
a break from responsibilities while engaging in
meaningful conversation. Over the past twenty
years, there have been several studies by wine
researchers to understand the motivations for
drinking wine and the context or situation in which
wine consumption occurs. Using wine for mood
enhancement and developing warm relations
with others was factors associated with having a
casual drink with friends.6 Providing wine bars
encourages this type of behavior amongst the
users, therefore enhancing the overall well-being
of the community.

IMAGE 3
 6
existing site, context, climate, & zoning
 site justification:
Choosing a site for a project is a vital part
of the design process. Gaining insight
into the surrounding neighborhood allows
the designer to make educated decisions
regarding climate, noise, sights, and
demographics. The location of 14th Street
in Washington D.C. is appropriate for a
wine bar because of the high pedestrian
traffic, close proximity to restaurants
and retail, and the overall architectural
style of the area. Further research and
investigation of the site will show that this
downtown location is an ideal spot for the
proposed project.

IMAGE 1
 Washington d.c.:

Washington D.C. is the bustling capital of

the United States. About 680,000 currently
reside in D.C. while the population rises to
over one million during the work week when
commuters come in from neighboring states.1
The demographics of the city are diverse.
47% of the population is black, 36% is white,
4% are Asian, 10% are Hispanic, and 3% are
another race.2 D.C. is a rather wealthy city,
with the median household income coming in
at $70,000.3 Washington D.C. is known for
housing the countrys political branches. The
city is home to Congress, the Supreme Court,
and the President. Many monuments, statues,
and memorials are located around the city,
encompassing its rich history.

" this city is what it is because our citizens are what they are. " -plato
IMAGE 2
 context & climate:

Along with history, the city is filled with museums covering

all topics and cultures. Many of the political buildings
represent a neoclassical style of architecture4, while the
rest of the city ranges from Victorian to modern style.5
Washington D.C. is considered to be a temperate climate.
This means that D.C. experiences all four seasons
throughout the year. The average annual high temperature
is 64F while the average annual low temperature is 46F.
The average annual rainfall is about 40 inches.6 To
design for a temperate climate, various decisions must
be made with the intent of making it last through different
weather conditions. A designer should seek radiation
gain in the winter and provide shading in the summer.7
The buildings should be protected from wind and snow
in the winter, but allow ventilation and natural air in the
summer. Buildings should be oriented to face the south to
absorb the winter sun while protecting against the summer
sun.8 In this way, the climate and the way architecture is
designed is closely linked together. The average annual
high temperature is 64F while the average annual low
temperature is 46F.9

IMAGE 3

" the part of the city that never sleeps"
IMAGE 4
Logan circle:
The proposed building is located in a neighborhood of Washington D.C.
called Logan Circle. This area is known for its old-timey charm and
array of shops, eateries, and bars. Many historic buildings are home
to new restaurants, furniture shops, and jazz clubs.10 Logan Circle is
primarily a residential area with majestic Victorian-style houses built
from 1870 to 1900 that have been refurbished and painted in shades
of red, yellow, blue, gray and green.11 The neighborhood is filled with
many young people in their 20s and 30s due to the appeal of the
renovated houses and new high-rise apartments. During the 1980s
and 1990s the area was considered to be unsafe because of drug
use and serious crime. However, the neighborhood became gentrified
in the 2000s and housing costs drastically increased.12 Gentrification
in Logan Circle has resulted in a dramatic change of neighborhood
demographics; since the 1990s, thousands of white young adults have
moved into the neighborhood, while thousands of black male adults
have been forced to move out of the neighborhood.13 Along with
its young hip crowd, Logan Circle is also rich in history. The African
American Civil War Museum is located in the neighborhood, honoring
the 200,000 black soldiers that fought in the civil war. Down the street
is the former site of Camp Baker, a complex of barracks and tents that
housed some 4,000 civilians and Civil War soldiers.14 Now the site is
home to the Vermont Avenue Baptist Church, where many prominent
speakers have come over the years including Martin Luther King Jr.
and Barack Obama.
- washington.org
 14th street nw:

The street of the proposed building is the bustling

main street of Logan Circle. The neighborhoods
main business drag is 14th Street NW, where the
past decade or so has transformed the blocks into a
playground for the young and stylish thanks to dozens
of restaurants, indie and national-brand shops and
a happening bar scene.16 Many of the buildings
are renovated Victorian-style homes or new modern
buildings that have been built within the last few years.
The street is a popular place for young crowds to
shop, eat and drink; so many redevelopment projects
have been scheduled to keep up with the bursting
lifestyle. In a two-year span, almost every block of
had a significant advancement scheduled, adding more
than 1,200 housing units and 85,000 square feet of
retail.17 All the buildings on 14th Street are low-rise
buildings, with no more than two to three stories. This
street is the most densely populated area of the city,
and also an expensive one. Apartment rent averages
around $2,700 a month, while two-bedroom condos
sell for around $900,000.18

IMAGE 5
 site zoning:
Located in the Arts District, the
area is filled with mixed-use
buildings comprised of retail,
residential, and dining.19 The
Arts District covers a large portion
of 14th Street, running north to
south. East and west of the
mixed-use spaces are residential
zones. These areas are filled
with people who will shop and
eat along 14th Street.

IMAGE 6
 site analysis:

Logan Circle, and 14th Street in particular, is

a very pedestrian-heavy area of the city. With
plenty of on street parking and parking lots
around the corner, traveling to the area by car
is easy to navigate. Local businesses rely on
the residents of the area walking by every day.
Many people in the city also rely on public
transportation to get around. There are multiple
bus stops within a few blocks of the proposed
site, making it easily accessible. Considering that
this is a busy area, there is noise that must be
blocked out properly. The building is set right
on street level, with only a sidewalk between the
road and the faade. The surrounding landscape
consists of many other buildings right next to each
other. There isnt much greenery in the area,
except for some trees across the street.
 7
program development & documentation
 adjacency matrix:

program development:

When an interior designer begins

a new project, a program must be
determined with the client. This
ensures that all the requirements
for the space are met and that the
functions within the building will run
smoothly. Developing a program is
a vital part in the design process; it
allows the designer to understand all
the needs of the given environment,
while focusing on individual spaces
at a time.
QUALITATIVE PROGRAM:
Power, mech, HVAC, Power, mech, HVAC, Future Trends, Future Trends,
Proxemics Proxemics data/voice, telecomm data/voice, telecomm Permanence, Permanence,
Room Name (1,Room
2, 3, orName
4) Color (1, 2, 3, or
Indoor
4) Air Quality
Color &/orIndoor
plumb'gAirneeds
Quality Thermal Comfortneeds
&/or plumb'g Environmental
ThermalQualities
Comfort Environmental
Ergonomics
Qualities Ergonomics
Wayfinding &/orWayfinding
Growth Remarks&/or Growth Remarks

vibrant, welcoming vibrant, welcoming enough space for people to enough space for people to
protection from outside protection from outside entrance signage, clearly entrance signage, clearly
2 colors that draw 2 plants
colors that draw power
plants -power - enter/exit, wheelchair to pss
enter/exit, wheelchair to pss - -
elements elements labeled directional signagelabeled directional signage
people in people in by, people to wait by, people to wait
Vestibule Vestibule

colors continuing colors continuing design to allow natural comfortable

design to allow
spacenatural
for hostcomfortable
to entrancespace
signage,
for host
clearly
to entrance signage, clearly
2 2 low VOC paint power,
lowdata,
VOCvoice
paint power,
- data, voice - - -
from the vestibule from the vestibule sunlight to enter sunlight
greettoguests
enter labeled
greet
directional
guests signagelabeled directional signage
Reception Reception
enough room for employee
enough
to room for employee to
temperature temperature
- neutral - - neutral power, voice
- power, voice - comfortably- move around comfortably
directional
movesignage
around directional
- signage -
control control
Coat Check Coat Check within space with coats within space with coats
possible possible
vibrant colors to vibrant colors to sustainable materials, sustainable
comfortable,materials,
bar height comfortable, bar height
1-4 1-4
double height ceilings power,
double
data,
height
plumbing
ceilings power, -data, plumbing - directional signage directional
expansion as signage
the expansion as the
create excitement create excitement natural light natural
seating
light seating
Main Bar Main Bar program grows program grows
colors that colors that possible possible
sustainable materials, sustainable
comfortable,materials,
supportive comfortable, supportive
1-2 double height
complement main1-2 ceilingsmain double
complement power,height
data ceilings power,
- data - directional signage directional
expansion as signage
the expansion as the
natural light natural
seating
light seating
Dining Area Dining Area bar bar program grows program grows
possible possible
relaxing, muted relaxing, muted lounge furniture: comfortable
lounge furniture: comfortable
1-2 1-2 - power, data
- power,
- data sustainable materials
- sustainable materials directional signage directional
expansion as signage
the expansion as the
colors colors couches, slouchy seating couches, slouchy seating
Lounge Seating Lounge Seating program grows program grows
possible possible
power, data, voice, temperature
power, data, voice, temperature standing height counters forstanding height counters for
3 neutral 3 ventilation system
neutral ventilation system clean air flow, ventilation clean air flow, ventilation directional signage directional
expansion as signage
the expansion as the
plumbing, HVAC plumbing,
control HVAC control prep work and cooking prep work and cooking
Kitchen Kitchen program grows program grows
controlled to controlled to
possible possible
temperature best temperature best room label, directional room label, directional
- neutral - - neutral power- power natural cooling system natural cooling
- system - expansion as the expansion as the
suited for storing suited for storing signage signage
Wine Storage Wine Storage program grows program grows
wine wine
relaxing colors- relaxing colors- temperature temperature possible possible
comfortable, supportive comfortable, supportive
Kitchen Kitchen program grows program grows
controlled to controlled to
possible possible
Power, mech, HVAC, Power, mech, best
temperature HVAC, temperature best room label, directional room Future
label,Trends,
directional Future Trends,
-
Proxemics neutral -
Proxemics neutral
- -
power power natural cooling system natural cooling - system - expansion as the expansion as the
data/voice, telecomm data/voice,
suited for telecomm
storing suited for storing signage Permanence,
signage Permanence,
Room Name Color
(1, 2, 3, or 4)Indoor Air Quality Thermal Comfort program grows program grows
Wine Storage Room
Wine Name
(1, 2,Storage
3, or 4) Color Indoor
&/or Air Quality
plumb'g needs &/or plumb'g
wine needs Environmental
Thermal wine Qualities Environmental
Comfort Ergonomics
Qualities Wayfinding
Ergonomics Wayfinding
&/or Growth Remarks
&/or Growth Remarks
relaxing
vibrant, colors-
welcoming relaxing
vibrant, colors-
welcoming temperature temperature enough space for people to
enough space for people to possible possible
protection from outside comfortable,
protection from supportive
outside comfortable,
entrance supportive
signage, clearly
entrance signage, clearly
2
2 each
colorsroom draw2
thatdifferent
2 each room
- thatdifferent
plants
colors draw power,power -
data,
plants voice power,
control, data, voice sustainable
-operable
power materials sustainable
control, -operable materials
enter/exit, seating
wheelchair toenter/exit,
pss directional signage
wheelchair to pss directional
expansion - signage
as the expansion
- as the
elements elements seating
labeled directional signage labeled directional signage program grows
Private Tasting Rooms Private Tasting Rooms variations
people in variations
people in windows windows by, people to wait by, people to wait program grows
Vestibule Vestibule
room label, directional room label, directional
- neutral - neutral
- -
power power
- -- - - - - -
Storage- Large Storage- Large colors continuing colors continuing design to allow natural design comfortable
to allow space for host
natural to entrance
comfortable space signage,
for host clearly
signage to entrancesignage
signage, clearly
2 2 low VOC paint power,
low VOC data,paint
voice -
power, data, voice - - -
from the vestibule from the vestibule sunlight to enter sunlightgreet guests
to enter labeled directional signage
greet guests labeled directional signage
Reception Reception room label, directional room label, directional
- neutral - neutral
- -
power power
- -- - - - - -
Storage- Small Storage- Small enough room for employee enough to room for signage
employee to signage
temperature temperature
temperature
- neutral - -
neutral power,- voice temperature
power, voice - comfortably- move around comfortably directional signage
move around directional- signage -
control sustainable
controlmaterials, sustainable materials, room label, directional room label, directional
3 neutral 3 neutral
- data, power, - plumbing data, power,
control, plumbing control, operable
operable comfortable,
within space comfortable, lounge coats
lounge seating seating - -
Coat Check Coat Check natural light natural light with coatswithin space with signage signage
Employee Lounge Employee Lounge windows windows possible possible
vibrant colors to vibrant colors to sustainable materials, sustainablecomfortable, bar height comfortable, bar height
materials,
1-4 1-4 double height ceilings double power, data,
heightplumbing
ceilings power, data, - plumbing - room
directional signage room
label, directional label, directional
directional
expansion signage
as the expansion as the
- createneutral
excitement- low VOC
create neutral
paint
excitement low VOC
powerpaint power
- natural -- light natural - seating
-
light -
seating - -
Main BarCloset
Janitor's Main BarCloset
Janitor's signage signage
program grows program grows
colors that colors that possible possible
sustainable materials, comfortable,
sustainable supportive
materials, room label,
comfortable, directional room label, directional
supportive
-
1-2 neutral main
complement - double
1-2 low VOCneutral
height
complement paint
ceilings
main double low VOC
data,
power,
height paint
power
data
ceilings data,
power,-power
- data --
- - - -
directional signage directional
expansion - signage
as the - as the
expansion
Electrical Room Electrical Room natural light natural seating
light seatingsignage signage
Dining Area Dining Area bar bar program grows program grows
room label, directional room label, directional
- neutral - low VOC neutral
paint low power,
data, VOC paint
mech data, power,
- mech -- - - - -
possible -
possible
Mechanical Room Mechanical Room relaxing, muted relaxing, muted lounge furniture: comfortable lounge furniture: signage
comfortable signage
1-2 1-2 - power, - data power,- data sustainable- materials sustainable materials directional signage expansionsignage
directional as the expansion as the
colors colors couches, slouchy seating couches, slouchy
room label,seating
directional room label, directional
Lounge Seating Lounge- Seating neutral - low VOC neutral
paint low VOC
data, paint
power data, -power -- - - - program - grows program
- grows
Data Closet Data Closet signage signage
possible possible
power, data, voice, temperature
power, data, voice, temperature standing height counters for
standing height counters for
3 neutral 3 ventilation system
neutral ventilation system temperature clean air flow, ventilation
temperature clean comfortable,
air flow, ventilation
supportivecomfortable, directional
room signage room
supportive
label, directional expansion
directional as the
signage
label, directional expansion as the
- neutral - low VOC neutral
paint plumbing,
low VOC
data, HVAC
paint
power control
plumbing,
data, HVAC
power control
- prep work- and cookingprep work and cooking - -
Kitchen Kitchen control control seating seatingsignage program grows
signage program grows
Security Office Security Office controlled to controlled to
energy efficient, water energy efficient, water possible possible
colors drawn from colors drawn from temperature best temperature best room label, directional room label, directional
- neutral - low VOC - paint
neutral power, power
- paintmechpower, plumbing,
lowplumbing,
VOC power
- mechnatural
saving, cooling
low-flowsystemwater natural low flow-
saving, cooling system
water - expansion - as the expansion
- as the
front of house front of house suited for storing suited for storing signage signage
Toilet Storage
Rooms Toilet Rooms closets closets program grows program grows
Wine Wine Storage wine wine
relaxing colors- relaxing colors- temperature temperature possible possible
Proximetrics:
Proximetrics: (1) = intimate 02 - 1.5 ft;(1)(2)= =intimate
personal0 - 1.5
1.5 - ft;
4'; (2)
(3)= =personal
social 1.5
4'-12';- 4';
(4) (3)
= = social
public 12/+4'-12'; (4) = public 12/+ comfortable, supportivecomfortable, supportive
each room different 2 each room - different power, data, - voice control,data,
power, voice sustainable
operable materials sustainable materials
control, operable directional signage expansionsignage
directional as the expansion as the
seating seating
Private Tasting Rooms Private Tasting Rooms variations variations windows windows program grows program grows
first floor test fit: second floor test fit:

MECH ROOM/
ELECTRICAL ROOM
PRIVATE TASTING ROOMS
LOUNGE
KITCHEN SEATING

DATA CLOSET RESTROOMS

MAIN BAR
DINING AREA
DINING AREA
STORAGE

VESTIBULE
LOUNGE SEATING
EMPLOYEE LOUNGE
JANITORS
CLOSET
RECEPTION/
COAT CHECK
SECURITY
OFFICE
WINE STORAGE
RESTROOMS
QUantitative program:
Privacy (visual or Privacy (visual or Acoustic Criteria Acoustic Criteria
Room Name Qty Room
S.FName
Each TotalQty
S.F. S.F
Adjacencies
Each Total S.F. acoustic)
Adjacencies Lighting
acoustic) Furniture/Equipment
Lighting Furniture/Equipment
Finishes/Materials Finishes/Materials
(A,B,C) Perception
(A,B,C) Remarks
Perception Remarks
reception, coat reception, coat
natural light, general natural light, general easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Vestibule 1 Vestibule
150 1501 150 150 - - benches for waiting benches for waiting B inviting, warm, welcoming
B inviting, warm, welcoming
check check lighting, lighting, sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
vestibule, coat vestibule, coat
natural light, general natural light, general easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Reception 1 Reception
100 1001 100 100 - - host stand host stand A inviting, warm, welcoming
A inviting, warm, welcoming
check check lighting, lighting, sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Coat Check 1 Coat Check
100 1001 reception,
100 vestibule
100 reception,
- vestibule
general lighting
- general
coat racks
lighting coat racks A - A -
sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
bar height chairs, wine bar height chairs, wine
dining area, lounge dining area,general
lounge lighting, ambient general lighting, ambient easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
vibrant, conducive for vibrant, conducive for
Main Bar 1 Main2500
Bar 2500
1 2500 2500 - - displays, cash register, displays, cash register, C C
seating seating mood lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
socialization, exciting socialization, exciting
sink, bar dispenser sink, bar dispenser
general lighting, ambient general lighting, ambient easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
vibrant, conducive for vibrant, conducive for
Dining Area 2 Dining2000
Area 4000
2 main
2000
bar, kitchen4000 -main bar, kitchen - tables, chairs tables, chairs C C
mood lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
socialization, exciting socialization, exciting
dining area, main dining area,
general
main lighting, ambient general lighting, ambient easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
relaxed, intimate, laid- relaxed, intimate, laid-
Lounge Seating 2 Lounge 1000
Seating 2000
2 1000 2000
acoustic privacy acoustic privacy lounge chairs, tables lounge chairs, tables B B
bar bar mood lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated back back
work surface, dishwashers, work surface, dishwashers,
main bar, dining main bar, dining
visual/acoustic visual/acoustic
general lighting, task general lighting, task easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Kitchen 1 Kitchen
2000 2000
1 2000 2000 ovens, equipment storage, ovens, equipment storage, A - A -
area privacy area lighting privacy lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
shelves, casework shelves, casework
main bar, dining main bar, dining refrigeration system, wine refrigeration
easy to clean,
system,
durable,
wine easy to clean, durable,
Wine Storage 2 Wine Storage
500 1000
2 500 1000 visual privacy generalvisual
lighting
privacy general lighting A intimate, ambient
A intimate, ambient
area area racks sustainable,
racks
fire rated sustainable, fire rated
main bar, dining main bar, general
visual/acoustic dining lighting,
visual/acoustic
ambient general lighting, ambient easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Private Tasting Rooms Private
3 Tasting
250Rooms 7503 250 750 lounge seating, table lounge seating, table A intimate, ambient
A intimate, ambient
area privacy area mood lighting
privacy mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
kitchen, small kitchen, small easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Storage- Large 1 Storage-200
Large 2001 200 200 visual privacy generalvisual
lighting
privacy general
- lighting - - - - -
storage storage sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
kitchen, large kitchen, large easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Storage- Small 2 Storage-100
Small 2002 100 200 visual privacy generalvisual privacy
lighting general
- lighting - - - - -
storage storage sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
visual/acoustic visual/acoustic easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Employee Lounge 1 Employee150
Lounge 1501 kitchen
150 150 kitchen general lighting kitchenette,
generaltable,
lighting
seating kitchenette, table, seating - relaxing, friendly
- relaxing, friendly
privacy privacy sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Janitor's Closet 2 Janitor's 75
Closet 1502 75
storage 150 visual privacy
storage generalvisual
lighting
privacy general
- lighting - - - - -
 main bar, dining main bar, dining
visual/acoustic general visual/acoustic
lighting, ambient general lighting, ambient easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Private Tasting Rooms Private
3 Tasting 250
Rooms 3
750 250 750 lounge seating, table lounge seating, table A A
intimate, ambient intimate, ambient
area privacyarea mood privacy
lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
kitchen, small kitchen, small easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Storage- Large 1Storage- Large
200 1
200 200 200 visual privacy visuallighting
general privacy general lighting
- - - -- -
storage storage sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
kitchen, large kitchen, large Privacy (visual or easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable, Acoustic Criteria
Storage- Small 2Storage- Small
100 2
200 100 200 Privacy (visual or
visual privacy visuallighting
general privacy general lighting
- - Acoustic
-
Criteria
-- -
Room Name QtyRoom Name
S.F Each Qty S.F.
Total S.F Each
Adjacencies storage
storageTotal S.F. acoustic)
Adjacencies acoustic)
Lighting Lighting
Furniture/Equipment Furniture/Equipment
sustainable, fire rated
Finishes/Materials sustainable,
(A,B,C) fire rated
Finishes/Materials (A,B,C)
Perception Perception
Remarks Remarks
reception, coat visual/acoustic visual/acoustic
reception, coatnatural light, general natural light, general easy to
easy to clean, durable, easy
clean, durable, easy to
to clean,
clean, durable,
durable,
Employee Lounge
Vestibule Employee
1 Lounge
150
1 Vestibule
150 1
150
1
150 150
150 kitchen 150
150 - kitchen general lighting
- general lighting
kitchenette,
benches table, seatingkitchenette,
for waiting benches table, seating
for waiting -
B relaxing,
inviting, -welcominginviting,
warm,friendly
B relaxing,
warm,friendly
welcoming
check privacycheck privacy
lighting, lighting, sustainable, fire rated
sustainable, fire rated sustainable,
sustainable, fire
fire rated
rated
easy easy
easy to
to clean,
clean, durable,
Janitor's Closet 2 vestibule,
75 storagecoat150 vestibule,
storagecoatnatural light,
visual general natural light, general easy toto clean,
clean, durable,
durable, durable,
Janitor's Closet
Reception 2
1 Reception 75
100 150
1
100 100 100 visual -privacy general -privacy
lighting general lighting
host -stand host -stand -
A
sustainable,
-A
inviting, warm,
- -
welcominginviting, warm, welcoming
check check lighting, lighting, sustainable,
sustainable, fire rated
fire rated sustainable, fire rated
fire rated
mech room, data mech room, data easy to clean,
easy to clean, durable,
durable, easy
easy to
to clean,
clean, durable,
durable,
Electrical Room
Coat Check Electrical
1
1 Room
Coat Check 50
100 1
150
100 50
100
reception, 50
100
vestibule visual -privacy
reception, visuallighting
general
vestibulegeneral -privacy
lighting general
coatlighting
general -racks
lighting coat -racks -
A -A
- - -
-
closet closet sustainable,
sustainable, fire rated
fire rated sustainable,
sustainable, fire
fire rated
rated
electrical room, data electrical room, data bar height chairs, wine bar height chairs, wine
easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Mechanical Room Mechanical
1 Room
75 175 dining
75 area, lounge 75 dining
visual area, lounge
privacy general lighting, ambient general
visuallighting
general privacy lighting,
general - ambient
lighting easy to clean,
- durable, easy to clean,
- durable,
vibrant, conducive
-C- for vibrant, conducive
- for
Main Bar 1 Main Bar2500 1
2500 2500 closet 2500 - closet - displays, cash register, displays, cash register,
sustainable, fire rated C
sustainable, fire rated
seating seating mood lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire ratedsocialization, exciting socialization, exciting
sink, bar dispenser sink, bar dispenser
mech room, mech room, easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Data Closet 1 Data Closet
50 150 50 50 visual privacy general lighting,
general ambient general
visuallighting
privacy lighting,
general - ambient
lighting -
easy to clean, durable, easy to clean,
- durable, --
vibrant, conducive for vibrant, conducive
- for
Dining Area 2 Dining Area
2000 2
4000 2000
main 4000
bar, kitchen
electrical room main
- bar, kitchen
electrical room - tables, chairs tables, chairs
sustainable, fire rated sustainable,
C fire rated C
mood lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire ratedsocialization, exciting socialization, exciting
security monitors, desk, security
easy monitors,
to desk,
clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Security Office Security Office
1 75 175 dining
75 area,
reception, main
75
vestibule dining area,
reception,
visual privacy main
general
vestibule lighting, ambient general
visuallighting
general privacy lighting,
general ambient
lighting easy to clean, durable, easy to clean,
- durable,
relaxed, intimate,
-B- laid- relaxed, intimate,
- laid-
Lounge Seating Lounge Seating
2 1000 2
2000 1000 2000 acoustic privacy acoustic privacy lounge chairs
chairs, tables lounge chairs, fire
chairs
sustainable, tables
rated B
sustainable, fire rated
bar bar mood lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated back back
main work surface, work surface,
dishwashers, dishwashers,
main bar,
main bar, dining
dining main bar,
bar, dining
visual/acoustic
visual/acoustic dining visual/acoustic
visual/acoustic
general lighting, task water closets,
general lighting, taskhandwater
sinks, closets,
easy
easy to
to
sinks,
clean,
clean,
hand
durable,
durable,
easy to clean, durable,
easy to clean, durable,
Toilet Rooms
Kitchen 4Toilet
1
Rooms
Kitchen 80
2000
4
320
1
2000
80
2000 320
2000 general lighting general
ovens,
lighting ovens, equipment storage, C
A -
-A
C -
-
area
area privacyarea
privacy area privacy
privacy
lighting dryers, equipment
lighting
storage,dryers,
waste receptacles waste receptacles
sustainable,
sustainable, fire
fire rated
rated
sustainable, fire rated
sustainable, fire rated
shelves, casework shelves, casework
main bar, dining
TOTAL: main bar, dining refrigeration system, winerefrigeration system,
easy to clean, wine
durable, easy to clean, durable,
Wine Storage TOTAL:
2Wine Storage500 13870
2
1000 500 13870
1000 visual privacy visuallighting
general privacy general lighting A A
intimate, ambient intimate, ambient
area area racks racks fire rated
sustainable, sustainable, fire rated
Acoustic Criteria: Absorb,Acoustic Criteria: Absorb, Block, Cover
Block, Cover
main bar, dining main bar, dining
visual/acoustic general visual/acoustic
lighting, ambient general lighting, ambient easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Private Tasting Rooms Private3 Tasting 250Rooms 3
750 250 750 lounge seating, table lounge seating, table A A
intimate, ambient intimate, ambient
area privacyarea mood privacy
lighting mood lighting sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
kitchen, small kitchen, small easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Storage- Large 1Storage- Large
200 1
200 200 200 visual privacy visuallighting
general privacy general lighting
- - - - - -
storage storage sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
kitchen, large kitchen, large easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Storage- Small 2Storage- Small
100 2
200 100 200 visual privacy visuallighting
general privacy general lighting
- - - - - -
storage storage sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
visual/acoustic visual/acoustic easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
Employee Lounge Employee
1 Lounge
150 1
150 150 kitchen 150 kitchen general lighting general lighting
kitchenette, table, seatingkitchenette, table, seating - -
relaxing, friendly relaxing, friendly
privacy privacy sustainable, fire rated sustainable, fire rated
easy to clean, durable, easy to clean, durable,
 8
building analysis, code, regulations, & standards
 introduction:
Choosing the appropriate
building for a project is
imperative for the success
of the overall experience.
However, the building must
be analyzed to understand its
existing conditions. The codes
and regulations of the city must
be understood in order to
design a space that is safe and
complies with the standards set
in place.

IMAGE 1
 building analysis:

Located at 1728 14th Street NW, the proposed

building is a mixed-use commercial space
that sits at street level with other buildings of
the same use. Bonstra and Haresign Architect
group designed the 30,588 square foot space
in 2014.1 The building is an example of
contemporary architecture that pulls elements
from the surrounding community. A masonry and
glass faade connects the modern architecture
to the rest of historical buildings that sit next to it.
Three vertical steel columns line the front and pay
homage to the original three structures that stood
there before. The structural system is made of
steel beams and columns. It stands four stories
tall with the bottom two floors currently being used
for retail and commercial space occupying the top
two floors.

IMAGE 2
 sustainability:

Sustainable design principles are

integrated in the design of the building.
A large span of glass windows in the front
of the building allows for natural sunlight
to come in during the day, cutting out the
need for some artificial lighting. Bonstra
and Haresign Architects also use general
sustainable practices in all their designs.
Ultimately the greenest building is one
that satisfies the lifestyles of its occupants,
is adaptable to changing human needs,
and one that society cherishes, embraces,
maintains and ultimately preserves.2

IMAGE 3
IMAGE 5
project data:
Project Name: 1728 Fourteenth Street
Address: 1728 Fourteenth Street, NW,
Washington, DC
Date of Completion: 2014
Number of Stories: 4
Number of Stories Used: 3
Total Gross Square Feet: 30,588
Total Used: 20,000
applicable building code information:
Zoning Ordinance: District of Columbia
Fire Code: 2013 District of Columbia
Fire Code
Building Code and Date: 2013 District
of Columbia Building Code
Energy Code: 2013 District of Columbia
Energy Conservation Code
Use group classification:
A-2
MEANS OF EGRESS:
Sprinklered
Dead End Limit: 20
Minimum Corridor Width: 44 inches
Number of Exits: 3
Exit Access Travel Distance: 250 ft
OCCUPANCY LOADS:
Seating Areas:
Gross Sq Ft: 13,000 S.F.
S.F./Occupant: 15 net
Number of Occupants: 866.66 occupants
Storage:
Gross Sq Ft: 500 S.F.
S.F./Occupant: 300 gross
Number of Occupants: 1.66 occupants
Kitchen:
Gross Sq. Ft: 1,500 S.F.
S.F./Occupant: 200 gross
Number of Occupants: 7.5 occupants
Total Occupants: 875.82
Circulation Space: 4,000 S.F.
SANITATION:
Male/Female Split: 438 for each
WC Male: 3
WC Female: 6
Urinals Male: 3
Lavatories Male: 3
Lavatories Female: 3
Drinking Fountains: 2
Service Sinks: 1
FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS:
Fire Exit Enclosures: 2 hours
Shafts and Elevator Hoistways: 2 hours
Tenant Space Separations: 2 hours
Smoke Barriers: 30 minutes
Corridor Fire-Resistance Rating: 0 hours
Incidental Use Areas:
Refrigerant Machinery Room: 1 hour or
provide automatic sprinkler system
Storage Rooms over 100 Sq Ft: 1 hour or
provide automatic fire extinguishing system
 9
project summary & conclusions
 research:
Thorough research over the course of six months has
revealed valuable information that will be utilized when
designing the proposed wine bar. Case studies and
in-person interviews have shown the needs of all users
involved. Visiting examples of wine bars and talking
to the people who work there provided insight to the
inner workings of this type of project. Understanding
the spaces involved in a wine bar allowed for an
accurate program to be developed which will aid
in the future design process. A large part of the
research was reviewing codes and standards within
a restaurant setting. Becoming knowledgeable in the
codes ahead of time will allow the design to remain
safe and effective for all of its users. Along these lines,
is imperative for the designer to choose appropriate
lighting, materiality, and colors that affect everything
in the space positively. Lastly, understanding the
demographics of users of a wine bar is necessary to
creating a space that the community feels comfortable
in and will enjoy using.

IMAGE 1
 relevancy:

The information and research that

was gathered is of high relevancy and
reliability. All sources are scholarly
and were checked amongst each other
to confirm validity. When designing
the proposed wine bar, the research
will act as a guide and will be heavily
relied on to make decisions throughout
the process. The proposed wine bar
will incorporate all the gathered vital
material into one cohesive project for
the community to enjoy.

IMAGE 2
 Accept what life offers you and
try to drink from every cup. All
wines should be tasted; some
should only be sipped, but with
others, drink the whole bottle.
-Paulo Coelho

IMAGE 3
 10
bibliography and appendix
citations
SECTION 1 SECTION 3.1 SECTION 3.3 SECTION 3.4
TEXT IMAGES TEXT TEXT
1
Olsen, Janeen. An Exploratory Study into Wine Drinking in Bars, Pubs And Nightclubs in Image 1. Autograph Exterior. Digital Image. Autograph Brasserie. Accessed September 10, 1
Media Release - ABS releases measures of socio-economic advantage and 1
Whisky Bar / jbmn architectes. ArchDaily. June 22, 2017. Accessed October 03, 2017.
the United States. Academy of Wine Business. July 2008. Accessed August 2017. 2017. http://www.autographbrasserie.com/cmsAdmin/uploads/cgp_5351.jpg disadvantage (Media Release). Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Government. 2
Stephens, Regan. New whiskey bar in Paris serves over 1000 whiskeys. Lonely Planet
2
Oakland, Mandy. Heres What Happens When You Drink Red Wine Every Night. Time. Image 2. Halkin, Barry. Autograph Lobby. Halkin Mason Photography. May 12, 2016. Accessed September 26, 2017. News. February 08, 2017. Accessed October 03, 2017.
October 12, 2015. Accessed August 27, 2017. Image 3. Halkin, Barry. Autograph Bar. Halkin Mason Photography. May 12, 2016. 2
LAVA. LAVA LABORATORY FOR VISIONARY ARCHITECTURE. Accessed September 3
Whisky Bar / jbmn architectes. ArchDaily. June 22, 2017. Accessed October 03, 2017.
3
Perez, Chris. Millennials are ruining the American wine industry. New York Post. January Image 4. Autograph Garden Room. Digital Image. Autograph Brasserie. 26, 2017. 4
Lieberman, Sara. The Bar in Paris Where You Can Try the Worlds Most Expensive
21, 2016. Accessed August 28, 2017. Accessed September 10, 2017. http://www.autographbrasserie.com/cmsAdmin/ 3
LAVA. LAVA LABORATORY FOR VISIONARY ARCHITECTURE. Accessed September Whiskey. GQ. June 05, 2017. Accessed October 03, 2017.
4
Olsen, Janeen. An Exploratory Study into Wine Drinking in Bars, Pubs And Nightclubs in uploads/3600x2403.jpg 26, 2017. 5
Golden Promise whisky bar opens inside a Parisian archway. The Spaces. February
the United States. Academy of Wine Business. July 2008. Accessed August 2017. Image 5. Halkin, Barry. Autograph Chandelier. Halkin Mason Photography. May 12, 2016. 4
DRIVENxDESIGN. Olio Kensington Restaurant. DRIVENxDESIGN. Accessed September 01, 2017. Accessed October 03, 2017.
Image 6. Halkin, Barry. Garden Room Tree. Halkin Mason Photography. May 12, 2016. 26, 2017. 6
Stephens, Regan. New whiskey bar in Paris serves over 1000 whiskeys. Lonely Planet
Image 7. Autograph Stairway. Personal Photograph by Samantha Schwartz. August 18, 5
Ibid. News. February 08, 2017. Accessed October 03, 2017.
IMAGES 2017. 6
LAVA. LAVA LABORATORY FOR VISIONARY ARCHITECTURE. Accessed September 7
Ibid.
Image 1. Wine in Tuscany. Personal Photograph by Samantha Schwartz. October 1, 2016. Image 8. Filled Glasses. Digital Image. Philly Magazine. Accessed September 10, 2017. 26, 2017.
Image 2. Wine in NYC. Digital Image. Timeout. Accessed August 28, 2017. https://www. http://www.philly.com/philly/blogs/the-insider/Autograph-A-signature-restaurant-for-the- 7
Ibid.
timeout.com/usa/bars/best-wine-bars-in-america Main-Line.html?photo_13 8
DRIVENxDESIGN. Olio Kensington Restaurant. DRIVENxDESIGN. Accessed September IMAGES
Image 3. Cantina Gattavecchi. Personal Photograph by Samantha Schwartz. October 1, Image 9. Halkin, Barry. Lobby Chandelier. Halkin Mason Photography. May 12, 2016. 26, 2017. Image 1. Deret, Yann. Golden Promise. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
2016. Image 10. Halkin, Barry. Autograph Walkway. Halkin Mason Photography. May 12, 2016. thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
9
Ibid.
Image 4. DOC Wine Bar. Digital Image. 4 Starr Restaurant Group. Accessed August 28, Image 2. Deret, Yann. Bartender. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
2017. http://www.4starrestaurantgroup.com/restaurants/doc-wine-bar.php thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
Image 5. Colorful Grapes. Digital Image. Gardening Know How. Accessed August 28, IMAGES Image 3. Deret, Yann. Pointing to Whiskey. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017.
2017. https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/grapes/thinning-grapes.htm SECTION 3.2 Image 1. Low, Kimberly. Olio Entrance. Broadsheet Sydney. Accessed September 26, https://thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
Image 6. Charcuterrie. Digital Image. 4 Starr Restaurant Group. Accessed August 28, IMAGES 2017. https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/restaurants/olio-kensington-street Image 4. Deret, Yann. Pink Room. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
2017. http://www.4starrestaurantgroup.com/restaurants/doc-wine-bar.php Image 1. Hendrix, Jessica. Twisted Tail Exterior. Jessica Hendrix Photography. August 18, Image 2. Olio Interior. Digital Image. Lava. Accessed September 26, 2017. https://www.l- thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
Image 7. Summer Rose. Digital Image. Punch Drink. Accessed August 28, 2017. http:// 2015. a-v-a.net/projects/olio-restaurant/ Image 5. Deret, Yann. Whiskey Display. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
punchdrink.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Article-Best-Summer-Rose-Wine-2017- Image 2. Downstairs Bar. Digital Image. Party Space. Accessed September 19, 2017. Image 3. Low, Kimberly. Arch Window. Broadsheet Sydney. Accessed September 26, thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
1200x0-c-default.jpg https://partyspace.com/images/providers/Twisted%20Tail%20DownstairsBar2.jpg 2017. https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/restaurants/olio-kensington-street Image 6. Deret, Yann. Gray Lounge. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
Image 3. Juke Joint Tables. Digital Image. The Twisted Tail. Accessed September 19, Image 4. Low, Kimberly. Green Ceiling. Broadsheet Sydney. Accessed September 26, thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
2017. http://thetwistedtail.com/gallery/ 2017. https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/restaurants/olio-kensington-street Image 7. Deret, Yann. Cross Bar. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
SECTION 2 Image 4. Hendrix, Jessica. Clubroom. Jessica Hendrix Photography. August 18, 2015. Image 5. Low, Kimberly. Table Setting. Broadsheet Sydney. Accessed September 26, thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
Image 5. Hendrix, Jessica. Clubroom 2. Jessica Hendrix Photography. August 18, 2015. 2017. https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/restaurants/olio-kensington-street Image 8. Deret, Yann. Mystery Door. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
TEXT Image 6. Bar. Digital Image. Lava. Accessed September 26, 2017. https://www.l-a-v-a. thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
1
Varriano, John L. Wine: a cultural history. London: Reaktion, 2011. Image 6. Hendrix, Jessica. Decorated Table. Jessica Hendrix Photography. August 18,
2015. net/projects/olio-restaurant/ Image 9. Deret, Yann. Glowing Display. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
2
Ibid. Image 7. Low, Kimberly. Oil Display. Broadsheet Sydney. Accessed September 26, 2017.
Image 7. Hendrix, Jessica. Rope Lighting. Jessica Hendrix Photography. August 18, 2015. thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
3
Tattersall, Ian, Rob DeSalle, and Patricia Wynne. 2015. A Natural History of Wine. New https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/restaurants/olio-kensington-street
Image 8. Downstairs Lounge. Digital Image. The Twisted Tail. Accessed September 19, Image 10. Deret, Yann. Pink Shelves. The Spaces. Accessed October 03, 2017. https://
Haven: Yale University Press, 2015. eBook Collection Image 8. Low, Kimberly. Table Place. Broadsheet Sydney. Accessed September 26, 2017.
2017. http://thetwistedtail.com/gallery/ thespaces.com/2017/02/01/golden-promise-whisky-bar-paris/
4
Ibid. https://www.broadsheet.com.au/sydney/restaurants/olio-kensington-street
5
Varriano, John L. Wine: a cultural history. London: Reaktion, 2011. Image 9. Drink Stand. Digital Image. The Twisted Tail. Accessed September 19, 2017.
6
Wine and Space : Architectural design for vinotheques, wine bars and shops http://thetwistedtail.com/gallery/
7
Ibid. Image 10. Food Display. Digital Image. The Twisted Tail. Accessed September 19, 2017.
8
Ibid. http://thetwistedtail.com/gallery/
9
Varriano, John L. Wine: a cultural history. London: Reaktion, 2011.
10
Ibid.
11
Tattersall, Ian, Rob DeSalle, and Patricia Wynne. 2015. A Natural History of Wine. New
Haven: Yale University Press, 2015. eBook Collection

IMAGES
Image 1. Purple Grapes. Digital Image. Pexels. Accessed September 3, 2017. https://
www.pexels.com/search/vineyard/
Image 2. Noravank Monastery in Armenia. Jack and Jill Travel. Accessed September 3,
2017. http://jackandjilltravel.com/wine-making-in-areni/
Image 3. Wine Barrels. Digital Image. Shutterstock. Accessed September 3, 2017. https://
www.shutterstock.com/video/search/wine-barrel
Image 4. Dionysus. Digital Image. Greek Boston. Accessed September 3, 2017. http://
www.greekboston.com/culture/mythology/dionysus/
Image 5. City Reflections. Digital Image. Independent Co. Accessed September 3, 2017.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/brexit-wine-prices-rise-quarter-uk-
leave-eu-trade-policy-observatory-a7755051.html
SECTION 4 SECTION 5.1 SECTION 6 SECTION 8
IMAGES TEXT TEXT TEXT
Image 1. Seating Heights. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https://i. 1
Baraban, Regina S., and Joseph F. Durocher. Successful restaurant design. Hoboken, 1
QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts selected: District of Columbia. Accessed 1
1728 Fourteenth Street, NW - Bonstra | Haresign Architects. Bonstra Haresign
pinimg.com/736x/88/1c/32/881c32ab987ae56a23b06d2b814d3990--bar-stool- NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2010. November 05, 2017. Architects 1728 Fourteenth Street NW Comments. Accessed November 17, 2017.
height-chair-height.jpg 2
Ibid. 2
Ibid. 2
Ibid.
Image 2. Table Dimensions. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https:// 3
Ibid. 3
Ibid.
www.pinterest.com/pin/500321839824215236/ 4
Ibid. 4
Capitol Hill Neoclassical Architecture. Architect of the Capitol | United States Capitol.
Image 3. Different Tables. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https://i. 5
Ibid. Accessed November 05, 2017.
IMAGES
Image 1. West Elm Building. Digital Image. Bonstra Haresign Architects. Accessed
pinimg.com/originals/c1/90/bc/c190bc80806885f6db2141bd87157039.jpg 6
Ibid. 5
Craven, Jackie. Exploring the Architecture of Washington, DC. ThoughtCo. Accessed
November 17, 2017. http://www.bonstra.com/1728-14th-street/
Image 4. Table Layouts. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https:// 7
Ibid. November 05, 2017.
Image 2. Structure. Digital Image. Bonstra Haresign Architects. Accessed November 5,
www.pinterest.com/pin/409827634820032974/ 8
Ibid.
6
Data, US Climate. Temperature - Precipitation - Sunshine - Snowfall. Climate
2017. http://www.bonstra.com/1728-14th-street/
Image 5. Table Layouts. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https:// Washington - District of Columbia and Weather averages Washington. Accessed
Image 3. Exterior v. Interior. Digital Image. Bonstra Haresign Architects. Accessed
www.pinterest.com/pin/409827634820032974/ November 05, 2017.
Image 6. Personal Space. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https://
IMAGES 7
Gut, Paul, and Dieter Ackerknecht. Climate responsive building: appropriate building
November 5, 2017. http://www.bonstra.com/1728-14th-street/
Image 1. Brentford. Digital Image. Gessato. March 19, 2015. https://www.gessato.com/ Image 4.
upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Personal_Space.svg/2000px- construction in tropical and subtropical regions. St. Gallen, Switzerland: SKAT, 1993.
grzywinskipons-add-oomph-to-languid-structures/grzywinski-pons-urban-villa-london-0/
Personal_Space.svg.png 8
Ibid.
Image 2. Wang, Sasha. La Menagere. Digital Image. November 4, 2015. https://
Image 7. Light Temperatures. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. 9
Data, US Climate. Temperature - Precipitation - Sunshine - Snowfall. Climate
staialborgo.com/2015/11/04/sunday-brunch-in-florence-la-menagere/
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/64/c4/1f/64c41f3b7ca59dd183f8927662c4295f.jpg Washington - District of Columbia and Weather averages Washington. Accessed
Image 8. Direct Lighting. Digital Image. My Sky is the Limit. Accessed October 10, 2017.
Image 3. Barrel Ceiling. Digitial Image. Archilovers. July 1, 2016. http://www.archilovers.
November 05, 2017. SECTION 9
com/projects/186607?utm_source=lov&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=lov_news
https://myskyisthelimit.wordpress.com/category/lighting/ 10
Logan Circle. Washington.org. August 10, 2017. Accessed November 05, 2017. IMAGES
Image 4. Wine Barrels. Digital Image. Archilovers. July 1, 2016. http://www.archilovers.
Image 9. Natural Light. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https://i. https://washington.org/dc-neighborhoods/logan-circle. Image 1. Open Books. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed November 28, 2017. https://i.
com/projects/186607?utm_source=lov&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=lov_news
pinimg.com/736x/87/93/7a/87937a7e877a96dd00315fe5cdd4b094--luz-natural- 11
Hoffer, Audrey. Neighborhood profile: Logan Circle. The Washington Post. August 09, pinimg.com/originals/48/14/ac/4814ac712d69ada6138f56a1b53cda5f.jpg
Image 5. Lounge Seating. Digital Image. Aldo Sohm Wine Bar. Accessed October 17,
natural-light.jpg 2013. Accessed November 05, 2017. Image 2. Wine Bottles. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed Novermber 28, 2017. https://
2017. http://www.aldosohmwinebar.com/gallery
Image 10. Bubble Diagram. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https://i. 12
Ibid. www.pinterest.com/pin/256283035024854728/
Image 6. Hogan, Sarah. Materiality. Digital Image. Sarah Hogan Photography. Accessed
pinimg.com/diagram-design-architecture-diagrams.jpg 13
Breen, Ann, and Dick Rigby. Intown Living: a Different American Dream. Covelo: Island Image 3. Reflections. Digital Image. Smashing Magazine. Accessed November 28, 2017.
October 17, 2017. https://www.sarahhoganphoto.com/decoration/
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http://www.myofficeone.com/architectural-products/sound-management/ 14
Written by Emily Codik, Emma Foehringer Merchant and Jackson Knapp | Published photography/
Image 12. Life Cycle Thinking. Digital Image. Avnir. Accessed October 10, 2017. http:// on August 28, 2015. Neighborhood Guide: Logan Circle and U Street. Washingtonian.
www.avnir.org/EN/ SECTION 5.2 November 16, 2015. Accessed November 05, 2017.
Image 13. Color Wayfinding. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. https:// 15
Ibid.
www.pinterest.com/pin/298011700320147086/ TEXT 16
Logan Circle. Washington.org. August 10, 2017. Accessed November 05, 2017. FRONT AND BACK COVER
Image 14. Vertical Navigation. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017.
1
Baraban, Regina S., and Joseph F. Durocher. Successful restaurant design. Hoboken, 17
Abrams, Amanda. In D.C., a Streets Grit Gives Way to Glamour. The New York Times. IMAGES
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/511369732673079420/ NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2010. May 01, 2012. Accessed November 05, 2017.
2
Ibid.
Front. Weidner, Bev. Rose Party. Digital Image. Bev Cooks. October 13, 2016.
Image 15. Wheelchair Access. Digital Image. Pinterest. Accessed October 10, 2017. 18
Shin, Annys. Gentrification in overdrive on 14th Street. The Washington Post. July 21, http://bevcooks.com/2016/10/host-rose-wine-tasting-party/
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/84512930484078304/
3
Ibid. 2013. Accessed November 05, 2017.
4
Ibid. Back. Corks. Digital Image. Daily JStor. Accessed November 28, 2017. https://
Image 16. Accessible Route. Digital Image. Adata. Accessed October 10, 2017. https:// 19
Official Zoning Map. DCOZ. Accessed November 05, 2017.
adata.org/sites/adata.org/files/images/f1_tif.png
5
Ibid. daily.jstor.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/cork_1050x700.jpg
6
Ibid.
7
Ibid. IMAGES
SECTION 5.3 8
Reed, Ron. Color design: transforming interior space. New York: Fairchild Books, an Image 1. West Elm Building. Digital Image. Bonstra Haresign Architects. Accessed
imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Inc., 2017. November 5, 2017. http://www.bonstra.com/1728-14th-street/
TEXT 9
Ibid. Image 2. Cherry Blossoms. Digital Image. Bright Cove. Accessed November 5, 2017.
1
Whitbourne, Susan Krauss. The importance of vacations to our physical and mental 10
Ibid. https://brightcove04pmdo-a.akamaihd.
health. Psychology Today. June 22, 2010. Accessed October 24, 2017. Image 3. Capitol Hill. Digital Image. Media Beam. Accessed November 5, 2017. http://
11
Ibid.
2
Ibid. media.beam.usnews.com/dcbustour-editorial.jpg
3
Ibid. Image 4. Logan Circle. Digital Image. Photonet. Accessed November 5, 2017. https://
4
Anderson, Nicole. The Health Benefits of Socializing. Psychology Today. June 30, IMAGES photonet.hotpads.com/search/listingPhoto/Postlets/large.jpg
2016. Accessed October 24, 2017. Image 1. Klos, Rafal. Full Bar. Digital Image. Design Boom. August 2, 2016. https:// Image 5. Le Diplomate. Digital Image. The Washington Post. Accessed November 5, 2017.
5
Umberson, Debra, and Jennifer Karas Montez. Social Relationships and Health: A www.designboom.com/architecture/projekt-praga-perlowa-beerhouse-lublin- https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_1484w/2010-2019/
Flashpoint for Health Policy. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. poland-08-02-2016/
6
Olsen, Janeen. An Exploratory Study into Wine Drinking in Bars, Pubs And Nightclubs Image 2. La Glace Pasteries. Personal Photograph by Samantha Schwartz. May 16, 2016.
in the United States. 4th International Conference of the Academy of Wine Business Image 3. Masi, Catherine. Sketch Gallery. Digital Image. Catherine Masi Blog. February 27,
Research, July 17, 2008. 2017. http://shopcatherinemasi.com/prettiest-london-restaurant-sketch-gallery/
Image 4. Restaurante Otto. Digital Image. Revistaad. Accessed October 22, 2017. http://
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IMAGES Image 5. Rouge Collection. Digital Image. Tono + Co. Accessed October 22, 2017.
Image 1. Messy Desk. Digital Image. Huffington Post. Accessed October 24, 2017. https://tono-co.myshopify.com/collections/ribbons/products/rouge-collection
https://s-i.huffpost.com/gen/2573758/images/o-MESSY-DESK-facebook.jpg
Image 2. Socializing. Digital Image. Irreverentgent. Accessed October 24, 2017. https://
www.irreverentgent.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/How-to-Get-Better-at-
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Image 3. Hibbs, Monika. Yes Way Rose. Digital Image. Monika Hibbs Blog. June 10,
2016. http://www.monikahibbs.com/yes-way-rose/
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 appendix capstone committe
Cocker, Evanne. Interview with Evanne- Lisa Phillips
General Manager. Interview by Samantha Associate Professor at Jefferson
Schwartz. August 15, 2017. Capstone Research and Programming
4201 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19144
Leo, Christian. Interview with Christian- General phillipsl@mail.philau.edu
Manager. Interview by Samantha Schwartz.
August 12, 2017. Martha Aez
Associate Professor at Jefferson
Interior Design Capstone Studio
4201 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19144
anezm@mail.philau.edu

Victoria Wetzelberger
Hospitality Interior Designer
Capstone Advisor
707 Matsonford Road, Villanova, PA 19085
(443) 523-0118

Jeff Hettinger
Restaurant Owner and Entrepreneur
Capstone Advisor
5311 Perkiomen Avenue, Reading, PA 19606
(610) 478-0373