Mathematics Fundamentals

Exponent Rules

Examples:

Definition of law of signs

1. 1 : a rule in algebra: the product or the quotient of two numbers of like sign is positive
2. 2 : a rule in algebra: the product or the quotient of two numbers of unlike sign is negativ
Operations of Signed Numbers/Integers (rules with add/sub/mult/div)
Addition & Subtraction

1. Same (like) signs ADD and KEEP that sign.

2. Different (unlike) signs SUBTRACT and KEEP sign of the larger absolute value.

Examples:

Same sign. Add and keep the sign.

Different signs. Subtract and keep the sign of the larger absolute value.

Different signs. Subtract and keep the sign of the larger absolute value.

Same signs. Add keep the sign.

Multiplication and Division of Integers

1. Multiply or divide, if the signs are same (like) the sign of the product or quotient will be positive.
2. Multiply or divide, if the signs are different (unlike) the sign of the product or quotient will be negative.

Examples:

Same signs. The sign is positive.

Same signs. The sign is positive.

Different signs. The sign is negative

Same signs. The sign is positive.

Different signs. The sign is negative

Same signs. The sign is positive.

 Operations with Fractions and Decimals Add/Sub/Mult/Div
Multiplication rules

1. Put all MIXED NUMBERS in IMPROPER FORM.

2. Reduce all fractions before multiplying
3. Multiply the numerator times the numerator and the denominator times the denominator.

To Multiply decimals numbers:

Multiply the numbers, then count the number of decimal places.

Division rules

1. CHANGE division sign to a multiplication sign.

2. Write the RECIPROCAL of the divisor (2nd number).
3. Follow the multiplication rules.

To DIVIDE decimal numbers:

1. Move the decimal point in the divisor so that it becomes a whole number.

2. Move the decimal point in the dividend the same number of places to the right

3. Divide as if working with whole numbers. Write the decimal point in the answer
directly above the decimal point in the dividend.
 Addition and subtraction rules

1. Must have a common denominator

2. Add or subtract numerators only
3. Denominator remains the same
4. Reduce to lowest terms
5. When adding or subtracting mixed numbers

a. Add or subtract whole numbers

b. With addition and subtraction extra step (carrying or borrowing) may be needed

c. Answers must always be in lowest terms

Examples:
 Examples:

Add the following numbers: 2.046, 0.658 and 1.39.

Line up the decimals, fill in any needed zero, and add the columns.

Subtract the following numbers: 10.8 - 3.52

Line up the decimals, fill in any needed zeros and subtract the columns.

Calculations using Scientific Notation

Order of Operations, calculations using Percents
1. Always operate within grouping symbols-- parentheses, brackets, braces, division bar.

2. Exponets and roots.

3. Multiplication/ Division in order from LEFT to RIGHT.

4. Addition/Subtraction in order from LEFT to RIGHT.

Example:

Add inside the parentheses.

Do the exponents.
Multiply
Subtract
48 Answer

Percent word Problems