SPRAY GUIDED D-I SYSTEM

In the case of the spray-guided SIDI engines, both combustion-efficiency losses and
combustion phasing losses are lower, there is a significant improvement from the result of the
fuel economy of the spray-guided system. As an advantage, the injector is located nearby the
spark plug, so that combustion phasing is less advanced than the corresponding wall-guided
system. Thus its combustion phasing is more optimal, the piston bowl contain more fuel, which
ensures the lower hydrocarbon produced by the engine and the engine combustion is more
efficient, thus requires a piston with shallower and simpler design, with a lower surface area
piston design and a less or no in-cylinder air motion.

Frohlich and Borgmann has demonstrated that a vehicle powered by an engine using a spray-
guided combustion system with piezo-electric injectors could potentially save more on fuel-
economy with 20% over a corresponding vehicle powered by a standard PFI engine, spray-
guided, SIDI engine employing multi-hole injectors. In this combustion system, which was
dubbed vortex-induced stratification combustion (VISC), the optimum ignition location of the
spark plug is in the recirculation zone outside of the fuel spray, which could avoid the spark
plug getting wet by the fuel. Besides to the expected behavior of spray guided systems, they
found that increasing the in cylinder swirl ratio to about 1.5 resulted has provide combustion
with more stability and efficiency, and the fuel consumption has reduced and eliminated of
misfires (based on 300 cycles) [1].

The spray-guided SIDI engine had reduced 18% of fuel consumption in comparison to a
baseline PFI engine, and a 6% reduction in comparison to a wall-guided SIDI engine, over a
simulated steady-state test cycle, which neglects cold starts and transients. The result is
reductions of 11.2% in Net indicated Specific Fuel Consumptions (NSFC) and 60% in
Hydrocarbon (HC) [2] of the tested comparisons of the spray-guided engine to the wall-guided
engine in load condition.

Based on the results of the above studies, it is clear that the spray-guided SIDI combustion
system has a fuel-economy advantage over the corresponding wall-guided and air-guide
combustion systems, but it has somewhat inferior combustion stability (higher COV of IMEP),
and like the other SIDI systems, produces higher engine-out hydrocarbon (HC) emissions than
PFI spark-ignition engines. A problem potentially would affected the application of the spray-
guided combustion SIDI system, is that the ignition timing range for robust combustion is
relatively narrow. [3]

References
[1] Alex C. Alkidas, 2007, Combustion advancements in gasoline engines

[2] Alex C. Alkidas, 2007, Combustion advancements in gasoline engines

[3] Alex C. Alkidas, 2007, Combustion advancements in gasoline engines