ADAMSON UNIVERSITY

Ermita, Manila

College of Engineering

Chemical Engineering Department

Unit Operations Laboratory 1

Experiment No. 9

DOUBLE PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER

Submitted by:

Dela Guardia, Islie D.

Manabat, John Christian A.

Ruedas, Aina Dennice E.

Tabunan, Teresa Joy G.

Zvi, Jamel R.

Submitted to:

Engr. Rugi Rubi

I. OBJECTIVES

To determine the overall heat transfer coefficient making use of logarithmic mean
temperature deference. From overall heat transfer coefficient, determine the individual film heat
transfer coefficients and verify the Dittus-Boelter equation for turbulent flow heat transfer.

II. INTRODUCTION

Temperature can be characterized as the amount of energy that a substance has. Heat
exchangers are utilized to exchange that energy starting with one substance then onto the next. In
process units it is important to control the temperature of approaching and active streams. These
streams can either be gasses or fluids. Heat exchangers raise or lower the temperature of these
streams by exchanging warmth to or from the stream.

A heat exchanger enables thermal energy to be exchanged proficiently and controllably.

Heat exchangers are gadgets that trade the heat between two liquids of various temperatures that
are isolated by a strong divider. The temperature gradient or the distinctions in temperature
encourage this exchange of warmth. Transfer of heat occurs by three standard means: radiation,
conduction and convection. In the utilization of heat exchangers radiation takes place. Be that as
it may, in contrast with conduction and convection, radiation does not assume a noteworthy part.
Conduction happens as the heat from the higher temperature liquid goes through the strong
divider. To maximize the heat transfer, the wall should be thin and made of a very conductive
material. The biggest contribution to heat transfer in a heat exchanger is made through
convection.

The double pipe heat exchanger is one of the least complex sorts of heat exchangers.
Double pipe heat exchangers are closed system heat exchangers comprising of concentric
internal and external channels. Two liquids of various temperatures go through the channels, and
warmth is exchanged from the hot liquid to the cold liquid without blending or direct contact. It
is known as a double pipe heat exchanger since one liquid streams inside a pipe and the other
liquid streams between that pipe and another pipe that encompasses the first. This is a concentric
tube development.
 Stream in a double pipe heat exchanger can be co-current or counter-current. In
concurrent or parallel flow, both fluids travel in the same direction, while in countercurrent, or
counter flow, the fluids flow in opposite directions. Countercurrent flow is more efficient at
transferring energy and has a higher overall heat transfer coefficient. In concurrent flow, the hot
fluid temperature decreases as the cold fluid temperature increases which causes a decrease in
temperature difference between the two fluids. The decrease in temperature difference causes
less heat to be transferred. In countercurrent flow, the difference in temperature of the fluids
across the heat exchanger remains close to constant, which allows for more heat to be
transferred, increasing the efficiency of the system.

III. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS

1. Concentric Pipe Heat Exchanger Apparatus

2. Tap Water

3. Steam

IV. PROCEDURE

1. Preheat the double pipe heat exchanger set up for 5-10 minutes by opening the steam
source valve and closing the water source valve.

2. Take note of the pressure and temperature of the entering steam. Since there is no
valve to close the steam line, the reading in the pressure attached to the system reads zero. The
pressure of the steam can be obtained using the bare pipes set up.

3. Open the water source valve and let it run through the system until the reading in all
the temperature gauges becomes stable.

4. Take note of the temperature readings at the inlet and outlet of the steam line as well as
the inlet and outlet of the water line.
 5. Measure the flow rate of the water by collecting a certain amount at the outlet using a
basin over a period of time.

6. Repeat the procedure for different flow of tap water.

V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

VI. CONCLUSION

The purpose behind the double pipe heat exchanger experiment was to study the effects
of flow direction and rate of flow on a fluid of interest that is being heated or cooled by external
fluids. In this experiment, a mixture of 50% Ethylene Glycol and 50% water was analyzed. Two
trials were performed to examine the changes of inlet and outlet temperatures. The first trial
focused on the heating section, while the second session focused on the cooling section. After
steady state was reached for all fluids, recording and variation of flow rates began. This is the
core of the experiment. By varying the flow rates of the liquids and gases involved, the engineer
can tweak the system to produce the desired results. The first set of data focused on the heating
of ethylene glycol. A larger heat transfer coefficient and heat duty was achieved by either
increasing the flow rate of ethylene glycol or increasing the steam pressure surrounding it.
However, the temperature of the EG mix would rise only with the increasing of the steam
pressure. The temperature of the EG mix decreased with the increasing of EG flow rate, even
though a greater heat transfer was shown. This can be explained through a greater mass flow rate
of EG being able to absorb more heat from the steam with lesser changes in temperature. The
next set of data focused on the cooling of the ethylene glycol mix. The trends found are similar
to those found for the heating section. The heat exchange between fluids increased as their mass
flow rates increased, but a different trend was discovered with the behavior the heat transfer
coefficient. In the cooling section, there was no significant increasing or decreasing in the value
of the heat transfer coefficient as flow rates were varied. This trend may have been observed
partially because of energy loss to the surroundings, as the cooling sections were not insulated as
well as the heating sections. It may also be that this is the correct observed trend for the cooling
section due to the mathematical calculations involving the use of log mean temperature
differences.