GOVERNMENT POLICIES OR PROGRAMS CONCERNING THE

OUT-OF-SCHOOL-YOUTHS OF VALENCIA CITY AND

ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY

APRIL JOY IDULSA OLIVEROS

THIS PAPER IS SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUBJECT OF RESEARCH METHOD

BACHELOR OF ARTS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE III

CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
MARCH 2015
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

In every society, youth plays a very big and important role. Youth is the main

organ of the society. The youth is the one that the government must look up and provide

their needs and protect them. Parents should treat their sons and daughters well and

guides them in every step of their life. Youth in response to their parents and the

government must also protect the country and defend it for the betterment of the

country.

Youth is an experience that may shape an individual's level of dependency,

which can be marked in various ways according to different cultural perspectives.

Personal experience is marked by an individual's cultural norms or traditions, while a

youth's level of dependency means the extent to which they still rely on their family

emotionally and economically.

Since it is the prime duty of the government to protect and serve the people, the

youth which is dominant in the society, a study will be conducted concerning the effects

of the out-of-school-youth nowadays with regards to the policies implemented and to be

implemented by the government. This research paper will determine the effects of the

out-of-school-youths in the society they lived in concerning the policies made by the

government.

As a fellow youth, in the society we lived in, we need to realize that we as the

citizen of this country, we are obliged to make our country better. Help the country rise
and boost its economic world to a progressive one. Especially the youths that is the only

key to ones countrys success.

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The main problem of the study is Government policies concerning the out-of-

school-youth of Valencia City and its effects to the society. The main problem will be

dealing with the following:

1. What are those plans and actions made by the local government of Valencia City

for the out-of-school-youths?

2. Are there any career opportunities or training development for the out-of-school-

youth? If there are, what are those jobs and training developments?

3. Are there any social activities for the youths made by the local government of

Valencia City which the out-of-school-youths can participate? If there are, what

are those social activities?

 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main objective of the study is to know the government policies made and to

be made by the government for the out-of-school-youth of Valencia City, Bukidnon.

This study will also be dealing with its specific objectives.

1. To know the plans and actions made by the local government for the youth

especially the out-of-school-youth of Valencia City, Bukidnon.

2. Is to know if there are any career opportunities or training development for the

out-of-school-youth

3. Are there any social activities for the youths on which the out-of-school-youths

can participate?
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM

This study will help improve and understand the role of the youth in Valencia

City, Bukidnon. By knowing the policies concerning the youth especially the out-of-

school-youths of Valencia City, we can determine its significance to the society they

lived in also, actions of the youth in response to the actions that were taken by the

government. How they apply such actions? On what aspects are they focusing to?

Youth is the main function of the society; people can see how they interact with

each other. How they function for the betterment of the city of Valencia, Bukidnon.

This government policy that 18 years and above can work affects the social life of the

youth because some will be triggered on what kind of job they will have in the future.

And by that many will be practicing work and will have part time jobs. As we can

observe, as long as he/she qualifies, he/she can work even if he/she did not reach the

majority age. But this study will deal with the youth age 15 to 30. But this will depend

on the society we lived in. Culture really matters so as the environment. Some

approaches will be applied to determine the answers of the problems and of the

objectives.
 SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This will cover the whole place of Valencia City, Bukidnon which means that,

all out-ofschool-youths coming from the different barangays of Valencia City.

Valencia is composed of 31 barangays namely: Bagontaas, Banlag, Barobo, Batangan,

Catumbalon, Colonia, Concepcion, Dagat-Kidavao Guinoyuran, Kahapunan, Laligan,

Lilingayon, Lourdes, Lumbayao, Lumbo, Lurogan, Maapag, Mabuhay, Mailag, Mount

Nebo, Nabago, Pinatilan, Poblacion, San Carlos, San Isidro, Sinabuagan, Sinayawan,

Sugod, Tongantongan, Tugaya, and Vintar

 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

Youth Youth is the time of life when one is young, but often means the time between

childhood and adulthood (maturity). It is also defined as "the appearance,

freshness, vigor, spirit, etc., characteristic of one who is young". Its definitions

of a specific age range varies, as youth is not defined chronologically as a stage

that can be tied to specific age ranges; nor can its end point be linked to specific

activities, such as taking unpaid work or having sexual relations.

Training Activity leading to skilled behaviour. Undergo training or instruction in

preparation for a particular role, function, or profession.

Society An extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic

organization and a formal association of people with similar interests.

Government - The system or form by which a community or other political unit is

governed.

Policies A plan of action adopted by an individual or social group.

Social Activities An activity considered appropriate on social occasions.

 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Society defines as an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and

economic organization and a formal association of people with similar interests. In the

book, Youth Rising?: The Politics of Youth in the Global Economy by Mayssoun

Sukarieh, Stuart Tannock, it builds a series of case studies investigating the changing

circumstances of youth, work and education in the global economy. This book

provocatively argues that the rise and spread of global neoliberalism has not only led

youth to become more politically and symbolically salient, but also to expand to

encompass a growing range of ages and individuals of different class, race, ethnic,

national and religious backgrounds.

Many instances are possible for the youth to become inactive in the society they

lived in because of the environment that influenced them. With the influence of the

people around them, many will choose to stop for a while or forever in attending school

and find a job and make a living. Government policies will take place. Existing laws

may affect ones rational choice by making a decision. Individual with more knowledge

about government policies and laws seems to be more practical in making decisions

since they are aware of the existing laws. Republic Act No. 9155, an act instituting a

framework of governance for basic education, establishing authority and accountability,

renaming the department of education, culture and sports as the department of

education, and for other purposes. This Act shall be known as the Governance of Basic

Education Act of 2001. In Sec. 2 the Declaration of Policy states that, It is hereby
declared the policy of the State to protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality

basic education and to make such education accessible to all by providing all Filipino

children a free and compulsory education in the elementary level and free education in

the high school level. Such education shall also include alternative learning systems for

out-of-school youth and adult learners. It shall be the goal of basic education to provide

them with the skills, knowledge and values they need to become caring, self- reliant,

productive and patriotic citizens. And The State shall encourage local initiatives for

improving the quality of basic education. The State shall ensure that the values, needs

and aspirations of a school community are reflected in the program of education for the

children, out-of-school youth and adult learners. Schools and learning centers shall be

empowered to make decisions on what is best for the learners they serve.

Giving the youths an importance by providing them and ensuring their needs

and safety. Youths plays a very big role in the society. Half of the youth who go to

school were having side line job which is good. Because it shows that they help their

family to sustain their needs and also they help the economy grow.

This government policy that 18 years and above can work affects the social life

of the youth because some will be triggered on what kind of job they will have in the

future. And by that many will be practicing work and will have part time jobs. The

Philippine Livelihood Program: The Philippine government provides several programs

to enhance the livelihood of the Filipino people. The department of Science and

Technology through its Technology Research Center (TRC) regularly conducts various

types of hands-on and personalized training programs. Programs like DOST, UPLiFT
stands for Urban Program for Livelihood Finance and Training. DSWD Pro-poor and

Livelihood Programs. In enhancing livelihood, the government must act. Aim to end

Philippine poverty and spread a nation-building movement. Gawad Kalinga (GK)

translated in English means to to give care, and it is an alternative solution to the

blatant problem of poverty not just in the Philippines but in the world. GKs vision for

the Philippines is a slum-free, squatter-free nation through a simple strategy of

providing land for the landless, homes for the homeless, food for the hungry and as a

result providing dignity and peace for every Filipino. What started in 1995 as a daring

initiative by Couples for Christ to rehabilitate juvenile gang members and help out-of-

school youth in Bagong Silang, Caloocan City, then the biggest squatters relocation

area in the Philippines, has now evolved into a movement for nation-building. Together

with its partners, Gawad Kalinga is now in the process of transforming poverty stricken

areas with the goal of building 700,000 homes in 7,000 in 7 years (2003-2010). To date

Gawad Kalinga is in over 900 communities all over the Philippines and in other

developing countries. (Establish link to GK ABROAD, write-ups on GK Communities

outside the Philippines). Gawad Kalinga is more than about building houses for the

poorest of the poor. Providing a decent home is just the beginning of the transformation

of the people and the community (http://sfcbukidnon.page.tl/Gawad-Kalinga.htm).

Some GK sites in Valencia, Bukidnon can be found in these places the GK Paradise,

Sitio Bagontaas, Valencia City, Bukidnon and GK Robinhood, Purok 6, Bagontaas,

Valencia City.
 Inclined with the nationhood-building and reduction of poverty rates, economy

plays a big too. Economy and the government must not interfere with each other but in

boosting the economy, youth plays a big role. Since youth is dominant in the society.

The OSY, by several trainings, government can equipped them to become one of those

professionals.

In BUB PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS, a project will be made for the province

of Bukidnon specifically in the city of Valencia, the SKILLS DEVT PROGRAM FOR

OUT OF SCHOOL YOUTH AND PWDS in the 2014 with the allocated money of

1,600,000.00 Php. The implementing agency was the TECHNICAL EDUCATION

AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY. Given these projects and by

implementing such policies, it can be seen that the youth were given importance by the

government. By providing them their needs, youth can become active in the society

they lived in.

Influenced by many, youth can either be active or inactive. Their social life also

matters since they are the main organ in every society. Social relations among people

greatly influenced one another. Youths who stay in their houses without any work to do

or any simple job just to help their body move, some of them ended up in pushing

drugs, become a drunkard or a computer addict and the worst some become a killer.

An article about Mobile education for 1 million Philippine out-of-school youths

posted in the year 2013 By Kelly Ng, The initiative, called mEducation, aims to provide

these youths - particularly those in underserved areas and geographically isolated

communities - with additional opportunities to access education, including technical

vocational learning, via mobile devices. The National Statistics Office of the

Philippines reported that there were at least 6.24 million out-of-school youths in the

country in 2011. I am happy about the level of collaboration happening in the

mEducation market in the Philippines, commented Mario Deriquito (pictured), DepEd

Undersecretary for Partnerships and External Linkages. From a government

perspective, supporting out-of-school youths is a priority for 2014 and beyond. We

welcome the support that can be facilitated by mobile education because we believe its

a flexible medium that can help us tackle a lot of the challenges we face in the

education and training sector in our country. Given that many of the efforts to assist out-

of-school youths will be localised, mobile technology provides us with a tool that can

help unify and coordinate this work even from a distance. The Philippines has the

potential to lead in mobile-based technical vocational training, said Secretary Joel

Villanueva, Director General, TESDA. Mobile is an ideal vehicle to provide

opportunities for learning and training that would otherwise be inaccessible in a country

with numerous islands, particularly to those young people for whom the cost of

attending classes or training in person is prohibitive. With this collaboration, we believe

that more out-of-school youths will be able to be reintegrated into their communities

through innovative programmes and services designed to support them, helping to

address the issue of young people leaving school early. Mobile technology is uniquely

positioned to help bring education solutions to learners, including out-of-school youths

in the Philippines. The country has a very high adoption of mobile technology and is

known as the SMS capital of the world, with Filipinos sending over 2 billion messages
every day. The mobile penetration rate in the country was 105 per cent by the end of

2012 and the smartphone penetration rate nearly tripled between 2010 and 2011,

growing from 9 per cent to 24 per cent. Never before has such ambitious mEducation

collaboration taken place in the Philippines, involving all three mobile network

operators and two key government agencies. The Asian mEducation market is projected

to reach $6.8 billion by 2017. Initiatives such as this, especially involving multi-

stakeholder partnership, will drive even greater growth and help to accelerate

achievement of the desired objectives for such programmes, said Irene Ng, Head of

Asia, GSMA, one of the partners in the mEducation initiative.

(http://www.futuregov.asia/articles/mobile-education-for-1-million-philippine-out-of-

school-youths). Media greatly affect the youth. It affects every aspect of their life which

reflects them. By making these policies, it can be helpful for the OSY since the country

has the high adoption of technology. Social media is one of the factors that shapes the

youth nowadays.

Social factors affect every individual. Culture really matters. There were some

events that the city will celebrate annually. The Valencia City Fiesta, organized by the

San Agustin Parish, is a Roman Catholic celebration of the feast of St. Augustine. It is

celebrated every 28 August. The City Charter Day is a celebration commemorating the

cityhood of Valencia. It is held annually every 6 January and is organized by the Local

Government Unit of Valencia. The Panlalawaig Ta Pulangui Festival is the celebration

of the waters of Pulangi River, through a fluvial parade. It is celebrated in honor of the

people of Valencia, the river that nourishes the land, and the bamboo raft that
strengthened the bond of the land to its people. The festival is a four-day affair that ends

every second Saturday of January in celebration of its City Charter, homage to its

founders and as a tribute to its hardworking people. The youth especially the out-of-

school-youth can participate to these events. With that, youth can show how dedicated

they are to their city. By showing the interest to those activities, youths can shape their

social life. Social activities celebrated by the city of Valencia annually, everyone can

participate and the youth can carve their own passion.

Aside from the social activities, Valencia City is the center of trade and

commerce in Bukidnon because of its central location in the heart of Mindanao, and of

its fast economic growth. The city is noted for its Valencia Rice, a variety of rice. Some

opportunities in farming were open for the OSY.

Religious sectors also play part. Recently this year, In YWAM Bukidnon

a kind of a Ministry with its base Leaders Jorge and Retchie Silada, It was such a

blessing to connect with Samaritans Purse to bless the kids in our childrens ministry.

As a base we do weekly feeding with the children in the neighborhood. Because of our

partnership with Samaritans Purse, the kids were able to receive shoeboxes this year.

The Sports DTS from YWAM Cebu joined us for an outreach to the mountains where

the western Manobo tribes of Bukidnon live. We were able to minister to their tribe and

tell them the gospel of Jesus Christ. To get involve, first you can Volunteer, Pray, and

Give. Which means you can come as a volunteer staff or a full time staff. Second you

can pray. And lastly you can give. Give Sponsor to a student from the Higaonon tribe,
Sponsor their feeding ministry, Sponsor their ongoing soccer ministry, Give towards

Jun-juns DTS fees, Give towards the purchase of the property for YWAM Bukidnon.

Youth can participate to any religious activities that may help shape their

Christian life and faith to the Lord. By moulding an individual his spiritual life, one

may become a good influence to other people. By participating to such activities, one

can have a good life even without attending school. Yes, education is important

especially that our country has higher standards when it comes to employing a person.

A person with dignity can stand alone but not all the time because no man is an

island. It can be apply to those youths who were not attending school. Because, at first

youth who stays at home tend to prefer spend their time watching TVs, playing video

games, and going out with their peers. Until such time, that theyre tired of doing those

stuffs and to the point that they no longer want to go and move out, that theyd rather

spend their time doing nothing. One may feel useless in the society they lived in.

Parents with out-of-school-youth children must help their child to go out of bed and

encourage him/her to do something new of their life and encourage them to become an

active youth in the society. Giving the youth proper attention not to become useless, and

developing his/her skills by several trainings, he/she can excel to the way he/she wants.

The government must provide the needs of the people and must meet their needs.

By engaging someones life in an activity that could make him/her active and by

making him/her aware of the existing laws, he/she can become a functional youth in the

society.
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study will be conducted with the use of some approaches. The participants

of this study are of course the out-if-school-youths. Some of the approaches were

Rational Choice Theory, Behavioralism Approach, relationship between the structure

and agency, The Place and Social Action.

Rational Choice Theory will be used in conducting this study since it deals with

the perception of the youth to their environment. How they deal with the policies made

by the local government officials of Valencia City. Behavioralism approaches because it

deals with the behaviour of the youth with respect to the policies made. And this

approach is connected to the Relationship of Structure and Agency. The Government as

an Agency and its policies and actions will be the structure and by that we can

determine the effects to the youth and the society. This will matter in the Place and

Social Action of the study of the people living in Valencia City.

This study will be achieved with the use of those approaches.

 LOCALE OF THE STUDY

The location of the study is Valencia City, Bukidnon, Philippines.

Valencia City is located in the central part of the Province of Bukidnon. It is bounded

on the north by the municipality of Lantapan and Malaybalay City; on the east by the

municipality of San Fernando; on the west and southwest by the municipalities of

Pangantucan and Talakag; and on the south by the municipalities of Maramag and

Quezon. From its core, which is the Poblacion, the city is 27 kilometers from the

provincial capital of Malaybalay City and 118 kilometers from the regional center of

Cagayan de Oro City. The means of transportation is by bus and private vehicles and

covers approximately two to three hours ride.The relative distance of the barangay from

the city proper varies: four barangays are more or less 5 kilometers away, 20 barangays

are 6 - 15 kilometers away, while the remaining 7 barangays considered as the most

interior, are situated 16 kilometers or more from the city proper.

 RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The respondents of this study will be the selected out-of-school-youths coming

from the different barangays of Valencia City, Bukidnon. They were selected randomly

regardless of gender, age, and status as long as they were capable of answering the

interview and questionnaire distributed to them. Those selected out-of-school-youths

will be evaluated with the use of interview and questionnaire as to what extent they

think about their society that affects their environment as a youth with regards to the

actions and support that the local government of Valencia City provides them.
 INSTRUMENT USED

The instrument that will be used in this study will be personal interview and

survey questionnaires or the structured instrument. The interview questions will be

conducted personally by the researcher.

The questionnaire is divided into three (3) parts. The first part concerns with the

policies of Valencia City for the youths. The second part concerns with the career or

training developments for the youths especially for the out of school youth. And the

third part concerns with the social activities for the youth.
 BIBILIOGRAPHY

Mayssoun Sukarieh, S. T. (August 27,2014). Education Protest and the Continuing

Extension of Youth. In S. T. Mayssoun Sukarieh, Youth Rising?: The Politics of

Youth in the Global Economy (pp. 134-145). Routledge, 2014.

Republic Act No. 9155. (2001, 08 11). Retrieved from Official Gazette of the Republic

of the Philippines: http://www.gov.ph/2001/08/11/republic-act-no-9155

Ramos, R. C. (2013, September Wednesday). Promoting NBS Awareness through

Hospital-based Strategies. The Official Online Publication of VYLH-Philippines.

Ng, K. (2013, 09 26). Mobile Education for 1 million Philippine out-of-school-youths.

Retrieved from Asia Pacific future Gov:

http://www.futuregov.asia/articles/mobile-education-for-1-million-philippine-

out-of-school-youths

http://www.ywamphilippines.org/ywam-bukidnon-update-january-2015/. (2015,

January 02). YWAM Bukidnon Update.

Retrieved:

http://www.zamboanga.com/z/index.php?title=Valencia_City,_Bukidnon,_Philippines

Retrieved: http://sfcbukidnon.page.tl/Gawad-Kalinga.htm

Retrieved: http://www.openbub.gov.ph/project/661693c7-ea6d-4462-b858-

ccbaa6ed1269