Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
20
NOTES:
1. BOLT TORQUE (Nm) = TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K x BOLT LOAD (kN) x BOLT DIAMETER (mm)
2. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa
3. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa
4. GASKET PRESSURE = 190 MPa
5. BOLT UTILISATION = 40 % OF YIELD STRENGTH
6. FOR FLANGE BOLTING PROCEDURE REFER TO DRAWING NO. 467972
7. WASHERS ARE TO BE USED UNDER EACH NUT FOR STUD BOLT SIZES > 1"
8. GASKET TO HAVE OUTER (CENTERING) AND INNER RINGS
374875755.xls
GASKET PRESSURE RANGE 190 - 190 MPa
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION
2. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION
374875755.xls
TORQUE TABLES FOR ASME B16.5 FLANGES WITH SPIRAL WOUND GASKETS TO ASME B16.20
CLASS 150
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 20 20
BOLT LOAD (kN) 24.0 24.1 31.0 36.0 36.0 57.7 57.7 58.2 52.6 86.1 86.1 103.3 119.4 119.4 156.9 156.9 206.7 206.7 263.3
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 16.0 16.0 20.0 23.0 23.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 43.0 84.0 84.0 100.0 135.0 135.0 203.0 203.0 301.0 301.0 426.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 31.0 31.0 40.0 47.0 47.0 93.0 93.0 94.0 85.0 167.0 167.0 201.0 271.0 271.0 407.0 407.0 602.0 602.0 853.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 52.0 52.0 67.0 78.0 78.0 156.0 156.0 157.0 142.0 279.0 279.0 334.0 451.0 451.0 678.0 678.0 1004.0 1004.0 1421.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 11.0 12.0 15.0 17.0 17.0 34.0 34.0 35.0 31.0 62.0 62.0 74.0 100.0 100.0 150.0 150.0 222.0 222.0 314.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 23.0 23.0 30.0 34.0 34.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 63.0 123.0 123.0 148.0 200.0 200.0 300.0 300.0 444.0 444.0 629.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 38.0 38.0 49.0 57.0 57.0 115.0 115.0 116.0 105.0 206.0 206.0 247.0 333.0 333.0 500.0 500.0 740.0 740.0 1048.0
CLASS 300
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20 24 24 24
BOLT LOAD (kN) 24.0 38.5 42.5 54.0 76.7 48.1 57.4 83.1 86.1 86.1 86.1 119.4 156.9 206.7 137.8 195.0 229.1 260.8 335.4
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 16.0 31.0 34.0 44.0 74.0 39.0 56.0 81.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 135.0 203.0 301.0 201.0 316.0 371.0 422.0 652.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 31.0 62.0 69.0 87.0 149.0 78.0 112.0 162.0 167.0 167.0 167.0 271.0 407.0 602.0 402.0 632.0 742.0 845.0 1303.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 52.0 104.0 115.0 146.0 248.0 130.0 186.0 269.0 279.0 279.0 279.0 451.0 678.0 1004.0 669.0 1053.0 1237.0 1408.0 2172.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 11.0 23.0 25.0 32.0 55.0 29.0 41.0 60.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 100.0 150.0 222.0 148.0 233.0 274.0 311.0 481.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 23.0 46.0 51.0 64.0 110.0 57.0 82.0 119.0 123.0 123.0 123.0 200.0 300.0 444.0 296.0 466.0 547.0 623.0 961.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 38.0 77.0 85.0 107.0 183.0 96.0 137.0 199.0 206.0 206.0 206.0 333.0 500.0 740.0 494.0 776.0 912.0 1038.0 1602.0
CLASS 600
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8 1 5/8 1 7/8
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20 20 24 24
BOLT LOAD (kN) 25.3 38.5 48.4 54.0 76.7 48.9 57.4 83.1 119.4 156.9 156.9 206.7 249.5 256.5 260.1 340.0 447.5 410.9 491.7
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 16.0 31.0 39.0 44.0 74.0 40.0 56.0 81.0 135.0 203.0 203.0 301.0 404.0 415.0 463.0 661.0 942.0 865.0 1194.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 33.0 62.0 78.0 87.0 149.0 79.0 112.0 162.0 271.0 407.0 407.0 602.0 808.0 831.0 927.0 1321.0 1884.0 1730.0 2388.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 55.0 104.0 131.0 146.0 248.0 132.0 186.0 269.0 451.0 678.0 678.0 1004.0 1347.0 1385.0 1545.0 2202.0 3140.0 2883.0 3981.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 12.0 23.0 29.0 32.0 55.0 29.0 41.0 60.0 100.0 150.0 150.0 222.0 298.0 306.0 342.0 487.0 695.0 638.0 881.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 24.0 46.0 58.0 64.0 110.0 58.0 82.0 119.0 200.0 300.0 300.0 444.0 596.0 613.0 683.0 975.0 1390.0 1276.0 1762.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 40.0 77.0 96.0 107.0 183.0 97.0 137.0 199.0 333.0 500.0 500.0 740.0 993.0 1021.0 1139.0 1624.0 2316.0 2127.0 2936.0
CLASS 900
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/2
NO. OF BOLTS 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20 20 20 20
BOLT LOAD (kN) 107.7 152.2 193.1 175.1 220.0 200.7 241.6 263.8 303.7 441.8 435.8 602.7
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 122.0 222.0 313.0 255.0 392.0 357.0 430.0 513.0 639.0 1073.0 1129.0 1952.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 244.0 444.0 625.0 510.0 784.0 715.0 861.0 1025.0 1279.0 2146.0 2258.0 3904.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 407.0 739.0 1042.0 850.0 1306.0 1192.0 1435.0 1709.0 2131.0 3577.0 3763.0 6506.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 90.0 164.0 231.0 188.0 289.0 264.0 317.0 378.0 472.0 791.0 833.0 1440.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 180.0 327.0 461.0 376.0 578.0 527.0 635.0 756.0 943.0 1583.0 1665.0 2879.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 300.0 545.0 769.0 627.0 964.0 879.0 1058.0 1260.0 1572.0 2638.0 2776.0 4799.0
CLASS 1500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 2 3/4 3 3 1/2
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16
BOLT LOAD (kN) 39.5 39.5 54.7 81.9 102.1 77.1 94.9 118.9 165.7 219.2 190.0 256.5 336.2 342.1 441.0 552.5 615.4 739.6 1022.2
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 38.0 38.0 62.0 93.0 132.0 87.0 123.0 173.0 268.0 426.0 338.0 540.0 817.0 886.0 1285.0 1789.0 2192.0 2874.0 4635.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 77.0 77.0 124.0 186.0 264.0 175.0 246.0 347.0 537.0 852.0 677.0 1080.0 1633.0 1773.0 2571.0 3578.0 4385.0 5748.0 9269.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 128.0 128.0 207.0 309.0 441.0 291.0 410.0 578.0 894.0 1420.0 1128.0 1799.0 2722.0 2955.0 4285.0 5964.0 7308.0 9581.0 ###
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 28.0 28.0 46.0 68.0 98.0 64.0 91.0 128.0 198.0 314.0 250.0 398.0 602.0 654.0 948.0 1320.0 1617.0 2120.0 3418.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 57.0 57.0 92.0 137.0 195.0 129.0 181.0 256.0 396.0 628.0 499.0 796.0 1205.0 1308.0 1896.0 2639.0 3234.0 4240.0 6837.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 94.0 94.0 153.0 228.0 325.0 215.0 302.0 426.0 660.0 1047.0 832.0 1327.0 2008.0 2179.0 3160.0 4399.0 5390.0 7066.0 ###
CLASS 2500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 2 1/2 2 3/4
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12
BOLT LOAD (kN) 35.9 36.3 50.0 81.9 102.1 77.1 94.9 118.9 166.4 232.5 311.0 311.0 502.3 559.5
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 35.0 35.0 57.0 106.0 149.0 100.0 138.0 193.0 323.0 527.0 806.0 806.0 1627.0 1993.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 70.0 71.0 113.0 212.0 297.0 200.0 277.0 385.0 647.0 1054.0 1612.0 1612.0 3253.0 3986.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 116.0 118.0 189.0 353.0 496.0 333.0 461.0 642.0 1078.0 1757.0 2686.0 2686.0 5422.0 6643.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 26.0 26.0 42.0 78.0 110.0 74.0 102.0 142.0 239.0 389.0 594.0 594.0 1200.0 1470.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 51.0 52.0 84.0 156.0 219.0 147.0 204.0 284.0 477.0 778.0 1189.0 1189.0 2399.0 2940.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 86.0 87.0 139.0 261.0 366.0 246.0 340.0 473.0 795.0 1296.0 1981.0 1981.0 3999.0 4900.0
NOTES:
1. BOLT TORQUE (Nm) = TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K x BOLT LOAD (kN) x BOLT DIAMETER (mm).
2. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa.
3. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
4. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40 % OF Y.S. (CLASSES 150, 300 & 600), 30 % OF Y.S. (CLASS 900), 27.5 % OF Y.S. (CLASS 1500) & 25 % OF Y.S. (CLASS 2500).
5. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
6. FOR FLANGE BOLTING PROCEDURE REFER TO DRAWING NO. 467972.
7. WASHERS ARE TO BE USED UNDER EACH NUT FOR STUD BOLT SIZES > 1".
8. TABLES ARE TO BE USED AS A GENERAL GUIDE.
9. TABLES SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO CONTAIN ABSOLUTE VALUES DUE TO THE LARGE NUMBER OF UNCONTROLLABLE VARIABLES INVOLVED WITH BOLTED JOINTS.
10. ALL BOLT TORQUE TABLES ARE BASED ON THE USE NEW BOLTS AND NUTS.
11. THE FLANGES ARE ASSUMED TO BE IN GOOD CONDITION AND IN COMPLIANCE WITH ASME B16.5 SPECIFICATIONS.
SPECIAL ATTENTION SHOULD BE GIVEN TO SEATING SURFACE FINISH AND FLATNESS.
12. ONLY TORQUE WRENCHES THAT HAVE BEEN CALIBRATED SHOULD BE USED.
13. FLANGE JOINTS ARE CONSIDERED TO BE UNINSULATED.
REVIEW CALCULATIONS
CLASS 150
NOMINAL DIAMETER (m
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 190 133 124 133 94 118 101 70 87
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 40 40 52 60 60 60 60 60 55
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 125 100 100 72 60 75 81 61 100
B G
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 300
NOMINAL DIAMETER (m
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 190 212 170 200 200 197 202 200 142
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 40 40 44 56 53 50 40 58 60
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 100 100 100 80 98 100 90 96 73
B B B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 600
NOMINAL DIAMETER (m
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 200 212 194 200 200 200 202 200 157
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 42 40 50 56 53 51 40 58 60
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 93 100 100 58 76 64 70 74 72
B B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 900
NOMINAL DIAMETER (m
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 200 200
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 54 44
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 75 73
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 30% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 1500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (m
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 312 217 219 200 200 200 200 200 200
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 27.5 27.5 27.5 41.1 39.0 38.7 36.3 34.5 37.8
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 63 45 47 61 63 68 59 53 54
B B B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 27.5% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 2500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (m
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 283 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 25.0 25.3 25.1 31.3 29.6 29.5 27.6 27.1 25.2
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 35 26 29 35 35 46 40 35 37
B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 70 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 25% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE
BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION
70 190
40 72
60 125
MIN MAX
119 212
40 60
64 102
MIN MAX
157 212
40 60
58 100
MIN MAX
200 231
30 54
41 75
MIN MAX
200 312
28 41
35 68
MIN MAX
200 321
25 31
26 46
Calculations For ASME B16.5 Flanges With Spiral Wound Gaskets to ASME B16.20
Class 150
374875755.xls Page 13
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 24 38 38 38 57 38 57 57 57 57 57 80 105 138 138 176 176 176 265
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 9 13 17 19 27 17 20 29 42 51 48 69 63 85 74 100 120 132 172
Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 24 38 38 38 57 38 57 57 57 57 57 80 105 138 138 176 176 176 265
Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 52 104 104 104 186 104 186 186 186 186 186 301 452 669 669 947 947 947 1714
Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 24 36 42 54 77 48 57 83 86 86 86 119 157 207 135 195 229 261 335
Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 52 98 115 146 248 130 184 269 279 279 279 451 678 1004 658 1053 1237 1408 2172
Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 189 200 170 200 200 197 200 200 142 119 125 121 175 169 127 136 134 138 136
374875755.xls Page 14
Class 600
Class 900
Class 1500
374875755.xls Page 15
Gasket Contact OD (mm) 31.8 39.6 47.8 60.5 69.9 85.9 98.6 120.7 149.2 177.8 209.6 257.3 311.2 368.3 400.1 457.2 520.7 571.5 679.5
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16
Size of Bolts (in) 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 2 3/4 3 3 1/2
Threads per Inch 10 10 9 9 8 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Gasket Contact Area (mm2) 507 726 999 1637 2041 3085 3796 4756 6627 8768 11401 15387 20173 24164 22802 34456 44179 48739 64605
Bolt Core Area (mm2) 199.4 199.4 276.5 276.5 363.2 276 363 478 609 919 756 1097 1502 1728 2227 2790 3416 4106 5675
Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655 655 655
Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 63 88 116 134 162 114 160 225 309 499 465 635 924 957 1080 1359 1780 2082 2877
Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 86 86 119 119 157 119 157 207 263 397 327 474 649 746 962 1205 1343 1614 2230
Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 680 474 478 292 307 310 331 348 318 362 344 370 386 494 675 560 486 530 552
Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 39 39 55 55 72 55 72 95 121 182 150 217 297 342 441 552 615 740 1022
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 9 13 17 29 36 27 33 42 58 77 67 90 118 106 100 151 193 213 283
Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 39 39 55 55 72 55 72 95 121 182 150 217 297 342 441 552 615 740 1022
Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 128 128 207 207 311 207 311 460 651 1178 889 1525 2408 2955 4285 5964 7308 9581 15449
Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 25 36 50 82 102 77 95 119 166 219 190 256 336 302 285 431 552 609 808
Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 82 118 189 309 441 291 410 578 894 1420 1128 1799 2722 2608 2769 4649 6557 7892 12205
Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Class 2500
Notes:
374875755.xls Page 16
Data For ASME B16.5 Flanges & ASME B16.20 Spiral Wound Gaskets
Class 300
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.88 2.13 2.75 3.25 4 5 6.13 7.19 9.19 11.31 13.38 14.63 16.63
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.38 12.5 14.75 16 18.25
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20
Size of Bolts (inches) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4
Threads per Inch 13 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 287 287 318 503 392 360 321 434 594 678 458 538 472 476 283 320
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 238 238 264 418 326 299 267 361 493 563 380 447 392 395 235 266
Class 600
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.88 2.13 2.75 3.25 4 4.75 5.81 6.88 8.88 10.81 12.88 14.25 16.25
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.38 12.5 14.75 16 18.25
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20
Size of Bolts (inches) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2
Threads per Inch 13 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 327 289 362 695 506 572 410 563 601 507 495 515 430 421 344 370
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 272 240 301 577 420 475 341 468 499 421 411 428 357 350 286 307
Class 900
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 3.75 4.75 5.81 6.88 8.75 10.88 12.75 14 16.25
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.13 12.25 14.5 15.75 18
No. of Bolts 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20
Size of Bolts (inches) 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8
Threads per Inch 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 518 434 492 536 456 429 468 504 509
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 430 361 409 445 379 356 389 419 423
Class 1500
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
374875755.xls
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.31 2.75 3.63 4.63 5.63 6.75 8.5 10.5 12.75 14.25 16.00
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.13 12.25 14.5 15.75 18
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 16
Size of Bolts (inches) 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2
Threads per Inch 10 10 9 9 8 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 314 440 418 484 446 413 441 471 507 543 615 579 615 554 485 487
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 261 365 347 402 370 343 366 391 421 451 511 481 511 460 403 405
Class 2500
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.31 2.75 3.63 4.63 5.63 6.75 8.5 10.63 12.5
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.13 12.25 14.5
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12
Size of Bolts (inches) 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 2 1/2 2 3/4
Threads per Inch 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 516 690 618 642 609 459 499 558 491 543 579 579 579 615
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 429 573 513 533 506 381 414 464 408 451 481 481 481 511
Flange Sizes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
300 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
600 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
900 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
1500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
2500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
300 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
600 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
900 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350
1500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150
2500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
ASTM A193-B7 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
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Bolt Yield Strength Ratios
Class 150 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 550 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 550 550
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
Class 300 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 450 450 450
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 450 450 450
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
Class 600 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 550 450 450 450 345 345
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 550 450 450 450 345 345
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
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Class 900 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 550 450 450 450 345 345 345 345
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 550 450 450 450 345 345 345 345
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
Class 1500 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 550 550 550 550 550 450 450 345 345
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 550 550 550 550 550 450 450 345 345
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
Class 2500 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 2 1/2 2 3/4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 550 550 450 550 450 450 345
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 550 550 450 550 450 450 345
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655
1 2
ASTM A193-B7 ASTM A194-2H
ASTM A193-B16 ASTM A194-4
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 ASTM A194-8 (STRAIN HARDENED)
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 ASTM A194-8M (STRAIN HARDENED)
1 2
Bolt Material Max Temp
ASTM A193-B7 300
ASTM A193-B16 425
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 525
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 450
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Gasket Data
Minimum Recommended Gasket Pressure = 70 MPa
Maximum Recommended Gasket Pressure = 200 MPa
1 2
Gasket Material Min 150
PTFE 250
FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE 450
Input Data
Minimum Bolt Utilisation (% of Yield Strength)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
150 0 20 25 30 35 40
300 0 20 25 30 35 40
600 0 20 25 30 35 40
900 0 10 15 20 25 30
1500 0 10 15 20 25 27.5
2500 0 5 10 15 20 25
150 0 20 25 30 35 40
Flange Material
Flange Material
ASTM A105
ASTM A182-F304
ASTM A182-F304L
ASTM A182-F316
ASTM A182-F316L
o
C Strength Temp Strength
Operating Temp. 20 248 20 248
50 248
20 248
Max. Temp.
Material 20 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Limit
ASTM A105 400 248 248 226 220 214 204 188 181 173 0 0 0 0
ASTM A182-F304 550 206 206 170 155 144 135 128 124 119 115 111 107 0
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ASTM A182-F304L 550 172 172 145 132 122 114 108 104 101 98 95 92 0
ASTM A182-F316 550 206 206 176 161 149 139 132 127 123 121 119 117 0
ASTM A182-F316L 550 172 172 144 131 120 112 105 101 96 93 89 85 0
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Bolt Torque Coefficients
ASTM A193-B7 & B16 STUD BOLTS ASTM A193-B8 & B8M CLASS 2 STUD BOLT ASTM A193-B7 & B16 STUD BOLTS
1 2
18 20 24 BOLT CONDITION K BOLT CONDITION K BOLT CONDITION K
18.69 20.69 24.75 1px1 (MOLY)V 0.18 COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.19 1px1 (MOLY)V 0.18
20.75 22.75 27 AS RECEIVED 0.20 NO LUBRICANT - CLEAN STAINLESS STEEL 0.30 AS RECEIVED 0.20
16 20 20 AS RECEIVED OR LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 771 0.13 GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.24 AS RECEIVED OR LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 771 0.13
1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 BOWMAN ANTI-SEIZE 0.12 LIGHTLY OILED 0.24 BOWMAN ANTI-SEIZE 0.12
8 8 8 CADMIUM PLATED 0.17 LOW FRICTION OIL 0.18 CADMIUM PLATED 0.17
561 487 479 CADMIUM PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.20 MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE BASED GREASE 0.17 CADMIUM PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.20
466 405 398 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14 MOLYBOND GA50 0.17 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14
CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.13 NICKEL BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.18 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.13
CLEAN, NONPLATED, AS RECEIVED 0.20 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.21 CLEAN, NONPLATED, AS RECEIVED 0.20
COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.16 COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.16
18 20 24 DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243 0.20 DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243 0.20
18.69 20.69 24.75 EXPOSED TO ELEMENTS, BEGINNING TO OXIDISE 0.30 EXPOSED TO ELEMENTS, BEGINNING TO OXIDISE 0.30
20.75 22.75 27 GALVANISED (DEGREASED) 0.42 GALVANISED (DEGREASED) 0.42
24 24 24 GALVANISED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.22 GALVANISED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.22
1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2 GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.20 GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.20
8 8 8 GREASE 0.16 GREASE 0.16
376 428 365 GREASE (HEAVY) 0.14 GREASE (HEAVY) 0.14
312 356 303 HOT DIPPED GALVANISED 0.25 HOT DIPPED GALVANISED 0.25
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18 20 24 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.18 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.18
18.25 20.25 24.25 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.16 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.16
20.5 22.5 26.75
16 16 16 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.17
2 3/4 3 3 1/2
8 8 8
521 507 507
433 421 421
18 20 24
18 19 20
450 500 600
450 500 600
450 500 600
18 19 20
450 500 600
450 500 600
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Maximum Bolt Operating Temperature = 20 C
O
18 19 20
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
450 450 450 ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690
450 450 450 ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665
18 19 20
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
450 450 345 ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690
450 450 345 ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665
18 19 20
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665
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1 7/8 2 2 1/2 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)
18 19 20
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B7
720 720 720 ASTM A193-B16
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2
18 19 20
655 655 655 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
655 655 655 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 550
18 19 20
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 550
374875755.xls
0
374875755.xls
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 550 550 450 450 450
665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 550 550 450 450 450
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 450 450 450 450 450 345
665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 450 450 450 450 450 345
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
690 690 690 690 690 550 550 550 450 450 450 345 345
665 665 665 665 665 550 550 550 450 450 450 345 345
374875755.xls
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
550 450 450 450 345 345 345 345
550 450 450 450 345 345 345 345
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655 655 655
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655 655 655
550 550 550 550 450 450 345 345
550 550 550 550 450 450 345 345
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655
550 450 550 450 450 345
550 450 550 450 450 345
374875755.xls