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IS 7250 (1995): Method of test for evaluation of


insectproofness of woollen textiles [TXD 5: Chemical
Methods of Test]

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Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
Invent a New India Using Knowledge

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IS 7250 : 1995

(Reaffirmed 2003)

(mJ*-m)
Indian Standard
METHODOFTESTFOREVALUATION
OF INSECTPROOFNESSOFWOOLi,EN
TEXTILES
(First Revision)

ICS 59.060.10

0 BIS 1995

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS


MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARC
NEW DELHI 110 002

December 1995 Price Group 2


Clwmic;rl Methods of Test Sectional Committee, TX 05

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft
finalized by the Chemical Methods of Test Sectional Committee had been approved by the Textile
Division Council.

Woollen fabrics and garments are frequently damaged by larvae of dermested beetle and moths and result
in enormous economic loss. Among beetles, the woolly bear (Anthrenusflavi~~~Lec) and the carpet beetle
(Attagenus fascia&s); and among moths (Tinea pellionella Linn and Tinea translucens) and the webbing
clothes moth (Tineola bisselliella Hum) aremainly responsible for damage throughout India.

The standard originally published in 1974 provided use of larvae ofAnthrenusflavipes and Tineapellionella.
species. The standard has been revised to incorporate use of additional insect. Details for breeding of
larvae of test species have also been included.

The earlier version of the standard specified temperature of 30 + 0.5C and 75 -I 2 percent relative
humidity. The revised standard adopts standard atmospheric conditions for textiles, namely, 27 + 2C
temperature.and 65 +- 2 percent relative humidity.

In the preparation of this standard, assistance has been drawn from IS0 3998 : 1977 Textiles -
Determination of resistance to certain insect pests.

In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value,
obscrvcd or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done id accordance with IS 2 : 1960 Rules for
rounding off numerical values (revised).
IS 7250 : 1995

Indian Standard
METHODOFTESTFOREVALUATION
OF INSECTPROOFNESSOFWOOLLEN
TEXTILES
(First Revision)

1 SCOPE of these as test specimens and remaining four as


moisture regain controls.
This standard specifies a method for determination
of the resistance ofwoollen textiles to the larvae of: 5.2 Voracity Control Specimens
(a) Anthrenusflavipes, (b) Attagenus fascia&s, and
(c) Tinen transfucens. It is applicable to all textiles As it is essential to provide a control on larval
containing wool fibres in any proportion. voracity, eight test specimens shall be selected from
undyed unproofed woollen material or yarn cor-
2 PRINCIPI,E
responding to the sample to be tested. Use four of
Conditioned voracity control specimens and test these eight specimens as larvae voracity control
specimens of known mass are placed in contact with specimen and four as moisture regain controls.
selected larvae for 14 days. The loss in mass of all
specimens, the extent of the attack on test 5.3 Form and Characteristics
specimens and the condition of test larvae are as-
The specimen shall be of the form and size as @ven
certained to assess the resistance of each test
in Table 1.
specimen.
3 APPARATUS Table 1 Form and Size of Specimens
3.1 Metal, glass or plastic containers of 45 mm Material Form and Size
diameter and 10 mm height with metal/plasticcover
Woven or knitted Discs, 40 rt 1.5 mm in diameter
having 4 or 5 minute ventilating holes. This con-
fabrics, felts and
tainer shall be large enough to permit test larvae to furs
remain in contact with, or move away from the test
carpet Squares approximately 30 mm X 30
specimen. mm with tuft and/or loops along the
edges intact
3.2 Pointed forcep and a camel hair brush with
pesticide free bristles. Carpet pile alone 200 mg specimens

3.3 Weighing bottles with stopper. Yarn 200 mg specimens, wound into a loose
hank in the container
3.4 -Balance capable of determining mass to an
accuracy of 0.1 mg. 6 TEST INSECTS
3.5 Die of 402 1.5 mm diameter for punching cir- 6.1 The larva of any of the following test insects
cular test specimen. shall be used. Choice of test species depends-upon
4 CONI)IHONING, RF,4RING AND TESTING the species against which proofness is required.
ATMOCPI-IFRE
L J Anthrenus jlpipes and Attagenus fascia&s are
difficult to control and thus require high level of
The atmospheric conditions for rearing and testing insectproofing agent than Tinea translucens:
shall have 27 ? 1C temperature and 65 + 2 percent (i) Anthrenus jlavipes lo-11 weeks old
relative humidity.
(ii) Attagenus fasciatus 11-12 weeks old
5 SPECIMENS (iii) Tinea translucens ,24-27 days old
5.1 Test Specimens 6.2 Details of breeding of the above larvae are
Eight test specimens shall be selected at random given in Annex A. In case, there is any deviation in
Irom the sample of material to be tested. Use four rearing medium or temperature and relative

1
1s 7250 : 19%

humidity, it may call for some deviation in the age m2 = mean initial mass of appropriate
of the larvae used for tests. In that case the devia- moisture regain controls, and
tion shall be indicated in the test report. Differen- m3 = mean final mass of appropriate mois-
ces caused by variation in temperature and ture regain controls.
humidity are largely overcome by use of Standard
conditions given in 4. 8.2 Visual Assessment of Insectproofness

7 PROCEDURE 8.2.1 Examine each test specimen and assess the


7.1 Condition all the sixteen specimens in the at- visible damage using the symbols given in Tables 2
mosphere specified in 4 for 24 hours. Then and 3.
determine the mass of each specimen separately in
a stoppcrcd weighing bottle to an accuracy of 0.1 Table 2 Estimation of Cropping
mg. Symbol Cropping : Visible Surface Damage
7.2 Place each of the test and voracity control I No detectable damage
specimens of known mass in a separate container. 2 Very slight cropping
On to each of the four test specimens and the four
3 Moderate cropping
voracity control specimens place fifteen larvae of
4 Very heavy cropping
the selected insect or pest. (These larvae should be
subjected to fasting for 24 h before their release on
Table 3 Estimation of Holes
specimens.)
Symbol EMimation of IIoles
7.3 Keep the sixteen containers in the dark in the
test atmosphere for a period of 14 days. A No detectable damage
B Yarn or fibres partially severed
7.4 Aflcr test period, remove all larvae, cast skins C A few small holes, yarn or fibres sevcred
(cxuviae) cxcremcnts and loose fibrer, from the test D Several large holes
specimens and voracity control specimens by means
of pointed forceps and a camel hair brush. 8.3 Visual Assessment of Larval Condition

7.5 Count and record for each test specimen the Count and record for each test specimen the num-
number of surviving, dead or pupating larvae. ber of larvae in each of the following conditions:
a) Live,
7.6 Transfer the test specimen, thevoracity control
specimens and moisture regain control specimens b) Dead, and
to small tared weighing bottles. Determine the c) Pupating.
mass separately of the test, voracity control and
moisture regain control specimens. 8.4 Assessment of Insectproofness

7.7 Test is invalid if the mean loss in mass of the 8.4.1 A tested sample of fabric, carpet or yarn shall
four voracity controls is Jess than 35 mg, or any be considered a borderline case of satisfactory in-
single value is less than 2.5 mg or more than 25 sectproofncss if any of the following applies:
percent of the control larvae die or pupate.
a>Visible surface damage and estimation of
holes is assessed as attack level 2 B on two
8 OHSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS of the test specimens and the remaining test
specimens are undamaged.
8.1 Method of Calculation and Formula
b) Visible surface damage and estimation of
8.1.1 Determine the loss in mass (no) of each test holes is assessed as attack level 3 B on any
specimen and voracity control specimen due to one test specimen with the yarn or fibres
insect feeding as follows: partially severed at more than 011e point
mo x mg (indicative of uneven application) with the
m= -ml remaining test specimens are undamaged.
m2
4 No surface damage is visible to the naked
where
eyes but the mean loss in mass is greater
1120 = mass of the test specimen or voracity than 15.0 mg or the loss in mass of any one
control specimen before exposure to test specimen is not-greater than 20 mg.
larvae,
ml = mass of the test specimen or voracity ~8.4.2 A tested sample of fabric, carpet or yarn shall
control specimen after exposure to be considered satisfactorily proofed if the attack
larvae for 14 days,

2
IS 7250 : 1995

level is assessed as less than that defined as border- b) Test insect species used;
line under 8.4.1. c) Larval conditions at the end of the test;
8.4.3 If a tested sample of fabric, carpet or yarn has d) Mean loss in mass, in mg, of the four test
level greater than that defined as borderline specimens;
under 8.4.1 then it shall beconsidered inadequately e) Assessment of visible damage;
proofed. If estimation of holes is assessed as C or
f) Mean loss in mass, in mg, of the four voracity
D on any test specimen, the sample also falls in this
control specimens;
category.
9 TEST REPORT g) Any deviation from the specified procedure;
and
The test report shall include the following:
h) Assessment of iQsectproofness: Proof/
a) Type of textile material under test; Borderline/Not proof.

ANNEX A
(Clause
6.2)
BREEDING OF LARVAE OF TEST SPECIES

A-l PRINCIPLE with a solution containing 10 percent


The insect pests are cultured on suitable media for glucose, 1 percent bFewers yeast and 10
specified times under controlled atmospheric con- percent dry albumen. Dry albumen can
ditions. The cultures are sieved and the larvae of be obtained from fresh hens egg.
speclfied size and age are collected for use in the b) For starting a culture, about 100 adults are
lest. liberated on fabric pieces treated with
A-2 lN$ECTS medium in a~container for a week. Adults
The method describes procedures for rearing and after a tick are removed from the container
maintaining the following insect pests: and liberated into a second such container
i) Anthrenu.s j7avipes (Lx Conte) (beetle). for a week. This process is repeated at week-
ly interval. Add fresh medium as and when
ii) AtmKenu.s~iz.sciatus(Thunberg) (beetle).
-required. Remove excreta and cast skins of
iii) Tinw tmnslucens (Meyrick) (Moth). larvae when needed. After 11 or 12 weeks
A-3 APPARATUS remove excess fabric and sieve the culture.
Larvae that are retained by 1.00 mm sieve
/\-3.1 Rearing Containers - Glass jar of suitable will be used for the test. (This will produce
*,ilape and volume provided with fine mesh metal larvae of 0.8 to 1.0 mg.).
<crcen or cloth covers.
c) Seleclcd larvae shall be kept in filter paper
A-3.2 Test Sieves-f 0.8 mm, 1.00 mm and 1.25 lined petri dish for fasting for 24 h before
mm aperture. their release on the specimens.
A-3.3 Pigeon Feathers (for handling larvae, etc.) -
A-4.2 Attagenus fasciatus (the banded carpet
rubber hands of various kcs.
beetle)
A-3.4 Oviposition Jar (15 cm x 9 cm diamcter)--
a) Media
covered with round mosquito net piece.
Medium 1
4-3.5 Aspirator-for removal of cast skins of lar-
Lie. Fishmeal 70 g
Cornmeal 25 g
i-3.6 Petri Wshes-with glass cover. Powdered Brewers
yeast 5g
A-J MAINTENANCE OF CULTURES
This formulation shall be ground to pass
A-4.1 Anthrenus tlavipes (woolly bear of furniture through a 0.8 mm sieve.
carpet beetle).
ibledium 2
a) Me&i m
Dogs biscuit 95 g
All wool, undyed, scoured, worsted white Powdered brewers
serge or barrack blanket piece is treated yeast 5g

3
IS 7250:1995

For starting culture release some adults on nated with a five percent dispersion of
the Medium No. 1 or 2 in suitable container brewers yeast in distilled water.
and fill three-fourths of it with medium. On b) For starting a culture, freshly emerged
the top of medium place a small piece of adults are caught by aspirator and intro-
wool fabrics for shelter of adults. Sieve the duced daily in a glass oviposition container
culture in medium at interval of 11 IO 12 having pieces of filter paper for harbourage
weeks. Larvae that pass through 1.25 mm ofmoths. These jars are covered with round
sieve but are retained by 1.00 mm sieve will mesh mosquito netting held in place with a
be used for the test (This should produce rubber band. Every morning, eggs are
larvae of 6 to 7mg). Add fresh medium as removed by inverting the oviposition jar in
and when required. Remove dead larvae a glass dish. Culthres with known number
and cast skins at biweekly interval. of eggs (150 to 200) are started in a rearing
container having above medium. Eggs
C) After 12th week sieve the culture and hatch out within 5 to 6 days. Each culture
release the larvae on fresh medium.
thus contains about 150 to 200 larvae which
will be used as test insects when 24 to 27 days
A-4.3Tinea translucens ( the tropical case making old. Add fresh medium as and when re-
..
clothesmoth) quired to the rearing jars. Remove excreta
at 15 days interval.
a) Medium
C> Selected larvae shall be released in a petri
All wool undyed, scoured worsted white dish for 24 h for fasting before their release
serge or barrack blanket piece, impreg- on test and voracity specimens.

4
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Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards~as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also
reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that
no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users
of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by
referring to the latest issue of BIS Handbook and Standards Monthly Additions.

This Indian Standard has been developed~from Dot : No. TX 05 ( 0256 ).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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