The Pump unit has 0 initial storage of energy (i.e. no inflow yet).

As is known, in a
hydro pumped storage unit, energy is stored by pumping water from a lower level to
a higher elevation. The effect is about 95.23% = 1/1.05, i.e. one needs 1.05 MWh to
put 1 MWh in storage. The energy is recovered for utility use by passing the water
from the higher to the lower elevation through a hydro turbin driving by electric
generator. Assume that the max pumped into storage per month is 420 units and the
max inventory level is 970 units. Assume of course that the loss in efficiency is when
it is stored and not when it is generated.

Suppose that all generator plants are owned by the same firm and its objective
function is to minimize the start-up, spinning and energy costs, subject to all relevant
constraints, such as:

All generators monthly production should satisfy the respective demand,

including the energy used for pumping.
Each one of generators can generate some maximum MWh, only if it is in
operation (and FC are paid); you need a binary z = (0,1) here.
If it is in operation, it must have started in the previous period (and SC are
paid); you need also a binary y = (0,1) here. The y binary should be consistent
with the z binary. For instance, if y = 0 in month 1 for some generator, z must
be zero two (not in production). Similarly, if Hydro starts at month 3, i.e. yhydro
= 1, and does not close after that, zhydro = 1 for all months from month 3 to 6.
Hydro has some balance equations for every month such as: Inventory at t = 1,
plus inflow (always = 300) = generation at t = 2, plus inventory at t = 2, plus
possible spill at t = 2.
Pump has some other balances, such as the amount of Water pumped in
period t+1 (called it W) plus the inventory in t+1 = inventory in t+2, plus
possible spill, plus generation at t = 2; of course the capacity constraints and
the efficiency constraints should be considered.

In your report you need to find the following values in a table like below and
interpret it clearly! (Some values are of course given in the problem). Please explain
your constraints! (The problem can be formulated and solved in LINGO, MatLab,
Excel, Mathematica, GAMS etc).

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

GA

Generation WI
 HY

PU

Demand 900 1190 1480 1520 1298 1030

GA

Start WI

HY

PU

W(ater) PU

INV(entory) PU

HY

Tot Cost