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Testing and Adjusting

Vital Information Management System (VIMS)
Media Number -SENR6059-08 Publication Date -01/06/2004 Date Updated -30/06/2004

i01489008

Troubleshooting Diagnostic Codes

SMCS -7601-038; 7603-038

Illustration 1 g00490762

VIMS Display Components

 1(1) Gauge cluster
2(2) Speedometer/tachometer module
3(3) Message center
4(4) Alert indicator
5(5) Data logging indicator
6(6) Gauges
7(7) Tachometer
8(8) Ground speed readout
9(9) Actual gear readout
10(10) Message area
11(11) Universal gauge
12(12) Gauge warning areas

The display of most maintenance events is delayed with the 9.X class
of configuration software or later versions. The VIMS may wait up to
eight seconds from the start of an event before the event is
displayed. This delay is called debounce. This eight second delay is
included in the total duration time of the events that are recorded in
the event list. When the VIMS has received an event from an
electronic control via the CAT data link the VIMS adds zero time to
these events. the VIMS displays the events immediately. Debounce is
applied to many parameters in order to prevent false tripping of
events or debounce is applied to many parameters in order to reduce
false tripping of events.

ACTIVE maintenance events are shown in message area (10). A

maintenance event is specified by showing that a parameter has an
"ERR" and instructions for the operator such as "CALL SHOP". When
multiple ACTIVE maintenance events are present each event will be
displayed on the message area. The message area scrolls through the
events at three second intervals. The following display is shown when
the engine oil pressure circuit has an error:
Illustration 2 g00490765

Pressing the "F1" key will display the diagnostic information (MID, CID,
and FMI codes) for the event on the second line of the message area.
An example is shown here:

Illustration 3 g00490768

When the VIMS is in the gauge mode pressing the "F1" key will display
the failure on the message area. Pressing the "F1" key again will
display the FMI code definition. An example of the message is
"SHORTED LO".

Module Identifier (MID)

The VIMS displays maintenance events that originate from electronic
controls. The events are shown on the message area. Other
electronic control modules transfer this diagnostic information by
way of the CAT data link to the VIMS main module.

The electronic control module that has detected a failure is identified

by the Module Identifier (MID). Each electronic control module on the
machine has a unique MID. Use table 1 to match the MID for each
failure to an electronic control module. Refer to the "Module Identifier
table" on the machine's Electrical System Schematic if the MID that is
shown does not appear in table 1. After the electronic control module
that detected the failure has been identified, refer to the failed controls
Service Manual for troubleshooting information (CID/FMI). The Service
Manual modules for each control are part of the machine Service
Manual.

If the Module Identifier is for a VIMS module use this Service Manual,
SENR6059 module to troubleshoot the failure. This Service Manual,
SENR6059 module contains troubleshooting procedures for VIMS
electronic control modules only. Refer to the Testing and Adjusting,
"Troubleshooting Procedures" section of this manual for the CID/FMI
troubleshooting procedures.

Note: Maintenance events that originate in other electronic controls

may be automatically cleared from the control when the event is
transferred to the VIMS. The data events are not affected.

Table 1
Component Identifier (CID)
The Component Identifier (CID) is a code that describes the component
that is believed to have caused the failure. The MID/CID/FMI can be
used to see the whole story.

Table 2
( 1) The current Component Identifiers provided in the table, apply to any machine
that was equipped with the VIMS after 08January 1994. These Component
Identifiers also apply to machines that were updated with new software after
08January 1994.

Failure Mode Identifier (FMI)

Failure Mode Identifier (FMI) codes are defined by SAE standards. The
Caterpillar definitions that are listed here are applied to Caterpillar
products. The relationship between sensors and FMI's is shown in
Illustration 4. The type of sensors are listed here: frequency sensors
(Suspension Cylinder), analog sensors (engine control) and digital
sensors (PWM).

Illustration 4 g00490995

Table 3
Detailed FMI Explanation

FMI 00 -"Data Valid But Above Normal Operating Range" Every

electronic control system sets a high limit for the expected operating
range of the signal. The limit includes over range signals such as high
converter temperatures. A sensor that is still working but sending a
signal above the expected limit will cause an FMI 00 to be stored.

Some possible causes of FMI 00 are listed here:

z Signal above normal (High pressure or temperature)

z Calibration is needed. (FMI 13 is the preferred code.)

For example, a certain PWM sensor is expected to generate a valid

signal over 80 percent duty cycle. If the sensor generates a signal of
81 percent duty cycle, the sensor is still working but the signal is above
the expected signal limits.

FMI 01 -"Data Valid But Below Normal Operating Range" Every

electronic control system sets a low limit for the expected operating
range of the signal. The limit includes under range signals, such as a
low engine oil pressure signal from a sensor that is functioning
normally. A sensor that is still working but sending a signal below the
expected limit will cause an FMI 01 to be stored.

Some possible causes of FMI 01 are listed here:

z Signal below normal (Low voltage/pressure/temperature)

z Timing is retarded.

For example, a certain PWM sensor is not expected to generate a

PWM signal below 5 percent duty cycle even with zero air pressure. If
the sensor generates a signal of 4 percent duty cycle with the engine
shutdown, the sensor is still working but the signal is below the
expected signal limits.

FMI 02 -"Data Erratic, Intermittent Or Incorrect" Signal data that is

received from a component is valid. The data that is received from
the component has become intermittent or erratic. Data can be
correct sometimes and the data may be incorrect at other times. The
communication that occurs between electronic controls also relates
to this condition. For example, when the VIMS is looking for the
engine speed from the electronic engine control over the Cat data
link. The data has been intermittent 10 times within 5 seconds in a
10 minute period.
Some possible causes of FMI 02 are listed here:

z Loose connections in switches, harness, etc.

z Intermittent/erratic signal

z Programmed data has changed.

z Noisy signal

z The signal is out of range. (FMI 00 or FMI 01 are the preferred

codes.)

z A failed power or ground connection to the ECM

z Failed ECM

FMI 03 -"Voltage Above Normal Or Shorted

High" The voltage that is received from a
component is higher than the expected value
that is identified by the CID. FMI 03 most often
relates to a signal circuit. Some Possible
causes of FMI 03 are listed here: z The sensor
(switch)

z The harness

z The related electronic control

Some possible causes of an FMI 03 are listed here: z An analog

sensor's output is stuck at the maximum output of the sensor. z A

harness that has the sensor signal wire shorted to any voltage that

is greater than the voltage of the

 sensor power supply. z A
sensor signal wire is open in the
machine harness between the
sensor and the control. When a
sensor has been disconnected
from an electronic control the
input circuit voltage is normally
pulled up to a positive

level. The positive voltage is often 5.0 DCV.

z A sensor signal contact of a failed control that is internally shorted

to a positive voltage source

z A failed control believes that a failure exists in a circuit that is

working correctly. This is unlikely.

FMI 04 -"Voltage Below Normal Or Shorted Low" The voltage that is

received from a component is lower than the expected value that is
identified by the CID. FMI 04 most often relates to a signal circuit. FMI
04 is very similar to FMI 06. This FMI is sometimes used in the place of
FMI 06.

Some Possible

causes of

FMI 04 are

listed here:

z The sensor

z The harness

z The related electronic control

Some possible cause of FMI 04 are listed here: z An analog sensor's

output is stuck at the minimum output of the sensor. z The signal

wire is shorted to ground in the harness. z Electronic control has an

internal short to ground on the connector contact of the signal

input.

FMI 05 -"Current Below Normal Or

Open Circuit" The current of the

monitored circuit is below normal.

This usually results from an open

circuit. FMI 05 is generally related to

a control output driver circuit. Some

possible causes of FMI 05 are listed

here: z Open circuit or poor harness

connection z High resistance circuit

in a component (relay coil)

z Component in the open position (switch) FMI 06 -"Current Above

Normal Or Grounded Circuit" The current of the monitored circuit is
above normal. This code is most commonly caused by a circuit that is
shorted to ground. This is very similar to an FMI 04. This code is
sometimes used in the place of FMI 04.

Some possible causes of FMI 06 are listed here: z A short to ground in

the harness z Low resistance (failure) in component coil (relay) z

Electronic control has an internal short to ground on the connector

contact of signal input.

FMI 07 -"Mechanical System Not

Responding Properly" A

mechanical system does not

respond in the expected manner

when electrical commands are

received from the electronic

control. For example, a sluggish

solenoid valve causes a slow

shift. Some possible causes of

FMI 07 are listed here: z

Improper response of a

component z Stuck component

z Component failure

z The engine is shutdown.

z Improper machine operation

FMI 08 -"Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width or Period" The frequency

of the signal or the width of a given signal pulse is not in the
expected range. This code can also relate to a failed output circuit of
a sensor or an open output circuit of a sensor.
Note: The period is
defined as the number
of cycles for any
periodic waveform. The
period is measured in
cycles per second.
Some possible causes of
FMI 08 are listed here:
z Intermittent signal
circuit connections

z Misfire. z Noisy signals that

are caused by a nearby radio
or magnetic field FMI 09
-"Abnormal Update" This code
relates to the communication
that occurs between electronic
controls via a data link. This
code occurs when given
control is unable to receive
required information from
another control via

the data link. This code indicates that the communication link to the
ECM has been lost for more than five
seconds and The ECM will not respond.
Some possible causes of FMI 09 are listed here:

z Loose connections in the harness or switches

z Failed power or ground connections to the ECM

z No communication is available on the data link.

z Abnormal update because of a mismatch of software between

electronic controls
 z Failure of the electronic control

FMI 10 -"Abnormal Rate Of Change" The code is related to a signal

that changes at a rate that is different from the expected rate. The
RATE OF CHANGE is outside of the expected limit. This value is not
outside of the expected maximum or minimum value.

For example, The ground speed increases too fast for normal
operation. The output of the transmission speed

sensor is sending the electronic control data that is erratic.

FMI 11 -"Failure Mode Not Identifiable" This code is used when an
electronic control determines that multiple FMI
codes are responsible for a single failure.

Some possible causes of FMI 11 are listed here: z Mechanical failure z

Machine damage to multiple circuits

FMI 12 -"Bad Device Or Component" The code is used for the

situations that are listed here: The code is used when an electronic
control does not receive an expected response from another
electronic control via the data link. The code is also used when an
electronic control receives an expected response from another
electronic control but the response is not valid. This condition is also
used when an electronic control is expected to send data periodically
and the control does not send the data.

Some possible causes of FMI 12 are listed here: z Control failure.

z Failure of an input to another electronic control module

z Failure of the data link circuit within the machine harness

z One or more controls with the incorrect software

FMI 13 -"Out Of Calibration" This code is used when the electrical

signal of a given mechanical condition is not within the expected
limits of the electronic control. The sensor needs calibration,
adjustment or replacement.

The possible causes of FMI 13 are listed here:

z Calibration is required.

z Data out of range

FMI 14, FMI 15 and FMI 20 - Codes are Not Used.

FMI 16 -"Parameter Not Available" The electronic control that is

providing data does not support the requested parameter because
the parameter is not available. This code indicates a possible
software mismatch between the electronic controls.

FMI 17 -"Module Not Responding" This code is used when a parameter

error is caused by a source module that ignores a request for data.
The source module has failed or the wire harness has failed.

FMI 18 -"Sensor Supply Failure". This code is used when a parameter

error is caused by a failed power supply in the module that is supplying
the voltage.

FMI 19 -"Conditions Not Met" This code is used when conditions that
are defined in the software are not met in order to store trend data.
FMI 19 or the actual FMI that is responsible for the failed trend
condition will be recorded.

Troubleshooting Procedures
Go to the procedure that corresponds to the CID and FMI that is
shown on the VIMS message center module. These procedures are
used for maintenance events (diagnostic codes)that originate with
the VIMS modules. These procedures are used for CID's that have an
MID of 49, 50, 57, 58, 59, 60, 65, 66, 67 or 68.

If the module identifier is not one of the previous listed numbers for the
VIMS modules, see the Module Identifier (MID) chart that is located on
the Electrical System Schematic for the machine that is being serviced.
After determining which electronic control module detected the event
or failure, see the service manual module for that control for
troubleshooting information (CID/FMI). The service manual modules for
each control are part of the Service Manual for the machine. See the
following sections for additional information:Module Identifier (MID)
and the Component Identifier (CID).

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